Differences in Nurses' Perceptions of Safety Culture, Nurse
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DIFFERENCES IN NURSES’ PERCEPTIONS OF SAFETY CULTURE, NURSE- PHYSICIAN COLLABORATION, AND LEVEL OF JOB SATISFACTION RELATED TO THE TYPE OF OBSTETRICAL PHYSICIAN SERVICE DELIVERY MODEL UTILIZED by Olga Abiri A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of The Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Florida Atlantic University Boca Raton, FL December 2017 Copyright by Olga Abiri 2017 ii DIFFERENCES IN NURSES' PERCEPTIONS OF SAFETY CULTURE, NURSE PHYSICIAN COLLABORATION, AND LEVEL OF JOB SATISFACTION RELATED TO THE TYPE OF OBSTETRICAL PHYSICIAN SERVICE DELIVERY MODEL UTILIZED by Olga Abiri This dissertation was prepared under the direction of the candidate's dissertation advisor, Dr. Rose Sherman, the Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing, and has been approved by the members of her supervisory committee. It was submitted to the faculty of the the Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing and was accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements forthe degree of Doctor of Philosophy. SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE: t �· JO. �� Rose 0. Sherman, Ed. D. Dissertation Advisor �Ph.D. �_:s-1-m_e______...__.,/a.____�_,. _ dn,,J,.·,.1 ) 0 IJ. /J,, 1 ChristineL. Williams, D.N.Sc., R.N., Mari� ' h.D.� � P.M.H.C.N.S.- B.C. � Ph.D. ProgramDirector, Christine E. LynnCollege of Nursing "'-----=--· a�Al S • 1Wh't eman, Ph..D g;;�Marlaine Smith, Ph.D. Dean, Christine E. Lynn College ofNursi Deborah L. Floyd, Ed.D. Date Dean, Graduate College lll ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This dissertation would not be possible without the support of my dissertation committee, family, and friends. It is impossible to express in words my gratitude for the time and expertise that were provided by my committee members. I would like to acknowledge my chairperson, Dr. Sherman, for her constant encouragement and expert guidance throughout this journey. I would also like to acknowledge Dr. Longo for helping me shape my thoughts and elevate them to the level of scholarship. I am grateful for the opportunity to be mentored by Dr. Ray, whose work provided the caring-theory lens for my study. I also offer my appreciation to Dr. Whiteman for serving as an expert committee member. This accomplishment would also not have happened without the support of my parents, who instilled in me the value of education and scholarship and were present along the way. I am grateful to my husband Sagi and my daughters May, Natalie, and Arielle for understanding and accepting all the times I could not be with them. Last but not least, thanks to my dear friend Colleen Virgins for proofreading my papers, listening, and not letting me give up. iv ABSTRACT Author: Olga Abiri Title: Differences in Nurses’ Perceptions of Safety Culture, Nurse- Physician Collaboration, and Level of Job Satisfaction Related to the Type of Obstetrical Physician Service Delivery Model Utilized Institution: Florida Atlantic University Dissertation Advisor: Dr. Rose O. Sherman Degree: Doctor of Philosophy Year: 2017 Creating a safety culture is the focus in the current healthcare environment. An in- house, around-the-clock laborist service delivery model has been associated with positive outcomes, but little is known about the laborist structure’s contribution to the labor-and- delivery working environment. The purpose of this descriptive correlational study was to explore the effects of physician service delivery model on safety culture, nurse-physician collaboration, and nurses’ job satisfaction. An additional purpose was to examine associations between nurses’ perceptions of safety culture, nurse-physician collaboration, and job satisfaction. Ray’s (1981, 1989) Theory of Bureaucratic Caring and Homan’s (1974) Social Exchange Theory guided this study. A survey consisting of demographic questions, the Collaborative Practice Scale (Weiss & Davis, 1985), the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2015; HSOPSC), and the McCloskey and Mueller Satisfaction Scale (McCloskey & Mueller, 1990) was distributed to registered nurses (RNs) nationwide. The results indicated that v nurses in facilities using the around-the-clock model had higher perceptions of nurse- physician collaboration, but not of safety culture or job satisfaction in relation to the physician service-delivery model. Significant moderate-to-strong correlations between nurses’ perceptions of patient safety and job satisfaction, and a weak correlation between bedside nurses’ perceptions of nurse-physician collaboration and job satisfaction were demonstrated. Additional significant correlations were found between the instrument subscales. Control/responsibility in the MMSS scale was positively associated with both management support for patient safety, supervisors’ and managers’ expectations and actions promoting patient safety, and overall perceptions of safety in the HSOPSC scale. Praise and recognition in the MMSS scale were positively associated with supervisor/manager expectations and actions promoting patient safety in the HSOPSC scale. Further appraisal is needed to understand the mechanism by which the laborist model affects patient care and work environment. Recommendations for future research include replicating the study with a larger sample sizes in specific groups based on the role and scheduled shift, conducting the study in a single system or location to mitigate the effects of other variables; and exploring physicians’ perspectives on the variables being studied. vi DIFFERENCES IN NURSES’ PERCEPTIONS OF SAFETY CULTURE, NURSE- PHYSICIAN COLLABORATION, AND LEVEL OF JOB SATISFACTION RELATED TO THE TYPE OF OBSTETRICAL PHYSICIAN SERVICE DELIVERY MODEL UTILIZED List of Tables .................................................................................................................... xii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................1 Phenomenon of Interest ...............................................................................................1 Problem Statement .......................................................................................................3 Background .............................................................................................................5 Physician-Care Delivery Structure in Labor and Delivery .................................5 Safety Culture......................................................................................................6 Nurse-Physician-Collaboration ...........................................................................8 Nurses’ Job Satisfaction ......................................................................................9 Purpose ...........................................................................................................10 Significance ...........................................................................................................11 Link to Caring Science ..............................................................................................12 Research Questions ...................................................................................................13 Research Question 1 ..........................................................................................13 Working Hypothesis 1 ...............................................................................13 Research Question 2 ..........................................................................................13 Working Hypothesis 2 ...............................................................................13 vii Research Question 3 ..........................................................................................14 Working Hypothesis 3 ...............................................................................14 Research Question 4 ..........................................................................................14 Working Hypothesis 4 ...............................................................................14 Research Question 5 ..........................................................................................14 Working Hypothesis 5 ...............................................................................14 Research Question 6 ..........................................................................................15 Working Hypothesis 6 ...............................................................................15 Theoretical Framework .............................................................................................15 The Theory of Bureaucratic Caring ..................................................................15 The Theory of Social Exchange ........................................................................19 Theoretical Propositions....................................................................................20 Interrelationship Between Theories and Study Variables .................................22 Definitions ...........................................................................................................22 Chapter Summary ......................................................................................................23 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW ...........................................................................25 Theoretical Frameworks ............................................................................................25 Literature on the Theory of Bureaucratic Caring