Astrophysics Uniquely Enabled by Observations of High-Energy Cosmic Neutrinos
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2015 Annual Report
2015 AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY ANNUAL TM ADVANCING PHYSICS REPORT TM THE AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY STRIVES TO Be the leading voice for physics and an authoritative source of physics information for the advancement of physics and the benefit of humanity Collaborate with national scientific societies for the advancement of science, science education, and the science community Cooperate with international physics societies to promote physics, to support physicists worldwide, and to foster international collaboration Have an active, engaged, and diverse membership, and support the activities of its units and members © 2016 American Physical Society During 2015, APS worked to institute the governance objective: “the advancement and diffusion of the knowledge changes approved by the membership in late 2014. In of physics.” APS is fully committed to the principles of OA accordance with the new Constitution & Bylaws, in to the extent that we can continue to support the production February the Board appointed our first Chief Executive of high-quality peer-reviewed journals. For many years APS Officer—Kate Kirby, the former Executive Officer—to has supported “green” OA and we have been fully compliant head the APS. Kate’s major task has been to transition with the 2013 directive from the Office of Science and the management of APS to a CEO model with a Senior Technology Policy that the publications resulting from Management Team. She appointed Mark Doyle as Chief U.S. federally funded research be accessible to the public 12 Information Officer, James Taylor as Chief Operating months after publication. Since APS is a major international Officer, and Matthew Salter as the new Publisher. -
Alexander Karlberg Reciation Classes and Tutorials Lectures High
Alexander Karlberg Merton College, Merton Street, Oxford, OX1 4JD, United Kingdom +44 07784 623555 [email protected] EDUCATION DPhil in Theoretical Physics. University of Oxford, Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theo- retical Physics 2012-Present MSc in Physics. University of Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Institute 2010-2012 GPA: 11.9/12 (Top of class) Thesis: Space-Cone gauge and Scattering Amplitudes BSc in Physics. University of Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Institute 2007-2010 GPA: 11.9/12 (Top of class) EMPLOYMENT Non-stipendiary Lecturer. Merton College, University of Oxford 2013-Present Graduate Mentor. Merton College, University of Oxford 2012-Present High School Teacher (Arsvikar)˚ . Sankt Annæ Gymnasium 2010-2011 Teaching Assistant. Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen 2009-2012 TEACHING Reciation Classes and Tutorials EXPERIENCE Niels Bohr Institute Mechanics Electrodynamics Quantum Mechanics Thermodynamics Mathematical Methods Brush Up for new students Merton College Mathematical Methods Lectures Niels Bohr Institute Thermodynamics (4h) High School Level Sankt Annæ Gymnasium Responsibility for teaching a class of 30 students in preliminary maths (Mat C) with subsequent examination. Supervision Niels Bohr Institute Supervised two first-year projects in 2010 and 2011 respectively. CONFERENCES IPPP Senior Experimental Fellowships Kick-off Meeting (2014) AND SCHOOLS Spaatind 2014 - Nordic Conference on Particle Physics (2014) ATTENDED BUSSTEPP 2013 (summer school) - University of Sussex, Brighton (2013) Higgs Symposium, University of Edinburgh (2013) Spaatind 2013 - Nordic Winter School on Particle Physics (2013) Spaatind 2012 - Nordic Conference on Particle Physics (2012) Niels Bohr Summer Institute - Strings, Gauge Theory and the LHC (2011) CERN summer student (2010) TALKS GIVEN BUSSTEPP student talk (2013). Electroweak ZZjj production at NLO in QCD matched with parton shower in the POWHEG-BOX Kandidatdag (2012). -
HOPE Meetings Are Held for Excellent Graduate Students and Young Researchers Specially Selected from Countries Around the 9Th Asia-Pacific and Africa Region
For Overseas Cooperating Institutions Objective HOPE Meetings are held for excellent graduate students and young researchers specially selected from countries around the 9th Asia-Pacific and Africa region. These meetings give an opportunity for the participants to engage in interdisciplinary discussions with Nobel laureates and other distinguished HOPE MEETING scientists pioneering the frontiers of knowledge. They also give the participants, who lodge together over the course of the event, a chance to make friends and form collegial networks with Nobel Laureates with peers from the regions. The title “HOPE Meeting” signifies the promise held for the future roles of young researchers and optimism for creating a bright S&T future within the global community. Date F ebruary 26- ■ Saturday, February 25: Orientation & Registration M arch 2, 2017 ■ Sunday, February 26: Nobel Prize Dialogue Tokyo 2017 Organizer Venue Tokyo , JAPAN Office of the HOPE Meetings, JSPS E-mail [email protected] Tel: +81-3-3263-2414 Fax:+81-3-3234-3700 HOPE MEETINGS with Nobel Laureates Organizing Committee of the HOPE Meetings ■ Chair Makoto Kobayashi <Nobel Laureate in Physics 2008> Honorary Professor Emeritus, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) ■ Members Noriko Osumi Mitsuhiko Shionoya Tohoku University The University of Tokyo Takaaki Kajita <Nobel Laureate in Physics 2015> Yousuke Takahama The University of Tokyo Tokushima University Kazuhiro Kosuge Fumio Hanaoka Tohoku University Tsukuba University Program of the HOPE Meeting The program -
Final Report
Revealing the Hidden Nature of Space and Time: Charting the Course for Elementary Particle Physics Committee on Elementary Particle Physics in the 21st Century, National Research Council ISBN: 0-309-66039-4, 176 pages, 7 x 10, (2006) This free PDF was downloaded from: http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11641.html Visit the National Academies Press online, the authoritative source for all books from the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, the Institute of Medicine, and the National Research Council: • Download hundreds of free books in PDF • Read thousands of books online, free • Sign up to be notified when new books are published • Purchase printed books • Purchase PDFs • Explore with our innovative research tools Thank you for downloading this free PDF. If you have comments, questions or just want more information about the books published by the National Academies Press, you may contact our customer service department toll-free at 888-624-8373, visit us online, or send an email to [email protected]. This free book plus thousands more books are available at http://www.nap.edu. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. Permission is granted for this material to be shared for noncommercial, educational purposes, provided that this notice appears on the reproduced materials, the Web address of the online, full authoritative version is retained, and copies are not altered. To disseminate otherwise or to republish requires written permission from the National Academies Press. Revealing the Hidden Nature of Space and Time: Charting the Course for Elementary Particle Physics http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11641.html REVEALING THE HIDDEN NATURE OF SPACE AND TIME Charting the Course for Elementary Particle Physics Committee on Elementary Particle Physics in the 21st Century Board on Physics and Astronomy Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS Washington, D.C. -
Reaching for the Stars
REACHING FOR THE STARS – supporting excellent research Centers of Excellence 2002-2010 CENTER CENTER LEADER LOCATION Centers established in 2009/2010 Center on Autobiographical Memory Research Dorthe Berntsen Aarhus University Center for Particle Physics & Origin Mass Francesco Sannino University of Southern Denmark Center for Particle Physics Peter Hansen University of Copenhagen Centre for Symmetry and Deformation Jesper Grodal University of Copenhagen Centre for Materials Crystallography Bo Brummerstedt Iversen Aarhus University Center for GeoGenetics Eske Willerslev University of Copenhagen Centre for Quantum Geometry of Moduli Spaces Jørgen Ellegaard Andersen Aarhus University Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate Carsten Rahbek University of Copenhagen Centre for Star and Planet Formation Martin Bizzarro University of Copenhagen Centers established in 2007 Center for Research in Econometric Analysis of Time Series Niels Haldrup Aarhus University Center for Carbohydrate Recognition and Signalling Jens Stougaard Aarhus University Centre for Comparative Genomics Rasmus Nielsen University of Copenhagen Centre for DNA Nanotechnology Kurt Vesterager Gothelf Aarhus University Centre for Epigenetics Kristian Helin University of Copenhagen Centre for Ice and Climate Dorthe Dahl-Jensen University of Copenhagen Center for Massive Data Algorithmics Lars Arge Aarhus University Pumpkin – Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease Poul Nissen Aarhus University Centers established in 2005 Nordic Center for Earth Evolution Don Canfield University of Southern Denmark Centre for Individual Nanoparticle Functionality Ib Chorkendorff Technical University of Denmark Centre for Inflammation and Metabolism Bente Klarlund Pedersen Copenhagen University Hospital Centre for Genotoxic Stress Jiri Lukas The Danish Cancer Society Centre for Social Evolution Jacobus J. Boomsma University of Copenhagen Centre for mRNP Biogenesis and Metaolism Torben Heick Jensen Aarhus University Centre for Insoluble Protein Structures Niels Chr. -
Electronic Newsletter 2011-2012, Part 2 April 2012 APS Meeting
Electronic Newsletter 2011-2012, Part 2 March 10, 2012 In this issue April 2012 APS Meeting • April 2012 Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia • Exec Comm Elections • Annual Business Meeting • Plenary Sessions • Lunch with the Experts • DAP Session Schedule • Invited Session Highlights APS DAP Officers 2011-2012: Chair: Rocky Kolb Chair-Elect: Clifford Will Past Chair: Dan McCammon Vice Chair: Angela Olinto Secretary/Treasurer: Corbin Covault Deputy Sec./Treasurer: Grzegorz Madejski Member-at-Large: Alicia Soderberg Member-at-Large: Lynn Cominsky Member-at-Large: Rachel Bean Member-at-Large: Finalize your plans now to attend the April 2012 meeting held Amber Miller this year in Atlanta, Georgia. This year’s theme is 100 Years of Cosmic Ray Physics, a theme that resonates in several exciting Councilor: areas of particular interest to the membership of the Division Neil Cornish of Astrophysics. A number of plenary and invited sessions will feature presentations by DAP members. Here are the key details: Questions? Comments? What: April 2012 APS Meeting Newsletter Editor: Corbin Covault When: March 31 through April 3, 2012 [email protected] Where: Hyatt Regency Hotel, Atlanta, Georgia More: Information on Registration, Lodging, Program, etc: go to http://www.aps.org/meetings/april Division of Astrophysics Executive Committee Elections: Each year the Division of Astrophysics (DAP) of the APS elects new members for the open positions on the DAP executive committee. A nominating committee has been appointed by the current executive committee.The Division of Astrophysics (DAP) will be holding elections to fill vacancies for three open positions in DAP that will be selected this year. -
POEMMA-IPA2017-Krizmanic.Pdf
POEMMA OWL Orbing Wide-field Light-collectors CHANT CHerenkov from Astrophysical Neutrinos Telescope John Krizmanic (NASA/GSFC/CRESSTII/UMBC) for the POEMMA study team IPA2017 09-May-17 NASA Astrophysics Probe Mission Concept Studies POEMMA NASA Solicitaon NNH16ZDA001N-APROBES (Scope of Program): Announced: 19-Feb-16 Due Date: 15-Nov-16 Selecon: 17-Mar-17 NASA has started preparaons for the 2020 Astronomy and Astrophysics Decadal Survey (hp:// science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/2020-decadal-survey-planning/). One of the tasks of the 2020 Decadal Survey Commiee will be to recommend a porolio of astrophysics missions. The Decadal Survey Commiee may choose to recommend a porolio of missions containing a mix of priorized large- and medium-size mission concepts, or even a program of competed medium-size missions. NASA and the community are interested in providing appropriate input to the 2020 Decadal Survey regarding medium-size mission concepts, also referred to as Astrophysics Probe concepts. To this end, NASA is solicing proposals to conduct mission concept studies for Astrophysics Probe missions. Following peer review of the proposed mission concept studies, NASA will select a small number of proposals for 1.5 year (18 month) funded studies. Results of the selected studies will be provided by NASA as input to the 2020 Decadal Survey. Astrophysics Probes are envisioned to have a total lifecycle (NASA Phases A through E) cost between that of a MIDEX mission (~$400M) and ~$1B. Proposals for concept studies may envision missions that include contribuons from other agencies (naonal or internaonal), industry, and universies. Should NASA choose to develop a mission that flows from any selected mission concept study, the responsibility for that mission will be assigned by NASA; there is no expectaon that the mission concept study team or par+cipa+ng organiza+on FINAL REPORTS DUE SEPTEMBER 2018 IPA2017 09-May-17 2 POEMMA Study Collaboraon POEMMA University of Chicago: Angela V. -
Beamforming Elevated Array for Cosmic Neutrinos (BEACON)
Astro2020 Project White Paper Expanding the Reach of Tau Neutrino Telescopes with the Beamforming Elevated Array for COsmic Neutrinos (BEACON) Topic Areas: Multi-messenger Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmology and Fundamental Physics Stephanie Wissel†, California Polytechnic State University Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz, Universidade Santiago de Compostela Washington R. Carvalho, Jr., Universidade de São Paulo Austin Cummings, Gran Sasso Science Institute Cosmin Deaconu, University of Chicago Kaeli Hughes, University of Chicago Andrew Ludwig, University of Chicago Eric Oberla, University of Chicago Andres Romero-Wolf, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology David Saltzberg, University of California, Los Angeles Harm Schoorlemmer, Max-Plank-Institüt für Kernphysik Daniel Southall, University of Chicago Abigail Vieregg, University of Chicago Enrique Zas, Universidade Santiago de Compostela †Corresponding author, [email protected], (805) 756-7375 July 2019 1 Key Science Goals and Objectives 1.1 The High Energy End of the Cosmic Neutrino Spectrum Active galactic nuclei, pulsars, gamma-ray bursts, and galaxy clusters are all implicated as possible accelerators of ultra-high energy cosmic rays that can achieve energies greater than 1020 eV. The origin of these cosmic rays has confounded the field for decades in part because cosmic rays up to a certain rigidity are unreliable narrators. Such accelerators pump cosmic rays (protons and other nuclei) into the local environment where through pp and pg interactions they can deposit energy into several messengers: neutrinos, gamma rays, and secondary cosmic rays. Cosmic neutrinos can thus identify the sources of the highest energy particle acceleration in the universe. Com- bined multi-messenger observations can give further insight into the nature of the highest energy accelerators. -
The Early History of the Niels Bohr Institute
CHAPTER 4.1 Birthplace of a new physics - the early history of the Niels Bohr Institute Peter Robertson* Abstract SCI.DAN.M. The foundation in 1921 of the Niels Bohr Institute in Copenhagen was to prove an important event in the I birth of modern physics. From its modest beginnings as • ONE a small three-storey building and a handful of physicists, HUNDRED the Institute underwent a rapid expansion over the fol lowing years. Under Bohr’s leadership, the Institute provided the principal centre for the emergence of quan YEARS tum mechanics and a new understanding of Nature at OF the atomic level. Over sixty physicists from 17 countries THE came to collaborate with the Danish physicists at the In BOHR stitute during its first decade. The Bohr Institute was the ATOM: first truly international centre in physics and, indeed, one of the first in any area of science. The Institute pro PROCEEDINGS vided a striking demonstration of the value of interna tional cooperation in science and it inspired the later development of similar centres elsewhere in Europe and FROM the United States. In this article I will discuss the origins and early development of the Institute and examine the A CONFERENCE reasons why it became such an important centre in the development of modern physics. Keywords: Niels Bohr Institute; development of quan tum mechanics; international cooperation in science. * School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic. 3010, Australia. Email: [email protected]. 481 PETER ROBERTSON SCI.DAN.M. I 1. Planning and construction of the Institute In 1916 Niels Bohr returned home to Copenhagen over four years since his first visit to Cambridge, England, and two years after a second visit to Manchester, working in the group led by Ernest Ru therford. -
Astronomy, Astrophysics, and Astrobiology
ASTRONOMY, ASTROPHYSICS, AND ASTROBIOLOGY JOINT HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON SPACE & SUBCOMMITTEE ON RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE, SPACE, AND TECHNOLOGY HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED FOURTEENTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION July 12, 2016 Serial No. 114–87 Printed for the use of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://science.house.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 20–916PDF WASHINGTON : 2017 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Publishing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE, SPACE, AND TECHNOLOGY HON. LAMAR S. SMITH, Texas, Chair FRANK D. LUCAS, Oklahoma EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON, Texas F. JAMES SENSENBRENNER, JR., ZOE LOFGREN, California Wisconsin DANIEL LIPINSKI, Illinois DANA ROHRABACHER, California DONNA F. EDWARDS, Maryland RANDY NEUGEBAUER, Texas SUZANNE BONAMICI, Oregon MICHAEL T. MCCAUL, Texas ERIC SWALWELL, California MO BROOKS, Alabama ALAN GRAYSON, Florida RANDY HULTGREN, Illinois AMI BERA, California BILL POSEY, Florida ELIZABETH H. ESTY, Connecticut THOMAS MASSIE, Kentucky MARC A. VEASEY, Texas JIM BRIDENSTINE, Oklahoma KATHERINE M. CLARK, Massachusetts RANDY K. WEBER, Texas DONALD S. BEYER, JR., Virginia JOHN R. MOOLENAAR, Michigan ED PERLMUTTER, Colorado STEPHEN KNIGHT, California PAUL TONKO, New York BRIAN BABIN, Texas MARK TAKANO, California BRUCE WESTERMAN, Arkansas BILL FOSTER, Illinois BARBARA COMSTOCK, Virginia GARY PALMER, Alabama BARRY LOUDERMILK, Georgia RALPH LEE ABRAHAM, Louisiana DRAIN LAHOOD, Illinois WARREN DAVIDSON, Ohio SUBCOMMITTEE ON SPACE HON. BRIAN BABIN, Texas, Chair DANA ROHRABACHER, California DONNA F. EDWARDS, Maryland FRANK D. -
Panel Discussion on the Nobel Prize in Physics 2015 Tommy Ohlsson Motivation for the Nobel Prize in Physics 2015
KTH ROYAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Panel Discussion on the Nobel Prize in Physics 2015 Tommy Ohlsson Motivation for the Nobel Prize in Physics 2015 The Nobel Prize in Physics 2015 was awarded jointly to Takaaki Kajita and Arthur B. McDonald "for the discovery of neutrino oscillations, which shows that neutrinos have mass" Takaaki Kajita Arthur B. McDonald (Super-Kamiokande) (SNO) Motivation for the Nobel Prize in Physics 2015 The Nobel Prize in Physics 2015 was awarded jointly to Takaaki Kajita and Arthur B. McDonald "for the discovery of neutrino oscillations, which shows that neutrinos have mass" Ed Kearns Takaaki Kajita Arthur B. McDonald Dave Wark (Super-Kamiokande) (Super-Kamiokande) (SNO) (SNO) Super-Kamiokande (in Japan) In June 1998, the Super-Kamiokande collaboration presented its first results of measurements of atmospheric neutrinos that give evidence for neutrino oscillations (i.e. quantum mechanical effects over distances of thousands of kilometers). This result is the first solid evidence for physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. The atmospheric neutrino analysis of the Super-Kamiokande collaboration was led by Takaaki Kajita. SNO (in Canada) In April 2002, the SNO collaboration presented the first direct measurement of the total flux of all active boron-8 neutrinos arriving from the Sun, which provided additional evidence for neutrino flavor transitions. The SNO collaboration was led by Art McDonald. ) -1 8 SNO SNO s q q -2 7 ES CC cm 6 6 (10 o 5 µ q SNO 4 qNC 3 qSSM 2 1 0 0123456 6 -2 -1 qe (10 cm s ) Other neutrino oscillation experiments • KamLAND • first results on anti-electron neutrino flux from distant nuclear reactors • demonstrated disappearance of anti-electron neutrinos and showed that the LMA solution is the only remaining solar neu. -
Evolving the Structure of Hidden Markov Models Kyoung-Jae Won, Adam Prügel-Bennett, and Anders Krogh
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION, VOL. 10, NO. 1, FEBRUARY 2006 39 Evolving the Structure of Hidden Markov Models Kyoung-Jae Won, Adam Prügel-Bennett, and Anders Krogh Abstract—A genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed for finding the being imposed faithfully captures some biological constraints, structure of hidden Markov Models (HMMs) used for biological it should not significantly increase the approximation error. As sequence analysis. The GA is designed to preserve biologically the generalization error is the sum of the estimation and approx- meaningful building blocks. The search through the space of HMM structures is combined with optimization of the emis- imation error, imposing a meaningful structure on the HMM sion and transition probabilities using the classic Baum–Welch should give good generalization performance. By automatically algorithm. The system is tested on the problem of finding the optimizing the HMM architecture, we are potentially throwing promoter and coding region of C. jejuni. The resulting HMM has away the advantage over other machine learning techniques, a superior discrimination ability to a handcrafted model that has namely their amenability to incorporate biological information been published in the literature. in their structure. That is, we risk finding a model that “overfits” Index Terms—Biological sequence analysis, genetic algorithm the data. (GA), hidden Markov model (HMM), hybrid algorithm, machine The aim of the research presented in this paper is to utilize learning. the flexibility provided by genetic algorithms (GAs) to gain the advantage of automatic structure discovery, while retaining I. INTRODUCTION some of the benefits of a hand-designed architecture. That is, by IDDEN MARKOV models (HMMs) are probabilistic fi- choosing the representation and genetic operators, we attempt H nite-state machines used to find structures in sequential to bias the search toward biologically plausible HMM architec- data.