Touro University College of Osteopathic Medicine 2016 - 2020 Residency Match Report 2016 - 2020 RESIDENCY MATCH REPORT Table of Contents 3 Introduction 4 Guide to Acronyms and Key Terms 5 The Match 6 Residency by the Numbers 7 Applying to Residency 8 Guide to Understanding Residency Match Outcomes 10 TUCOM 2016-2020 Residency Match Outcomes 11 2016 – 2020 Residency Matches by Subject Copyright © 2021 Touro University California, 1310 Club Drive, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. All rights reserved. Permission to use, copy or distribute content from this publication shall be obtained expressly from Touro University California. Copyright ©2021 Touro University California 2 2016 - 2020 RESIDENCY MATCH REPORT Introduction This report describes the residency matching process and provides residency program match information for Touro University College of Osteopathic Medicine (TUCOM) students for the most recent 5-year period (2016-2020). Residency match outcomes are important indicators to institutions, faculty, students and prospective students throughout the continuum of osteopathic medical education. However, the outcomes themselves are just the final datum in a complex and contingent process that each student navigates individually. This report presents residency match outcomes as much as possible in the context of how students make decisions. Physician training can be classified into three phases, part of one of which encompasses ‘residency’: Undergraduate Medical Education (UME), Graduate Medical Education (GME), and Continuing Medical Education (CME). UME is the four or more years of medical school training following graduation from college. GME includes required training commonly referred to as ‘residency’ and optional later training such as fellowships. The required residency training takes place in hospital or health center facilities after graduation from medical school. Residency programs of one year duration are referred to as ‘internships’, Transitional Year programs, or ‘preliminary programs’ in reference to their role as qualifying experiences for subsequent training. The shortest length of a complete residency program is 3 years and is referred to as ‘categorical’. For some 4-year programs the training can be either continuous in the subject at the same facility (i.e., categorical), or divided into an internship in Year 1 (at any qualifying program) and continuous subject training in Years 2 -4 (‘advanced’). Within a subject GME training is uniform in length (e.g., all Family Medicine programs are 3-years in duration, all General Surgery programs are 5-year, etc), with Neurosurgery being the longest at 7-years. CME is the series of annual learning activities that all physicians must complete in order to remain current and informed in their field of practice. To obtain a state license to practice medicine a medical school graduate must complete a minimum of one year of GME training, commonly referred to as ‘internship’. In many states, including California, the minimum requirement is completion of a 3-year categorical GME residency training program. The trajectory of physician training is important to understand because the residency match is a point in the trajectory but is not the only path that determines a physician’s ultimate medical practice. Residency contracts typically begin as Year 1 contracts only, after which the original residency match is renewed contractually by mutual agreement. This is relevant because a school’s match report captures the results of the initial residency match as opposed to an accurate count of how many graduates will go on to practice medicine in each specialty. And, as noted below, students who match initially into only a Transitional Year or preliminary position may not be counted in a match report because their ultimate specialty choice is determined after they are no longer an active student. This can apply also to graduates in the military match, for whom deferments of complete residency training until after completion of military service is common. Copyright ©2021 Touro University California 3 2016 - 2020 RESIDENCY MATCH REPORT Guide to Acronyms and Key Terms ACGME – American Council of Graduate Medical Education - the once allopathic residency accrediting agency that now accredits all Graduate Medical Education training in the US. Advanced – refers to a residency training program that separates the first year of training into an independent internship; in the match cycle an applicant would apply simultaneously to advanced programs and to preliminary or transitional year programs in order to cover the full extent of their residency training. Advanced programs exist in Anesthesiology, Child Neurology, Dermatology, Neurology, Ophthalmology, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Radiation Oncology, and Radiology. Categorical – refers to a residency training program that offers the complete tenure of training, without need for an independent internship year. Ophthalmology is the only discipline that does not offer categorical program training. CME – Continuing Medical Education, the annual requirement of physicians to advance their competency after completing formal Graduate Medical Education. Fellowship – Optional focused training after residency in a specialized practice of a residency discipline. Cardiologists, for example, typically have completed a Cardiology Fellowship after an Internal Medicine residency. Fellowships vary in length and typically are required in order to become certified by the relevant specialty practice board (i.e., ‘Board Certified’). FMG – Foreign Medical Graduate – refers to non-US citizens who have completed medical training outside of the US and who are considered eligible to train in US residency programs. GME – Graduate Medical Education, the scope of formal training options after graduating from medical school that includes internships, residencies and fellowships. IMG – International Medical Graduate – refers to a US citizen who has completed medical training outside of the US (e.g., at Canadian, European or Caribbean medical schools) and is considered eligible to train in US residency programs. Initial Match Rate – refers to the percentage of people matched by the NRMP main residency match algorithm, and typically totals approximately 90% of all US MD and DO applicants in the cycle. Internship – an informal term that refers to the first year of GME; internship can refer to the first year in a categorical residency or to an independent preliminary or Transitional Year program of one year duration. All licensed physicians in the US must have completed an internship year of GME training. NRMP – National Residency Matching Program - the independent body that executes the ACGME match exclusive of Ophthalmology, Plastic Surgery, Urology, and students matching through the US Military Health Professions Scholarship Program. Overall Match Rate – refers to the percentage of people matched at the end of the NRMP main residency match cycle, the SOAP period, and the Scramble period. Given the higher total number of residency positions compared to US MD and DO applicants, the overall match rate for most US medical schools ultimately converges on 100%. PGY – .Post-Graduate Year – a shorthand version of noting the specific year of residency (e.g., a PGY-3 is a third-year resident) Post-Match – informal term that refers to the period after the initial residency match results are determined by the NRMP. The initial match results derive from an optimization algorithm involving all applicants and all residency programs. Approximately 90% of all US MD and DO applicants are matched by this algorithm. Unmatched applicants and programs then enter the Post-Match period which includes a formal period (SOAP) and an informal continuation (Scramble). Results that combine the initial match outcomes and the SOAP outcomes are celebrated nationally as ‘Match Day’. Scramble – an informal term that refers to the period after the formal NRMP match cycle has concluded. At this time any remaining unmatched applicants and any unfilled residency programs are able to contract with each other outside of the NRMP process. SOAP – Supplemental Offer and Acceptance Program – the formal ‘mini-match’ NRMP process that allows unmatched applicants and unfilled programs to enter a series of matching rounds over a 72-hour period following the determination of the initial match results. Results of the initial match and the SOAP are combined in the national release of match lists on ‘Match Day’ each year. UME – Undergraduate Medical Education – the formal term for the period spent in medical school. An undergraduate college degree is required for admission to medical school, and a medical school degree is required for Graduate Medical Education. Copyright ©2021 Touro University California 4 2016 - 2020 RESIDENCY MATCH REPORT The Match In the residency match process students rank the programs they prefer to match and programs rank the students they prefer to have matched. The algorithm drives the student list against the subordinate program list. Results of the NRMP, Military, Ophthalmology and Urology matches are binding, such that each student can receive only a single match and is bound by match participation rules to accept it. As of the Class of 2020 the residency match process involves four* not-exclusive pathways, in the following chronological order: • Military Match (December) o Military scholarship students rank military base programs and/or civilian deferment according to rules within their