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Identifikasi Dan Inventarisasi Shelter Bts (Shelter Base Tranceiver System) Di Kota Pontianak Berbasis Gis (Geographic Information System)

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Identifikasi Dan Inventarisasi Shelter Bts (Shelter Base Tranceiver System) Di Kota Pontianak Berbasis Gis (Geographic Information System) IDENTIFIKASI DAN INVENTARISASI SHELTER BTS (SHELTER BASE TRANCEIVER SYSTEM) DI KOTA PONTIANAK BERBASIS GIS (GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM) Adytia Warman 1), Fitri Imansyah 2), Dedy Suryadi 3) 1,2,3)Program Studi Teknik Elektro Jurusan Teknik Elektro Fakultas Teknik Universitas Tanjungpura Pontianak Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRAK Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pendataan dan membuat letak titik sebaran setiap BTS (Geographic Information System) yang ada di Kota Pontianak dengan menggunakan aplikasi ArcGis/ ArcMap. Penelitian ini bertujuan dengan mengidentifikasi letak titik sebaran BTS (Base Transceiver Station) di Kota Pontianak dengan berbantuan menggunakan aplikasi ArcGis/ArcMap versi 10.3 yang hasilnya berupa peta. Hasil peta yang telah dibuat berfungsi dalam mengerjakan manajamen data khsususnya data koordinat sehingga perusahaan telekomunikasi dapat menggunakan dalam pengauditan dan menjadi inventaris data perusahaan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif analisis. Berdasarkan identifikasi yang dapat diketahui Jumlah BTS (Base Transceiver Station) yang ada di Kota Pontianak berjumlah 276 titik koordinat. Setelah diidentifikasi data tabel koordinat beserta data base yang di dapat dari Balai Monitoring Kelas II Kalimantan Barat, data tersebut sesuai berada di dalam batas administrasi deliniasi/potongan Kota Pontianak di setiap kecamatan. Untuk Kecamatan Pontianak Selatan: 70 titik koordinat, Kecamatan Pontianak Tenggara: 24 titik koordinat, Kecamtan Pontianak Timur: 27 titik koordinat, Kecamatan Pontianak Kota: 74 titik koordinat, Kecamatan Pontianak Barat: 39 titik koordinat, Kecamatan Pontianak Utara: 42 titik koordinat. Kata Kunci : GIS, Shelter BTS, Titik Koordinat, Data Base 1. PENDAHULUAN managemen proyek suatu perusahaan telekomunikasi. Di Indonesia terdapat banyak perusahaan- Dan kedepanya pemetaan BTS ini dapat berguna untuk perusahaan besar yang bergerak di bidang masyarakat (Kominfo, Balmon, Tower Bersama Group) telekomunikasi. Perusahaan atau vendor operator yang butuh informasi Shelter BTS yang ada di Kota telekomunikasi banyak memiliki tower pemancar atau Pontianak, maupun Instansi – Instansi Pemerintah dan lebih dikenal dengan nama BTS (Base Transceiver juga Institusi perguruan tinggi. Station) yang dimana perangkat-perangkatnya di simpan Pada tugas akhir ini akan dibahas mengenai dalam suatu ruangan yang bernama shelter. Untuk itu Identifikasi dan Inventarisasi shelter BTS (Base membutuhkan suatu sarana akses informasi site shelter Tranceiver Station) Di Kota Pontianak Berbasis GIS BTS agar mempermudah dalam pekerjaan vendor (Geographic Information System). Dengan melakukan perusahaan dilapangan nanti. pendataan dan membuat Seiring dengan berkembangnya zaman, teknologi letak titik sebaran data site pada setiap BTS yang ada semakin berkembang yang dahulu mendapatkan suatu Di Kota Pontianak dengan menggunakan aplikasi infomasi dari suatu media real time sangat sulit hanya ArcGis/ ArcMap. Dengan jumlah 1147 titik Koordinat bisa didapatkan melalui media koran sampai sekarang sebagai data awal, data tersebut di dapatkan dari Balai yang sudah di sajikan secara tampilan website yang bisa Monitoring kelas II Pontianak yang akan di olah dan di di akses kapan saja tanpa harus membeli koran untuk identifikasi. Balai Monitoring kelas II Pontianak yang memperoleh suatu lokasi. Dengan berkembangnya saat ini belum ada pemetaan BTS khusus nya di Kota media infomasi ini memerlukan suatu PC atau laptop Pontianak dengan adanya tugas akhir ini diharapkan untuk mendukung mendapatkan infomasi itu. Di sisi dengan pemetaan yang telah dilaksanakan dapat lain, kemajuan teknologi yang telah memudahkan kita membantu para vendor perusahaan telekomunikasi dalam hal memetakan suatu lokasi yaitu dengan mencari lokasi shelter dan mendapatkan informasi terciptanya teknik pemetaan digital GIS. GIS tentang shelter BTS yang mereka inginkan dengan lebih (Geographic Information System) dengan menggunakan mudah (menjadi data inventaris). API google maps sebagai pemandu dalam pencarian lokasi dengan memanfaatkan rute Shelter merupakan 2. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA langkah tepat karena telah diakui GIS mempunyai Di Indonesia terdapat banyak perusahaan- kemampuan yang sangat luas, baik dalam proses perusahaan besar yang bergerak di bidang pemetaan dan analisis sehingga teknologi tersebut telekomunikasi. Perusahaan atau vendor operator sering digunakan dalam proses perencanaan tata ruang. telekomunikasi banyak memiliki tower pemancar atau Selain itu, bertujuan untuk dalam memanfaatkan GIS lebih dikenal dengan nama BTS yang dimana perangkat- dapat meningkatkan efisiensi waktu, ketelitian dan perangkatnya di simpan dalam suatu ruangan yang bernama shelter. Untuk itu membutuhkan suatu sarana Sistem Informasi Geografis memiliki lima elemen akses informasi site shelter BTS agar mempermudah pokok yaitu perangkat keras, perangkat lunak, data, dalam pekerjaan vendor perusahaan dilapangan nanti[9]. personel/people untuk mengelola sistem, dan institusi Dalam Laporan Yang Berjudul Survey pemetaan untuk mendukung elemen tersebut (pihak manajemen) pendidikan sekolah rawan pasca bencana alam di [11]. kabupaten mempawah[8], Perkembangan aplikasi sistem informasi saat ini tidak lagi terbatas pada pengolahan data tabular dimana data disimpan ke dalam tabel-tabel basis data yang dikelola oleh perangkat lunak DBMS (database management system), tetapi telah berkembang untuk pengolahan data yang bersifat keruangan atau spasial. Sistem informasi yang mempunyai kemampuan pengelolaan data spasial Gambar 1 Komponen SIG maupun data atribut ini kemudian dikenal sebagai Sumber: Prahasta, Eddy. (2001) Sistem Informasi Geografis-SIG. Para peneliti SIG telah mengemukakan beberapa definisi tentang SIG itu Menurut Prahasta (2001) komponen pendukung sendiri, antara lain: SIG dibagi sebagai berikut: a. Sekumpulan alat bantu (tools) untuk 1. Perangkat keras mengumpulkan, menyimpan, memanggil, Perangkat keras yang sering digunakan di dalam mentransformasikan, dan menampilkan data spasial SIG antara lain: komputer (CPU), monitor, dari dunia nyata.”a powerful set of tools for keyboard, mouse, digitizer, kamera digital, printer, collecting, storing, retrieving at will, transforming plotter, scanner, receiver GPS, dan sebagainya. and displaying spatial data from the real 2. Perangkat lunak world”(Burrough 1986) [3]. Perangkat keras tidak akan dapat berfungsi jika b. Sebuah sistem untuk menangkap, menyimpan, tidak memiliki perangkat lunak yang bertugas memeriksa, memanipulasi, menganalisis, dan mengatur kerja perangkat keras dan bertindak menampilkan data yang secara spasial merujuk ke sebagai interface (antar muka) antara mesin dan permukaan bumi.”a system for capturing, storing, manusia. Terdapat tiga komponen utama perangkat checking, manipulating, analyzing and displaying lunak yaitu (1) sistem operasi (Windows, UNIX, data which are spatially referenced to the Linux, MAC/OS), (2) special system utilities Earth”(Department of Environment 1987) [5]. (compiler, device driver, utility, library), dan (3) c. Teknologi informasi yang menyimpan, perangkat lunak aplikasi (MS Office, menganalisis, dan menampilkan baik data spasial ArcView/ArcInfo, MapInfo, IDRISI, ERDAS, ER maupun data non-spasial. 'an information MAPPER). technology which stores, analyses, and displays 3. Data dan informasi geografi both spatial and non- spatial data. (Parker 1988) Bentuk data dan informasi geografi dapat berupa [10]. hardcopy (seperti peta dasar, foto udara, tabel, d. Sekumpulan prosedur manual atau berbasis gambar grafik, dan sebagainya), maupun berupa komputer yang digunakan untuk menyimpan dan softcopy (berbentuk file peta digital, citra satelit, memanipulasi data yang bereferensi secara basisdata, dan sebagainya). Proses penyimpanan geografis.'any manual or computer based set of data dan informasi dapat dilakukan secara tidak procedures used to store and manipulate langsung dengan meng-import dari perangkat lunak geographically referenced data' (Aronoff 1989) [2]. yang lain, atau dilakukan secara langsung dengan e. Sistem pendukung keputusan yang menangani cara mendijitasi data spasialnya dari peta dan penintegrasian data bereferensi spasial dalam memasukkan data atributnya berdasarkan tabel, lingkup pengambilan keputusan.'a decision support grafik, dan laporan-laporan. system involving the integration of spatially 4. Manajemen referenced data in problem solving environment' Dalam hal ini manajemen merujuk kepada sumber (Cowen 1988) [4]. daya manusia (brainware) yang akan mengerjakan Dari definisi tersebut di atas dapat diambil beberapa tugas atau proyek SIG. Tanpa adanya orang-orang point penting bahwa SIG adalah: yang memiliki keahlian yang tepat pada tiap • Sistem infomasi berbasis computer tingkatan, maka proyek SIG tidak dapat mencapai • Berfungsi untuk mengumpulkan, menyimpan, sasarannya. mengolah, menganalisis, dan menampilkan • Data yang bereferensi geografis (spasial) maupun Cara Kerja SIG non-geografis (data atribut/non-spasial) SIG dapat mempresentasikan real world (dunia • Yang berguna untuk mendukung sistem nyata) di atas monitor komputer sebagaimana lembaran pengambilan keputusan. peta dapat mempresentasikan dunia nyata di atas kertas.” SIG memiliki kekuatan lebih dan fleksibelitas dari pada lembaran peta kertas. Peta merupakan representasi grafis dari dunia nyata, objek-objek yang Komponen SIG direpresentasikan di atas peta disebut unsur peta atau map features contohnya sungai, jalan, kampung, dan lain-lain.
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