THE MAGAZINE OF SOUTH CAROLINA san er~ One Dollar Twenty-Five MAY• 1973 There are any number of good reasons why your next building should be of prestressed.

Here are four of them.

Here at Metromont, we feel that a building should And does it all , too. Like giving you maximum say something about the company it represents. return on your dollar investment. With minimum And if you 're currently planning a new maintenance and low insurance rates. Plus building, you ought to be considering what it a lot more we 'd like to tell you about. should say about your company. And about you. So if you 're thinking about a new building, Prestressed says something solid. Sure. let Metromont share in your plans for the And lasting. That you think and plan ahead in future. We know that when it comes t o concrete terms. That you have an eye la6CT'i ,,. ,,. building materials, beauty is as beauty for beauty as well as for business. In 1r1~ ,71~Mt/NT does. short. prestressed says it all. A'/ATEHIALS And prestressed does a lot!

Greenville Division / Box 2486 / Greenville. SC 29602 803/269-4664 Spartanburg Division / Box 1292 / Spartanburg, S.C. 29301 803/585-424 1 .. Campfires & Sandcastles start with C&S Whatever your vacation dreams -camping in the mountains, fishing at the lake, or soaking up sun at the beach-C&S Bank can start you on your way. We'll make you a low cost loan for that new camper. Or the boat you've been promising your family. Or maybe some extra cash so you can just get away from it all. We want this to be your best vacation ever. So plan something special. Then see C&S. We're the action bank.™ We'll make it happen. NOBODY WILL BE HAPPIER THAN US WHEN SCE&G IS FINALLY OUT OF SIGHI It'd be great if all SCE&G overhead pov.1er But we're working on the problems. Looking lines could go underground. for better and cheaper ways to take the ugly out Great. But impossible right now. of electricity. Because today there's no feasible way to bury Because although we're proud of the power the high-voltage lines that carry power from our we're supplying, we're no happier than you are plants. And the cost of converting existing over­ with the way we have to deliver it. head lines in neighborhood areas would be more than we're willing to ask you to pay. SOUTH CAROLINA ELECTRIC AND GM THE MAGAZINE sandl apper. I. JENKINS MIKELL, JR.

READERS' COMMENTS 4 NEXT MONTH 4 FROM BEHIND THE PALMETTOS 5 BOUZOUKIA AND BAKLAVA A LA CHARLESTON 9 Jean May NOT ALL BIGHAMS WERE NOTORIOUS 15 John Bigham GREAT NAMES HAVE RACED AT THE G-P 18 Reese Fant MARGOT FREUDENBERG CAN OFFER AID IN 37 LANGUAGES 23 Tom Hamrick • Life Insurance MISS KAT'S AMARYLLISES 31 David D. Buyck Jr. • Pension Plans MT. OLIVET OF SPRING HILL 35 Nat Hilborn • Group Insurance A PLANTATION FINANCED • Health Insurance WITH COOKIES 36 Jackie Odom • Annuities CHILLED SOUPS FOR WARM DAYS 41 Lucille McMaster INTERESTING, UNUSUAL ITEMS AND SER VICES 45 New York Life Insurance Co . MAYWEATHER 46 H. Landers S.C.N. Center, Main St. P.O. Box 11803 SANDLAPPER BOOKSHELF 48 Columbia, S.C. 29211 SANDLAPPER BOOKSTORE 50 252-5657 SOUTH CAROLINA HISTORY ILLUSTRATED II JOURNEY TO SECESSION 52 Louise K. Rankin EVENTS 61 20 FOOT A SELECTIVE GUIDE TO MOVIES 66 Dan Rottenberg MOTOR HOME

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Delmar L. Roberts ART DIRECTOR Michael F. Schumpert GENERAL MANAGER Kay Langley

NATIONAL ADVERTISING DIRECTOR Edward J. Keady Rich woodgrain interior ADVERTISING DIRECTOR Charles Alexander Safety glass in all windows ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVE Brian Taylor Gas range and refrigerator Roof, floor and sidewalls are EVENTS EDITOR Beverly Gregg completely insulated. CIRCULATION MANAGER Kathryn F. Little Roof air conditioning Power plant And many other extras

SANDLAPPER is published by Sandlapper Press, Inc., Allen F. Caldwell Jr., president and chair­ man of the board; Delmar L. Roberts, vice-president editorial; Edward J. Keady, vice-president $8995.00 advertising; E. A. Markwalter, vice-president and treasurer; Gertrude Ricker, secretary; and Kay Langley, assistant secretary.

SANDLAPPER-THE MAGAZINE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, May 1973, Volume 6, Number 5. Published monthly by Sandlapper Press, Inc. Editorial and administrative offices are located at 305 Superior Motors Inc. Greystone Blvd., Columbia. MAILING ADDRESS: All correspondence and manuscripts should be "The Little Profit Dealer" addressed to P.O. Box 1668, Columbia, S.C. 29202. Return postage must accompany all manu­ scripts, drawings and photographs submitted if they are to be returned. Query before submitting Pontiac• Buick material. No responsibility assumed for unsolicited materials. Second-class postage paid at Colum­ Orangeburg, S.C. bia, S.C. Subscription rates: $9 a year in the United States and possessions; foreign countries, $12. Add 4 percent sales tax for South Carolina subscriptions. Copyright © 1973 by Sandlapper Press, Phone 534- 11 23 Inc. Sandlapper is a registered trademark. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be re­ Columbia Number 256-0200 produced without written permission.

May 1973 3 Announcing a New Limited Edition Print by Low Country Artist readers' Jim Booth com1nents Sandlapper welcomes letters to the editor on matters of general in­ terest. We ask that the letters be held to 150 words or less. Excerpts from this month's letters are pre­ sented below.

Having read portions of the article [ on William Henry Trescot in the February Sandlapper], I A magnificent four-color shrimp boat painting, size 24 x 36, by the thought that you might find these talented and versatile Low Country artist Jim Booth has been reproduced additional items of interest. in vibrant color of the Low Country marsh atmosphere. Color prints of this Due to the absence by illness of quality are rare. The R. L. Bryan Company will certify to the edition limit General Louis Case, the Secretary of 2,000-all plates and negatives have been destroyed. Send check or of State, Mr. Trescot was the "act­ money order with instructions for artist to sign and dedicate to you. Your satisfaction guaranteed. ing" Secretary of State when South 1000 signed and numbered $20 each Carolina seceded, and in this posi­ 1000 signed $15 each tion, worked diligently to protect the interests of South Carolina-so J\mbnssndor Art finllery much so that one account called it 1830 Savannah Highway Box 3564 treasonous to the United States. Olarleston, S. C. 29407 Phone - 803-556-9162 This might have been a biased (Dealer inquiries invited) opinion for he was to serve the United States well in many capaci­ ties in later years. • While Mr. Trescot is not well known today, the enclosed article next n1onth Ill "Paladins of South Carolina" by James Henry Rice, Jr., printed in The State paper on December 31, sandlapper 1922, stated " .... of all the men treated in this series, Trescot is the THE TOMB OF RA VEN McCLOUD least known in South Carolina. Yet By Poet Laureate Archibald Rutledge he is the only world figure in the lot!" And, after recounting his many activities as plenipotentiary PLANTATION TURNED CHRISTIAN COMMUNE to other countries including China By Laurin Baker and Mexico noted, "This is a record of activity without parallel in diplo­ STAN SMITH: ALL-AMERICAN GENTLEMAN matic annals up to that time. It By Jon Buchan may be open to question if any service since equals it in range and AN UP-COUNTRY WILD FLOWER GARDEN diversity. The Confederate govern­ By Beth Ann Klosky ment could find no use for him. The United States government and many other could not get on without him." interesting articles His writing, "A Few Thoughts on CALENDAR OF EVENTS the Foreign Policy of the United States," is now in the rare book • Art • Theatre • Tours section of the Library of Congress. • Music • Cinema • Fairs Of significance to South Caro­ linians today and visitors to the • Lectures • Dance • Horse Shows State, because it can be seen and

4 Sandlapper Out in Front the New JENSEN INTERCEPTOR III from behind ,,, the palmetfOs ~ When Sandlapper Press published A Piece of the Fox's Hide, a chronicle of the dastardly Pee Dee Bighams, it never occurred to Circa 15,000 us that readers might associate one of our frequent contributors, "If you 're the Kind of Person Columbian John Bigham, with his Who is Particular notorious namesakes. To assure our About the Kind of Car readers that he descended from a respectable branch of the Bigham You Drive, Jensen is For You" family tree, John has cited the contributions of his Scotch-Irish fore­ bears, who include an Associate C:'*

One of the lengthiest articles we have published is this month's "South Carolina History Illustrated" selection concerning the development of Southern nationalism which S84 KING ST. Charleston, S.C. S77-406Q ultimately led to South Carolina's secession. Louise Klugh Rankin, who condensed the material from her Clemson University master's thesis, became interested in the subject because two of the signers of the Ordinance of Seces­ sion-David Lewis Wardlaw and Francis Hugh Wardlaw-are her ancestors.

The article on Mt. Olivet Lutheran Church returns to our pages the writing of Nat Hilborn. Nat, her husband Sam and their four VISIT HISTORIC children com bed the state a few years ago to research Battleground of Freedom, an account of South Carolina's role in the Revo­ FORT lution. The Hilborns traveled 20,000 miles and took more than 2,000 photographs in SUMTER that endeavor. In researching our current NATIONAL MONUMENT CHARLESTON, SOUTH CAROLINA article, however, the Hilborns were able to remain in the Dutch Fork community of ~~~ :-~:'~'~'.'.:::~-:_ . Spring Hill, near Chapin, where they reside and operate an antique shop. A colorful boat trip is your introduction to this famous fort where the Civil War

Tlll•f,l(j,llJ,\'/i began. A guided tour is conducted by t'f';;(lfT//C.111:(l(J.\',\ Cover: Middleton Place Gardens, Charleston. In spite of the music, dancing, feasting and National Park Historians. Only tour boat ~-~ndl a ppe_r. to Ft. Sumter. Leaves Municipal Marina revelry of the Greek Spring Festival at Middle­ several times daily. ton Place, it is not possible for festival-goers to disregard the centuries-old gardens, and the ?//~,p,8~ stableyards which were recently restored. Fort Sumter Tours Photographer Edwin H. Stone was attracted P.O. Box 59 by the beauty of the rustic arched footbridge Charleston, South Carolina which spans the rice mill pond.

May 1973 5 read, is the inscription on the Con­ federate monument in front of the Capitol which is attributed to Mr. Trescot. A large tapestry which Mr. Trescot brought back from China in 1880 hung in the Smithsonian for a number of years. We are lucky enough to have this beautiful piece in our home at present.

John H. Trescot, Jr. East Palatka, Florida

You are cordially invited to inspect our selection of quality marine products and motor homes. Each brand was chosen for excellence in its field, from the Zodiac inflatable craft to the 25-foot Coronet cruiser and including When The Green Dragoon first Winnebago recreational vehicles. We have covered the appeared, there was an American United States and overseas countries to find these products for the leisure edition published by Holt, a Cana­ time of South Carolinians. Write or stop by our facilities in dian edition by McCleod, and a Mount Pleasant. We think you will agree that our array is unequaled British edition by Redman. Soon in the Southeast. You deserve the quality we stand for. after its publication I received a letter from Banastre Tarleton Tinling in Toronto who wrote that (TIMEOUT, INIJ.J his wife had given him the book on his birthday. We began a correspon­ HWY. 17 BYPASS (GEORGETOWN HWY.) P. 0. BOX 767 dence which has lasted until this 803-884-2257 MT. PLEASANT, S. C. 29464 Christmas. In about 1960 Ban wrote that he and his wife were coming down to Myrtle Beach. After I thought that they had arrived, I telephoned him at the designated motel. Virginia and I invited him and his wife to visit us in Greenville, and I told him how to follow the trail of old Banastre. They came to Greenville, and we found both Ban and Joyce delightful people. Joyce was wearing the ring with which Sir Banastre had wedded Susan. They had several mementos of the earlier Tarletons. I was a little surprised at this, for the Tarle­ tons were an ambitious family and most of their possessions went This carefully reproduced map of the province of down by primogeniture: Thomas South Carolina includes all the rivers, creeks, bays, Tarleton, Colonel Thomas Tarleton, in! ets, ferries, churches, towns, and provincial Jr., Admiral Tarleton, Captain boundary lines. Also includes inserts of plans for Tarleton, and finally Mrs. H. M. Charleston, Camden, Beaufort, and Georgetown. Fagan of Gerrards Cross in Middle­ Printed on heavy stock ivory paper similar to that sex. She lrad paintings of Tarletons of the original 18th century map. Suitable for stacked up like cordwood in a spare framing. 25 x 28 inches. room. $5.00 (Add 50 cents for postage and handling.) Ban said that he did not know the Tarleton brother who was his Send order to Sandlapper Press, Inc., P. 0. Box 1668, C~lumbia, S. C. 29202. ancestor. As we talked he said, "My brother and I were invited down to

6 Sandlap per Southampton for the christening of the destroyer Trevelyn. I immediately said, "You are de­ BALCONY scended from Banastre's younger 7 x 12 brother John." "How do you know?" three bedrooms "John married a Miss Trevelyn. and two baths Her people were wealthy, and there was some speculation that her at father would be created Earl Treve­ BEDROOM lyn." 12 x 17 I did not put her name in TGD, and I may have it wrong. John o~...... LIVING finally went bankrupt-he was a DINING shipping magnate-and she hated 12 x 2 t, Banastre for wasting the family T fortune in gambling. Among the things Ban and Joyce brought down was a manuscript of CLO. a diary, commonplace book, and sketchbook kept by Sir Banastre in a condominium KITCHEN dw his retirement at Leintwardine. Ocean Boulevard Virginia says that he gave me a mircofilm copy of the manuscript, between 76& BEDROOM but I have misplaced it. While work­ Aves. North 12 • IJ ing on "Hero or Butcher?" [Sand­ 77 lapper, March 1973] I wrote Ban Myrtle Beach, S.C. LAUNDRY and asked for a Xerox copy of any UTILITY of the sketches that might add to the article, I received the sketch FOYER which I sent you. from LIN. STO . $44,900 ·c r---- ·-1 (also 2/2 from $39,500) 8E DROOM !ll (-:.;,·~ r.. '-;~~ :X- \ I,' /~- -,. JI \,I; 'i2'1 ~ 12 • 12 ii ~ - -,~,,,,,t,·: I. #,";-7~ ~t-1 f ' • • / 111 {,:/~ ,;;.- t . "ij! r-) ':fl'>,.F,,, ;t- I r _\;;~t ;~{ for information [i ~}~,\-'- [: Yh I : rl , ,. OilC~ p.o. box 2101, 4301 n. kings highway k --~--:-'.·--d~ D?JELa>M:.Nr myrtle beach, south carolina 29577 Sir Banastre Tarleton I know that this has never been published and that it is as authentic If you, your daughter, granddaughter, niece or any as any other manuscript 150 years friends of yours would like to learn to old. Virginia had copied his little poem to Susan from the book and MODEL kept it on file .... We have the most complete course in photographic When "Banastre Tarleton: modeling, including the most features ( printed text, Butcher or Hero?" is published, I classroom instruction, practical experience studio am going to send Sandlapper to Ban sessions, and photographs ) at the most and ask him to have another reasonable rates available. ~~I g~ microfilm copy of the manuscript For more information call or write: '"-t:* ' *r1.J and Xerox copies of the sketches P.O. Box 921 ~ ~ for printing and try to work out an Cayce, South Carolina 29033 1iEs ~ (Continued on page 65) PHONE 803 - 796 - 8465

May 1973 7 You may think it's your first home. And and the golfing capital of the world. you may think you're looking for a sec­ You find meticulously-appointed low­ ond home. A retreat. An escape. A lux­ rise Garden Condominiums arranged as urious hideaway. though nature put them there. You find But then you discover Briarcliffe an unusual clubhouse. Swimming pool. West. Tennis. And suddenly your thinking does a You find serenity near the sea. complete about-face. You realize you've You find. Home. been living in your second home all Off Highway 17 at Myrtle Beach in along. Briarcliffe Acres. Because here you've found the last Telephone (803) 272-6126. unspoiled shoreline on the East Coast

We are pledged to the letter and spirit of U.S. policy for the achievement of equal housing opportunities ~ throughout the Nation. We encourage and support an affirmative advertising and marketing program in L:.J which there are no barriers to obtaining housing because of race, color, religion, or national origin. he Greek Spring Festival-a rite cally and intellectually appropriate. the 4th century. The vestments richly endowed with the myth­ Although Middleton is generally worn by the participants are similar Tology and romance of the Hel­ thought of as having an English to those worn in Byzantine times. lenic culture-traditionally is a day ambiance, the symmetry, balance When the service ends, visitors of joy and celebration, of music and proportion of the garden's usually drift off to wander through and dancing, of feasting and con­ design is based on mathematical the gardens and plantation stable viviality. principles which originated in the yards until they are drawn by the On a May Sunday each year, the golden era of ancient Greece. The compulsive beat of the Charleston Greek community of Charleston renowned French landscapist Andre Bouzoukia Band. A more sedate transforms the 18th-century Eng­ Lenotre is credited with a revival of line moves on toward the serving lish gardens at Middleton Place into these principles during the 17th tables where there are charcoal­ a laughter-filled Greek village. The century when Middleton Place was broiled chickens seasoned in the landscaped terraces above the But­ developed. Greek manner with lemon juice, terfly Lakes serve as a village This year's Greek Festival will olive oil and delicate spices; great church. The tearoom becomes a take place May 13, beginning with a bowls of Greek salad and deep cas­ taverna and a village square materi­ high noo.n celebration of the divine seroles of pastichio (the rich maca­ alizes under the ancient live oaks as liturgy led by the Rev. Nicholas C. roni and meat pie in a thick cream everyone gathers to dance, sing, sip Trivelas of the Holy Trinity Greek sauce). Wine accompanies the meal. wines and feast on dishes based on Orthodox Church. The service is a A normal conclusion to such a a culinary origin reaching back to predecessor of the Roman Catholic feast would be a nap in the protec­ 350 B.C. The setting is both estheti- mass and has been observed since tive shade of the live oaks. But

May 1973 9 Above : Religious services below the terraced hill at Butterfly Lake begin the annual Greek Spring Fes­ tival at Middleton Place . Men of Charleston's Greek community, left, prepare traditional Hel­ lenic food for the approximately 1,500 attendees.

bouzoukia music has inspired deeds of daring, valor and passion since the Byzantine era; its modern coun­ terpart revitalizes the sloth and encourages the timid. Lines of dancers-toddlers, teen-agers, par­ ents, grandparents, even great­ grandparents-weave back and forth in the graceful patterns of ancient folk dances. This is a family day, and the dancing bears no age limit. For the neophyte there are "learn­ ers' lines." The Greeks are gracious and patient teachers, encouraging clumsy-footed pupils to try the spirited dances: syrto-kalamatiano, zeybekiko, hassapiko, tsamikos and syrtaki. For the uninitiated, these dances offer a heady challenge, but mas­ tery of the rudiments is within sight when helped along by the lively bouzoukia. This unique instrument dates to the rule of Alexander the Great, when it is believed that it was brought by his troops to the

10 Sandlapper - --

JUST AN OVERHAND SMASH FROM THE SEA.

Tennis is a big part of the enjoyment of living at Queens Grant. An easy stroll to our three,mile, white sand, private beach is part of it. The two 18,hole championship golf courses are, too. And the Beach Club, Golf Club and Tennis complex. With all that recreation right next door to your home, you can see how your Queens Grant residence becomes more valuable to you than just building equity in a house alone. You'll be located on beautiful Hilton Head Island in a residence designed to fit the island mood, with every luxury you'd expect from such a location. Find your perfect second home, in a wide choice of prices, from $39,000 to $62,900. Take a relaxing trip to Hilton Head Island and look over the condominium homes at Queens Grant in Palmetto Dunes. They're smashing. You can write us at Palmetto Dunes, P.O. Box 5628, Hilton Head Island, South Carolina 29928. Or call (803) 785,2141.

At Palmetto Dunes. The inexpensive way to live expensively. A pretty spectator, above, watches the traditional Greek dances, above center. Patient, gracious teachers, the Greeks are more than willing to teach clumsy-footed pupils the spirited folk dances.

The Rev. Nicholas C. Trivelas of the Holy Trinity Greek Orthodox Church,who will lead the divine lit­ urgy celebration, enjoys the festi­ val's culinary products picnic-style.

12 Sand lap per Near East from India. The modern version of the gourd-shaped stringed instrument is a cross be­ tween a mandolin and a guitar. In the last decade bouzoukia music has captured the ears of the world. The Charleston Bouzoukia Band, a non-profit organization of profes­ sional men and women who are known throughout the Southeast for their skilled and lively perfor­ mances, plays each year at the Greek Spring Festival and contrib­ utes to local appreciation of this music. For those who work up a second appetite there is a taverna. Greek culinary prowess seems to have no end; here are such delicacies as grape leaves wrapped around spicy meat fillings, and baklava, the irre­ sistible sweet made from paper-thin layers of pastry and laden with nuts, spices and honey. Finally a raffle is announced, the winner to receive a ticket to Greece. Someone laughs and re­ marks that the ticket goes only one way, and another replies: "Who cares, if Greece is always like this!"

Jean May is a free-lance writer from Charleston.

Above: A lass operates a loom at Middleton's Plantation stableyards. Right: Celebration of the divine liturgy beside Butterfly Lake at Middleton Place begins the festival.

May 1973 13 An exciting new and proven material to resist wind and tide.

Southern Wood Piedmont Company

- Headquartersc P. 0 . Box 5447, Spartanburg, S. C. 29301 ~o· 1 · .A.LL s :r: c;.:::s::..A.. :hi.I: s ~E~E ~0·1·0~:r:o~s By John Bigham

he tremendous success of Katharine S. Boling's A Piece of Tthe Fox's Hide, published late last year and featuring the infamous Bighams of Pamplico, has created somewhat of a problem for other Bighams in South Carolina. Since the surname is not as commonplace as Smith and Jones, massive publici­ ty given the now-extinct Pamplico Bighams has required less-well­ known Bighams in the state to deny vehemently any kinship with the family which Mrs. Boling brilliantly researched and described in her book. Somewhere along the way, and rather unfortunately, some of my friends and acquaintances re­ ceived the impression that all Big­ hams in South Carolina just have to be related. I am laboring to correct - Ph o t o reproduction by Ri chard T aylor that assumption. Some "good" Bighams, clockwise from lower left: James Whyte Bigham, It might be of relevance to point daughter Anna Agnes, son John (the author's father) and wife Mary Isabella. out that I bought one of the first copies of A Piece of the Fox's Hide, read it with both pleasure and a bit Boling's fine book; rather, it is an War Between the States began, of horror, wrote the author a letter effort to show that not all Bighams Grandpa volunteered for an outfit of congratulations and since have were, or are, vicious and unscrupu­ known as the Pickens Guards of been passing the book along to my lous. There follows the saga of my Rocky Creek. He never rose above relatives. grandfather, James Whyte Bigham, the rank of private, never received a What really struck me forcefully who lived out his life in and near medal or pension, marched and was promotional material which the Wellridge section of Chester countermarched across half the stated that "for five generations the County, was not acquainted with South, was wounded twice in the Bighams were noted for their su­ his contemporary Sen. L. S. Bigham Battle of Atlanta, and finally ended perior intelligence and power-and of Pamplico, knew nothing of other up in a Northern prison. His battle their lack of scruples. What a Big­ members of the family and their record shows action in Charleston, ham wanted he took, in utter defi­ nefarious activities, was possessed Wilmington, the Vicksburg cam­ ance of the law." And other adver­ with scruples, and never generated paign, Atlanta, Dalton, Franklin tising matter said, in describing the any family history which could be and Nashville. Never to the end of book, "In this true epic account, termed "chilling." And that holds his days did he consider himself a Katharine Boling unravels the chil­ true for all his descendants. hero, but was always rather reluc­ ling history of the most notorious Grandpa Bigham, as we children tant to discuss his war experiences. family South Carolina has ever always called him, first saw the The old soldier always explained, known." After considerable reflec­ light of day on May 29, 1838, in "It is something I do not like to tion I decided to make a case, not the Steele Creek section of Meck­ talk about, and would like to for­ for all the Bighams in the state or lenburg County, North Carolina. get." nation (there is really a large num­ His father died a year or two later My grandfather endured the long ber of them), but for my own im­ and his widowed mother brought fight with honor, fought his most mediate family. By no means is my him to Chester County to live with savage battle at Franklin, earned a brief story a rebuttal to Mrs. members of her family. When the momentary reputation for bravery

May 1973 15 Banks ...

Community by community ... city by city . .. county by county . . . banks bring it all together in South Carolina. bringing They bring new and diversified industry to help our state grow .. . new neighborhoods together . . . new cars to families. Growing, progressive, and innovative, banks are much more than a place to cash a check or make a savings deposit. Each service a bank offers interacts it together!·- to help you and South Carolina in dozens of ways. Stop by your bank today.

Let a bank bring something together for you ! there by charging over the Yankee Reformed Presbyterian Church) fathers on Sept. 4, 1920. Thus he breastworks with two comrades, during the last years of the old sol­ was spared all the news accounts of and was captured along with dier's life. The data is informally re­ what happened at Pamplico four 11,000 others at Nashville in the corded in pencil on the front and months later. closing days of December 1864. back of an empty envelope bearing In my possession and greatly Transported to Camp Chase at a Columbia postmark of July 8, valued is a family account written Columbus, Ohio, he spent some six 1918. It is a priceless item in the by Grandma Bigham after her hus­ months in harrowing imprisonment. somewhat limited supply of Bigham band's death. The greater part of it Grandpa used to tell, on one of history in my possession. Grandpa's concerns her people and ancestors. those rare occasions he agreed to only daughter, the late Mrs. J. J. But there is a timely and interesting ~ i talk about his experiences, that (Anna) McDaniel of Blackstock, paragraph which reads: "Now for three times while in prison he swap­ was also instrumental in her life­ myself. I married James Whyte ped his supper for postage; three time in preserving some of the story Bigham February 1, 1872. Lived times he wrote to the folks at home of her father's participation in the happily on a farm for a long time. but the letters were never received. war. Once she told me he often Mr. B. began to fail in health, rent­ E His mother and others could only wondered if his gun had killed a ed out the farm, bought a home in speculate that he had been killed in man, and this preyed on his mind in Chester, lived there five years, sold the Battle of Atlanta or captured in his latter days. the home there. We got to the place Hood's ill-fated invasion of Tennes­ Grandpa married a redhead where we could not live by our­ see following the loss of Atlanta. named Mary Isabella Mills in 1872 selves. Our children had us to move Released from prison in June and began to prosper to a degree as down to J. J. McDaniels to be with 1865, Grandpa by devious means a farmer and a man of enterprise our daughter, Anna. We lived nearly found his way back home. The and good common sense. A diary forty nine years together. He died journey by train, boat, horseback maintained by my father as a teen­ September 4, 1920 and I am here and on foot required 12 days. He ager in the 1890s indicates grandpa yet, waiting, waiting, waiting ...." walked into the yard of the old was busy year-round. When not Grandma Bigham was destined to homeplace but at first was not rec­ otherwise hindered, he attended wait for three years. She died in ognized by his mother. He had political picnics, prohibition rallies 1923 at the ripe old age of 87. grown a beard and apparently did and multiple religious services, and A story has been handed down in not resemble the boy she had sent he inevitably went to town (Ches­ my family which leads one to con­ off to war a few years earlier. ter) once or twice a week. clude that the Chester Bighams had Grandpa Bigham, though entirely A ruling elder in the Hopewell heard something about the Pam­ different in nature from his con­ Church, he led the congregational plico Bighams before the murders temporary Bighams at Pamplico, singing for more than 40 years. occurred. It seems that one day a made no bones of the fact he never Since no musical instrument was salesman {they were called "drum­ admired the Yankees. His regard for available, Grandpa relied on a tun­ mers" in those times) came by my them, or lack of it, was further ing fork. He used a rich mellow grandparents' home. When he heard lowered by the treatment he re­ voice which once emitted a Rebel that Grandma's name was Bigham, ceived as a prisoner. He recalled yell to line out the old Psalms from his curiosity was aroused and he that he nearly starved to death, and Sabbath to Sabbath. It is rather asked her if she and her people that thousands of his fellow cap­ curious in this modern day that were related to the Bighams of tives died in the prison camp. It Grandpa never sang a hymn. The Florence County. She replied in the must be admitted as well that Associate Reformed Presbyterians negative. "You had better be glad," Grandpa never thought well of Gen. of his day, holding fast to their the salesman confided, "because John B. Hood, in whose army he Scotch-Irish traditions and beliefs, that's a rough crowd down there." served toward the end of the war. permitted only metrical versions of Mrs. Boling picked the right On the other hand, he spoke of the Psalms to be used in worship. I Bighams to write about, for indeed Joseph E. Johnston and P. G. T. suppose that when Grandpa and his those of Pamplico were notorious. Beauregard with admiration. He family attended nearby Pleasant The Bighams in the Wellridge sec­ also had a kind word for Gen. Grove Presbyterian Church, because tion of Chester County were nei­ Capers, under whom he fought at Hopewell was not having Sabbath ther exciting nor sensational. Honor Atlanta. services, they either kept their and faith and respect for others I have noted that grandpa never mouths shut during the singing or were ingrained in them. Nothing wanted to talk about his experi­ else persuaded the ordinary Pres­ could make their story blood­ ences in the war. The facts about byterians to substitute Psalms for curdling or chilling. his military career were drawn from hymns. him by my late father (a distin­ Grandpa Bigham lived a long and John Bigham is a free-lance writer guished minister in the Associate useful life and was gathered to his from Columbia.

May 1973 17 estled beneath the foothills of with France's promotion of a race in the late 1950s when NASCAR the Appalachian Mountains in a at Greenville-Pickens. had a division for convertibles only. Ncorner of Pickens County, A. H. "Pete" Blackwell, current Curtis Turner, now a member of Greenville-Pickens Speedway barely president and owner of the speed­ the Stock Car Hall of Fame, was in makes a mark on the map. Called way, took over management of the the lead of the race. Curtis, leading "G-P," "the bullring," "the track" track in 1956. Blackwell, who has the field, could bearly hear the and a variety of other nicknames, it operated weekly races approxi­ announcer and understood him to was built in 1946 as a combination mately 7 months a year for 1 7 say he was in second place. That track for both horse and automo­ years, was asked to cite the single misunderstanding is still being bile races. best race ever run on the track. He discussed among those lucky The first man to promote an replied without hesitation, "It was enough to see the race. Blackwell automobile race at the half-mile Oct. 28, 1961, and Junior Johnson explained: "Suddenly he was going track was none other than Bill won it." His quick reply was ques­ like a man possessed. Back in those France, the mentor of. ,NASCAR tioned. "I remember it very well," days we didn't have a fence or a racing, under whose leadership affirmed Blackwell. "Junior won retaining wall, just a big dirt bank stock car racing became a major and Joe Weatherly finished second around the track. Curtis was going spectator sport. France, as acting with both back tires blown. We had so fast he was riding on top of that president of NASCAR, promoted quite a field of drivers for that race, bank all the way through the turns, the organization, convinced mem­ with people like Johnson, and he lapped every other car in the bers to join and made a package so Weatherly, Fireball Roberts, Buck race." desirable that individual race track Baker, Cotton Owens and David Greenville-Pickens Speedway has promoters joined the sanction as Pearson. They really put on a been called the place where things well. It is said that success became a show." happen, and Blackwell has helped reality for NASCAR and it became Perhaps the greatest individual some of them become reality. He a force among the world's race­ show ever displayed at Greenville­ was the man who first envisioned sanctioning bodies simultaneous Pickens Speedway took place back the Shrine Race, a stock car race

18 Sand lap per Sports

from which all proceeds go to the Blackwell has definite ideas of track. At that time there were only Greenville Shriners' Hospital for what it takes to win races: "A win­ two tracks in the N ASCAR family Crippled Children. Last year Shrine ning race driver is a daring sort of which were dirt and running Grand Races held at approximately five person but one who also is real National races. In selecting the pav­ different tracks netted more than skillful. In all the years I've watch­ ing material Blackwell was responsi­ $22,000 for the hospital. ed racing, I've found that it's not ble for another first at the Green- Blackwell also worked out the just the driver with guts who wins arrangements that enabled Green­ races, but the one who has driving ville-Pickens Speedway to become skill as well. There are a lot of the site of the only start-to-finish drivers who have cars equal to the NASCAR Grand National race to winning car in the race, but they be televised nationally. He still don't win. A lot of drivers can take chuckles at the phone calls that a fourth- or fifth-place car and win came into the track office while the the race. David Pearson is such a race was on television: "We had a driver. He doesn't have to have the group call from Kentucky who fastest car or the car with superior were watching from a bar. The equipment, but uses his skill to get whole bunch must have been in around the track quicker than any­ pretty bad shape. I was watching one else." (Pearson, the "Gray the race through the window when Fox" of NASCAR Grand National they called and wanted to know racing circles, joined NASCAR rac­ who had won. I tried to explain to ing when Pete Blackwell and them that the race was live, but brothers Tom and Louis started they wouldn't listen. Finally, I had running the Greenville-Pickens to hold the phone out the window track under the NASCAR banner.) to let them hear the cars. When the In 1970 the Blackwells decided idea got through, they took it pret­ to switch from a dirt to an asphalt ty well. It seemed they had a bet on the race and wanted to settle up since one of the participants had to leave."

Opposite page: Three racers come out of the fourth turn and down the front stretch at Greenville-Pickens Speedway. Driver James Hylton's pit crew, above, works hastily but methodically to get his car back into a race. David Pearson, left, and Richard Petty, top, are among the racing greats who have tried the G-P track.

May 1973 19 A mechanic displays a lap board for David Pearson in the 1970 Grand National Race at G-P . As his crew services his Holman-Moody Ford, below, Pearson waits impatiently in the driver's seat.

ville track. He had read in a trade magazine that the Johns-Manville Co. was developing an asphalt with asbestos fibers for jet runways. When Blackwell contacted the company, they admitted to him that they had never thought about using it for race tracks. But two engineers came down from Pennsyl­ vania, discussed the idea, and the plan went forward. Now, after three years' use, there is not a crack in the G-P surface. "We have had driveshafts come out of cars and dig into the pavement, but after a week or so the split will bond itself back solid," said Blackwell. "We have had fires on it, gas spills, and a lot of other things happen, but nothing has really bothered it yet." Greenville-Pickens Speedway, the place where things happen. NASCAR, the seemingly farfetched dream of Bill France, became sol­ vent at the half-mile oval. The great names of racing have all raced there.

Reese Fant is a sports writer for the Greenville Piedmont.

20 Sandlapper - - ---

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CHILDREN'S LITERATURE

FROM SANDLAPPER PRESS1 INC.

TURNING THE WORLD UPSIDE DOWN (William THE NA ME GAME (Claud e and Irene Ne uffer) . A and Patricia Willimon). A juvenile biography of Sarah fascinating series of stories tracing the origins of and Angelina Grimke, daughters of a prominent quaint names given to South Carolina places. Charleston family whose abolitionist and women 's Amusingly enli ve ned by cartoon crea tions of Bob suffrage activities made them social pariahs. Ages 12 and Faith Nan ce. Grades 4 and up. $3.95. up. $4.95. THE WHANG DOODLE: FOLK TALES FROM THE THE SECRET OF TELFAIR INN (Idella Bodie). A CAROLINAS (Jean Cothran). A coll ection of folk tale of mystery and suspense set among the legends tal es from a wid e and vari ed range of ethnic origi ns, of Aiken, South Carolina. Two curious children make including Cherokee and Catawba Indians, Gull ahs amazing discoveries during an unforgettable summer. and mountaineers. Ages l 0-14. $3.95. Ages 10-14. $3.95. THE MYSTERY OF THE PIRATE 'S TR EASURE SURGEON, TRADER, INDIAN CHIEF (William 0 . (Idella Bodie). Dusty attics, dangerous rooftops, and Steele). The intriguing story of one of Carolina's old cemeteri es provide clues for adventurous young­ early settlers, Henry Woodward . His adventures once sters intent upon finding a forgotten treasure hidden again prove that truth is stranger than fi ction. Ages in histori c Charl eston by pirate Stede Bonnet . Ages 10-14. $4.50. 10-14. $3.95 .

LORD OF THE CONGAREE (William H. Willimon). The dramatic story of Wade Hampton , one of South Carolina's most illustrious and enlightened heroes. sandlapper press, inc. Exciting reading for American youngsters. Ages 11 P. 0. Box 1668, Columbia, S.C. 29202 up. $4.50. Avai Iable from better bookstores or use the enclosed order form

------·------Profile young Dutch sailor in the pits of deep agony launched Margot S. AFreudenberg on a mercy mis- sion in 1958. As far as anybody in Charleston knows, more than a dozen years later the sailor is alive MARGOT FREUDENBERG and well. But Mrs. Freudenberg is still playing South Carolina Samari­ tan and is, if anything, busier and CAN OFFER AID happier than ever. One might say it was Adolf Hit­ IN 37 LANGUAGES ler who unknowingly propelled Mrs. Freudenberg into becoming the Port City's unpaid and unof­ ficial ambassador extraordinaire to By Tom Hamrick Babel. Had it not been for the Nazi take-over in Germany in the late 1930s, as many as 1,000 non-Eng­ lish-speaking travelers a year passing through or near the coastal city nowadays might be lacking an emis­ sary to assist them in sickness or in shopping, or perhaps in finding the way back to a vessel wharfed here after they have ridden the wrong bus the long wrong way. Today Mrs. Freudenberg heads up what may well be America's only volun­ teer corps of 77 variously skilled in­ terpreters of 37 languages. They pledge willingly to rouse themselves from bed at 3 a.m.-if required-to respond without remuneration to a call for aid from any wayfarer whose command of English has not progressed beyond "Please," "Thank you" and "Where is the rest room?" The establishment of Mrs. Freu­ denberg's foreign language interpre­ ters' organization was born not long after that moment in 1958 when a troubled physician telephoned her in desperation from a Charleston hospital. Minutes earlier an ailing sailor from a Netherlands freighter tied to a Charleston dock had been ambulanced to me'dical aid after his shipmates noted that he was seri­ ously ill. But at the hospital, wor­ ried physicians found that even the most talented men of medicine could not bridge a gap which need­ ed immediate passage. The critically ill seaman, whose wealth of words ,limited him to the confines of Hol­ land, found himself unable to trans­ late his complaint to a bevy of

May.1973 23 physicians who were becoming in­ have thought of establishing a lan­ are languages and dialects many creasingly concerned that they guage bureau," one prominent Charlestonians never dreamed exist; could have a tragedy in the making. businessman reflected. "But until for example, Assamese and Mace­ Distinctly pronounced Dutch, the Margot Freudenberg came along, donian. "Anymore, we don't need best of sign language and the most nobody had the idea-or maybe someone familiar with French, painful of moans only increased the they had the idea but not the ener­ German or Spanish," according to barrier. gy to carry it through." Mrs. Freudenberg. "We've got a full Somebody remembered Mrs. Slowly, she began amassing a roster." Freudenberg, who at 30 had fled to compilation of interpreters in the Some of her interpreters speak the United States from her native city, and the mission, with Mrs. several languages. The champion is Hannover in north Germany. If she Freudenberg as its chairman, is now probably Paul M. Harnick, a native could speak German, her caller rea­ one of the most respected projects Czech who came to the United soned, should she not also be able of the Charleston Trident Chamber States in 1949 and operated a to speak Dutch? For Mrs. Freuden­ of Commerce. Some of her recruits three-minute car wash in Charleston berg, it did not work out that way. were friends and acquaintances. until he sold out and retired in the But as a woman whom friends des­ Others were recommended by summer of 1972; he grinned and cribe as "having a heart as wide as sympathetic Charlestonians who conceded that Mrs. Freudenberg the Cooper River," Mrs. Freuden­ wanted to assist. Total strangers has not let him retire from her lin­ berg did what acquaintances would were also corralled into helping. "I guists list. Harnick is listed five have expected of her. She put out still listen wherever I go, and if I times on the roster, for Czechoslo­ an SOS, and telephone calls spurred hear someone speaking with an ac­ vakian, Serbo-Croatian, Russian, radio stations locally into acting as cent on King Street, or who seems Polish and Ukranian. "Helping out emergency messengers to a wide familiar with some other language, I gives you a wonderful feeling," audience. But, recognizing that no simply go up to him and ask," she Hamick claimed. His clients have one familiar with Dutch might be said. Most of the persons she but­ ranged from someone who lost tuned in at that precise second, she tonholed "were immediately happy something and contacted the police also began dialing other points and to help." ("Anyway," said one en­ to a Czech trader who came to persons around Charleston in an ex­ listee, "who can tum down that Charleston with plenty of dollars pedited effort to find a translator. kind of charm, personality and per­ but very little English. On one oc­ Finally she located a Dutchman suasion?") Her list of interpreters is casion, called to assist in untangling from Amsterdam who worked with composed of students, physicians, the origin of a collision between an a shipping line, and he rushed out attorneys, housewives, business­ English vessel and a Yugoslavian to the hospital. Through his assis­ men, artists, technicians, clergy­ freighter, Harnick helped two dif­ tance, physicians were able to de­ men-even a chief of police who ferent worlds understand one an­ termine that their patient had a rare can translate in Indonesian, if the other. neuromuscular disease. Had the occasion requires. Charleston's four Anyone who needs aid in trans­ language chasm not been bridged, senior colleges, which attract stu­ lating Chinese is in good hands in precious time could have been dents from all points of the com­ Charleston. There are six such ex­ lost-possibly a life as well. pass, provide rich areas of recruit­ perts on Mrs. Freudenberg's list, in­ With the young alien progressing ment. cluding such obviously anglicized toward recovery, Mrs. Freudenberg Dissemination of the interpreters aides as Mrs. Ellen Lee Moody and gave anxious pause to the plight of list by the chamber of commerce is Mrs. Panny Wahlfeldt. The latter is others who might also face insur­ a closely supervised effort, general­ also cited as the person to dial mountable handicaps when they ly limited to those local persons, when there is a demand for help sought aid from ears which listened agencies and hospitals most likely with Taiwanese. attentively but were deaf to com­ to require official aid at a moment's Mrs. Freudenberg is twice on the prehension. "At the time, Charles­ notice. Some of the 2,000 copies of list, once for a language she does ton was beginning to become in­ the compilation, updated annually, not speak. She handles her native volved in increased traffic at the also go into the hands of such ad­ German with proficiency, but she is port and its tourism business was dressees as the FBI, the post office also cited as a translater for He­ booming," she recalled, and many and the State Ports Authority, the brew; as a prominent member of of the foreigners coming to these latter particularly because it is play­ the Jewish community in the Port shores for the first time had no ing host to a rapidly expanding City, she is a ready contact with more familiarity with the English clientele. local residents who are handy with language than was sketchingly of­ The list runs the linguistic gamut that Middle Eastern tongue. fered in bilingual guides. from A to V-Arabic, with three in­ Not all of the interpreters are "You would think somebody in terpreters, to Vietnamese, with two dictionary affluent in the alien a transient town like this would experts. Sandwiched between them tongues they offer to solve. In some

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® Registered Mark of Blue Cross Association ®' Registered Mark of National Association of Blue Shield Plans by telephone, the overriding intent of the linguists list is the unforeseen emergency, Mrs. Freudenberg said. Because there is a host of service­ men on the local scene, along with a substantial number of foreign brides, "you never know when a language expert is going to be need­ ed in a hurry in a life-or-death call." Sudden illness or a severe automo­ bile accident, when an interpreter is needed to aid a physician in compil­ ing his diagnosis, is what it is really all about. "Then you have to have somebody who can tell a doctor where it hurts," she said. Sometimes, however, less dra­ matic moments can be nonetheless critical. • Ten Turkish travelers in Charles­ ton found themselves near arrest on shoplifting charges when they-in accord with Eurasian habit-carried material from store counter into outside sunlight without seeking permission. Into the breech leaped a onetime Greek national, the late -All photos by Bill Bugge! T. V. Varras, who not only spared the Turks a trip to the Sea City Mrs. Margot S. Freudenberg coordinates a network of 77 language experts in Charleston. The organization, which she began in 1958, has solved countless hoosegow, but afterwards hosted language problems, ranging in nature from the critical to the commonplace. them in his own home in a rare dis­ play of Greco-Turkish camaraderie. instances, their skills are limited to Freudenberg list in his hands when • An ailing Chinese visitor was ad­ the "common variety" of the lan­ a foreign seaman with a problem he vised by Mrs. Panny Wahlfeldt that guage, "enough to understand the could not talk about approached examination at a Charleston hospi­ basics and pass on what they hear him late one night. Whatever lan­ tal indicated he was suffering acute­ in good English," Mrs. Freudenberg guage the visitor was speaking, it ly with tuberculosis. noted. was not registering with anybody • A. P. Stallings, a Charleston An ex-Marine major, Chief of within earshot at Charleston's underwriter in his mid-30s whom Police John F. Conroy, had been Coney Island. But the chief did Mrs. Freudenberg described as taught Indonesian by the military know one thing for certain: The "never, never telling you he's busy before he was assigned in 1964 as young man had a complaint, and when we tell him he is needed," senior leatherneck with the U. S. hand signals were only fanning thin spent several days serving as inter­ Military Technical Assistance air. preter when three fishing boats Group in Indonesia. He does not Through contact with Mrs. Freu­ crowded with refugees fleeing Cas­ pretend he can stand toe-to-toe denberg, an interpreter arranged to tro's Cuba came into Charleston with an Indonesian and argue. But channel the sailor back onto a waters. The 20 persons aboard left he can get by, and for routine inter­ Charleston-bound bus and whisked the city well clothed-"there was pretive purposes, Mrs. Freudenberg him down to a ship berth down­ even a baby carriage for an infant," considers this may well be enough. town on Columbus Street. That's Mrs. Freudenberg remembered­ The list even takes into account where he wanted to go in the first after Stallings spurred members of the individual who talks only with place before someone trying to be his church congregation into virtu­ 10 fingers. In that event, Mrs. Rod­ helpful directed him toward the ally taking the shirts off their backs ney Sanders, a housewife, is ready wrong bus, hours earlier, when he to warm the escapees. to spring to the fore in serving a stood perplexed on a street comer. • When groups of non-English­ deaf-mute. Although interpreters assist in a speaking aliens are in Charleston, The chief of police at Folly variety of routine missions, such as their unpaid guides are drawn from Beach breathed easier with the providing aid to a foreign shopper the same list. It is not unusual for

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Television Station of the Year Awarded by S. C. Broadcasters Association

" WCSC-TV5 Charleston, S. C. the chamber of commerce to re­ Here's some inflation you'll like ... ceive thank-you mail later, hailing this assistance as the only personal­ THE ized greeting the visitors received NATIONAL during their stays on American soil. Because so few of the interpre­ CAR RENTAL ters know one another, except as a typed reference in the mimeograph­ 26 HOUR DAY ed directory, Mrs. Freudenberg ini­ tiated an annual party so they IN MYRTLE BEACH AND CHARLESTON ... could become acquainted. But even vve give you two extra hours of the most precious that is profitless for the volunteers; thing in the world-TIME! When you rent a car from what they eat and drink they bring us, you're allowed two extra hours on the day you and offer on a common table. check in. So avoid the check-in rush by reserving A happy woman given to per­ your next car from the Time Stretchers. That's petual motion, Mrs. Freudenberg is us ... the same ones who give you S&H Green regarded as one of the jeweled as­ Stamps with every rental. sets of the Vince Moseley Diag­ nostic and Evaluation Clinic in Charleston. A physical therapist since her early years, she most par­ ticularly enjoys working with re­ tarded children. She originally came to Charleston as a refugee to share the Palmetto State with her sister, We feature General Motors cars the late Mrs. Hilda Rothschild, who MYRTLE BEACH CHARLESTON had preceded her to Greenville. But 2300 N. KINGS HWY. MUNICIPAL AIRPORT Margot Freudenberg fell in love 448-2243 744-4278 with Charleston and never moved away. Although she has returned to Europe several times, she can never bring herself to cross into Germany. "The memories are too deep." sandlapper Sandlapper Bookstore Aiken Office Supply Nonetheless, any German trav­ & Gallery, Inc. & Books eler passing through Charleston is corner 400 W. Main Street 106 Park Avenue, S. W. Lexington Aiken welcomed to her services as a lan­ guage assistant. Most recently, four Sandlapper Corner offers The Fair, Inc. Ye 'Ole Book Shoppe German seamen, severely injured in you a wealth of South· 507 E. St. John Street 140 Cashua Street Spartanburg Darlington an automobile accident which re­ Caroliniana-set aside quired extended recuperation, re­ for your convenience. Fant's Book Store The Book Nook ceived gifts and visitations from her Current and back issues 114 Whitner Street U. S. 441 Anderson Sumter almost daily at a Charleston hospi­ of Sandlapper Magazine, tal. She was even their voluntary Palmetto Square as well as all books H & S Book House contact with friends and relatives published by Sandlapper F1orence Mall 1440 Main Street Florence Columbia on the far side of the Atlantic. But Press, Inc., are available through no fault of hers the story at the following local The Hammock Shop The Commissary Pawleys Island Pleasant Hill Road ended on a "ships that pass in the stores. Browse through Dillon night" note. "As the Germans were these interesting Nash's Bookstore returning home by sea, we didn't collections and make Wine Street at Park The Book Stall Mullins know it but the mother of one of selections to enrich Barefoot Traders Highway 17, North them was simultaneously crossing your personal library. The Open Book Windy Hill Section Bell Tower Mall by ship to visit them here," Mrs. North Myrtle Beach, S. C. Greenville Freudenberg reported. Woodsedge Gift Shop The Creek House 121 Woodlawn Street Murrell's Inlet, S. C. Lt. Col. USA (Ret.) Tom Hamrick Laurens is a free-lance writer from Mount Pleasant.

28 Sand lap per The first great island book was Robinson Crusoe. The second is ours. The first one was a classic tale of romance and adventure on It'll tell you about our fine tennis center, with 26 superb a beautiful, runaway island set in a vast blue sea. courts, where the CBS Tennis Classic is held and Stan Smith, So is the second. our touring pro, plays. The main difference is that our book is free through the It'll tell you about Harbour Town, our new boating and mail. ~ sailing community, a miniature It's the 64-page Vacation Guide - harbor world so alive with colorful to Sea Pines Plantation, on Hilton little boutiques and galleries and a Head Island, S.C. And for sheer waterfront cafe, that it might have sweep, action and honesty, we'll sprung from an old world story hold it up to Robinson Crusoe any book. day. Just about all that's missing It'll tell you about all our other from ours is a shipwreck and un- sunny island sorceries - great friendly natives. sailing and boating, bicycling, skeet Our book will tell you about the and trap shooting, fantastic fishing, .. cool, mysterious forest heart of our our nationally known Youth island-the 572-acre Sea Pines Recreation Program. Forest Preserve. And about our oceanfront Hilton It'll tell you about the superb ., Head Inn, and our luxurious villas golf on our three 18-hole champion- 1., and homes. And about the low ship courses. One course is so challenging it's the home of country cuisine we serve. the prestigious Sea Pines Heritage Golf Classic. The other Our Vacation Guide is quite a book. It sells for $1.00 on the two are so beautiful you'll almost forget to play golf. Almost. island, but you can get it free by sending us the coupon below.

r------,Please send me Sea Pines Plantation's Vacation Guide I for 1973. I NAME I ADDRESS ______I I CITY STATE ZIP ___ I I isEA PINES PLANTATION I Box 5183-Bll, Hilton Head Island, S.C. 29928. I I I THE FOREST AND YOU, NO. 9 Wilderness areas: how much is enough?

The beauty of America has been the subject Some of the harvested trees of song and verse. And well it should be. This are made into paper. Some magnificent land is blessed with majestic Alpine end up as toys and furniture peaks, breath-taking valleys, crystalline deserts and desks and lamps-or one of stretching endlessly to the horizon, hot springs. the other 5,000 products made geysers, waterfalls-sights and natural from wood. phenomena unsurpassed anywhere on earth. So forests managed And much of this land, many of our most under the multiple use beautiful and unique areas, has been set concept provide needed lumber and aside forever as Wilderness. wood fiber for people on a never The Wilderness Act of 1964 defines ending cycle. But they also provide Wilderness as " ... an area where the recreation: picnicking, fishing, earth and its community of life are camping, sightseeing, hunting, untrammeled by man, where man himself hiking, boating, swimming. Many is a visitor who does not remain ... an area managed forests have roads which of undeveloped federal land retaining its allow easy access for vehicles. And many primeval character and influence without have developed recreation areas: permanent improvements of human habitation." picnicking and camping sites. Beaches. Generally, there are no roads in Wilderness Countless millions reach and enjoy the areas. No cabins, except a few emergency thousands of recreation areas in managed shelters. No lodges. No bridges, picnic tables, forests every year. On the other hand, piped water or other conveniences. No mechanized because of lack of access and recreational vehicles may enter. Wilderness areas are to be left facilities, very few can actually "experience" a as nature made them. Wilderness area. Extent of Wilderness Forests, Jobs and Taxes Georgia-Pacific believes that some land of particular In addition to many other benefits, forests interest or picturesque beauty should be set aside as managed under the multiple use concept Wilderness. But there is a question as to how much land-how provide jobs. Employment derived from many square miles of our limited land reserve should be the forest products industry in the set aside forever? And what type of land should be included? United States exceeds 1.75 million And, in forested areas, how many millions of trees should people with an annual payroll of be left unprotected against Nature's powerful destructive over $12.5 billion. This work forces: fire, insects, disease, and windstorm. force comprises approximately Today, the National Wilderness Preservation System 8.3 percent of all people includes over 10 million acres. Another 103 million acres of employed by manufacturing primitive and unroaded federal industries in the United States. lands are being evaluated for Several million additional people Wilderness designation. earn their livelihood supplying Some groups are pushing for services and products to the forest as much as 120 million acres of products industry. What's more, Wilderness Wilderness. This would comprise areas provide virtually no revenue or tax dollars. an area larger than the states Some Wilderness areas are necessary even if most of us can of Vermont, New Hampshire, only enjoy them from a distance. We must leave places of Maine, Massachusetts, solitude, of unique natural beauty for future generations to (!'!':"."- Rhode Island, Connecticut, come. But before more land is locked up, taken off the tax rolls, L ------. '"l. k~)NN \ New York, Pennsylvania, and and designated as Wilderness, we should first consider all ( ") New Jersey combined. variables. Before an area is set aside, we should ask ourselves PA.. \ Much of this proposed Wilderness is if that same land would not be more valuable as a multiple use productive timberland. Some of the world's most area. If it might not be more valuable with roads that people can valuable forests are in the Pacific Northwest. use to enter and enjoy the area. Those same roads could also help Here, 2.8 million acres are already in the prevent and fight forest fires. We should also ask if the area can Wilderness system. Another 7.2 million acres are provide wood and wood fiber for homes, paper, packaging, under consideration for the kind of management that would furniture, and a hundred other necessities. If it can provide prohibit potential productivity and general public enjoyment. all these things, including diverse recreational opportunities, Roughly one-third of the nation's softwood lumber is derived it may be far more valuable as a forest managed under the from government lands. Locking up any appreciable amount multiple use concept than as a single use Wilderness area. of this productive land could wreak havoc in meeting our These are just a few of the variables we should consider housing and recreational needs, and raise the price of timber before committing many more millions of acres to the Wilderness and forest products. concept. Hopefully, an optimum land-use balance will become a Is there an alternative to setting aside much of our reality in the near future. We need Wilderness areas. No one valuable forests as Wilderness? Yes. Forests managed under could possibly deny that. But we also need wood and recreational the multiple-use concept. areas. No one could possibly deny that either. .. Multiple Use FREE LITERATURE/FREE LOAN FILM "The Story of Human Enterprise," a three-time film festival Multiple use means use of lands for recreation (including award winner, tells about tree farming and what Georgia-Pacific the Wilderness experience), grazing, water, power is doing to protect the environment. This 28 minute, 16mm and timber harvest. color film, is ideal for all ages. Available on temporary free In forests managed under the multiple use concept, certain loan basis to schools and groups. 1 tree areas are harvested either individually or in tracts. Then ' The Forest and You" poster kit for teachers and conservation foresters quickly replant harvested areas. Some of the harvested groups shows how Georgia-Pacific foresters are improving the forests. trees are converted into plywood and lumber for homes. Included are free colorful posters and a list of endangered species. Our nation has set as a necessary goal the construction First kit free, additional kits 50 cents each while supply lasts. of 26 million new housing units in the decade ending Write: Georgia-Pacific Educational Library, Dept. 4-A, in 1978. Most of these homes will be built with wood. 900 S. W. Fifth Ave., Portland, Oregon 97204. Georgia-Pacific Growing Forests Forever ------

,II

Miss Kat's Amaryllises A CATHEDRAL OF COLOR AT CAMERON By David D. Buyck Jr.

or many years the beautiful little the town's several industries-the ing numbers of flower fanciers to town of Cameron was the happy pecan and soybean processing Mrs. Bair's nursery. Fbeneficiary of large numbers of plants, the mattress factory or the In an area where the azalea and visitors and tourists. Situated on cotton gins and farm-related opera­ camellia appear to reign supreme, the northern edge of the South tions. one might wonder how the amaryl­ Carolina Low Country, it was a There was one business, however, lis could become so prominent a pleasant pause on the main route which would have conceivably suf­ part of the floral scenery. In fact, + from Columbia to Charleston. But fered because of the I-26 comple­ the circumstances leading up to in 1961 the mighty I-26 appeared tion. It was the town's only amaryl­ Mrs. Bair's decision to focus her at­ on the scene and U.S. 176 was rele­ lis nursery, managed by Mrs. Virgil tention on the cultivation of gated to the role of a farm-to­ Bair ( more familiarly known amaryllises are rather unique. It all market road. Some communities around Cameron as "Miss Kat"). began in 1951 when Mrs. Bair, then may have accepted this develop­ The nursery depended, to a signifi­ Mrs. Gilbert Rast, operated an ment as a major economic setback, cant degree, on the transient public azalea and camellia nursery in con­ but the proud people of Cameron to supplement its sale of amaryllis junction with her husband's com­ lost little sleep over the turn of bulbs. Fortunately, word-of-mouth mercial spraying and plant surgery events. Certainly the opening of the advertising and an excellent reputa­ business. That winter a record­ interstate caused no disruption to tion continue to bring ever-increas- breaking cold snap destroyed

May 1973 31 Amaryllises dominate Low-Country scenery, where azaleas and camellias traditionally have reigned supreme. Mrs. Virgil Bair of Cameron stocks her amaryllis nursery with bulbs imported from Holland.

mation bulwark, Mrs. Bair began the long, laborious process of cre­ ating new and varied strains of amaryllis varieties. Year by year the bulb, bloom and seedling processes of amaryllis evolution have been repeatedly watched over by Mrs. Bair; now an unbelievable number of new varieties have been created by crossbreeding and cross-pollin­ ation. Most of Mrs. Bair's bulbs are im­ ported from the vast reserves of amaryllis varieties in Hemmstede, Holland. (She reports that approxi­ mately one-third of her imported bulbs are lost because of the change in environmental conditions from Holland to America.) The bulbs are planted indoors in the Bair home and later transplanted to serve as mother plants for seedlings. Utiliza­ tion of the Holland bulbs assures a continuing supply of fresh varieties for crossbreeding purposes. Mrs. Bair's green thumb harkens back to a distinguished heritage of family genius in farming and agri­ culture. She is the sister of William and S. H. Houck, both of whom have garnered accolades for their outstanding farming achievements. So when Mrs. Bair suggests 10-10-10 as the proper fertilizer for amaryllises, you can rest assured that her advice is the product of generations of family experience in farming. The life cycle of the amaryllis • follows in general the pattern of lilies. There are a few notable ex­ $12,000 worth of azalea plants and mation and knowledge on amaryllis ceptions, however. For one thing, for all intents and purposes put the cultivation from friends in Orange- that gifted pollinator, the honey­ nursery out of business. Faced with burg, among them Mrs. Martha bee, plays no part in amaryllis pol­ the necessity of starting from Moss and Russell Wolfe. Their as- lination. The pollen is transferred scratch, Rast convinced his wife sistance was reinforced by facts pre- from the stamen to the pistil only that amaryllis cultivation would be sented by a top specialist in the by the wind or, in the case of more practical and profitable. amaryllis field from Holland, the breeders like Mrs. Bair, by man Mrs. Bair gained valuable infor- Ludwig Co. With this kind of infor- (more correctly, perhaps, by

32 Sandlapper woman). covered by burlap. zers of various grades, she also Although there is occasional Raising amaryllises can serve as employs organic fertilizer and ma­ self-pollination in the same plant, an excellent outlet for creativity in terials quite extensively. And like the usual development is cross-pol­ a person. Mrs. Bair compared the all good gardeners, Mrs. Bair main­ lination between different plants. crossbreeding and pollinating with tains a keen interest in keeping her Mrs. Bair will allow only her parent painting. "You have the oppor­ amaryllis beds as free from weeds plants or breeding stock to accept tunity to mold into a flower what and grass as possible. pollination. This is a process that your mind visualizes as a satisfying If you have never seen an amaryl­ she performs herself through cross­ combination of colors and hues," lis nursery or garden during the breeding of selected varieties. She she says. She goes on to point out blooming season, it would be well comments that care has to be taken the impossibility of always deter­ worth your time to visit Mr. and that this human handling of pollin­ mining the exact coloration which Mrs. Bair during the spring. The ation be done at the propitious might result from an amaryllis season usually begins about the moment. The pistil must be soft cross. "But most of the time," she first of April and lasts five or and sticky, indicating its ability to comments, "you can come very six weeks. You will be treated to a accept successfully the pollen from close to producing the effect most montage of color, varying from the stamen. pleasing to you." It is indeed a fas­ subtle pinks to bold reds, whites, The plants in her nursery which cinating art form and unpredictable oranges and a general profusion of are for sale and which produce enough always to produce a sur­ hues and colors, and you will re­ blooms are not allowed to pollinate prise or two in colors, texture and ceive an education in amaryllis cul­ and produce seed. The tall scapes width of petals. tivation from the genial, generous containing the blooms are usually The amaryllis is a hearty, durable Mrs. Bair-all of this in a setting removed to prevent seed pods from flower. However, certain facts which can only be described as a forming. Even the parent plants are should be taken into account cathedral of color. not permitted to produce seeds two should you start your own amaryl­ years in succession because this lis garden. First, a fairly good soil David D. Buyck Jr. is a free-lance overwork would result in a weak­ with proper moisture control as­ writer from St. Matthews. ened plant. sures good growth. Also, mulching Interestingly, Miss Kat does not to one-half to one inch should be sell her amaryllis seed. She defends accomplished during the winter to this position by citing the need for protect the plants from the cold. controlling her breeding stock Shady areas with some sun filtering through selection of choice seed­ through are best. lings. "And anyway," she remarks, In planning her fertilizer require­ "most people don't care ·to wait ments, Mrs. Bair relies to a great four to five years to see an amaryl­ degree on the recommendations lis bloom." This is the time re­ established by Clemson University. quired for a seed to produce a plant She sends off soil samples each year capable of blooming. Usually about to be analyzed and finds this to be 60 seeds are contained in one pod, extremely helpful in assuring maxi­ and it takes about three weeks for mum growth for her plants. In ad­ them to sprout in a moist seedbed dition to using commercial fertili-

Hearty, durable plants, amaryllises "do not like to be disturbed," Mrs. Bair says. "Leave them alone and do not hoe-just pull up any weeds that might grow." With long, deep roots, the plants require practically no watering.

May 1973 33 1'

"Show me the manner in which a nation cares for its dead, and I wil I measure with mathematical exactness the tender mercies of its people, their respect for the laws of the land and their loyalty to high ideals." GLADSTONE ,I/~ n the second Sunday in May, ty of ministering to three other 1973, the congregation of Mt. churches in the Fork:, St. Andrew's, 0Olivet Lutheran Church, Cha­ St. Michael's and Bethel (High Hill) pin, will gather with their pastor, churches. The task of building the the Rev. Larry W. Smith, to wel­ new church, both spiritually and come friends, neighbors and former physically, continued for more than pastors to the 100th anniversary two years, until finally, at the 1873 celebration of the organization of Convention of the South Carolina their church. Located in the old Synod, it was announced that "at settlement of Spring Hill, four miles Spring Hill, Lexington County, east of Chapin on present-day U.S. South Carolina, a new church was 176, the church stands in the heart built, and the same was dedicated of the Dutch Fork, nestled among to the service of God the second old farms and hospitable people. Sabbath of May." A vast sweep of time and history Mt. Olivet Church and Spring stretches between the centennial Hill community have been immor­ observance on May 13 of this year talized in a book by James M. -Photo courtesy Mrs. H. L. Meetze and the dedication ceremony held Eleazer: Dutch Fork Farm Boy, a and G. Miller Eleazer in 1873. But the years and elements classic account of country life at have been kind; the well-preserved the turn of the century. Eleazer, a building with its strong tim hers of widely known Clemson agricultural heart pine and wide hand-planed specialist and writer, grew up in the Mt. Olivet boards has endured. It can claim Spring Hill Church and in his book the distinction of being the oldest points out the strength of the Luth­ of Spring Hill church building in the Dutch Fork eran churches of the area: "I never still in active use. (Old St. John's, saw one of any other sort until I By Nat Hilborn Pomaria, though still standing, is no was up some size. That was a Meth­ longer used for church activities.) odist church ... and I was half With minor structural changes, the scared of it." original church building of Mt. In the hundred years she has Olivet remains today as it was 100 stood at Spring Hill, Mt. Olivet has years ago-a perfect picture of the witnessed a rapidly changing world. pleasing simplicity of yesteryear. The ground upon which she stands The history of this century-old even changed-in name, that is: In church is inextricably bound to the 1912 the county line was moved background of its founders, whose and the area around Spring Hill ?-6 story reaches back yet another became a part of Richland County. ~ : hundred years to the period of the The community itself was gradually German-Swiss migration of the mid- eclipsed by the nearby town of 1700s. In the vicinity of Wateree Chapin, which had grown up along Creek, a tributary of the Broad the route of the Columbia-New­ River, the settlement of Spring Hill berry-Laurens Railroad. developed and thrived, its growth The present decade has intro­ influenced by travel and trade of duced the greatest change of all, the times-the old State Road that of a new mission for the which stretched from Charleston up church itself. The closely knit farm­ to Asheville ran through the heart ing community which Mt. Olivet t of the community. has served is on the threshold of By the time Mt. Olivet Church expanding into a fast-growing, resi­ was built in the early '70s, Spring dential suburban area. To be able to Hill had become a flourishing spot serve the new community presents -Photo by Sam Hilborn on the map. To this thriving Dutch a special challenge as the congrega­ Top photo shows Mt. Olivet Fork community came the Rev. tion of the historic old landmark Lutheran Church in 1895, William Alexander Houck in early looks ahead to its second century. just after the new steeple was 1871. This exceptional leader as­ added. Except for the en­ closed porch and the shortened sumed the duties of organizing the Nat and Sam Hilborn co-authored steeple, the church today, new Spring Hill congregation while Battleground of Freedom: South second photo, appears much carrying out his official responsibili- Carolina in the Revolution. as it did then.

May 1973 35

A Plantation Financed with Cookies By Jackie Odom

lantations have been bought and Charleston. The 153-acre fairyland marrying the captain of the ship, sold since the South was settled. was once the setting of balls and John Coming. At the T of the PThey have been financed with barbecues such as those from the Cooper River, where the east and the profits from cotton, rice, pages of Gone with the Wind. west branches come together, they indigo, timber and other sources of Haunting melodies floated through built Comingtee House in 1738. revenue. But probably only one the moss-draped live oak trees as This property was left to her neph­ plantation in South Carolina was Negro slaves trod the paths from ew, Isaac Elias Ball, who already ever financed through profits from their quarters to the cotton fields. owned Hyde Park estate, also on cookies. The soil below the beautiful turf the east branch of the Cooper This plantation is not owned by fronting the house was probably River. the kingpin of a cookie company; it torn by horses' hooves as their Col. John Harleston, a brother of was bought and is being paid for riders spurred them off when leav­ Mrs. Coming, bought a tract of land and restored by thousands of girls, ing to join the Confederate Army. comprising both Richmond and ages 9 to 1 7, who annually go from It was then known as Richmond Farmfield estates from a Dr. house to house selling cookies. Plantation and was owned by the Martina, and the Harleston family These industrious girls are members Harleston family, identified with settled there to be near Mrs. Com­ of the Carolina Low Country Girl the history of South Carolina from ing. After the death of Col. Harles­ Scout Council. the settlement of the colony and ton in 1 793 and his wife in 1805, Now known as the Girl Scout descended from a family in the Richmond passed to his daughter Plantation, the property is located county of Essex, England. Miss Jane, who married Edward Rut­ in Berkeley County just off High­ Affra Harleston, a passenger on the ledge, son of Gov. John Rutledge, way 402, three miles south of pioneer ship Carolina, was the first in 1 794. Another daughter Eliza, Cordesville and 35 miles from of the family to come to America, who married Thomas Corbett, in-

-All photos by Edwin H. Stone

Training from an earlier age is put A meal is prepared at the former Girls unsaddle and tether their to use by advanced scouts setting plantation by girls of the Carolina horses close by their campsite in up their tents at an overnight camp. Low Country Girl Scout Council. the Francis Marion National Forest.

May 1973 37 herited Farmfield. field and two other adjoining plan­ Richmond's next owner was the tations, with a total of 4,500 acres, Rutledges' son Nicholas Harleston were sold to J. Sinclair White, a rice Rutledge, who died childless in grower who owned a home on an 1835 and was buried at Richmond. adjoining plantation. On a date be­ The plantation was inherited by Dr. lieved to be late in the 1920s, Benjamin Huger, who married Georgia A. Ellis Jr., a wealthy New Nicholas' sister Sarah. Their son York stock broker, and his wife ac­ William Harleston Huger was one of quired the property from White, the best-known physicians of chiefly for the purpose of making a Charleston. hunting lodge of Richmond. It was By 1860 descendants of these they who built the present spacious families owned much of the land on brick manor house, paddock and both branches of the Cooper River, stables, dog kennels and animal and their small plantations, compar­ hospital, and numerous other build­ atively close together, formed a ings designed for country living at social neighborhood. Members of its best. In June 1962, Thomas the society were more or less con­ Kenneth Ellis, a vice president of nected by ties of blood and mar­ the Wrigley Chewing Gum Co., and riage. his daughter Jean Ellis Summers Richmond's plantation house sold the four plantations to West burned in 1900. Richmond, Farm- Virginia Pulp and Paper Co. They,

Braiding, an enthralling and useful craft, is demonstrated by a camper at the Berkeley County plantation.

Above : Scouts at work in the ceramics shop. Left: The plantation's swimming facility, where many girls learn to swim. The plantation is used as a camping site year-round-on weekends during school months and in scheduled sessions during the summer.

38 Sandlapper Experience the Elegance of an Antebellum Hotel. Charleston's newest hotel is also its oldest. Originally built in 1853, the Mills House was razed to the ground in 1970. Then it was reconstructed. As exactly as possible, down to the smallest details. But with every modem convenience. The new Mills House, in the middle of historic Charleston, embodies all the grandeur and elegance of antebellum living. General Lee stayed here when he commanded the Confederate Garrison in Charles­ ton in 1861. We think he'd feel at home again today. You will, too. For reservations, see your travel agent or call toll free (800) 228-9000 for all Hyatt Hotels.

(***** Mobil 5-Star Rating) The MILLS~ HYATT HOUSE Meeting & Queen Streets Charleston, South Carolina 29401 in turn, sold 152 acres of the estate enclosed by intricate iron and storing the plantation was the ex­ to the Carolina Low Country Girl brickwork. The original carriage terior. Deteriorated materials were Scout Council in January 1963 for house, guesthouse, gatehouse, replaced, mold and damaging $145,000. stable, riding paddock and animal growth were removed and every­ In anticipation of just such an infirmary have been converted into thing was cleaned and painted. The opportunity, the Girl Scout council facilities appropriate to the Girl gardens were cleaned and areas had been stashing away cookie Scout program. The old dog kennel, were selected for campsites. Per­ money. Some $60,000 had been ac­ with its handsome paneling, has manent tents were erected at six cumulated and was applied as the been restored and converted into different places, each within a dis­ first payment on the property. quarters for a dramatic arts pro­ tinct interest area. An olympic-size Since then, cookie sales have not gram. swimming pool was built, stables re­ only covered the payments but also The manor house was built of paired, horses purchased and a cen­ made payments on a dining hall­ brick from an old theatre that was tral dining hall constructed. kitchen, tent living units, a road, once in the heart of Charleston's Today, the finishing touches are powerhouse and oxidation pond. famous King Street, and brick col­ being put to the existing facilities. The plantation is in year-round lected from ruins of original build­ In the near future, interior res­ use as a camping site. Girls and ings on the plantation. Ceiling toration of the manor house will be their leaders camp on weekends beams for the living room were res­ undertaken. Funds for the restora­ from September through May, anq cued from an old rice mill on near­ tion come from friends who donate residence camp sessions are sched­ by Rice Hope Plantation. The pan­ money, time and materials. uled from June through August. eling, door hardware and other The beauty and usefulness of this An avenue of magnificent oaks decorative items were taken from old plantation is a tribute to indus­ leads past numerous estate build­ an old castle in England and ship­ trious girls, the Carolina Low Coun­ ings and a four-acre camellia garden ped here by the Ellis family. Gargo­ try Girl Scout Council and the and circles the 2-story, 13-room yles and various rich carvings were humble cookie. house. The house faces a broad brought from an ancient castle in lawn which stretches to the river. Bavaria. Jackie Odom is a free-lance writer The gardens, still richly fertile, are Of immediate importance in re- from Norway.

May 1973 39

By Luci I le McMaster

Chi//ej Soup6 Jor Warm ~a~J

he season of chilled soups has ar­ constitute the meal. It is also flexi­ rived and we can allow the ble as to content. The choicest of Tsteaming soup pot to rest during ingredients may be obtained for its the summer months. A wide range making, or it may be entirely made of cold soups cater to many tastes from leftovers. and add interest to summer meals. Cold soups make the summer Soup is indeed a versatile food. pass more pleasantly and are excel­ Served throughout the year, it can lent for stimulating jaded appetites. make cold days warmer and warm Such soups give much freedom to days cooler. It may pleasantly in­ the imagination. New combinations troduce a meal or, within itself, of ingredients present themselves

May 1973 41 with the appearance of a variety of Cook fresh peas in 2 cups water In a saucepan combine tomatoes, vegetables and stocks. until tender. Drain. Add sauteed which have been chopped, with Although jellied consomme and onion. Puree the mixture in an elec- chicken broth. Simmer for 15 vichyssoise are longtime favorites in tric blender. In a saucepan make a minutes. Strain, pressing through as the cold soup area, recipes for cold roux of the butter and flour. Cook much of the pulp as possible. Add soups are legion. There are those over low heat for several minutes. salt, pepper, a dash of nutmeg and made from broccoli, spinach, water­ Gradually stir into the roux 2 cups mace. Make a roux of the flour and cress, hearts of artichoke, green milk and cook, stirring constantly, butter. Gradually blend the roux beans, cauliflower, eggplant, turnip, until it thickens. Add the puree of with the stock and tomato mixture. zucchini and fruits. peas and onion and season to taste. Simmer for 10 minutes more. Add Any summer luncheon or dinner Chill thoroughly. Just before serv- zucchini. (A grated cucumber is the better for being started with a ing add dry sherry to taste. Garnish which has been peeled may be used well-chilled soup. Such a soup with fresh mint or chopped chives. instead of the zucchini.) Chill thor- should be prepared early in the day oughly and top with sour cream im- so that it will have several hours of COLD GREEN PEA SOUP mediately before serving. chilling. It is, in fact, preferable to WITH CURRY start the chilling the night before, 1/.i cup chopped onion CHILLED ASPARAGUS SOUP for a partially chilled soup is not 2 tbsp. butter % tsp. curry powder 1 pkg. frozen asparagus enjoyable. To prolong the chilled 2 cups chicken stock 2 cups chicken stock effect, serve the soup poured over 2 cups canned or cooked fresh peas 2 small spring onions, saute'ed in butter 1 cup cream '12 tsp. salt an ice cube. Crisp chopped vegeta­ 1 tbsp. chopped parsley bles or sprigs of fresh herbs such as Salt and pepper to taste parsley, basil, dill or mint used as a In a saucepan saute chopped onion Cook frozen asparagus according to garnish give an added suggestion of directions on the package or use 1 coolness. in butter and curry powder. Add chicken stock and canned or cook­ can of asparagus which has been Some cold soups call for cream. drained. Force the asparagus If a diet does not permit the use of ed fresh peas. Put the mixture into a blender and puree. If a blender is through a sieve. Blend with chicken cream, a roux may be used as a sub­ stock and small spring onions which stitute to make a thin soup appear not available, the mixture may be put through a food mill or pressed have been chopped and sauteed in creamy in texture. Make the roux butter. Simmer over low heat for by melting two or three table­ through a sieve. Season to taste with salt and pepper. Stir in 1 cup 10 minutes. Add salt and chopped spoons of butter, or use margarine parsley. Chill for several hours. if butter is ruled out by the restric­ cream. Chill thoroughly for several hours. When serving, garnish with Garnish with sprigs of sweet basil tions of diet. Add two or three and serve with lemon wedges. tablespoons of flour to the melted parsley or mint. butter and cook for several minutes ICED TOMATO SOUP CREAM OF AVOCADO SOUP, over low heat. The mixture should CHILLED be stirred constantly. Add a small 1 tbsp. fresh chives 2 avocados amount from a cup of stock and 1 tbsp. fresh parsley 1 slice onion 3 cups tomato juice 2 tbsp. lemon juice blend into the mixture. Gradually 1 1/2 cups chicken broth 1 tbsp. lemon juice 1 add the remaining stock and stir Salt and cayenne to taste 1 / 2 cups light cream 4 tbsp. sherry until very smooth. Salt and cayenne to taste The recipes which follow may be Chop 1 tablespoon each of fresh used as suggestions for the base or chives and fresh parsley. Add to Peel and slice avocados and put into beginning of your own cold soups. tomato juice which has been sea­ an electric blender with onion, Personal taste and imagination can soned with lemon juice, salt and lemon juice and chicken broth. In a combine for the creation of entirely cayenne. Chill well and serve with bowl blend light cream with sherry. new and different soups. lemon wedges. Combine the two mixtures and sea­ son with salt and cayenne pepper. FRESH GREEN PEA SOUP TOMATO SOUP WITH ZUCCHINI Chill for several hours. A sprig of 2 cups fresh peas 3 large tomatoes mint is a nice garnish for this soup. % cup sauteed onion 3 cups chicken broth 3 tbsp. butter 3 tbsp. flour A FAVO RITE SUMMER SOUP 3 tbsp. flour 3 tbsp. butter 2 cups milk 1 cup grated, unpeeled zucchini 3 or 4 very ripe tomatoes Dry sherry to taste Sour cream Grated onion, grated cucumber and Dash salt, pepper, nutmeg and mace lemon juice to taste Salt and cayenne to taste

42 Sandlapper Put several tomatoes through a sieve until you have the desired amount of smooth pulp and juice. To this mixture add grated onion, grated cucumber and lemon juice to taste. Season with salt and cayenne. The soup should be chilled for sev­ eral hours.

CHILLED CUCUMBER SOUP

5 cucumbers 4 stalks celery 1 can celery or mushroom soup 1 can milk Sprigs of fresh parsley and sweet basil Seasonings as desired

Peel and slice cucumbers. Chop cel­ ery and a few sprigs of fresh parsley and sweet basil. Put into an electric blender with celery or mushroom soup and milk. When blended put into a saucepan and cook over low heat for 10 minutes. Add desired seasonings and chill for several hours. Serve garnished with sprigs of parsley, basil or mint.

COLD CURRY SOUP

1 can mushroom soup ~ ~o "'1,,; <' - ;;; ,.,,. ~ -.,, - ,, ~ '!,., (,,I'?'. < ,,_· - "{! o..., .;i~ ...r r,,.. "'-./- ·~ ~ 1 'J. -. 1 can celery soup 1-r, ~ ~ c7 -'.f r;i 4/ ~ ;~ ·r ~ ~ ?t ~, ..? ,.,~ ~ ""~.... "1..1; -Q",. ·y r: ~ :.- T;·""'",t _o"J,) 1- < '12 cup milk ~q '11,,~ <$>., ,p"> ;: .....s. :.,:;I (J 0., '.~'1 c,?' ~ ·-6... );,. ~ V~·St,,G,<'~~~- <£ _ f-,. '~t'a, 1 tsp. curry powder "'o/;4,,'>',',,.., v ~<',."' / ,.,. ... v_;_"}'o,<>,, .J.. ~ V .1.: 's A·,. ..4 , ~~ v~"',,•,:,~.A.v,.'.,~-~",,: .., ..,..-~ , ~- ~. '".," ~·-~·Joo 1 1i 1 can cream a· ',, 'o-.,,,1' ":'{,'°'>,;, G~ '\, ", ?_,6 7'1, ~~% '1'1-..,".f! .z,..", •.:;o r,,... '• ,., "'"{t,t'.:.:i.,,Q• ? r;..,~,i 'c, (5'/ ;.,'¢!",> n ·?,J n ex O~~~~,.{y'::,.~,{>!'ll.:'7- ), ~(: ,., f')/,?.'. .Z,.., ~Ce~<--o?,s, t';o ~ .-0. -,. ~/''' ·~,_o,..,//rO"~- ~F ('l, ~ ~

In a blender mix mushroom soup, ~'>': ~J s ;,.>J 'l ~ ?rl ~., ~'? •- I I' , ,, ·y,-a.-i,•• ~04 ' ".. ~V celery soup, milk and curry pow­ 11 der. Stir in 1 can cream measured in I::<:~< BAdla ~/ e·,-. ~·n·azi ·, ~v~~Jr\~' ~- r 'r; ~, r • ~.~~-r ,,, 0, ~5' ;,s'-1' ..J~ ~ 9/~ PP ·~( .:~ ,v· • <"; ~ ij tl.I',.~ ?~ ~,. ') ~ ~~ >"¥' ~:..--::z.-o.,-',;..\ 0 ~;_:)A..;., :.,:pV°. r/~;_ ..-r;..,' () ,s;;) ~,.;'.- "!;:_, .f~ ¢ ~> ~ ~? '>,. ~ '>~. '1< Q. (~,... .> ;·F>. '0 .... 4,. ?,.,.., ..-.:o _ '0,_ o- r.,.. -~- 9 1 can tomato soup J'"?. 0 r',., ~ A"- . 0_<:~: '.-c ;c \ • i:, 1 can green pea soup <>? ~.. < ~ ~ .... ·/ 'l

'< ;"'.i present. "Noi$/i;t"fs -offering .a c.6mpreheri'si~~ in<:lex (with. more 1 Blend tomato soup and green pea than f>;.Oj)O~Jtries}fro.m i'ts 1968;1972 issues. As a bonus to ~ --~ '"( <";. C; ~t'"y ·r, - I!. .,t.. ?' •• - ~ - ·', soup with 1h can water. Beat with a /ou,i;>r,~~dE;rS'qivJW, .buy Jhis co11venient i:ndex~ we are makin~ a ,. (t 0 wire whisk or put into an electric S.Jreoiaf ,;jjffe,t, df any available pr~-1973 ISSUeS for Only 6Q Ceflts I r'. ....,< -% ·¥ "'"'. - <";, 7 ' ;,, ~~- ,..-, - ' - f .-· . ""'I blender. Add sherry. Chill well be­ '<' ·~.~r~·cea(:h. ,Use.,the order"form in this. magazine to '• reserve yO_ur < r ,:.c; 10/e>:•,,<;'o°",;./,;,,o_"'c <> , f h . d ··( , h v1 I d . M ') "' 'q,,,;.'"1'\' fore serving. Garnish with herbs of l:'o,,\/o ~i, ¢,1,.,0 9opy O t ,e in ~x to µere eas~ m ay . ,.. '« 'J!~/~·' +o~... ··\,c'?;~i;.,, r_t. /' 0,. -~ O' '(: ...-1.,, -?~ ..?> r •." <: "'> '\o~ ,o;.$ ~~,.._,_ ~.t~ p(' t:'11 your choice. l. "1, ~t, ~,,... ~~ ~,. , ,,;, ~-,. 4 . "c- ' G> :.e,. 9 , t,. t, ~ '<-..?>~ ..r,..~ -- <., / - ·' ,.. '), ;.,- ; 1· 'v , 'c, ., '·Souti:.. Carol1"na A "', r ,, '" • ',: \,~ O', C, A ' <.,< 11 • • • '" .. ) - ,) 'Q Lucille McMaster is a columnist for 9 ::~.. ~ ~ ~ \ 1 ,;,"'\,".1t,~s at.you~_/ingertip,s'i'1 the SANDLAP,PE,R r(nde;j ,..,.,. "->"',1 the Winnsboro News and Herald. ,.,<>_,.4. ·1v~ :.;..~ ...., ...... ,: :~ '.'),,;, ~-"' .l",o ;,:, ¢: ,9,).. ~Q"".~.:".· ~, ~~~r~ ~A •S> "~., ..,¢, ~o • •1' ~ t1~~.,,.r.tf~J1,-"::'• ·~111Jl ~,..,,tf,.o.,,,,,~~~ ;.,>:·~.;.• ~Q' 4 ~ ..);,;/'. r.i',:; f\. "'~:,. ~t~ f~~ / $2.50 ,.. ;r'-c>.-p/.,.,}..,'\ti,:~~<)~C>'"'_-~9'0.,- f~"9o'"'"...,:~~,. t.f..1~41-, S '"/, ~ <& ~ "'I -0' ~ , ~-, /i._ ·t~!';. "~;:; ~s,~\. (r c,,.~ ~J, L .·, , ... ;.a ... ~ _, -.. ·~- ' ~ ~. r, ,,._ ·:,. ~A •

May 1973 43 ' • • '

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Head of The Bourbon Family.

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NOTTINGHAM ANTIQUES. 166 Alabama St., GRAINED COWHIDE ===" LITERARY AGENT x=== Spartanburg, S. C. 29302. Dealer to the dis­ INTERNA TI ONA L MERCHANDISE MART, INC. criminating. 18th and 19th century furniture. P. 0. BOX 1621 Decorative accessories. AUTHORS! Tired of rejection slips? You need SHREVEPORT , LOUISIANA 71164 a literary agent. Write: The Select Company, Pl ease send me the quantity of 5-piece me n's gift en­ sembles checked below !li mit t wo). If not full y satisfi ed Box 116, Orangeburg, S. C. 29115. I will ret urn the merchandise within 10 days fo r a full x::x x::x K:>< = = = = = BOO KS refund .

Send ONE onl y. I enclose $9.95. HAMPTON BOOKS (founded N.Y., 1946). Old K:><>C><>C> NEEDLEWORK ==== Send TWO at the bargain price of $16.95. and rare history, cinema-TV, aerospace, South Carolina-and general. Prints, posters, maps. Rt. AUTHENTIC NEEDLEPOINT college emblems Name 1, Box 76, Newberry, S.C. 29108. Ph . painted on canvas, yarn included. Special: coats Address 276-6870 (US Hwy. 176, 2 mi. N . of S.C . 34) . of arms painted on canvas, yarn included (allow two weeks for del ivery) . Also, we will do your Ci ty. State, Zip research. Graphs, canvas and yarn for S.C. C.Jf ijJcnie palmetto tree and medical caduceuses . Nation­ WALNUT GQOVE ally advertised Icelandic Kits for ponchos and ski sweaters. Imported yarns, materials, crewel , ~ ,,...,.,,.~~­ and needlepoint. Assorted pocketbook kits. c;i~~-~~~;. ~:1:~fj~ PLANTATION 1765 Folline's Knit and Bridge Studio, 2926 Devine l ll..!P · f0UNW\' H£Rff4.6£ St., Columbia, S.C. 29205. Phone 253-9748.

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SPAQlMBUl:/IG l'Olll>IT'I' $8.50 1 Hide 'IOl TH <:'.M,OllNA FUND RAISING South o f Spartanburg at intersecti on KATHARINE 1-26 and U.S. 221. Open Ma rch I Is your club, civic group, or school BOLING th rough Nove mber 30; Decembe r l in need of a fund raising project? If through February 28 Sunday after­ noons or by appointment. ll ours Tues­ so, consider selling subscriptions to "A true delight for lovers of the day-Sa turday 11 -5; Sunday s 2-5. Adults SANDLAPPER as a means of rais­ thrilling and the bizarre." S2.00; students SI .00. For info rma­ ing funds. SANDLAPPER - -- the ti on, call Spartanburg 576-6546, or The Columbia State magazine any organization would be write Walnut Grove Planta ti on, Rt. 1, A Southern gothic horror proud to sell. For further informa­ Roe buck, S.C. 29376. tale . . an extremely well- tion, call or write: written, well-researched work." The Charlotte Observer r------~ Joseph Bruce I FUND FOR I I U. S. GOVERNMENT SECURITIES, INC. I Sandlapper Press, Inc. sandlapper press, inc. I Please Send Prospectus I P.O. Box 1668 I w McCARLEY & CO. I Columbia, South Carolina 29202 Available at better bookstores. To order I BOX 1730. COLUMBIA, S.C. I by mail, use order form enclosed in this I Name Phone (803 )796 - 2686 magazine. LAdd,ess J

May 1973 45 ma1:; weather -Prepared by H. landers. N.0.A.A. National Weather Service Climato logist for South Carolina

May is the driest month in the spring dry period in most parts of the state. Rainfall amounts average from a little less than 3 inches to a little over 3112 inches. Most of the rain is of a showery nature and 1/lOth inch or more falls on 5 or 6 days during the month. The record rainfall for May was 15.55 inches and fell in 1915 at Mayesville in Sumter County. The greatest 24-hour rainfall in May was 7 .25 inches at Yemassee on May 19, 1969.

Maximum temperatures rise from 78-82 degrees on May 1 to 85-88 degrees on May 31. Minimum temperatures show more variability, averaging 50-58 degrees on May 1 and increasing to 60-66 degrees by the 31st. Eight to 10 days will reach 90 degrees or more in the warmer sections, 4 to 6 days in the cooler sections. Freezing temperatures "RECOLLECTED" FROM rarely occur in May. The all-time high was 106 degrees, which occurred at Santuck on "THE STATE" MAGAZINE May 26, 1911. The lowest was 28 degrees on May 2, 1963, at Chester, Landrum and Ninety-nine Islands; also on May 4, 1971, at Walhalla. THE STATE, "Down Home in North Carolina," has maintained PRECIPITATION a lively interest in native foods and dining since its inception Probability of Receiving nearly 40 years ago. At Least the Amount of Greatest on The magazine's bound files Location Rain Shown Record were a veritable treasure house ( inches} of recipes-many contributed by (25%} (75%} STATE readers, many collected for 1 chance 3 chances publication by Carol Dare (writer in 4 in 4 of the women's column) and other staff members. But since Aiken 4.23 1.70 8.84 practically none had been in­ Beaufort 4.89 1.73 12.01 dexed, they were literally buried Camden 4 .23 1.75 11.75 under thousands of pages of Charleston 4.75 1.81 9.28 type, and were of virtually no use Cheraw 4.01 2.30 10.19 to the present generation of Tar Chester 3.96 1.82 9.12 Heel cooks. Clemson 3.80 2.62 10.98 It remained for Carol Dare anc Columbia 3.79 2.20 8.85 a crew of enthusiastic helpers to Conway 3.98 2.46 11.85 "recollect" - resurrect, select, Georgetown 3.99 1.92 12.65 edit, organize, prepare and index Greenwood 4.64 2.31 9.94 the material for publication in Kingstree 3.96 1.86 11.39 book form. Orangeburg 4.66 2.13 7.73 Spartanburg 4.34 2.14 The result is a truly unique col­ 8.65 lection. THE CAROL DARE COOKBOOK is designed to be TEMPERATURE used . . . to be read for sheer nostalgic pleasure ... to be kept May 1 May 31 Records and admired with other fine books Location Max. Min. Max. Min. Highest Lowest in your library. • Please send me ...... copies Aiken 80 56 85 64 101 36 of Carol Dare Cookbook @ $8.50 Beaufort 81 56 87 64 100 37 each, postage included. Check en­ Camden 80 53 87 62 103 33 closed. Charleston 80 57 86 65 98 36 Cheraw 80 52 87 61 103 33 Name Chester 79 51 86 60 102 28 Clemson 78 52 86 Street 60 100 33 Columbia 81 55 88 64 95 36 City ...... Conway 81 56 87 64 101 35 Georgetown 79 58 86 66 100 38 State ...... Zip ...... Greenwood 78 54 86 62 102 34 Kingstree 81 56 88 64 101 35 Mail orders to: The State, P. D. Box Orangeburg 2169, Raleigh, N. C. 27602 (checks 81 56 88 64 101 35 payable to The State} Spartanburg 76 52 84 60 98 30

46 Sandlapper ~~~~ FOR THE COOK OR GOURMET: Area department stores with Home economists on hand to fashions available for every give hints on preparing and member of the family. buying foods and beating Daily at 6:00 p.m . inflation prices . and 9:00 p.m. See Moravian cookies being made the old-fashioned way. , --=-- - ,

FOR THE HOMEMAKER: **********FOR THE Exciting ideas for OUTDOORSMAN: decorating your home Bicycles, s~all boats, featuring all the sporting goods. latest trends . Al~ Vacation ideas, what to do, where to go, how to travel.

FOR THE ANTIQUE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTE FOR THE CHILDREN: TRAVELING EXHIBITS COLLECTOR: INCLUDING FOLK TOYS FROM • The South's most famous . /• - · antique show with over a JAPAN, FIRST SHOWING IN · million dollars worth of fine U.S. OF FAMOUS GUAJIRO antiques on display TAPESTRIES FROM VENEZUELA IAII for sale) AND U.S. WORLD WAR I P:c:::.Jll :--::-~ POSTERS. ALSO: CRAFTSMEN WORKING BEFORE YOUR VERY EYES, FOR THE ARTISTS PAINTING, RARE PET LOVERS: Flowers, flowers, flowers! COINS AND PAPER MONEY Pet shop specialists for the home . EXHIBITS, AUTOMOBILES, will be on hand to give Expert nurserymen and landscapers• MINIATURE FORESTS AND 'I: instructions on caring available to help you give ' for pets. nature a hand. CREATURES OF THE FOREST. A SHOW PLANNED FOR HAVING SOMETHING FOR EVERYONE ::t :; ::, C: ::t C ::I C ::X ::; ::t C CAROLINA COLISEUM Columbia, S.C. May 24, 25, 26, 27, 1973 Box 4031 , Columbia, S.C. 29204 or call ADMISSION: Adults $2.00 788-5269 for information on free guided Under 12 $.50 accompanied by adult tours for school children. HOURS: 11:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. The street names-Broad, Meeting, Tradd-will carry a familiar ring to those readers familiar with South Carolina's most famous city. As Cypress Hall continues, Cantrill and indeed the reader himself are CYPRESS HALL. By Ann Turner native . land because of the French introduced to the society which Hewitt. 251 pages. The Select and Spanish ships which harass inhabits these streets. Through her Company. $6.95. British vessels during the war, pictures of the Christmas ball and Cantrill remains on his plantation, the annual spring horse race, Mrs. In this novel of Charleston from which the novel takes its Hewitt allows the reader to observe during the Revolutionary War, Ann name, until the fighting ends. When the lifestyle enjoyed by one par­ Turner Hewitt has adopted the at last he and Celeste are able to ticular segment of Charleston rather surprising point of view of a escape, they leave with great hopes society. British nobleman living in the grand of returning one day when America But truly great novels are almost old city but remaining loyal to the is again at peace. always about people, not cities; and Crown. Having retired from the In writing Cypress Hall, Mrs. herein lies the overriding weakness British Navy, Randolph Cantrill im­ Hewitt very successfully manipu­ of Cypress Hall. In her eagerness to migrates to Charleston, where he is lates Randolph Cantrill's introduc­ show the grandeur of Charleston, received by the city's most elite tion to his new home in order to Mrs. Hewitt has overlooked an im­ society. Eventually he marries acquaint her readers with life in portant task of any competent Celeste Verney, a Charleston belle Charleston just before the Revolu­ novelist-convincing characteriza­ as great a coquette as Scarlett tionary War. When Cantrill first tion. The main character of the O'Hara herself. But when the Revo­ lands in Charleston, his cousin novel, for example, undergoes at lution comes, Cantrill holds firm to Jefford gives him a tour of the city. least two experiences which would his belief that the colonies' first The reader follows them through seemingly have affected his per­ loyalty must be to the mother Charleston streets, observing Saint sonality extensively. The first is his country. Unable to return to his Philip's Church and Savage Green. decision to immigrnte to America. At the novel's outset, the reader is made to realize quite clearly that r~~~~~~~~, Cantrill has not decided definitely to leave England. Then quite sud­ denly, the decision is made, and Cantrill is preparing to depart. The author robs the reader of a chance j The Green Dragoon i to share in Cantrill's emotional con­ flicts as he faces this major juncture i THE LIVES OF BANASTRE TARLETON I in his life, and robs herself of a AND MARY ROBINSON ~ chance to create a more convincing by Robert D. Bass i character. The second experience t occurs after Cantrill falls in love The definitive and fascinating biography of ~ with Celeste. When he learns that she has married her cousin, Mrs. controversial Revolutionary war figure Banas- i 1 Hewitt simply writes, "Well, he tre Tarleton and his mistress Mary Robinson. :,., wished her every happiness, and he Written by the author of Swamp Fo x and ~ would always adore her." Again the J5f Gamecock. $6.95. ~ author fails to develop within her character any sense of an inner life and in so doing presents a very flat I "... e xciting, colorlul, fluent, highly entertaining" i character. And alas, the other -New York Herald Tribune ii characters in Cypress Hall receive even less attention than Cantrill. In light of its merit as a work of sandlapper press, inc. fiction, Cypress Hall seems a rather P. 0. Bo x 1668, Columbia, S.C. 29202 poor effort. But as a tribute to a i great city by one of its most de­ voted citizens, the novel surely ful­ ~~~~~~~~~~ fills its author's purpose. JTB 48 Sand lap per THE HISTORY OF NEWBERRY and change the makeup of the county. His book will be of great COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA. population to such an extent that value to local historians, genealo­ Volume One: 1749-1860. By the white minority constituted only gists and historical demographers. Thomas H. Pope. University of one-third of the population in Perhaps its most interesting aspect South Carolina Press. $14.95 1860. is his tracing of families from more ($17.95 after July 1). In the same masterful manner in northerly states to Newberry Coun­ which he discusses the beginnings ty, and at a later time from there to In the middle of the 18th cen­ of Newberry County, the author Alabama, Mississippi and Texas. In tury, the area lying between the takes us through the Nullification detail unusual for a county history, Broad and Saluda rivers, the "Fork ~nd Secessionist periods, he discusses the cultural aspects of of the Broad and Saludy," was intelligently linking local events to Newberry County's growth in a truly the frontier and was to remain national and statewide develop­ manner that Newberry College so until after the Cherokee War. ments. He covers in detail agricul­ alumni should find particularly re­ Into this region that was "remark­ ture, slavery, immigration, com­ warding. able for the luxuriant richness of its munications, transportation (par­ A prominent South Carolina at­ landscape" came hardy immigrants ticularly the coming of the railroads torney and a former speaker of the by overland trail from Pennsylvania that made Newberry the Up-Coun­ house of representatives of the state and Maryland, the Valley of Vir­ try cotton center), banking, com­ legislature, Pope practices law ginia, and North Carolina. Of merce, all levels of government, in Newberry, where he is on the Scotch-Irish, English and German law, medicine, the militia and the board of trustees of Newberry Col­ stock, they had little in common various wars. Of particular interest lege. He is a member of the South with tidewater Carolina folks, who is his presentation of religious de­ Carolina Archives and History Com­ were already enjoying the "Golden velopments in both the 18th and mission, a curator of the South Age of Charleston." 19th centuries. Carolina Historical Society, and a Arriving during the months of Pope has uncovered much new member of the advisory board of November to March, a time that al­ information and he corrects many the National Trust for Historic Pres­ lowed them to harvest the crop at misconceptions and errors of fact ervation. JWE their old homes and plant one at about the beginnings of this upstate the new, they built rough dwellings near springs or small, clear streams and planted corn, wheat, flax, in­ BOOKS FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF digo and garden crops. They raised SOUTH CAROLINA PRESS cattle and hogs, but they also hunt­ ed in order to trade in skins. Life was hard, and the Indians presented PERSPECTIVES IN SOUTH CAROLINA HISTORY: a constant threat, but with few of The First 300 Years the amenities of the Low Country Edited by ERNEST M. LANDER, JR., and "they were determined to build ROBERT K. ACKERMAN their own society and succeeded in doing so in a generation." Surviving the Regulator Move­ WILD FLOWERS IN SOUTH CAROLINA ment, the Moderator Movement, By WADE T. BATSON and the bitter and costly partisan warfare of the Revolution, what PAPERBACKS: had been the enormous old Ninety Six District was divided into six FOLK SONG IN SOUTH CAROLINA counties by the Act of 1785. New­ Tricentennial Booklet Number 9 berry (the origin of the name is By CHARLES W. JOYNER obscure) County in 1800 embraced A SOUTH CAROLINA CHRONOLOGY, 1497-1970 368,640 acres, roughly the same Tricentennial Booklet Number 11 size as it is today. The population By GEORGE C. ROGERS, JR. CHARLESTON GHOSTS was 12,906, of whom about 2,000 By MARGARET RHETT MARTIN were slaves. The only post office was at Newberry Courthouse. Cot­ ton was just becoming an important mi UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA PRESS crop after the introduction of the • Columbia SC 29208 Whitney gin, but it was to destroy the diversified agrarian economy

May 1973 49 P.O. Box 841 400 West Main Street NEW BOOKS Lexington, S.C. 29072 IN OUR BOOKSTORE

THE GREEN DRAGOON. By Robert D. Bass. The Jives of Banastre Tarleton and A COMPILATION OF THE ORIGINAL MOONSHINE LIGHT, MOONSHINE Mary Robinson. $6.95. LISTS OF PROTESTANT IMMI­ BRIGHT. William Price Fox describes the GRANTS TO SOUTH CAROLINA, adventures of two teen-age boys who be­ NOBODY ELSE WILL LISTEN, A Girl's 1763-1773. Compiled by Janie Revill. come involved in bootlegging. $5.95. Conversations with God. By Marjorie $7.50. Holmes. In her new book, Marjorie THE NAZI OLYMPICS. "Richard D. Holmes expresses the feelings of a teen­ REVOLUTIONARY CLAIMS FILED IN Mandell has written a brilliant and chil­ age girl. $3.95. SOUTH CAROLINA. "A copy of the ling expose of the most bizarre festival in original index book showing the the history of sports." $7 .95. FIRE IN THE LAKE, The Vietnamese Revolutionary Claims Filed in South and the Americans in Vietnam. By Carolina between August 20, 1783 and YOU CAN'T EAT MAGNOLIAS. Edited Frances Fitzgerald. A study of the de­ August 31, 1786, Kept by James McCall, by H. Brandt Ayers and Thomas H. cade-long conflict in Vietnam. $12.50. Auditor General." Compiled by Janie Naylor with an introduction by Willie Revill. $12.50. Morris. "A stirring manifesto for change DR. ATKINS' DIET REVOLUTION, The and growth in the modern South." $8.95. High Calorie Way to Stay Thin Forever. By Robert C. Atkins, M.D. $6.95. HILTON HEAD ISLAND IN THE CIVIL WAR. By Robert Carse. The little-known LUCE AND HIS EMPIRE. W. A. story of the great Union base which oc­ Swanberg recounts in fascinating detail cupied Hilton Head Island for three and a the career of Henry Robinson Luce, the ~e half years. Paper. $5. premier journalist of the 20th century. com~ $12.50. THE SIEGE OF CHARLESTON, The joys and tec~r 1861-1865. By E. Milby Burton. A fascin­ JOHNNY, WE HARDLY KNEW YE, of hiking and backpacking ating and comprehensive account of the Memories of John Fitzgerald Kennedy. Cdlin Pletc.ier siege of Charleston. A must for all those authoro( The Man Who W(llked Through Time By Kenneth P. O'Donnell and David F . interested in the history of South Powers with Joe McCarthy. $8.95. Carolina. $14.95.

BOOKS OF INTEREST SOUTH CAROLINA GHOST TALES. By Nell S. Graydon. "Primarily for the dev­ FROM GENEALOGICAL otee of Southern Jore, this collection of PUBLISHING COMPANY stories preserves many old South Carolina legends." $4.50. FRENCH AND SWIS~ PROTESTANTS. Compiled by Daniel Ravenel. Originally THIS HAUNTED LAND, Where Ghosts published in Charleston in 1868 . $5. Still Roam. By Nancy and Bruce Roberts. A collection of 14 ghost stories. $3.95 KING ' S MOUNTAIN AND ITS OTHER BOOKS OF INTEREST hardback, $2.50 paperback. HEROES: HISTORY OF THE BATTLE OF KING'S MOUNTAIN, October 7th, THE COMPLETE WALKER, The Joys 1780, and the Events Which Led to It. By and Techniques of Hiking and Backpack­ Lyman C. Draper, LL.D. $15. ing. By Colin Fletcher. " . .. . here is the most practical, authoritative, comprehen­ sandlapper INDEXES TO THE COUNTY WILL OF sive handbook ever published." $7 .95. SOUTH CAROLINA. Compiled by Bookstore & Gallery, Inc. Martha Lou Houston. $10. RUBY RED. By William Price Fox. The 400 W. Main St., Lexington SOUTH CAROLINIANS IN THE REVO­ adventures of Ruby Jean Jamison on her LUTION, with Service Records and Mis­ way from Columbia, S. C., to Nashville, (Please note change cellaneous Dat~ also Abstract1_ of Wills, Tenn., to make it big on the country­ of mailing address.) Laurens County (Ninety-Six District), western scene, make a funny, bawdy, P.O. Box 841 1775-1855. By Sara Sullivan Ervin. $10. warm-hearted novel. $6.95. Lexington, S.C . 29072 50 SLEEPERS• TENTS• PACKS• FRAMES• MOUNTAIN PARKAS• SUPER SWEATER• CIRQUE J. \jt.. SVEA STOVE. SALT/PEPPER SHAKERS. COOKSETS. POLY WATER BAGS. PoL ~c~~ "o Y& )'• ~ Qv ~ Sandlapper Bookstore & Gallery, Inc. Announces A Complete Line Of ~- l> ~ ' ,,·~ N l> ~ m cn -I m >er: C l> er: BACKPACKING OJ s:: LU m~ (.!) Cl)• 0z Cl)• l> (") 1- AND - r :I: 2 co LU s:: • I- zz LU cm co -I ::> s:: 1- CAMP­ oz~ C 2 -I c:, <( rm ~ - ~ "Tl :E 0 ING -I m s m l> I- ~ ~ • (/) Cl) • • 1- (") c... EQUIP- l> l> ::it::: z z er: 0~ <( ~ :E Q.. LU mo er: MENT ~o Come by our store at ~ r (.)> 400 S. Main St. in (/) ~ 2 Lexington, S. C. and see • l> LU Gerry tents, sleeping bags, packs, frames, ponchos and ~ G) r G) (.!) many other items l> er: (/) (/) LU -I 0 ~ @ - (") LU • (")"Tl "Cl) Cl) C • 0 z (") <( zo Q.. m S:: LU r~ 1- Cl) l> • Cl) ...J (") Cl) 0 Cl) l> l2!0 2 s:: ~ LU ~~ • mo Q.. ':! -I <( Cl) ~ Alpine design tents, sleeping bags, (") l> ~ frames, mountain parkas, town C (") 0 jackets and many other items. ~ Alppine ~ -I w (/) 0 I­ . ~ <( ~DESIGns "Tl (/) er: C • 1- m "Tl 2 rr w (") l> (.) For 3 catalogs (Gerry, Alpine Designs 0 Cl) 2 and Richmoor) Send 50 cents to: z :I: 0 Sandlapper Bookstore & Gallery, Inc. -t C (.) l> G) • P. 0. Box 841 - :I: ~ H5'liiff~~""f'lnns.Ulfll~ I I Lexington, S. C. 29072 I ~ ~ -I ; ~~R ~ 0~$ v,9 ,~ • STUFF SACKS. TENT Access ~~" IC AT ION TABLETS • SNAKE BITE KITS• INSECT REPELLENT • FOLDING CANDLE v by Louise K. Rankin Journey to Secession

he lower Atlantic seaboard states, tution was sharper in the South than else­ which comprised the first South, where because Southerners thought the Con­ T acted as a section before 1789. Many stitution did not sufficiently deter Northern things set the South apart from the North: domination. In 1788 Rawlins Lowndes told geography, climate, economy, the Negro­ the South Carolina legislature that the Consti­ even differences in character, according to tution opened the way for a monarchy and James Fallon of South Carolina, who in 1779 gave insufficient defense to Southern inter­ wrote to a friend at home: "The inhabitants ests. "When this new Constitution should be hereabouts Fishkill, N. Y. are all Yankees. I adopted, the sun of the Southern states would mean not to reflect nationally; but their set, never to rise again," warned Lowndes. manners are, to me, abhorrent. I long to leave One historian wrote: and get clear of their oddities." Though too weak to block ratification [ of South Caro­ Although nationalism triumphed over sec­ lina], upcountry members voted no almost to a man, following the lead of such blunt tongues as General tionalism during the Revolutionary era, there Sumter and the tough old Indian killer Patrick was fear of Northern domination throughout Calhoun. They balked, however, not so much in zeal the Continental congresses. The contest be­ for the common man as in fear of uncommon national tween the North and the South showed its power .... They held out then for "states' rights," face during the first congress in 1774 when prophetically sounding an alarm the coastal gentry would raise a few decades later. In that anxious time the nonexportation of goods to Britain was sons of coastal nationalists would ironically hail as introduced and South Carolina asked that rice their high priest and defender a son of old Patrick, and indigo be excepted; the Northerners con­ who had ridden to Charleston ... as the first back­ ceded the point on rice. In the fall of 1775, woodsman to invade the aristocratic Commons and South Carolina Congressman Edward Rut­ now rejected a Constitution aristocrats had made. ledge moved that Negroes, slave or free, be Warnings against the Constitution did not discharged from service in the Continental hold up against the Pinckneys and John Rut­ forces, thinking it unwise for them to be ledge, who had helped write that document. armed. Later, the idea of using Negro troops The final vote in the state was 149 to 70 in was revived, but the South Carolina legislature favor, though the forces against the Constitu­ rejected it as being too dangerous. tion cannot be underestimated. By 1791, The Articles of Confederation created ill Southerners who had favored the Constitu­ feeling between North and South. Rutledge, tion joined those who had originally opposed distrustful of national power, said: it to defend Southern interests. The idea of destroying all provincial distinctions and In 1823, Thomas Cooper, president of the making everything of the most minute kind bend to South Carolina College, began instructing the what they call the good of the whole, is in other terms state in the evils of nationalism. He was anti­ to say that these Southern colonies must be subject to bank, anti-internal improvements and anti­ the .. . Eastern provinces. tariff-in short, anti-American System. He de­ South Carolina maintained a vigorous atti­ clared that the power "of the President, ... tude on sectionalism. In 1778, William Henry of the Congress ... and, more than all, the Drayton proclaimed in the South Carolina power of the Supreme Court, ... the most Assembly that the state did not want the con­ dangerous body in the Union, has increased, is federation to have any power a state could increasing, and ought to be diminished." use, and that South Carolina, afraid the North States' rights and sectional feelings were would overcome the South, wanted the con­ rapidly growing. Gov. John L. Wilson warned sent of 11 states, not just 9. the South Carolina legislature in 1824, "The The struggle for ratification of the Consti- day, I fear, is not far distant, when South

52 Sand lap per --

History Illustrated

John Rutledge Robert Y. Hayne

Thomas Cooper John C. Calhoun

Secession was rooted in sectionalism which dated to independence days. South Carolina's John Rutledge helped formulate the Constitution, which was staunchly opposed by many Southerners. Cooper, Hayne and Calhoun later advocated Southern nationalism and states' rights to check the powers of the Federal government. Other South Carolina statesmen disagreed: Petigru was a Unionist. Orr endorsed the idea of cooperation with other southern states. James L. Orr James L. Petigru

Carolina shall be grievously assessed, to pay Charleston" and pictured the rural scene as of for the cutting of a canal across Cape Cod." "fields abandoned, agriculture drooping ... Increasingly the state protested the nationalist slaves, like their masters, working harder, and program of John Quincy Adams' administra­ faring worse .... " On such economic found­ tion. Disunion was suggested early by the ations the tariff controversy that ended in more radical in South Carolina, and it was in nullification developed, though some South this state that opposition to the tariff came Carolinians realized that the main reasons for closest to unanimity. Disunion sentiment was their inadequate returns from agriculture were apparent in 1827 when, before an antitariff the exhaustion of the soil and their inability assembly in Columbia, Cooper damned Henry to compete in cotton production with the Clay's American System as a Northern ruse to new Southwest. pick Southern pockets and questioned John C. Calhoun was turning away from whether membership in the United States was nationalism in 1827, and when the policy of a worth the price. He declared, "We shall before protective tariff, begun in 1816, led to an in­ long ... be compelled to calculate the value crease in customs duties culminating in 1828 of the Union." The majority of South Caro­ in the very high duties of the Tariff of Abomi­ linians were aghast at these sentiments, but nations, the turn to sectionalism was com­ the argument was the first of the factional pleted. Calhoun advocated states' rights to clashes pitting the Unionists against the nulli­ prevent the national government from over­ fiers. stepping its powers. A state convention should Southern nationalism was developing fast. be able, he reasoned, to block local enforce­ South Carolina, particularly the city of ment of a national law. He conceded only one Charleston, was well suited to lead the ideal, check on the state: a majority vote of the for in the 1820s the center of power in the states to amend the Constitution. In this South was passing from Virginia to South Car­ theory of the concurrent majority, Calhoun olina. Hard times had hit the Old South. tried to protect the Southern minority. He Robert Y. Hayne spoke of "the mournful had two objectives: the preservation of the evidence of premature decay in the city of Union and the security of the South. In 1832

May 1973 53 his theory of "interposition" was adopted by purses and our liberty," and Robert Barnwell South Carolina to prevent the tariff from Rhett declared that the state "had no right operating. under this government but what she was pre­ The Unionists had been strong enough in pared to assert in the tented field." Southern the 1830 legislature to block the necessary nationalism was definitely increasing in in­ vote for nullification, but in 1832 they lost tensity. An English traveler in South Carolina the convention vote. However, the popular in 1835 at dinner jokingly asked the company vote seemingly was not behind the nullifiers. if they considered themselves Americans, and In October 1832, Unionist James L. Petigru one of the guests immediately answered, "No, wrote Hugh S. Legare in Belgium that the Sir, I am a South Carolinian." nullifiers had swamped the Unionists and that Southern opinion on slavery changed after in the bitter election campaign in Charleston the 1831 Nat Turner insurrection. Between both parties had resorted to undercover 1800 and 1830, Southern opinion seems to means: getting the opposition drunk and even have been fairly liberal, though attitudes keeping voters under lock and key. The con­ varied in different parts of the South. South­ vention met in what one historian termed "an erners admitted the abstract evils of slavery, atmosphere of roaring bravado" and passed but maintained that it would require many the ordinance of nullification. years for the institution to die out and that During this period, the Unionists- led by any movement toward manumission should Joel R. Poinsett, Daniel E. Huger, Petigru, be extreme,J.y gradual and should come from James R. Pringle and Joseph Johnston- were them. But in the 1830s William Lloyd Garri­ horrified at the supporting legislation passed: son's American Anti-Slavery Society flooded the Replevin Act, Militia Act and Test Oath the mails with abolitionist propaganda. Act. These, in effect, put the state govern­ Attacks by abolitionists broadened into an ment in the hands of states' rights men and assault on the moral character of slaveholders. were bitterly resented by Unionists. Huger Moderate Sen. William C. Preston reputedly indignantly asked, "Can I be called a freeman remarked that if the abolitionists persisted, "a when I am to be tried by a perjured judge and man like myself will not be at liberty any a packed jury?" The Unionists began organ­ more to speak his mind." In 1835 Charleston izing into military companies and their lead­ nullifiers and Unionists were so outraged at ers, especially Poinsett, kept in close touch abolitionist literature pouring into the city with President Jackson. that they raided the post office and burned When the Compromise of 1833, which pro­ the mail in the streets. Thus the proslavery vided for a gradual tariff reduction, and the argument, John C. Calhoun's "positive good," Force Bill, which allowed force in tariff col­ took hold in South Carolina. The first impor­ lection, were passed simultaneously, reactions tant publication by a Southerner justifying in South Carolina varied. The Unionists said slavery, Thomas Roderick Dew's "Review of "God and Old Hickory" were with them. The the Debates in the Virginia Legislatures of private reaction of nullifiers may be gauged 1831 and 1832," was not a reply to Northern by George McDuffie 's reference to Jackson as abolitionists but an effort to convince South­ the "driveling old dotard in the White erners that slavery was a necessary institution. House." Dew added nothing new, but organized all the Federal-state tensions eased with the 1833 arguments which already had been made for compromise, but both factions in the state slavery with a smooth, scholarly persuasive­ had dark forebodings. Petigru predicted a ness. There were no qualifications or doubts "devilish evil day" ahead and Legare wrote in his conclusions. "His reasoning had a from Belgium that "dangers are around and quality of polished, genteel finality," said one above and below and ,within our poor little historian. So the slavery question tended to State . . . . We are the last of the race of South differentiate, particularly after the 1830s, Carolina; I see nothing before us but down­ Southern from Northern thought. In the next fall." The nullifiers also had dire predictions. two decades William Gilmore Simms, editor James H. Hammond said that after a few of the Southern Quarterly Review in Charles­ years another assault would be made on "our ton from 1848 to 1854, was "to awake the

54 Sandlappet There's a Diff ere nee Between Having a Past and Having a Heritage ...

. . . and that's what The Southern Heritage Society is all about. A book club for those who want to discover what the South has been, what it is, and what it will be. To know and understand the region, with all of its richness and diversity, is no mean task. It is much more than an accumulation of facts and figures; it is a keen sensitivity to the very fabric of Southern life which makes the region truly unique. Books about the South are as diverse as the region itself But The Southern Heritage Society promises to offer its members a variety of books covering all aspects of Southern life-politics, biography, folklore, fiction, gardening, architecture, history, poetry, cooking. The Southern Heritage Library will offer hundreds of book selections. Some will be the world-acclaimed classics of Southern literature, some will be current best sellers, some little-known volumes that will acquaint you with particular events and conditions which have contributed to shaping and refining the flow of Southern thought and outlook. Any books that you as a member wish to purchase will be made available at special savings ( often below U!holesale cost). In addition to its Library, The Southern Heritage Society also will include a Collector's Guild which will offer you various objets d'art, statuary, medallions, paintings, commemorative items-again at important savings. These works of art, like the books, will reflect our Southern heritage and way of life. To join the Society, complete the coupon below and mail it with a check for ten dollars to cover your membership fee. As a welcoming gift, the Society will send you any two of the books listed below and a set of bookplates designed especially for its members. If you're into Southern Americana, let us hear from you soon!

QCarolina Gold Rush- Q The Sound and the Fury Q Wind from the Main QWebster's New World America's First by William Faulkner by Anne Osborne Dictionary by Bruce Roberts Undoubtedly one of the A novel based on the Special edition for the The half-century when classics of Southern adventures of notorious 1970's. 36 full color North Carolina was the literature, this novel de- woman pirate Anne plates and all illustra­ leading gold producing picts the conflict be- Bonny who loved and tions in color. ($9.95) state. Photographs and tween the past and the fought up and down the maps. ($4.50) present in the modern east coast with Black- 0 Ghosts of the Carolinas South. ($6.95) beard, Steele Bonnet and by Nancy and QToe Mansions of Virginia Calico Jack. ($6.95) Bruce Roberts by Thomas Tileston O Recipes from the Old Photographically illus- Waterman South 0 Home by the River trated collection of the Here, for the first time, by M. L. Meade by Archibald Rutledge Carolinas' best ghost an architect has made a Crammed with delight- The story of Hampton tales. ($3.95) full study of more than ful recipes for old Plantation, its people Southern specialties for and its wildlife told only forty of the pre-Re- 0 Embattled Confederates:~ volutionary mansions of every mood and season- as a great poet can. 28 An Illustrated History .,.. Virginia, with many de- beaten biscuits, peach photographs. ($10.00) of Southerners at War ' tailed illustrations. cobbler, ham pops, by Bill Irvin Wiley Sa_itf-ern Heritage Society dulcet cream. ($3.95) ($10.00) 0 Patchwork for Beginners An exciting factual POST OFFICE BOX 1688 by Sylvia Green portrayal of the Con• COLUMBIA, SOUTH CAROLINA 29202 0 A Treasury of Southern QRobert E. Lee: The Man From quilts to pin federate people in I should like to accept your invitation to Folklore And Soldier cushions-everything action with 292 illus- become a member of The Southern Heritage edited by B. A. Botkin by Philip Van Doren you want to know about trations compiled by Society and am enclosing a check for ten dollars to Here's the South as 350 illustrations and patchwork. Step by step H. D. Hilhollen, Curator cover the membership fee . I understand that the Southerners know it and 80,000 words of text, instructions, 97 photo- of Photos, Library of Society will send me the two books checked here tell about it and sing from childhood to the graphs and diagrams. Congress. ($10.00) and also a set of bookplates as welcoming gifts. I about it. ($7 .50) achievements of his ($7.95) further understand that I have no obligation to buy later years. ($9.95) QJaybirds Go To Hell any books in the future. 0 Iron Afloat-The Story on Friday Approximately every four weeks, the Society QJohn C. Calhoun of the Confederate by Havilah Babcock will send me its newsletter which describes the Diary From Dixie by Margaret L. Coit 0 Ironclads Warm, humorous current featured book as well as many others. If I by Mary Boykin Chesnut The biography of the by William St ill hunting and fishing wish to purchase the featured book, I need do Life in the South during great defender of states' Perfect for military and tales told by a great nothing. It will oome to me automatically. If I rights. ($8.50) the Civil War. ($7 .50) naval buffs. ($10.00) outdoorsman. ($4.95) elect not· to purchase the main selection, or prefer an alternate, I'll advise you by using the response 0 Death of the Fox QWhite Columns in card included with each newsletter. by George Garrett Georgia QA Treasury of Life of Sir Walter by Medora Field Southern Folklore NAME. ______Raleigh by the Perkerson edited by B. A . Botkin Writer-in-Residence A delightful account The South as South- ADDRESS______at the University of Georgia's ante- erners know it and of South Carolina. bellum houses. tell about it and ($10.00) ($3.95) sing about it. ($7 .50) CITY STATE ZIP__ _ South to a consciousness of its distinctive soul The First Baptist Church in Columbia was the and to interpret that soul to the nation," first site of the secession convention in December according to Historian William Francis Guess. 1860. With Columbia threatened by smallpox, the Just as there had been three points of view convention adjourned to reconvene in Charleston. in the tariff struggle from 1828 to 183 2, there developed in Sou th Carolina from 184 7 to 1852 three parties: the immediate secessionists, led by Rhett, Gov. Whitemarsh B. Seabrook, Maxcy Gregg and Francis Pickens; the Union­ mise of 1850 was not big in other southern ists, led by Poinsett, Petigru, William Grayson states but intensified in South Carolina. The and Benjamin Perry; and the cooperationists, secessionist movement, 1850 to 1852, was in led by Langdon Cheves, Sen. Robert Barn­ the hands of leaders less well known to the well, A. P. Butler, Christopher Memminger people. Ironically, large slave owners like and Hammond. The last group did not want Nathaniel Heyward, Wade Hampton, Gov. the state isolated, as she had been in the nulli­ William Aiken, William A. Alston and Col. fication crisis. John N. Williams were against the radicals, In 1846 the Wilmot Proviso, a plan to pro­ whereas farmers who owned two or three hibit slavery in new territories, brought South slaves-or none at all-urged South Carolinians Carolinians to a determination that such ex­ every week to secede in defense of slavery. clusion of slave interests would dissolve the The conservative, Charleston-based "coop­ Union. By 1850 nearly half the state's white eration" party had speaking for it the Ham­ population belonged to slave-holding families, burg Republican, Columbia Commercial and South Carolina had the largest proportion Transcript, Charleston Evening News and of slaves in the South-57 .6 percent. Calhoun Anderson Southern Rights Advocate. Perry suggested a Southern convention, which met founded the Southern Patriot, determined, in Nashville on June 3, 1850. South Carolina according to a biographer, Lillian Adele carried the extreme radical viewpoint. Rhett Kibler, "that there should be at least one said Southerners must "rule themselves or newspaper through which the unterrified sons perish," and Langdon Cheves made a power­ of Carolina might speak forth their senti­ ful bid for united secession of the slave­ ments." The first publication of the Patriot, holding states, painting a picture of "one of with the motto, "The Rights of the South and the most splendid empires on which the sun Union of the States," appeared in February ever shone." Many South Carolinians wanted 1851. The publication was patronized by the Plan for State Action, which called for the Unionists all over the South, but secessionist state to withdraw her congressional represent­ newspapers, especially the Pendleton Messen­ atives, take no part in presidential elections ger and Columbia Telegraph, heaped abuse on and have no other voluntary participation in the Patriot. the federal government. Proslavery arguments and disunion senti­ Both the Nashville Convention and the Plan ments were the order of the day. Secessionist for State Action foundered. The second Nash­ pamphlets were circulated by Edward S. ville Convention, held on November 11, Bryan, William Henry Trescot and John seemed to prove that there was no hope of Townsend. The proslavery argument was concerted action by the South. Rhett had given in a volume of essays published in 1852 tried desperately for the state's secession but in Charleston. Titled The Pro-Slavery Argu­ failed. ment, it contained articles by Dew, William The Compromise of 1850, regarding the ex­ Harper, Hammond and Simms. Even Unionist tension of slavery into territories of the Perry upheld slavery as a great blessing to the United States, friction of Fugitive Slave Laws, African race. A state convention met in April and the admission sought by California in 1852 and drew up an ordinance asserting the 1849 as a free state, was the most significant right of secession and a resolution declaring attempt to settle the differences between that the only reason for not using the right North and South over the slavery question. was expediency. The resistance program against the Compro- From 1852 until 1860, Southern national-

56 Sand lapper ists controlled state politics. Cheves and propaganda machine of the Southern Rights Butler died in 1857, and the cooperationist Association and flooded the cotton states leadership passed to Rep. James L. Orr, with pamphlets. The first one issued, Edward Memminger, James Chesnut Jr., D. F. B. Bryan's "The Rightful Remedy," was pub­ Jamison and writers Henry Timroct and lished in 1850. Simms set the trend for Simms. Agitators for a future confederacy, Southern nationalism in the Southern Quar­ they did not limit themselves to the politics terly Review in 1851 with such articles as "Is of South Carolina; they seized control of the Southern Civilization Worth Preserving?" The

May 1973 57 ..' I >

'.a:- ,- :;_: .: ~ ~ -Photo reproduction by Richa~ d- Taylor At St. Andrew's Hall in Charleston, where the secession delegates regrouped after leaving Columbia, the secession ordinance was adopted. Five minutes later, the Charleston Mercury was out with a special edition.

Charleston Mercury was the spokesman for on the senate floor marked a new high in sec­ fire-eater Rhett. L. W. Spratt, editor of the tional feeling. Attacks on slavery continued Charlotte, North Carolina, Daily Standard, unabated. The South counterattacked in 1856 launched a campaign in 1853 for the revival by questioning the ethics of the Northern in­ of the slave trade. The so-called Congo party dustrial society. William J. Grayson, collector that urged this step was downed by the state's for the port of Charleston, published a conservatives. rhymed poem titled "The Hireling and the When the Kansas-Nebraska Act was passed Slave," which contrasted the security of both. in 1854, the rights of the South seemed safer Many Southerners were writing rebuttals to in the Union. Orr wrote Perry, "Slavery, state Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom 's Cabin. rights and the rights of the South are stronger The Kansas controversy was raging and there today than they ever were at any preceding was an intense feeling in South Carolina time." The moderates (Perry, Pickens, Preston against the New England Emigrant Aid Brooks and Josiah Evans) wanted Southern Society, an organization formed to send "free rights within the Union and national influence soil" settlers into Kansas and prevent it from through the national Democratic party. They becoming a slave state. South Carolina sent considered the party sound on slavery and some armed men to Kansas. states' rights, whereas the radicals were dis­ However, at a Southern governor's con­ trustful. This struggle between nationalists and ference at Raleigh, North Carolina, there was states' rights Democrats was complicated in a belief that Southern interests would be pro­ 185 5 by an attempt to organize a Know­ tected in the Union with the president, Nothing party. senate, and house in Democratic hands. Sectional lines were building to a point of Optimistic South Carolina Unionists relaxed no return in 1856. The Brooks-Sumner affair in 1857 when Orr was elected speaker of the

58 Sand lap per ~

house, feeling that "South Carolina's repudia­ Carolina tried to prevent state representation tion of isolation was complete." The climax at the national democratic convention in of Northern indignation came in 1857 with Charleston, hoping for a strictly Southern the Dred Scott decision, which was highly party. favorable to the Southern viewpoint. In 1858 The state Democratic convention at } the moderates were feeling reasonably secure. Columbia, according to the Charleston 'i' Hammond wrote U. S. Rep. William Porcher Courier, was an assembly of men " of high I Miles in Charleston that "revolutions are not tone and extended reputation," representing effected on abstractions," and Perry thought all but seven districts in the state. The conven­ :1 1 Unionism triumphant in the state. tion was moderate, with Orr as president, and Orr and Perry seemed to have supplanted the members hoped to control Southern in­ Rhett, and Francis Pickens thought the best terests within the national party. The dele­ policy for the South was to stay in the Union gates endorsed the 1856 Cincinnati platform, and control it. "But while the surface current approved the Dred Scott decision and denied flowed with the Unionists an undercurrent of popular sovereignty in the territories. Southern resistance was slowly rising," wrote On April 23 , 1860, the national Demo­ Biographer Kibler. Rhett, William Lowndes cratic convention opened in Charleston. The Yancey and Edmund Ruffin, with speeches, location was unfortunate-radical sentiment pamphlets, leagues and associations, were pre­ was rampant, the weather humid and hotel paring the Southern mind for the idea of in­ accommodations inadequate. When the dependence. James D. B. Debow, editor of Douglas platform was accepted over the pro­ Debow's Review, spoke for commercial in­ Southern Alabama platform, 13 South Caro­ dependence, while William Gregg urged the lina delegates withdrew. The three delegates South to equal the North in manufacturing. not withdrawing, and subsequently hissed by The defeat of the Lecompton Constitution, the galleries, were Perry, J. P. Reed and with which President Buchanan tried to bribe Lemuel Boozer. The course of the South settlers in Kansas to accept slavery in return Carolina delegates at Charleston in with­ for free public lands, was seen as proof by the drawing was generally approved in the state. radicals that the Democratic party was not to Nevertheless, there was still a real difference be trusted, and Orr and Hammond were of opinion on whether to unite the party at accordingly denounced. However, the election Baltimore, where the national convention was of Chestnut to the senate in 1858 was con­ adjourning, or accredit delegates only to Rich­ sidered a victory for the conservatives and, mond for a strictly Southern convention. certainly, final defeat for the Congo party. The radicals controlled the state conven­ The influence of the moderates was given a tion on May 30, and Rhett and Armistead rude shock with the impact on the South of Burt headed the delegation. The fact that this John Brown's raid in October 1859. "Aboli­ choice of delegates left Sou th Carolina tionism had at last reached its logical climax," divided seems to indicate that approximately noted a historian. The significance of the half the people of the state hoped at the end episode in the development of South Caro­ of May 1860 that their interests might be pro­ lina's secession was undoubtedly great. The tected and, at the same time, the Union pre­ rebellion and Northern acclamation of Brown served through the party. drove many conservatives into the radical The Richmond convention, meeting June camp. Perry, the chief Unionist, denounced 11, accredited delegates, with the exception the Northern attitude in no uncertain terms, of South Carolina and Florida, to Baltimore. and Gov. William H. Gist's message to the The South Carolina delegation stayed in Rich­ state legislature was definitely disunionist. mond to await proceedings of the Baltimore The legislature passed 16 sets of radical re­ convention and had no part in the subsequent solutions, one of which stated that South nomination of John C. Breckenridge as the Carolina was ready for a Southern confedera­ presidential candidate for the South. Later, tion. The disunion movement failed, as only the state ratified the choice. Mississippi and Alabama voted delegates. But Perry still thought Abraham Lincoln could as early as March 1859 the radicals in South (Continued on page 68)

May 1973 59 If your secret fishing spot is no secret anytnore, take heart. On Seabrook Island, we've got a fishing hole 3,000 tniles wide.

We call it the Atlantic. All this and tranquility, too. It runs for miles along our island . Solitude personified ; a wave-swept A lifetime investment virgin beach. in enjoyment the minute you purchase here. It stretches salt fingers behind us , too. And considering Into beautiful tidal creeks that we 're only 20 minutes from shelter shrimp, oysters, and delectable Charleston and blue crabs. Yours for the picking. 130 minutes from New York, it's hard to imagine / so much so close to so many. But more important (for the fisherman) is the fishing. The surf and creeks abound with game fish : channel bass, bluefish, pompano, flounder, and speckled trout. Beyond that- marlin, sailfish, tarpon, tuna, dolphin, and snapper. Sacred names in fishdom.

wewili.build ~~-r ~ odern marina on one of these creeks, at the Atlantic 's door. Along with two 18-hole championship . If you'd like more information on this golf courses. A warm and friendly beach sportsmans-golfer's paradise, contact: club. Luxurious condominiums. Tennis Seabrook Island Company, courts. And much more, to go along with P. 0 . Box 99, Charleston, S. C., 29402 your estate-size building site. or phone 803/ 723-4804.

This offeri ng not available to res idents in sta tes where prohibited by law. events All activities to be considered for the Calendar of Events must be sent directly to the Events Editor, Sand­ lapper Press, Inc., P.O. Box 1668, Columbia, South Carolina 29202, no later than 45 days prior to the first of the month in which the activity will occur.

dance

MAY 11-12 BEAUFORT-Beaufort Elementary School Auditorium­ The Byrne Miller Dance Theatre. 18 CLINTON-Laurens·Clinton Community Concert Series: "Frula," Yugoslavian Dance Troupe.

cinema

MAY 1,8,15,22,29 GREENVILLE-Thomas F. Parker Auditorium-''Movie Madness" Film Series. 8 GAFFNEY-Limestone College- "The Big Sleep." FLORENCE-Francis Marion College- "Juliet of the Spir· its." 9 HARTSVILLE-Coker College-Film Festival: "8'h."

lectures

MAY 2 GREENVILLE- Furman University- Samuel S. Hill Jr., University of Florida. 9 GREENVILLE-Furman University- Andrew Young, Southern Christian Leadership Conference. JUNE 4-9 ABBEVILLE- The Opera House- "The Last Hour."

music

MAY 1 FLORENCE - West Florence High School- John Darrenkamp, Baritone.

SPARTANBURG-Converse College- "Lucia di Lammer­ moor. '' 4-9 SPAR TAN BURG-Converse College- Spartanburg Music Festival. 5-6 GAFFNEY- Limestone College-Music Department's Prep Students in Recital. 6 CHARLESTON-"Lollipop Concert," Charleston GJ"he Old South. A time and place Symphony Orchestra. CHARLESTON-Charles Towne Landing- Fort Johnson where hospitality was a way of life. School Band Concert. This is the spirit of Rebel Yell. Sold SP ART AN BURG-Converse College-Spartanburg Sym­ phony Music Festival Artist Night. only below the Mason-Dixon line. 9-10 MYRTLE BEACH-Convention Center- "The Oscar.'' 11-13 GREENVILLE-Furman University-Band·A·Rama. 12 REBEL YELL ~REB~ELL SPARTANBURG-Converse College- Parade of Quartets. -••.1,/1;.,/,.ffi -f-, 0)1..l ..... 7!....i.,1)1.J.,f-.ll• 13 ~ Gfiogt GJ3our6on. qf th.8 South. CHARLESTON-Charles Towne Landing-Mother's Day ;:~ ~~1..::~tF.JjJJ Concert. 1lic IiEtif lim -rtt I C May 1973 Stitzel-Weller Distillery. Louisville, Kentucky. 90 Proof Kentucky Straight Bourbon. The Promise of Bay Tree Golf Plantation Bay Tree Golf Plantation Condominiums championship holes of ... near the Carolina coast golf. Each 2, 3 or 4 bed­ ... yet set apart. From your room unit is an individual condominium win- -' ~ ~ ill·.~ town house with a dow, built among emi.,,l private garden tall pines, the view --- --.. plaza. There will be of rolling fairways no hurried high is dotted with the rises or busy apart­ quiet blue of lakes ment complexes ... and ponds. Horne is the natural beauty a very special place of · of Bay Tree will rough sawed cypress never be spoiled .. . boards and cedar shin­ · · that's our Jrornise to gled roof, highlighted by both nature an our resi­ splashes of stucco and nes- dents ... the promise of the tled amid an oasis of 54 good life, at Bay Tree.

Located just west of the Intra­ For our free brochure write: coastal Waterway on South Box 786 Carolina Highway 9 ... Minutes North Myrtle Beach, from the Atlantic. South Carolina 29582

14 1·31 FLORENCE-West Florence High School-Florence art SPARTANBURG-Wofford College-Exhibition by Philip Symphony Orchestra Pops Concert. Mullen of USC. 18 MYRTLE BEACH- Convention Center-Alex Powers' GAFFNEY-Limestone College-Student Recital by Through May 5 Students Exhibit. Maridell Benner. ORANGEBURG-State College-Student Art Exhibit. HILTON HEAD ISLAND-The Red Piano Art Gallery-Jane 25,29 Through May 6 Chenoweth Exhibit. GREENVILLE-Bob Jones University-Commencement CHARLESTON--Oibbes Art Gallery-26th Annual South 4-6 Concert. Carolina Artists Exhibition. DARLINGTON-Darlington County Courthouse Grounds­ Through May 7 Darlington Arts Festival. COLUMBIA-University of South Carolina-Chris S. Over­ voorde, One-Man Show. WALTERBORO- Farmers and Merchants Bank-Sidewalk C LEMSON--Clemson University-"The Television Tech· Art Show. niq ue" Art Exhibit. 5-6 Through May 1 O MYRTLE BEACH-Waccamaw Arts and Crafts Guild Juried theatre GREENWOOD-State Art Exhibit. Art Show. Through May 13 5-12 ABBEVILLE-State Art Exhibit. COLUMBIA-International Annual Exhibit for Cloistered GREENWOOD-Student Art Mobile. Artists. Through May 15 5-19 CHARLESTON--Oibbes Art Gallery-Fourth International AIKEN- Rose Hill Art Center-Aiken Artist Guild Show. MAY Miniature Print Competition Exhibit. 6-27 3-4, 7 Through May 17 SUMTER- Sumter Gallery of Art-Exhibit by Sharon and BARNWELL-Hagood Avenue Auditorium-"Hello, Dolly!" SPARTANBURG-'l'he Gallery-Robert Mills, One-Man Philip Whitley. 8-19 Show. CHARLESTON--Oibbes Art Gallery- 14th Annual Springs COLUMBIA-Workshop Theatre-''Vivat! Vivat Regina! ' ' Through May 25 Traveling Art Show. 9, 11·12 SPARTANBURG-Converse College-Converse College Art 6-30 CHARLESTON--Oarden Theatre-"Carmen." Students Show. GREENVILLE--Oreenville County Museum of Art- 27th 10 Through May 26 Annual Juried Painting and Sculpture Exhibition. FLORENCE-Florence Country Club-Florence Little Thea­ COLUMBIA-Columbia Museum of Art-The Introspective 9-June 30 tre Awards Night. Italian Show. CLEMSON-Clemson University-"Architectural Thesis 10·12, 15-19 Exhibition 1972." GREENVILLE-Furman University-11 After the Rain." Through May 27 13·20 10·12, 15-19, 22-26 CHAR LESTON--Oibbes Art Gallery--Oibbes Invitational: COLUMBIA-Columbia Museum of Art- Richland Art GREENVILLE--Oreenville Little Theatre-"Company." Low Country Artists. School's Festival of Talents. 11-13 Through May 30 13-June 10 SPARTANBURG--'l'he Christian Drama Group Presents COLUMBIA-Columbia Museum of Art-Small Sculptures CHARLESTON-Citadel Museum- Art Exhibit, "Noah's Flood." by Barbara Lekburg. Contemporary Photographs from Sweden. 17·29 MAY 14-27 AIKEN-Aiken Jr. High School Auditorium- "Yeoman of 1·16 EDGEFIELD-Student Art Mobile. the Guard." DUE WEST-Erskine College-Nutrition of Burundi, Chil· GREENWOOD-State Art Exhibit. 18-19, 24·26, June 1·2 dren's Works of UNICEF. 19-June 27 CHARLESTON-Dock Street Theatre- "Witness for the 1·21 CHARLESTON-Citadel Museum-Art Exhibit: "History of Prosecution." COLUMBIA-Columbia Museum of Art-105th Annual Paper Making." 24,28 American Watercolor Society Show. GREENVILLE-Bob Jones University- "Othello." 1·28 28-June 11 GAFFNEY-Claflin College- Faculty Members from EDGEFIELD-State Art Exhibit. Affiliated Institutions of the South Carolina Association of Schools of Art, Exhibition.

62 Sandlapper JUNE 13 1·27 CHARLESTON-Middleton Place-Greek Spring Festival. SPARTANBURG-<:onverse College-The South Carolina 15 Association of Schools of Art Faculty Art Show. GREENVILLE-Textile Hall-Bass Anglers Sportsmen Anne Osborne 3-24 Society Fishing Seminar. MYRTLE BEACH-Convention Center-14th Annual 18 Springs Traveling Art Show. GEORGETOWN-Rice Museum Natal Day. 9-10 18-19 MYRTLE BEACH-<:hapin Park-Art in the Park. CHARLESTON-Municipal Auditorium-Dog Show, Charleston Kennel Club. Wind 18-20 miscellaneous CAMDEN-Second Annual "Hey Days." CLEMSON-Clemson University-Southeastern Regional From Meeting of the Animal Behavior Society. Through June 17 19 SANTEE-Santee-Cooper Lakes-Annual World's Cham­ CHARLESTON-Naval Base-Armed Forces Day. pionship Landlocked Striped Bass Fishing Derby. COLUMBIA-Fort Jackson-Armed Forces Day Obser· The MAY vance. 1·20 21·27 MYRTLE BEACH-Second Annual Spring Fling Fiesta. SUMTER-Sumter Iris Festival. I-November 30 JUNE Main MYRTLE BEACH-20th Annual Grand Strand Fishing 3 Rodeo. CHARLESTON-Charles Towne Landing-Jefferson Davis' $6.95 4·6 Birthday Celebration. SANTEE-Wings and Wheels- Annual Antique Aircraft EUTAWVILLE-Rocks Pond Campground-Swamp Fox Association Fly-In. Boat Club and Rescue Squad Annual Water Sport Show. JAMESTOWN-Hell Hole Swamp Festival. 4.9 5-27 ABBEVILLE-Public Square-Festival Time In Abbeville. COLUMBIA-Columbia Museum and Planetarium­ 6-10 "Journey to Darkness." MYRTLE BEACH-22nd Sun Fun Festival. 6 9 CHARLESTON to JAMESTOWN-Great Hell Hole Swamp TRENTON-Trenton Peach Festival. Bicycle Race.

CHARLESTON-Municipal Auditorium-Miss Charleston Contest. horse shows 7-15 SANTEE-Wings and Wheels-Angel Derby (23rd Annual All Women's International Air Race). MAY 10 5-6 CHARLESTON-Charles Towne Landing-{;onfederate GEORGETOWN-Ninth Annual Georgetown Horse Show. Memorial Day Observances. 19-20 GREENVILLE-Thomas F. Parker Auditorium-Stay-at­ HILTON HEAD ISLAND-Lawton Fields Stable-Fourth Home Potpourri Travel Tour: "Alaska As I Saw It," Annual Sea Pines Horse Show. sandlapper press, inc. Miss Margaret Galphin. JUNE P. 0. Box 1668, Columbia, S.C. 29202 11·13 ST. MATTHEWS-{;alhoun County Purple Martin Festival. ABBEVILLE-Shrine Club Park-Abbeville County Shrine CHARLESTON-Municipal Auditorium-Home Show. Club Horse Show.

The R. L. Bryan Company""' Greystone Executive Park ""' Columbia, South Carolina

May 1973 63 IF YOU'VE EVER LONGED TO LIVE A CALM AND GRACEFUL LIFE -- THEN THE CAROLINA LOW­ COUNTRY NOW AFFORDS YOU THE OPPORTUNITY. Heritage Village. In Mt. Pleasant just across the Cooper River from Old Charleston.

A secluded location, but totally convenient. Two and three bedroom townhouses on scenic Lake Heritage. Clubhouse, tennis courts, swimming pool, lake--even a gardener. All of this is yours. But no problems -condominium living frees you from the worries of property maintenance.

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Come see us-or let us mail you our brochure. You owe it to yourself to learn more about us. HERITAGE VILLAGE TOWNHOUSE CONDOMINIUMS• MATHIS FERRY ROAD• MT. PLEASANT, S. C. 29464 Telephone 884-3217 (Continued from Page 7) article on "Sir Banastre's Doodle­ book." When Ban and Joyce left Green­ ville, I told them how to get to the battlefield at Cowpens. Some days later I received a note postmarked Danville, Virginia. In a photo was Ban and a strange woman standing in front of the battle monument. An exclusive On the back of the photo was writ­ private resort ten: "The Tarletons meet the in the South's Morgans again at Cowpens, this time without bloodshed." most magnificent While the Tinlings had been look­ mountain setting ing over the battleground, a carload of Americans had driven up. Upon his introducing himself, the woman had said that she was a descendant of Daniel Morgan. I told this story to a gathering in Spartanburg, and the radio announcer said that he had heard the story from the other side and that the woman was Mrs. Drummond, wife of the manager of radio station WORD. Robert Bass Residential lots Marion, South Carolina and luxury condominium I have enjoyed Sandlapper. I apartments think it is a beautiful magazine. I and townhouses bought it chiefly because it was about South Carolina. The last couple of issues I received were a disappointment because there were articles other than South Carolina and for "general information," I can subscribe to other magazines that cost less.

Mrs. W. N. Young Mt. Pleasant, S. C.

An accolade from me to you. This February 1973 issue tops them all. It goes into my "permanent GRANDFATHER collection." Of special interest was the story and the illustrations about Golf and Country Club the Florence Museum .. .. Knowing DEVELOPED BY G.F. CO. and working with Miss Crisp at the This is not an offer to sell. P1,1rcha ser must v isit and Raleigh Museum, have an added LI NYI LLE, N. C. inspect property, and receive a property report. interest in the one at Florence since PHONE (704) 898-4512 she acted as director at Florence after leaving Raleigh.

Mrs. W. George Thomas Asheville, North Carolina

May 1973 65 The hypers and their helpers by Dan Rottenberg It is time for another tale from my for making fools of themselves over axes to grind. Besides, most of them erstwhile home, the great state of In­ basketball: By doing so, they were all would base their votes on the same fac­ diana. showing what good Hoosiers they tors you or I would: Who makes the Many years ago, when there wasn't were. Isn't that what it said in the most money, who drives the biggest much else to do, Hoosiers developed papers? car, who gets his name in the papers an interest in basketball. A high school Amidst all this hoopla it was always most often. game was as good a way to spend a dismaying to come to Indianapolis for So it is with the Academy Awards. Friday night as any other, and in time the state championship game, fight There are 3,078 voting members of the the game grew to such stature that in your way through mobs at the Butler Academy, most of whom work for hundreds of communities throughout University field house, take your seat in studios with films in the running. The the state the most important person in a press section packed with hardened future financial health of their studios town was no longer the mayor, the veterans of thirty and forty years in the can very often ride on an Academy banker, the factory owner, the newspaper business, and discover that Award or two, as all the voting newpaper editor or the president of the players you were watching on the members well know. the Rotary Club. It was the gawky, court were ... the same gawky Membership is supposed to reflect sixteen-year-old star of the local high teenagers who have always played achievement in some phase of the school basketball team. basketball in Indiana and every other motion picture industry, but to be ad­ Whole townfuls of middle-aged state. mitted you must be recommended by mom-and-pop types would travel fifty I mention this story because by the two members and approved by the or sixty miles Friday and Saturday time you read this we will have board of governors. As for the com­ nights to scream their heads off in witnessed the motion picture in­ position of the board, we know that behalf of their pimpled heroes. Deep dustry's answer to Hoosier Hysteria. I former president Gregory Peck has down inside they all knew it was a little am referring to the Academy Awards said," I'd like to see the average age of silly, but it was a pleasant escape from presentation. board members drop somewhere the cares of the week. Sometimes industry awards can below fifty." As for the voting Then the media discovered Indiana even hold interest for the general membership in general, we know that high school basketball. The strange public. I would be very interested, for one of those still eligible to vote is behavior of Hoosier adults at basket­ example, to know whom the local doc­ Howard Hughes, wherever he is. bal I games was chronicled in tors would pick as the best physician, It is impossible to say, of course, magazines and novels as "Hoosier surgeon, psychiatrist, gynecologist, whether Howard Hughes and his Hysteria." Suddenly, the over-em­ and pediatrician in town. I would be Academy col leagues have better tastes phasis on high school basketball had fascinated if the local bar association than members of other closed become a recognized phenomenon, picked a lawyer of the year. But of societies, like the National Film Critics something that had made the state course I would take such choices with a or the New York Film Critics. But the famous. Suddenly, Rotarians and grain of salt, knowing that the doctors staging of a media event, complete Kiwanians no longer needed an excuse and lawyers who made the choices had with TV cameras, orchestra, ------1-- A selective guide to movies (NOTE: The bold face letter following ~ach film i, perpetuating cycle of many black women ana with it a with delightful good humor and civilized charm. In the classification given to the film by the motion pic­ small piece of black truth, a rare commodity in a black French, with English subtitles. R ture industry. These ratings don't a/ways make sense, film these days. With Peggy Pettitt, Louise Stubbs, and some theatre owners ignore them, but they do Brock Peters; from J.E. Franklin's play. PG CRIES AND WHISPERS - Ingmar Bergman's film give a vague idea of a film 's suitability for children. G about two sisters and a servant woman maintaining a denotes open to a// ages; GP, open toa/1 but parental CHILD'S PLAY- Students at a Catholic boys' prep death watch for a third sister is an exquisite and discretion is advised; R, those under 17 mu.

66 Sand lap per performers, and great numbers of slush to see Abbott and Costello on the way," says Cloris Leachman, " giving celebrities in tuxedoes and evening Planet of the Apes. the award is anti everything actors gowns gives the Academy Awards an If you decide that the Academy are"; nevertheless, she happily air of legitimacy in much the same way Awards aren't worth more than a accepted it last year for her supporting all that publicity legitimizes the In­ paragraph or two and shouldn't be role in The Last Picture Show. It takes diana high school championship. If covered in person, you will spend someone with a great deal of self-con­ you didn't know better, you might awards week slogging through more fidence and inner-direction to be able think the Academy Awards ceremony slush and wondering what to write to reject the Oscar unequivocably, as involved something more than about next Sunday (if you haven't George C. Scott did when he refused recognizing Hollywood's biggest already been fired by your boss, who's to accept his award for Patton. money-makers. Or do you really convinced that the Academy Awards But you expect delusions from ac­ believe The Sound of Music was the are the most important film event of tors, because delusions are their best film made in 1965? the year). business. You expect publicity hypes I am trying hard to avoid one of But if you conclude that the Awards from the film industry for the same those boring arguments about all the are worth covering, you will find reason. That's why we have film critics great artistic European films that have yourself in sunny California, spending in the first place: to help the public see been roundly ignored by the a day with Gene Hackman (Gene through the hype. So it's dismaying to Academy. ( After all , I liked The French Siskel, Chicago Tribune) or an evening find critics following th~ herd instinct Connection.) It may well be, as many at Bailey Howard's celebrity party in their treatment of the Academy people in the movie business contend, (Roger Ebert, Chicago Sun-Times; Awards. In Chicago last year, all four that in the last analysis the only true David Elliott, Chicago Daily News) newspaper film critics attended the measure of a film 's success is how it while accumulating enough material ceremony in person. But in does at the box office. If that's the case, to keep you in stories and features for Philadelphia, for example, none of the then The Godfather is the greatest film weeks. In your commentary on the three local papers has sent anyone to of all time and richly deserves the Awards you will be sure to qualify the awards in years. Oscar it will undoubtedly have everything by noting that you don't " The Academy Awards are im­ received by the time you read this. But agree with the Academy's choices. portant as a gauge of how the industry you don't need a ceremony to tell you Still , you'll give the event sufficient sees itself," says William Collins, critic what film had the biggest gross of the coverage to justify the money your for the Philadelphia Inquirer. " But all year. A copy of Variety will do. paper is spending on your plane and those hysterical people aren't con­ The real culprits in this business, of hotel bills. ducive to levelheaded thinking, which course, are the people in the news I guess what we're really talking I see as my basic function. " media who treat the Academy Awards about here is the vulnerability of daily Precisely. How can a critic help the as something more important than, news media to a slick public relations public see through the hype if he has say, the outstanding young men hype. Stage an event or call a press become part of the hype himself? In­ awards of the national Jaycees. Not that conference and the daily media will cidentally, a few weeks after Bill Collins you can really blame them. Put trip over themselves to cover it. uttered the noble sentiments quoted yourself in the shoes of the film critic Like the ladies and gentlemen of above, he changed his mind and went for your favorite daily newspaper. You the press, the movie actors are am­ to the Academy Awards after all. Not have to find something to write about bivalent about the Academy Awards. that I blame him . If somebody would nearly every weekday in addition to Although Walter Matthau dismisses pay my way to Los Angeles, I'd be turning in a feature story every them as a " raffle," he's already aboard the next plane out. I always was weekend. It's the end of a long winter, accepted one Oscar and presented a sucker for movie stars in tuxedos. and you're tired of slogging through another at last year's ceremony. " In a

film Kafka might have made if he had a se nse of excell ent insight into the press ures and tensio ns of a Su therland, Peter Boyle, and Jane Fonda should be left humor. Frequently hilarious, always charming. With businessma n's day-a subject that movies ra rely alone to do their respective things. Sutherland and Fe rn ando Rey, Stephane Aud ran. In Fr ench with probe. Worth seei ng fo r that reason. Jack Lemmo n is Boyle are almost always hilarious as modern Do n English subtitles. PG the L.A. ga rment manufacturer who wa nts nothing Quixotes who wa nt nothing mo re than to live out more from life than .. another season ... With Ja ck their comic book fantas ies; Boyle's imitation of THE EFFECT OF GAMMA RAYS ON MAN-IN-THE­ Gilford. R Marlon Brando is worth the price of adm ission by MOON MARIGOLDS - Paul Newman's heavy direc­ itself. Alan Myerson d irected. R toria l hand stifles what life there is in this film about a SHAMUS - Dull, si lly detective story with no beaten woman and her two sc hool-a ge daughters discernible redeeming socia l virtues, unless you d ig THE THIEF WHO CAME TO DINNER - Another who are anxious to avoid her fate. Hackneyed scenes the novelty of a white hero who gets the best of a black one of those commercial, amoral films abo ut a lovable abound, and even Joa nne Woodward's bravura villain. Burt Reynolds, Dyan Cannon; Buzz Kulik guy (Rya n O 'Neal) who becomes a jewel thief for the performance is one we've seen many times before. directed. PG hell of it, since he's convi nced society is corrupt With Roberta Wallach, Nell Potts (Woodward's anyway . He doesn't need the mo ney, so he gets his daughter); from Paul Zindel's play. PG SLEUTH - Laurence Olivier and M ichael Ca ine kicks through daring stunts and brazen effrontery, wage a two-and-a-half-hour genuine battle of wits in some of which is quite novel but most of which is too HIT MAN - Thi s remake of Get Ca rter is another an o ld British mansio n, produci ng a detective story slick for its own good. Fa st-paced nevertheless. With of those black act io n films in which the killers always that eve n Sherlock Ho lmes would consider fa r fro m Jacqueline Bisset, Warren Oates; Bud Yorkin d irected. give their ta rgets a hea d st art so as to make the chase elementary. Fine perfo rmances by Olivier, as the PG more interesting. With Bernie Ca sey; George British gentleman o ut to humiliate his lessers through Arm itage d irected. R .. gamesmanship, .. an d by Caine as the social-climb­ THE TRAINROBBERS - When Ann-Margret ing riva l who picks up Olivier's tricks all too quickly. A co nfesses to lusting after John Wa yne's body, Big John MAN OF LA MANCHA - Dale Wasserman's hit ta lky, but it's all good mental exercise . Joseph te lls her:" I've got a saddle that's older than you are." musical about Do n Q u ixote and the triumph of Mankiewicz directed, from Anthony Shaffer's play. This insight into Wayne's sex preferences is the high imag ination over reality suffers at the hands of PG point of another Wayne Western that's talky and o nly producer-director Arthur Hiller; hi.< imagination occasio nally sti rring. With Rod Taylor, Ben Johnson; seems limited to Sop hia Loren's bustline, and in­ SLITHER - James Caan, Peter Boyle, Sa lly Burt Ke nnedy directed. PG variably he goes for the cheap, obvious laugh at the Ke llerman and Louis Lasser chase through a lot of expense of subtlety and o riginal ity. Peter O 'Toole is Cal ifornia towns looking for some srolen money in a TRICK BABY - Almost everything is si mple­ the fe llow w ho d reams the impossible d ream; James fi lm which aims to portray the senselessness of life but minded in t his ta le of a pair of con men-one black, Coco is his si dekick Sa ncho Panza. G re flects only the se nselessness of director Howard Ziff. one white-except for the va ri ous devices they use to PG con suckers, which are very clever indeed. With Kiel SAVE THE TIGER - As a commenta ry on Martin, Mel Stewart; Larry Yu st directed, from STEELYARD BLUES - An irreverent fa rce dehumanization in a mechanized society, Jo hn Iceberg Slim's novel. R dedicated to the refres hing propostio n that Do nald Av ildsen's film is heavy-handed. But it provides

May 1973 67 (Continued from page 59) "General incompatibility, the best of all be checked by congress. How many agreed is grounds for a divorce, had better be pleaded." not clear. Certainly in Greenville and Pickens In October, an Association of Minute Men districts there were many, but the back­ was formed in every district, and their badge, coun try was weak politically; the minority the blue cockade, became a symbol of resis­ ruled. Some said that many in the state agreed tance. The association was a semi-military with Perry but did not have the courage to organization with the declared purpose of de­ admit it. fending the state should secession lead to war. In late 1860 South Carolina acted with Actually, the Minute Men provided one of the unity and enthusiasm on secession. The his­ chief propaganda agencies on the eve of seces­ tory of the state had been one of factional sion. Torchlight processions were held and conflicts, but at last there was a definite Gov. Gist, in a special legislative session Octo­ fusion of parties. The state had been readied ber 8 and 9, suggested that that body take for secession during the 30-year period prior action for the state's safety and protection. to 1860. Apparently, every newspaper in the By the end of October even Greenville, the state agreed that secession was necessary, and old Unionist stronghold, had organized its their influence was enormous. Political pam­ company of Minute Men. phlets were widely circulated in the state, the On November 5, the legislature met in most notable being those of The 1860 Asso­ special session to choose presidential electors, ciation, organized by Charleston secessionists South Carolina being the only state not hold­ in September. Robert N. Gourdin was chair­ ing a popular election. The Breckenridge man of the executive committee, whose pur­ electors chosen represented popular senti­ poses were to conduct correspondence with ment. Gist asked the legislature to remain in leading Southerners; to prepare, print and dis­ session to call a secession convention in case tribute literature; to inquire into the state's of a Republican victory. At this time, most defenses; and, some said, to spot traitors. By leaders wanted the assurance of cooperation November 19, some 166,000 pamphlets were from other states. Gist, having sent letters to distributed, the Minute Men in Atlanta alone the other Southern governors by his brother ordering 3,000 copies of each tract. There "States' Rights" Gist, reported that their were many requests for literature from the replies were reassuring. other southern states. Tract No. 1, "The South Carolinians fully expected the elec­ South Alone Should Govern the South and tion of Lincoln. The moderates, led by Henry African Slavery Should Be Controlled by Buist, asked for January 8 as election date Those Only Who Are Friendly to It," had the and January 15 as the proposed convention greatest circulation and influence. It was pre­ date, while R. B. Rhett in the house and pared by John Townsend of Colleton County, Edmund Rhett in the senate wanted an earlier and was almost a secession handbook. Town­ convention. The January dates were set. send's tract greatly influenced southern his­ When news of Lincoln's election came on tory of the time. November 7, there was rejoicing. Mary Boy­ The unity of South Carolina was shown in kin Chesnut wrote in her diary the next day: the October legislative elections, the only Yesterday on the train ... a woman called out: 'That difference of opinion being a question of settles the hash .. .. Lincoln's elected.' . .. 'How do separate or cooperative action. The candidates you know?' 'The man over there has a telegram.' The in most places were required to pledge that excitement was very great. Everybody was talking at the same time. One said despondently .. .. 'The die is they would vote for a secession convention in cast ; no more vain regrets; sad forebodings are useless; case of Lincoln's election. The Columbia the stake is life or death.' 'Did you ever' was the pre­ Guardian declared that never in the state's his­ vailing exclamation and someone cried out: 'Now that tory had it taken such concerted action. the black radical Republicans have the power I sup­ South Carolinians swore never to serve pose they will Brown us all.' No doubt of it. Lincoln, whom they deemed a "beau ideal of On the afternoon of November 9 the legis­ a ... dogged, free-soil ruffian." Hammond lature, influenced by the resignation of fed­ said that as a sovereign state South Carolina eral district Judge A. G. Magrath, by a could withdraw without assigning any cause. message from Gov. Brown of Georgia that he

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was sending a request to the Georgia legisla­ Institute Hall (South Carolina Institute) in Charleston ture to consider an immediate convention, by was the site of two important events: the 1860 criticism in the Charleston Mercury and by a Democratic Convention and the signing of the Ordinance of Secession. grand secession rally in Charleston, reset the convention election and meeting dates for December 6 and 17. There was some opposi­ government as local churches to the associa­ tion, but finally the bill passed both houses tion; either church or state might secede at unanimously. The convention call was doubt­ will." less the decision of South Carolina to secede Oratory was unrestrained in the state. Con­ promptly and thus lead the secession move­ ventions, brass band celebrations, election ment. The legislature resolved that November days, popular hero speeches, reviews of mili­ 21 be a day of fasting and prayer. tary companies, torchlight processions, fire­ The clergy of South Carolina approved of works, banners, slogans, meetings of various the state's course. November 21 was observed secession-oriented organizations- each fired with secession sermons such as "Our Duty in the Southern nationalist spirit of South Caro­ the Present Crisis," in which a Charleston linians as the break with the United States minister refuted the "Godless idea of approached. equality" in the Declaration of Independence. There was a slight conservative reaction in A resolution of the Presbyterian Synod of the state in the last weeks before secession. South Carolina declared that the question at One week before the election of convention issue was partly religious and must be spoken delegates a letter, signed "A Voter," was pub­ of as "a duty to God, who gave us our rights lished in the Southern Enterprise requesting . . . and a duty to our very slaves, whom men to hear from Perry and stating flatly, "As a that know them not, nor care for them as we part of the voters of this district, we never can do, would take from our protection." James vote in favor of separate State action." C. Furman told Greenville Baptists that, as Petigru noticed an undercurrent of discord in one historian later rephrased it, the "state Charleston, while in Columbia a group of stood in the same relationship to the federal legislators wanted to delay the convention

May 1973 69 meeting. These were exceptions, however; the Thirty-three," appointed to avert war, showed convention call met with general satisfaction that they would not give an acceptable com­ even in the Up Country. promise. Many letters had arrived from South­ Voting was light in the December 6 elec­ erners in Washington, including Jefferson tions of delegates to the state convention, but Davis, who thought immediate secession desir­ the slight conservative reaction was buried. able. Only in the rural community of Solitude was Joseph LeConte termed the secession con­ there a public protest against undue haste in vention "the gravest, ablest, and most seceding. The overwhelming sentiment was dignified body of men" he had ever seen to­ for action. Nomination to be a delegate was gether, and Dr. James M. Thornwell wrote, regarded as an honor not to be refused. "It was a noble body, and all their proceed­ The state's U.S. senators had resigned; for ings were in harmony with their high South Carolina, the Union- except for for­ character." malities-had ended. On Dec. 18, 1860, the Charleston Mercury Meanwhile, the North considered secession reported the following: a farce. As late as December 13 , the New The Sovereign Convention of the people of this State York Evening Post doubted that secession of assembled yesterday at 12 M. in the Baptist Church on any state- even South Carolina-would be Plain Street [in Columbia] . The only decorations in­ side the buildings were a beautiful blue silk flag, with accomplished. But by then even conservative gilt fringe , presented by the ladies of Charleston, Southerners agreed that their section had which was suspended over the rostrum and bore the been wronged and degraded in the Union and words, "South Carolina Convention 1860." On the they were, therefore, determined to sever con­ reverse, a Palmetto, having on its trunk an open Bible, nections. An insight into the feelings of South with the words "God is our refuge and strength- ever present to help in time of trouble, therefore will we Carolinians is found in an entry in Mrs. not fear, though the earth be removed, and though the Chesnut's diary: mountains be carried into the sea . The Lord of Hosts is with us; the God of Jacob is our refuge." Mr. Lamar, who does not love slavery more than Sumner does, nor than I do, laughs at the compliment The election of a convention president New England pays us. We want to separate from them; went to the fourth ballot, when Jamison was to be rid of the Yankees forever at any price. And they hate us so, and would clasp us . . . to their chosen over Orr and Chesnut. Jamison told bosoms with hooks of steel . ... I think incompati­ the convention, "There is no honor I esteem bility of temper began when it was made plain to us more highly than to sign the Ordinance of that we got all the opprobrium of slavery and they got Secession, as a member of this body; but I all the money there was in it with their tariff. will regard it as the greatest honor of my life Probably the main cause of Southern des­ to sign it as your presiding officer." peration was the growing pressure against its Once the convention was in session, it re­ archaic economic and social system. To South solved that "South Carolina should forthwith Carolinians, the alternatives seemed to have secede from the Federal Union, known as the narrowed to either a separate nation or United States of America," and that a com­ Africanization of the South. Secession was mittee be appointed to draft an ordinance to deemed an orderly process to alleviate re­ accomplish the purpose. Threatened by an peated flagrant violations of Southern rights. outbreak of smallpox in the city of Columbia, When the convention met December 17 in the convention voted to adjourn and meet in Columbia, South Carolinians were confident Charleston the next afternoon. of cooperation from other states. Commis­ Charleston responded with "bands, bunting sioners from Alabama and Mississippi arrived and cheering crowds when secessionists in Columbia to guarantee secession of their arrived by train from Columbia," wrote His­ states. Gov. M. S. Perry of Florida and other torian Guess. "Citadel cadets presented arms prominent men throughout the South added at the station and military companies march­ their assurances. Earlier in December, a ed the delegates to the Mills House." At 4 caucus of 26 Southern congressmen had p.m. the convention assembled at Institute agreed that immediate action by South Caro­ Hall in Charleston. On a motion by Rhett, a lina was necessary, since a report from the committee was appointed to prepare an house of representatives' "Committee of address to the Southern people. Rhett was

70 Sand lap per made committee chairman. It was decided gressional reports as foreign news. that the president should appoint a Com­ The convention immediately notified mittee on Relations with the Slaveholding South Carolina congressmen, who in turn States of North America, a Committee on notified Speaker William Pennington that Foreign Relations, a Committee on Commer­ their state had resumed the powers delegated cial Relations and a Committee on the Consti­ by it to the Federal government, and that tution of the State. A Committee to Draft an they were dissolving their connection with the Ordinance of Secession consisted of John A. house of representatives. Inglis, Rhett, Chesnut, Orr, Gregg, B. F. It was decided to postpone the formal Dunkin and W. F. Hutson. It has been said signing of the ordinance until 7 p.m., and the that Chancellor Francis Hugh Wardlaw pre­ convention recessed. The delegates moved in pared the original draft of the secession al­ procession from St. Andrew's Hall to Institute though he was not a member of the ordinance Hall where, in the presence of the legislature, committee but, rather, a member of the Com­ Gov. Pickens, dignitaries from other southern mittee to Draft a Declaration of the Immedi­ states and a packed audience, each delegate ate Causes Which Induce and Justify the mounted the rostrum to sign the ordinance, Secession of South Carolina from the Federal greeted with cheers, hankerchief waving and Union. applause. As Rhett knelt and bowed in silent On Wednesday, December 19, the conven­ prayer before signing, many cried. When the tion assembled at St. Andrew's Hall. A tele­ signing was done, Jamison is recorded as gram was read from Gov. A. B. Moore of saying, "The Ordinance of Secession has been Alabama: "Tell the Convention to listen to no signed and ratified, and I proclaim the State propositions of compromise or delay." Other of South Carolina an Independent Common­ business included a resolution that commis­ wealth." sioners be sent to each of the slaveholding Rhett had triumphed. Ruffin was in the states to ascertain which ones would unite hall, seated in a place of honor, watching the with South Carolina to form a confederacy. signing. Caleb Cushing had been sent by Presi­ The resolution added that three commission­ dent Buchanan to communicate with Gov. ers be appointed to carry a copy of the seces­ Pickens in an effort to modify the state's sion ordinance to Washington. action; he arrived just in time to witness the The next day Inglis, chairman of the com­ formal passage. mittee to prepare the secession ordinance As for Unionist Perry, Ms. Kibler reported: draft, rose to read a dignified but simple state­ When secession was assured, he said to Petigru: "I have ment to the effect that South Carolina was been trying for the last thirty years to save the State from the horrors of disunion. They are now all going repealing the 1788 ordinance by which she to the devil, and I will go with them .... " To the had ratified the U. S. Constitution, and that query, What and where, is our country, he had answer­ the union between South Carolina and the ed, "Our country is emphatically South Carolina first, and the United States of America next." United States was dissolved. The ordinance was adopted unanimously by the 169 dele­ On December 21, Mrs. Chesnut wrote in gates. Thus secession became a reality in St. her diary: "Mrs. Charles Lowndes was sitting with us today, when Mrs. Kirkland brought in Andrew's Hall at 1:15 p.m. Thursday, Dec. 20, 1860. a copy of the Secession Ordinance. I wonder if my face grew as white as hers. She said after Five minutes after the ordinance was a moment, 'God help us. As our day, so shall adopted, the Mercury was out with an extra, our strength be.' " publishing the text of the secession docu­ ment. (Rhett had given a copy of the ordi­ Louise Klugh Rankin, an Anderson school nance to the Mercury before reporting to the teacher, condensed this article from the thesis convention.) The paper thanked the abolition­ prepared during her master's degree program ists for ending the Union and published con- at Clemson University.

May 1973 71 alette,f,om sandlapper

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While reading this issue of SANDLAPPER, you are probably ""'""'"'' .. ... ·· -11, \~ >{ \ thinking that you must wait until July to receive another. But we are $andl apper happy to announce that SANDLAPPER is expanding to twelve issues a year. Instead of the usual combined May/June and July/August issues, you will receive four issues-one for each of the summer months. Accompanying this increased number of issues will be an increase in the subscription rate for SANDLAPPER. After August 31, a """·""'"',1 -"'~ fl/1'\A'(~J\ I sandlJpp~r' subscription will cost $12. Yet even with this increase, you pay only sandl apper $1.00 for an issue instead of the single copy price of $1.25, and that's a savings of $3.00. But the savings don't end there. Through August 31, you can subscribe for twelve issues of SANDLAPPER at the old rate of $9.00 a year. (Please include 4% sales tax for subscriptions going to addresses in South Carolina.) Even though you have until August 31 to do it, why not use the subscription envelope in this magazine to renew your subscription before it slips your mind? Thank you for your continuing support of SANDLAPPER. fa ;(;zz& Ka~ittle Circulation Manager SMIRNOFF® VODKA.SO& 100 PROOF. DISTILLED FROM GRAIN. STE. PIERRE SMIRNOFF FLS. (DIVISION OF HEUBLEIN.)@1973, HEUBLEIN, INCORPORATED, HARTFORD.CONNECTICUT W W&'.@MJ&i i B %,QJ

The Grapeshot. (A drink to things past.) Remember how you used to race the neighbor kid home from school-and you'd get so thirsty you could drink the whole Mississippi? Then Mom would give you grape juice that left you with a nice purple moustache. h To make a Grapeshot, pour We thought about all ~ an ounce or so of Smirnoff that when we created the in a glass with ice. Fill with Grapeshot, a drink you might grape juice. Garnish with try sometime when you're lemon and orange wedges. feeling playful. If you haven't s . off felt that way in a while, a mirn purple moustache might help. leaves you breathless® n.-o;c co.rrc rc.,..-o­ cc~- 3. .... - CCC/'l ~ ....-1,-r I > ,.. 3: I (/')~(") n>>t n::x:r 1 l>rC 1"'1>~ r:c~ C/'l~ I 3:N

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