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Development of Biobased Poly(L-Lactide)/Polyamide Blends with Improved Interfaces and Thermo-Mechanical Properties for High-Performance Applications Amulya Raj To cite this version: Amulya Raj. Development of Biobased Poly(L-Lactide)/Polyamide Blends with Improved Interfaces and Thermo-Mechanical Properties for High-Performance Applications. Polymers. Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai, 2019. English. NNT : 2019MTLD0011. tel-03039646 HAL Id: tel-03039646 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03039646 Submitted on 4 Dec 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. NETN° d’ordre : 2019MTLD0011 THÈSE présentée en vue d’obtenir le grade de DOCTEUR en Génie des matériaux par Amulya RAJ DOCTORAT DE L’UNIVERSITÉ DE LILLE DELIVRÉ PAR IMT LILLE DOUAI DEVELOPMENT OF BIOBASED POLY(L-LACTIDE)/POLYAMIDE BLENDS WITH IMPROVED INTERFACES AND THERMO-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES FOR HIGH-PERFORMANCES APPLICATIONS Soutenance le 3 Décembre 2019 devant le jury d’examen : President GAUCHER Valérie, Pr. Université de Lille Rapporteur RAQUEZ Jean-Marie, Pr. Université de Mons Rapporteur CHALAMET Yvan, Pr. Université Jean Monnet Saint-Etienne Examinateur FATYEYEVA Kateryna, Dr.HDr Université de Rouen Directeur de PRASHANTHA Kalappa, Dr.HDr IMT Lille Douai thèse Encadrant SAMUEL Cedric, Dr. IMT Lille Douai Laboratoire d’accueil CERI Matériaux et Procédés IMT Lille Douai Ecole Doctorale SMRE 104 (Lille I, Lille II, Artois, ULCO, UVHC, Centrale Lille, Chimie Lille, IMT Lille Douai) Chapter 1 2 Chapter 1 NETN° d’ordre : 109378 THÈSE présentée en vue d’obtenir le grade de DOCTEUR en Génie des matériaux par Amulya RAJ DOCTORAT DE L’UNIVERSITÉ DE LILLE DELIVRÉ PAR IMT LILLE DOUAI DEVELOPMENT OF BIOBASED POLY(L-LACTIDE)/POLYAMIDE BLENDS WITH IMPROVED INTERFACES AND THERMO-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES FOR HIGH-PERFORMANCES APPLICATIONS Soutenance le 3 Décembre 2019 devant le jury d’examen : President GAUCHER Valérie, Pr. Université de Lille Rapporteur RAQUEZ Jean-Marie, Pr. Université de Mons Rapporteur CHALAMET Yvan, Pr. Université Jean Monnet Saint-Etienne Examinateur FATYEYEVA Kateryna, Dr.HDr Université de Rouen Directeur de PRASHANTHA Kalappa, Dr.HDr IMT Lille Douai thèse Encadrant SAMUEL Cedric, Dr. IMT Lille Douai Laboratoire d’accueil CERI Matériaux et Procédés IMT Lille Douai Ecole Doctorale SMRE 104 (Lille I, Lille II, Artois, ULCO, UVHC, Centrale Lille, Chimie Lille, IMT Lille Douai) 3 Chapter 1 4 Chapter 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my deep gratitude to Dr.Prashantha Kalappa and Dr.Cedric Samuel for providing me a wonderful platform to conduct my thesis in IMT-Lille-Douai, France. My special thanks to my thesis supervisor Dr.Cedric Samuel for his guidance, suggestions, encouragement and the time he invested throughout my thesis. Thank you for the Friday meetings, that helped me improve my presentation skills further and the continuous evaluation and scientific discussion further enhanced my interest in thesis. I offer my sincere thanks to Dr. Patricia KRAWCKZAK head of the department of TPCIM, IMT-Lille-Douai for welcoming me to her team and her encouragement during my thesis. I would like to thank Dr.Valerie Gauchier for being the president of the jury of my theis defense. I would like to thank Dr.Jean-Marie Racquez and Dr.Yvan Chalamet for accepting our invitation to be the reporters in jury for my thesis defense. I would like to thank for their valuable time. I would like to thank Dr.Kateryna Fatyeyeva for accepting our invitation to be the examinater in the jury for my thesis defense. I offer my sincere thanks to Carlo ANGOTZI for helping me several times while working with Coperion extruder and all the other times I needed technical help. I would like to thank Laurent CHARLET, Pierre BEDART, Jean-Pierre MIMARD, Maxime DORCHIES and Xavier DORCHIES for their technical help throughout this work. My special thanks to Murielle DELSERT and Dominique KOCZOROWSKI for being so kind, for their quick responses. I would even like to thank them for all the help they provided during these 3 years. Thank you Murielle for speaking French slowly so that I understood and for bearing my French. I would also like to thank Dr. Malladi NAGALAKSHMAIAH for his guidance and mentoring me during the final phase of my thesis. Your suggestions and support helped me a lot to improve myself and my work. I would like to thank my dear friend Anurag for being there from the day one, helping me, listening to all my problems and encouraging me throughout this tedious journey. My special thanks to Keerthi Krishna for being an amazing friend, a food partner and for always listening to all my stories. I would like to thank Aniket for his friendship, patiently listening and encouraging me during my final year. I would like to thank Antoine for being the best office neighbor ever. I would also like to thank Helene for her friendship and the amazing talks we had during these 3 years. I would also like to thank Sebastien, Nazim and Jennifer for their warm welcome and help. My special thanks to Axel for helping me learn French, support and his 5 Chapter 1 friendship. My special thanks to Caroline for her friendship, cheering me up with her positive attitude and inspiring me never to stop achieving my goal. She has been my confidante here and I thank her from heart for that. I would like to thank Julie for her friendship, harry potter marathon and support in my first year of thesis. I would like to thank Anuprita for her friendship, constant support and her help towards the end of my thesis and reducing my stress levels. Special thanks to Sutapa, Bheems and Rakesh for being just a phone call away when I needed them. Finally last but not the least I would like to thank my parents for their everlasting support, encouragment and love which made all this possible. I would like to thank my fiancé Abhilash for his constant support and for all the strength when I was discouraged or stressed. Thank you for helping me throughout my thesis without complaining, thank you for the sensible advices and unconditional love without which it would be very difficult to finish this thesis. 6 Chapter 1 Contents Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................. 9 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 11 2 State of the art .................................................................................................................. 15 PLA overview ........................................................................................................... 15 PLA markets and trends ............................................................................................ 17 Strategies to overcome drawbacks of PLA ............................................................... 18 2.3.1 Plasticization ...................................................................................................... 18 2.3.2 Co-polymerisation.............................................................................................. 20 2.3.3 Nucleating agents and nanocomposites ............................................................. 20 2.3.4 Impact modifiers ................................................................................................ 21 2.3.5 Stereocomplexation of Poly(Lactide) ................................................................ 22 2.3.6 Miscellaneous approaches ................................................................................. 22 Overview of Polymer blends ..................................................................................... 23 2.4.1 Thermodynamics of blends ................................................................................ 23 2.4.2 Processing methods of polymer blends.............................................................. 24 PLA based blends ...................................................................................................... 25 2.5.1 PLA/PMMA blends ........................................................................................... 27 2.5.2 PLA/Polycarbonate blends................................................................................. 33 2.5.3 PLA/semi-aromatic Polyester blends ................................................................. 40 2.5.4 PLA/Polyamide blends ...................................................................................... 45 Conclusions ............................................................................................................... 55 Objectives and Workplan (Article organization) ...................................................... 56 3 Compatibility in Biobased Poly(L-Lactide)/Polyamide Binary Blends: From Melt-State Interfacial Tensions To (Thermo)Mechanical Properties ........................................................ 59 Introduction ..............................................................................................................
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