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Dedication of Te Reo Hotunui O Te Moana Nui a Kiwa PACIFIC ISLANDS MEMORIAL

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Dedication of Te Reo Hotunui O Te Moana Nui a Kiwa PACIFIC ISLANDS MEMORIAL Dedication of Te Reo Hotunui o Te Moana Nui a Kiwa PACIFIC ISLANDS MEMORIAL Pukeahu National War Memorial Park Saturday 27 March 2021 Contents Message from the Prime Minister of New Zealand 4 New Zealand’s military links with the Pacific 6 Order of Ceremony 12 About the Memorial 16 WHAKAAHUATIA A KONEI KIA MAU TŌ TORONGA MAI I TE NZ COVID TRACER APP SCAN HERE TO SIGN-IN WITH THE NZ COVID TRACER APP PUKEAHU NATIONAL WAR MEMORIAL PARK Message from the Prime Minister of New Zealand setting of the Pukeahu National War Memorial Park. The name of their design, Te Reo Hotunui o Te Moana nui a Kiwa – The deep sigh of the Pacific, perfectly encapsulates the symbolism of this memorial. Pacific peoples served with great courage and spirit, despite facing many additional hardships in their service, particularly during the First World War - including language barriers, and the extreme toll that exposure to foreign disease and illness took. Kia ora koutou. Their sacrifice must be shared, We gather today for the dedication of Te understood and never forgotten. Reo Hotunui o Te Moana Nui a Kiwa, the Pacific Islands Memorial. This historic Our bonds with the Pacific today span event was due to take place in April last culture, history, people, and language. year, making today’s dedication all the The Pacific Islands Memorial recognises more special. those connections, strengthening our relationships into the future. The Pacific Islands Memorial recognises the unique bond between Aotearoa New Zealand and the Pacific Islands, and acknowledges the service and sacrifice of Pacific peoples in the First and Second World Wars, and in Rt Hon Jacinda Ardern subsequent conflicts around the world. Prime Minister of New Zealand I hope that it might also serve to raise awareness amongst New Zealanders of the significant contribution of Pacific peoples during these conflicts. Michel Tuffery MNZM and Herriot Melhuish O’Neil Architects’ beautiful design sits perfectly within the sacred 4 New Zealand’s military links with the Pacific Aotearoa New Zealand’s connections the New Zealand Pioneer Battalion Left: Niue and Cook to Te Moana-nui-ā-Kiwa (the Pacific (combat engineers) in Egypt before Island soldiers on Ocean) stretch back thousands of years, moving to the Western Front with parade at Narrow beginning with the remarkable voyaging the NZEF in April 1916. Their health Neck camp in achievements of the Polynesian people, suffered in the cold northern European Auckland, October ancestors of these islands’ Māori tangata climate, and by late May more than 1915. Image courtesy whenua. Later, especially from the 80 per cent of the Niueans had been of Auckland Libraries late 18th century, European explorers, hospitalised. They were withdrawn from Heritage Collections, traders and whalers established the Western Front and sent to England, Ref:7-A14557 new Pacific maritime networks, and then returned to New Zealand. The Cook from 1840 New Zealand became an Islanders remained in Europe until early important economic centre of Britain’s 1918, when they were redeployed to the Pacific empire. Middle East, where a second contingent of 120 Cook Island recruits had already In 1914 and again in 1941 rivalries been sent. At least 48 Cook Island and between European and Asian Niuean men died as a result of war empires brought conflict to the Pacific. service, almost all due to illness. New Zealand’s opening act of the First World War was the unopposed capture Kiribati and Tuvalu were then part New Zealand’s war effort was again of the German colony of Samoa in In 1914 and again in 1941 rivalries of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands, primarily focused on Europe and the August 1914 (soon after, Australia seized between European and Asian also under British control. When 25 Middle East, tens of thousands of the German territories of New Guinea empires brought conflict to members of the Gilbert Native Police service personnel served and fought in and Nauru). New Zealand occupied the Pacific. volunteered, London referred this the Pacific. Samoa throughout the war, and offer to Wellington. These men arrived governed it afterwards under a League Volunteers from other Pacific territories The main focus of New Zealand’s in Auckland in July 1918, but like the of Nations mandate. also served with New Zealand forces, Pacific war effort was the Solomon Fijians they did not embark for overseas including some Samoans, Tongans and Islands, where all three services The main Pacific manpower service before the war’s end. Norfolk Islanders. When the British saw considerable action. Royal New contribution to New Zealand’s war colony of Fiji offered an ethnically mixed Volunteers from New Caledonia and Zealand Navy ships served alongside effort came from two territories it had contingent in 1918 London referred the French Polynesia served on the Western American forces, and from late 1942 annexed in 1901 – the Cook Islands matter to the New Zealand authorities, Front with the French Army. Royal New Zealand Air Force (RNZAF) and Niue. Both offered men for the who agreed to take the men. The Fijians fighter and bomber squadrons flew New Zealand Expeditionary Force During the Second World War much arrived in Auckland for training in from Guadalcanal. The following year (NZEF) as soon as news of the war of the western and central Pacific was August 1918, but the war ended before Guadalcanal was a staging point for reached the Pacific. A group of 45 Cook the scene of bloody fighting between they could be sent overseas. men of the New Zealand army’s 3rd Islanders and 150 Niuean men joined Japanese and Allied forces. While 6 7 Division, who occupied Vella Lavella in the New Zealand armed forces, and Mono Island. especially the 28th Māori Battalion. In 1944 the 3rd Division attacked the From 1942 to 1944 New Zealanders were Japanese-occupied island of Nissan, stationed in New Caledonia, home to which is now part of Papua New Guinea. the US South Pacific Command, within New Zealand airmen contributed to which New Zealand forces operated. the attacks on Japanese forces on New Zealand also supported Tahiti when Rabaul and the island of Bougainville. it rallied to the Free French cause in New Zealand civilian merchant seafarers 1940, sending the cruiser HMS Achilles. also served in the Pacific, and a handful After the Second World War New of New Zealand merchant ships were Zealand continued to maintain close sunk by German and Japanese raiders military links with a number of Pacific and submarines. territories. Between 1951 and 1956, 40 At the start of the war New Zealand had New Zealand officers served with a Fijian a network of over 50 coastwatching battalion that was deployed during the stations spread between Samoa, Tonga, Malayan Emergency. From 1953 to 1977 the Cook Islands, Fiji, the Gilbert and New Zealand provided administrative Ellice Islands, the Phoenix Islands, and training support and commanding Tokelau and Fanning Island. These were officers to the Tonga Defence Force. manned by a mixture of New Zealand Later, in 1997–98, a New Zealand- soldiers and civilians, and indigenous led peacekeeping force was sent to coastwatchers. In 1942, 17 captured Bougainville. In recent decades, too, New Zealand coastwatchers were New Zealanders of Pacific descent have executed by the Japanese at Tarawa. made up an increasingly important part During the war New Zealand troops of the New Zealand Defence Force. and RNZAF units were stationed in Fiji, Western Samoa and Tonga, where they received valuable support from the local populations. Fijian troops (joined by a small number of Tongans) served alongside New Zealanders in the Solomon Islands. A number of Samoans, Tongans and Cook Islanders enlisted Left: Fijian scouts, Vella Lavella, Soloman Islands, 9 September 1943. Image courtesy of Alexander Turnbull Library, Ref:PAColl-4161-01-113-01 9 Left: Bayonet drill by members of the Tonga Defence Force of 2nd NZEF, c.1943-44. Image courtesy of Alexander Turnbull Library, Ref:PA1-f-107-07-2 Below: RNZAF arrival at Jacquinot Bay, New Britain, Papua New Guinea, 1945. RNZAF Official Image courtesy of Airforce Museum of New Zealand, Ref:PR6758 Above: Coastwatching headquarters at Nukufetau, Ellice Islands, 1941. Photograph by Donald Leslie Vaughan in D. O. W. Hall, Coastwatchers. Wellington: War History Branch, Department of Internal Affairs, 1951. Order of Ceremony Background music performed by DEDICATION CEREMONY Kia kite kotou ko Iehova anake ra te Karakia and blessing of the memorial by Taulanga Ū Brass Band WELCOME Atua Peter Jackson, Taranaki Whānui Wesley Wellington A I E Caren Rangi ONZM Kia kite kotou ko Iehova anake ra te Cook Islands Community Leader Atua FLORAL TRIBUTES Chair of The Arts Council of ARRIVAL OF THE OFFICIAL The Official Party and representatives New Zealand Toi Aotearoa PARTY E tomo ki tona au ngutupa ma te of seventeen Pacific Island Nations akameitaki e …. ma te akameitaki e lay floral tributes at the memorial Please stand And accompanied by a Blessing Song – Akapaapaa tatou Bernadette Cavanagh Whakaaria Mai/E hilihili kehe lava Ia KARANGA Akameitaki i tona ingoa (How Great Thou Art) performed by Chief Executive, Manatū Taonga Ia Iehova e…. Pekaira Rei Tialemua Lemisio Ministry for Culture and Heritage Akapaapaa tatou Taranaki Whānui The Right Honourable Jacinda Ardern Ia Iehova ka tu ia e rimua on behalf of the people of New Zealand OPENING PRAYER E tana ra tuatua mou e MIHI WHAKATAU Pastor Teremoana Tauira Maka QSM Tera uki tera uki e The Honourable Mark Brown Peter Jackson Victory Apostolic
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