Sorex Haydeni) in Kansas

84 The Southwestern ~Vatu~alzst vol. 35, no. 1 immature bandtails collected from flocks weighed as Game Birds of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and little as 205 g and stated that weight loss after fledging Colorado Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Project was "entirely normal." W-88-R. Pigeons continued to increase in body mass relatively slowly after fledging until they were about 74 days old (Fig. 2). Between 74 and 95 days post-hatching, av- erage weight increased nearly 2 g/day (n = 106) and BRAUN,C. E. 1976. Methods for locating, trapping reached a peak of 345 g. This peak occurred imme- and banding band-tailed pigeons in Colorado. Col- diately prior to time of southward migration of wild orado Div. Wildl. Spec. Rept., 39:l-20. bandtails in late September and early October. We BRAUN,C. E., D. E. BROWN,J. C. PEDERSON,AND T. hypothesize that this marked increase was the result P. ZAPATKA.1975. Results of the Four Corners of premigratory fat deposition. Body mass declined Cooperative Band-tailed Pigeon investigation. U.S. slightly in mid-October to 335 to 340 g at ages of 156 Dept. Interior, Fish Wildl. Serv. Resources Publ., to 195 days, slightly increasing again as immature pi- 126:l-20. geons completed their post-juvenile molt. Weights of DREWIEN,R. C., R. J. VERNIMEN,S. W. HARRIS,AND captive immatures molting primaries I to V were sim- C. F. YOCUM. 1966. Spring weights of band- ilar to those of large samples of free-flying immature tailed pigeons. J. Wildl. Mgmt., 30:190-192. bandtails captured for banding (C. E. Braun, pers. MACGREGOR,W. G., AND W. M. SMITH. 1955. obser.). Wild immature pigeons older than those molt- Nesting and reproduction of the band-tailed pigeon ing primary V were not available for comparison be- in California. California Fish Game, 41:315-326. cause of autumn migration. Weights of 10 immature NEFF,J. A. 1947. Habits, food, and economic status bandtails (C.J monzlzs) captured in spring in California of the band-tailed pigeon. N. Amer. Fauna, 58:l- (Drewien et al., 1966) averaged 285 g (range of 193 76. to 312). While weights of all age classes of the Coastal NEFF,J. A,, AND R. J. NIEDRACH.1946. Nesting of race of band-tailed pigeons are heavier than those from the band-tailed pigeon in Colorado. Condor, 48: the Interior population, the range exhibited by the 72-74. small sample of immatures of unknown age was similar WHITE,J. A. 1973. Molt of Colorado band-tailed to that reported here. pigeons. Unpubl. M.S. thesis, Colorado State Univ., We thank J. E. Kautz for assistance with capturing Fort Collins, 34 pp. immature pigeons for the aviary and J. F. Corey and WHITE,J.A,, AND C. E. BRAUN.1978. Age and sex L. A. Webster for help with care and maintenance of determination of juvenile band-tailed pigeons. J. the captive Rock. This manuscript was improved by Wildl. Mgmt., 42:564-569. the reviews of T. S. Baskett, T. L. Best, and J. W. WILEY,J. W., AND B. N. WILEY. 1979. The biology Wiley. Funding was provided through the Accelerated of the white-crowned pigeon. Wildl. Monogr., 64: Research Program for Migratory Shore and Upland 1-54, STATUS OF HAYDEN'S SHREW (SOREX HAYDENI) IN KANSAS JENNIFER K. FREYAND DWIGHTW. MOORE Division of Biological Sciences and Schmidt Museum of Natural History, Emporia State University, Emporia, KS 66801 Present address of JKF: Department of Biology and Museum of Southwestern Biology, Uniuersity of New Mex~co,Albuquerque, NM 8713 1 The known range of Hayden's shrew (Sorex haydeni) Genoways (1966)suggested that Sorex might be found extends southward from southern Alberta, Saskatch- along the Big Blue River in northern Kansas, and Bee ewan, and Manitoba to north-central Kansas (Hall, et al. (1981)added that S. haydeni might be found along 1981). The first report of the species in Kansas was the Republican River where it flows south from Ne- by Neas et al. (1981) based on specimens collected near braska. The purposes of this study were to test those Lovewell Reservoir in Jewell Co. Sorex haydenz is lo- hypotheses and to determine the distribution, abun- cally common in adjacent Nebraska, where the south- dance, and habitat requirements of S. haydeni in Kan- ernmost locality of record is in the drainage of the Big sas. Blue River (Choate and Genoways, 1966). Choate and A grid of trapping localities (11 sites by three sites) March 1990 Notes 85 Scale o- lo so $03km I I 100 97 FIG. 1-County map of Kansas that illustrates sites (circles) where pitfall traps were set from 5 September 1987 to 5 December 1987. Open circles represent localities where Sorex haydeni was not captured, and closed circles represent localities where S. haydeni was captured. Triangle represents the previous known locality of record for S. haydeni in Kansas. was established across northern Kansas, extending from dicate that S. haydeni does occur in the Big Blue and the Missouri River west to Smith and Osborne counties Republican river drainages, as suggested by Choate and south to Riley Co. (Fig. 1). Localities were ap- and Genoways (1966) and Bee et al. (1981), but also proximately 32 km apart with 20 pitfall traps set at occurs elsewhere in northern Kansas. Failure to collect all but one site. At each site, traps were set at approx- S. haydeni in the glaciated region of northeastern Kan- imately 5-m intervals along fence rows or roadside sas may have been due to sampling error, as the species ditches. Typically, the vegetation was dense and Mi- is found in similar regions in northwestern Missouri crotus runways were present; traps were set in runways (Easterla and Damman, 1977). when possible. Plastic containers (190 mm deep and Eight species of grasses that are indicative of native 140 mm wide) were used for pitfalls. Traps were par- tallgrass prairie were observed at the trap sites. By tially filled with 4% formalin and checked at approx- applying Fisher's exact test to the analysis of 2 x 2 imately biweekly intervals. Vegetation characteristics contingency tables (Zar, 1984), Panicum sp. (primarily and the presence of other vertebrates, particularly small switchgrass) and Canada wild-rye (Elymus canadensis) mammals, were recorded for each site. Specimens were were shown to be present at significantly (P < 0.05) prepared as skulls or skulls plus alcoholics and depos- more localities where S. haydeni was captured than ited in the Schmidt Museum of Natural History at localities where S. haydeni was not captured. In ad- Em~oriaState Universitv. dition, all eight species occurred at proportionally more Forty-eight specimens of S. haydeni were collected locations where S. haydeni was captured than where S. from 10 trap sites between 5 September 1987 and 5 haydeni was not captured; the sign test (Zar, 1984) December 1987 (see Appendix 1 and Fig. 1). Of these, indicated that this trend was significant (P < 0.001). four females were lactating, and one male was in re- The greater relative abundance of native prairie species productive condition with testes measuring 5 mm by 3 at localities where S. haydeni was captured relative to mm. These new localities of record extend the known localities where the species was not captured indicates distribution 48 km to the west, 176 km to the east, and the importance of native prairie vegetation to the dis- 80 km to the south from its previous locality of record tribution of Hayden's shrew. in Kansas (Lovewell Reservoir). These captures in- The relative abundance of S. haydeni to other mam- 86 The Southwestern Naturalist vol. 35, no. 1 mals was calculated based upon 1,900 trapnights be- ties of northeastern Jewell County, Kansas. Fort tween 5 September 1987 and 19 September 1987 for Hays Stud. (ns), Sci. Ser., 6:l-46. seven trapping localities where S. haydenz was present. BEE,J. W., G. E. GLASS,R. S. HOFFMANN,AND R. These seven localities, which represent the northern- R. PATTERSON.1981. Mammals in Kansas. Pub- most localities of record in this study, were chosen lic Educ. Ser., Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist., 7:l- because trapping effort was equal at all sites. Sorex 300. haydent was the most common mammal, making up CHOATE,J. R., AND H. H. GENOWAYS.1966. Notes 23.6% of the small mammals collected; the other shrew on some mammals from Nebraska. Trans. Kansas species, Blarzna hylophaga and Cryptotzs parua, consti- Acad. Sci., 69:238-241. tuted 15.0 and 14.270, respectively. The remaining EASTERLA,D. A,, AND D. L. DAMMAN.1977. The 47.2% was accounted for by two species of Retthrodon- masked shrew and meadow vole in Missouri. tomys (29.9%), Perom>scus manzculatus, Zapus hudson- Northwestern Missouri State Univ. Stud. Quart., ?us,microtine rodents, and Chaetodzpus hzspzdus, all with 37.1-25. <10% occurrence. HALL,E. R. 1981. The mammals of North America. We feel that the presence of S. haydenz in northcen- Second ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1:l- tral Kansas likely represents a contemporary south- 600 + 90. ward dispersal rather than a previously undetected NEAS,J.F., J.A. JUNGE,AND R. S. HOFFMANN.1981. presence. As recently as 1964, Anderson and Fleharty First record of long-tailed shrews (Sorex)in Kansas. (1967), using a variety of traps for small mammals, Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci., 84:63-64. collected 1,250 mammals in ~ewellCo., none of which ZAR,J. H. 1984. Biostatistical analysis. Second ed. was S. haydenz. Likewise, in Missouri, no specimens Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 718 of S.

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