Holst Birthplace Trust Newsletter
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“Music-Making in a Joyous Sense”: Democratization, Modernity, and Community at Benjamin Britten's Aldeburgh Festival of Music and the Arts
“Music-making in a Joyous Sense”: Democratization, Modernity, and Community at Benjamin Britten's Aldeburgh Festival of Music and the Arts Daniel Hautzinger Candidate for Senior Honors in History Oberlin College Thesis Advisor: Annemarie Sammartino Spring 2016 Hautzinger ii Table of Contents 1. Introduction 1 2. Historiography and the Origin of the Festival 9 a. Historiography 9 b. The Origin of the Festival 14 3. The Democratization of Music 19 4. Technology, Modernity, and Their Dangers 31 5. The Festival as Community 39 6. Conclusion 53 7. Bibliography 57 a. Primary Sources 57 b. Secondary Sources 58 Hautzinger iii Acknowledgements This thesis would never have come together without the help and support of several people. First, endless gratitude to Annemarie Sammartino. Her incredible intellect, voracious curiosity, outstanding ability for drawing together disparate strands, and unceasing drive to learn more and know more have been an inspiring example over the past four years. This thesis owes much of its existence to her and her comments, recommendations, edits, and support. Thank you also to Ellen Wurtzel for guiding me through my first large-scale research paper in my third year at Oberlin, and for encouraging me to pursue honors. Shelley Lee has been an invaluable resource and advisor in the daunting process of putting together a fifty-some page research paper, while my fellow History honors candidates have been supportive, helpful in their advice, and great to commiserate with. Thank you to Steven Plank and everyone else who has listened to me discuss Britten and the Aldeburgh Festival and kindly offered suggestions. -
The Latest Newsletter. We Do Hope You Can Attend the AGM and the Holst Birthday Concert, Both in Cheltenham on Saturday 29Th September
SEPTEMBER 2018 Welcome to the latest newsletter. We do hope you can attend the AGM and the Holst Birthday Concert, both in Cheltenham on Saturday 29th September. AGM Sunday 23rd September at 2.30pm, Malvern Theatres, Malvern. Welcome to the latest newsletter. This month, we celebrate the Holst A Moorside Suite. 144th anniversary of the birth of Holst. The annual Holst Birthday Concert will take place in St Andrew’s URC, Sunday 23rd September at 3pm, St Mary Magdalene Church, th Montpellier Street, Cheltenham at 7.30pm on Saturday 29 Hucknall, Nottingham. Holst Choral Hymns from the Rig Veda. September. If you plan to be in Cheltenham that evening, why rd not make it a day’s visit by including the Society’s first AGM Sunday 23 September at 7.30pm, Wigmore Hall, London. which will be held at St Andrew’s URC that afternoon, at 4pm. Holst The Heart Worships. At the conclusion of the AGM, Angela Applegate will present a th PowerPoint illustrated celebration of Holst, entitled “Music, Saturday 29 September at 7.30pm, Ely Cathedral. Holst The Friendship and the Cotswold Hills: The Life of Gustav Holst”. Planets and The Cotswold Symphony. th We hope to finish events by 5.30pm, which should give a little Sunday 30 September at 3pm, Great Witley Church, time for a bite to eat, prior to the evening’s concert. Worcestershire. Holst The Moorside Suite. nd Please also note that we will be providing refreshments at the Tuesday 2 October at 7.30pm, St John’s Smith Square, AGM including hot drinks, biscuits and cake. -
Concert De Noël
Concert de Noël MAÎTRISE DE RADIO FRANCE DIMANCHE 15 DÉCEMBRE 201916H © François Olislaeger IMOGEN HOLST Christmas Carols pour chœur féminin a capella : 1. Coventry carol – 2. A Virgin most pure – 3. Wassail Song (10 minutes environ) ALASTAIR PUTT Under the Giant Fern of Night (création française) 1. Dark Matter – 2. Girl with a Balloon - 3. Turning Nightward – 4. When You Wish Upon a Star – 5. Let There Always Be Light – 6. Notte di San Giovanni (20 minutes environ) GUSTAV HOLST Ave Maria H 49 opus 9b Choral Hymns from the Rig Veda H 99 opus 26 no3 (Troisième groupe) 1. Cantique à l’aube – 2. Cantique aux eaux – 3. Cantique à Vena – 4. Cantique des voyageurs (15 minutes environ) IMOGEN HOLST Christmas Carols pour chœur féminin a capella : 4. The Holly and the Ivy - 5. In the bleak mid-winter (10 minutes environ) BENJAMIN BRITTEN A Ceremony of Carols pour chœur d’enfants et harpe, opus 28 IRIS TOROSSIAN harpe (22 minutes environ) MAÎTRISE DE RADIO FRANCE SOFI JEANNIN direction IMOGEN HOLST 1907-1984 de plus de cinq cents habitants, ainsi que la destruction de la cathédrale Saint-Michel. Pour illustrer son reportage sur le désastre, la BBC diffusa Christmas Carols lors de son reportage la mélodie du Coventry Carol, connue de tous les Arrangements de noëls traditionnels effectués de 1940 à 1958. Britanniques. Un nouvel édifice sera reconstruit à côté des ruines et consa- cré en 1962 au son du War Requiem de Britten, dont Imogen Holst super- visera la publication. Fille du compositeur Gustav Holst et de la chanteuse Isobel Harrison, La première occurrence connue de l’hymne A Virgin most pure date de Imogen Holst est née le 12 avril 1907 à Londres. -
The Perfect Fool (1923)
The Perfect Fool (1923) Opera and Dramatic Oratorio on Lyrita An OPERA in ONE ACT For details visit https://www.wyastone.co.uk/all-labels/lyrita.html Libretto by the composer William Alwyn. Miss Julie SRCD 2218 Cast in order of appearance Granville Bantock. Omar Khayyám REAM 2128 The Wizard Richard Golding (bass) Lennox Berkeley. Nelson The Mother Pamela Bowden (contralto) SRCD 2392 Her son, The Fool speaking part Walter Plinge Geoffrey Bush. Lord Arthur Savile’s Crime REAM 1131 Three girls: Alison Hargan (soprano) Gordon Crosse. Purgatory SRCD 313 Barbara Platt (soprano) Lesley Rooke (soprano) Eugene Goossens. The Apocalypse SRCD 371 The Princess Margaret Neville (soprano) Michael Hurd. The Aspern Papers & The Night of the Wedding The Troubadour John Mitchinson (tenor) The Traveller David Read (bass) SRCD 2350 A Peasant speaking part Ronald Harvi Walter Leigh. Jolly Roger or The Admiral’s Daughter REAM 2116 Narrator George Hagan Elizabeth Maconchy. Héloïse and Abelard REAM 1138 BBC Northern Singers (chorus-master, Stephen Wilkinson) Thea Musgrave. Mary, Queen of Scots SRCD 2369 BBC Northern Symphony Orchestra (Leader, Reginald Stead) Conducted by Charles Groves Phyllis Tate. The Lodger REAM 2119 Produced by Lionel Salter Michael Tippett. The Midsummer Marriage SRCD 2217 A BBC studio recording, broadcast on 7 May 1967 Ralph Vaughan Williams. Sir John in Love REAM 2122 Cover image : English: Salamander- Bestiary, Royal MS 1200-1210 REAM 1143 2 REAM 1143 11 drowned in a surge of trombones. (Only an ex-addict of Wagner's operas could have 1 The WIZARD is performing a magic rite 0.21 written quite such a devastating parody as this.) The orchestration is brilliant throughout, 2 WIZARD ‘Spirit of the Earth’ 4.08 and in this performance Charles Groves manages to convey my father's sense of humour Dance of the Spirits of the Earth with complete understanding and infectious enjoyment.” 3 WIZARD. -
Imogen Holst Sche Leiterin Des Aldeburgh Festivals, Das Sie Entschei- Dend Prägte
Holst, Imogen Imogen Holst sche Leiterin des Aldeburgh Festivals, das sie entschei- dend prägte. Sie komponierte nur phasenweise, gründete * 12. April 1907 in Richmond, Surrey, England jedoch während dieser Zeit die Purcell Singers, erhielt † 9. März 1984 in Aldeburgh, Suffolk, und verbreitete das musikalische Erbe ihres Vaters nach dessen Tod 1934 und schrieb Bücher über Musik und Dirigentin, Komponistin, Benjamin Brittens Komponisten. Nach der Ernennung zum Commander of musikalische Assistentin, Musikschriftstellerin, the British Empire 1974/75 zog sich Holst nach und nach Musikherausgeberin, Musiklehrerin, Pianistin, Tänzerin, von ihren vielfältigen Aufgaben zurück und starb nach ei- Nachlassverwalterin, Festivalleiterin, ner letzten kreativen Phase des Komponierens zwischen Musikbotschafterin 1980 und 1984 im Alter von 76 Jahren. Mehr zu Biografie „Ich fühle mich wie ein echter Komponist!“ (Imogen Holst bei der Ansicht der Druckfahnen der Parti- Sechs Jahre nach der Heirat ihrer Eltern Isobel und Gus- tur ihres Streichquintetts, 1983, in: Grogan, Christopher, tav von Holst wurde Imogen Holst als einziges Kind in (Hg.), Imogen Holst. A Life in Music. Woodbridge: The Richmond geboren. Schon früh zeigte sich ihre künstleri- Boydell Press, 2007. S. 426, Übs. A.F.) sche Begabung, besonders in ihrer Freude am Tanz. Be- reits 1920 entschieden ihre Eltern jedoch gegen die Tanz- Profil schule und schickten Imogen aus gesundheitlichen Grün- Imogen Holst widmete ihr Leben der Förderung klassi- den auf die Paul’s Girls‘ School in London, wo ihr Vater scher Musik auf allen Ebenen. Als Lehrerin, Dirigentin, Musik unterrichtete. Ihr Verhältnis zu ihren Eltern war Herausgeberin, Musikschriftstellerin und nicht zuletzt von Distanz geprägt, obwohl Gustav Holst sie in ihren Komponistin arbeitete die Tochter von Gustav Holst rast- musikalischen Aktivitäten unterstützte(er unterrichtete los mit Laien ebenso wie professionellen Musikern in sie jedoch nicht selbst). -
A Night with the Choir Prog 18.5.19 AMC
FAURÉ: CANTIQUE DE JEAN RACINE TAVENER: THE LAMB Welcome... From the DIRECTOR OF MUSIC A very warm welcome to you all and thank you for coming to St Bartholomew’s Church, Orford. The Choir always enjoy singing here with the Church’s beauty, vibrant acoustics, and its relationship with Benjamin Britten, who performed and recorded here on many occasions. Tonight’s concert shows the range of musical styles the Choir sing, from the 15th to the 20th Century. This is our last concert of the Season but we return to Snape Maltings on 23rd November with a performance of the Verdi Requiem and again on 21st March 2020 with a Bach and Vivaldi programme. We return to Orford on 16th May with music by Mozart, Purcell and Haydn. Edmond Fivet From the CHAIRMAN The choir has had a very enjoyable and successful 2018-19 season. No one will forget the atmospheric and sell-out performance of Karl Jenkins’ The Armed Man – A Mass for Peace, last November at Snape, held so close to the 100th anniversary of the signing of the armistice in the Great War. This was followed by a totally contrasting concert in March when we celebrated the genius of The Amazing Mr Handel in a number of his choral and instrumental works. Tonight’s performance gives us an opportunity to display more of the breadth of repertoire undertaken by the choir. At the end of the season on the choir’s behalf I must offer grateful thanks to all our patrons and sponsors for their continuing support. -
Western Music, Cosmic Meaning, and the Great War
Western Music, Cosmic Meaning, and the Great War Charles A. O’Connor III Georgetown University he ancient Greeks thought that mathematical laws governed music and the universe, producing the T unheard “music of the spheres” from planetary revolutions, and they thought that audible music reflected the physical and spiritual harmony of the entire world.1 Greek bards celebrated their gods and heroes in music, and Aristotle believed that music affected moral behavior.2 The Israelites claimed that David’s harp cured the madness of Saul and their trumpets toppled the walls of Jericho.3 This intimate relationship between music and the universe has permeated Western culture through the ages. In Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice, Lorenzo invites Jessica to hear “the sound of music” on a moonlit night: Look how the floor of heaven Is thick inlaid with pattens of bright gold: There is not the smallest orb which thou behold’st But in his motion like an angel sings, Still quiring to the young-eyed cherubins; Such harmony is in immortal souls But whilst the muddy vesture of decay Doth grossly close it in, we cannot hear it.4 Because music is thoroughly ingrained in Western culture, it can provide a unique insight into the evolving Western perception of the universe—the worldview held by the composer as well as the 1 E.g., Pythagoras, Plato, and Ptolemy. J. Peter Burkholder, Donald Jay Grout, and Claude V. Palisca, A History of Western Music, 9th ed. (New York: W. W. Norton, 2014), 9-14; Plato, Republic, 10 (617). 2 Burkholder, Grout, and Palisca, A History of Western Music, 14; Aristotle, Politics, 8 (1340a-b); Odyssey, 8 (62-82). -
Download Newsletter
JUNE 2019 Welcome to the early summer newsletter. THREE CHOIRS FESTIVAL Nevertheless, music by contemporary composers is well featured. I make no apologies for referring, again, to the host of Holst’s music due to be performed at this year’s Three Choirs Festival The Malcolm Arnold Society has analysed the performances of which runs from 26th July to 3rd August. The host cathedral city works by British composers at the Proms. is Gloucester. As I mentioned in the April 2019 newsletter, there is much music by Holst to be heard at this year’s Three Choirs. The top ten makes interesting reading:- John Graham, Chris Collier (co-trustees) and I will be at the Edward Elgar 899 Festival between Tuesday 30th July and Saturday 3rd August. Ralph Vaughan Williams 351 We will be wearing our badges. If you are able to attend, do Benjamin Britten 301 please make yourselves known to us. We look forward to William Walton 272 seeing you there. Frederick Delius 266 Gustav Holst 191 THE PROMS Hubert Parry 148 John Ireland 129 On a less positive note, there is nothing by Holst at this year’s Charles Villiers Stanford 120 Proms, other than the annual performance of The Planets. Granville Bantock 117 Regrettably, English music does not feature as much as it should. To summarise:- What is of particular interest is the previous success of certain composers, who are now almost wholly forgotten. For example, Malcolm Arnold – Peterloo Overture Haydn Wood and Henry Walford Davies secured 92 and 76 performances, respectively. Hamilton Harty secured 50. -
Imogen Holst CHORAL WORKS Benjamin Britten (Orch
Imogen Holst CHORAL WORKS Benjamin Britten (orch. I. Holst) Rejoice in the Lamb Choir of Clare College, Cambridge The Dmitri Ensemble Graham Ross dir. 907576 © harmonia mundi Imogen Holst Choral Works (1907–84) world première recordings Mass in A minor (1927) 20’36 1 Kyrie 3’26 2 Gloria 3’28 3 Credo 5’34 4 Sanctus – Osanna – Benedictus – Osanna 4’37 5 Agnus Dei 3’18 6 A Hymne to Christ (1940) 2’24 Three Psalms (1943) 16’07 7 Psalm 80: Give ear, O shepherd of Israel 7’24 8 Psalm 56: Be merciful unto me, O God 4’58 9 Psalm 91: He that dwelleth in the secret place of the Most High 3’35 Welcome Joy and Welcome Sorrow (1950) 9’19 Tanya Houghton harp 10 Welcome Joy and Welcome Sorrow 1’40 11 Teignmouth 1’30 12 Over the Hill and over the Dale 0’56 13 O sorrow 2’54 14 Lullaby 2’11 15 Shed no tear 1’28 16 Hallo my fancy, whither wilt thou go? (1972) 6’25 Benjamin Britten (1913–76), orchestrated Imogen Holst Rejoice in the Lamb: A Festival Cantata (1952) 15’46 Cressida Sharp soprano18 Robert Cross countertenor 19 Stefan Kennedy tenor 20 Dominic Sedgwick bass22 17 Rejoice in God, O ye Tongues 3’44 18 For I will consider my Cat Jeoffry 1’59 19 For the Mouse is a creature of great personal valour 0’47 20 For the flowers are great blessings 2’03 21 For I am under the same accusation with my Saviour 2’38 22 For H is a spirit and therefore he is God 1’01 23 For the instruments are by their rhimes 2’19 24 Hallelujah from the heart of God 1’14 Choir of Clare College, Cambridge The Dmitri Ensemble (7–15, 17–24) Graham Ross dir. -
Holst Family Contribution to Cheltenham Music Making in the 19Th Century
The Holst family contribution to Cheltenham music making in the 19th century by Graham Lockwood Today Cheltenham basks in the fame that comes from being the town in which the composer of The Planets was born. The Holst Birthplace Museum attracts visitors from around the world and a near life-size sculpture of Gustav Holst now enhances Imperial Gardens in the town centre. For this the community must thank Gustav’s great grandfather, Matthias, born in Riga in 1769. It was Matthias who came to England and who was later to add the name of Holst to those contributing to Cheltenham’s growing musical tradition1. This story began very early in the 19th century when Matthias Holst took the bold decision to give up his role as a professional musician attached to the Imperial Russian Court in St. Petersburg and, with his young family, to settle in London. Matthias’s talents equipped him to earn a living both as a composer and a teacher of playing the harp. His choice of London may have been influenced by stories of the financial successes of those continental musicians who visited or lived there. Haydn is reported to have accumulated 24,000 gulden from his two visits to England in the 1790s compared with just 2,000 gulden from his many years in the service of the Esterhazy family2. Handel had made a considerable fortune from his many years in London in the 18th century. At that time the English were prepared to pay well for musical performance and tuition, but they also had their prejudices. -
A Reappraisal of the Relationship Between Benjamin Britten and Walter Greatorex
A Reappraisal of the Relationship Between Benjamin Britten and Walter Greatorex Jim Coyle The Authorized Version That the young Benjamin Britten disliked Walter Greatorex, his school mu- sic teacher, is an apparently permanent part of the Britten narrative; speak- ing, as it does, to the idea that the prodigious teenager’s musical persona and compositional output were beyond the comprehension of a provincial and conservative schoolmaster who, in Kildea’s memorable phrase, was “emblematic of English philistinism” (Kildea 2013, 45). This paper seeks to rehabilitate Greatorex’s reputation, drawing on evidence that presents him as a humane and skillful teacher and as a musician with not only a breadth and depth of talent, but also a lifelong commitment to serve the musical needs of his community: a philosophy that has a certain reso- nance with Britten’s stated views. The thesis is not so much that Greatorex had a demonstrably positive influence on Britten’s musical development, though there are unprovable suggestions that he might have been to some extent. Rather, it is to rebut the received understanding that he was an incompetent reactionary whose lack of understanding of Britten’s talent caused him to try and suppress the development of the young composer. A reputation for being reactionary and small-minded that has attached itself to Greatorex is based on two sources. One is a description of Britten’s first encounter with Greatorex at the start of the former’s time at Gresham’s school in 1928, which is an established piece of Britten lore and first ap- peared in print in Imogen Holst’s 1966 biography. -
Holst in an Unusual Circle (PDF)
Holst in an unusual circle Tom Clarke, © 2014 For a man with socialist sympathies, and famed for his simple and modest life, it is ironic that Gustav Holst once gained support from Rolls-Royce, the very epitome of luxury and exclusiveness. But there was a human side to this story that probably accounts for Holst moving within this circle for a few years. His contact with Rolls-Royce involved someone like himself who preferred to keep out of the limelight. The Commercial Managing Director of Rolls-Royce Ltd. from 1906, and soon its full managing director, was Claude Goodman Johnson (1864-1926), a man of liberal outlook. He was one of seven children, born to a religious father who worked first in the glove trade and then at the South Kensington Museum, teaching himself much about art for self improvement. He instilled a love of church music and Bach into his children. Of Claude’s brothers, Cyril Leslie became a composer, Douglas a Canon of Manchester cathedral, and Basil succeeded him briefly at Rolls- Royce Ltd. Although not artistic Claude had a deep feeling for art and music. Claude Johnson was undoubtedly the business force which made Rolls-Royce preeminent in the Edwardian period and beyond. His organisational skills were phenomenal. As soon as he had Rolls-Royce on a sound footing he began to seek out artists who could enhance the Rolls-Royce image. He used the great sculptor and typographer Eric Gill in 1906 to design the company’s font. The sculptor Charles Robinson Sykes was invited to design the company’s famous car mascot, the Spirit of Ecstasy, in 1910.