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The Situation in Daraa Since the Government of Syria Took Control of the Province Monitoring of Violations – Report 6 21 June 2019 I
The Situation in Daraa since the Government of Syria Took Control of the Province Monitoring of Violations – Report 6 21 June 2019 I. Introduction The Syrian Civic Platform (SCP) monitors violations in the Daraa province, which has been subject to Russian-brokered settlement agreements with the Government of Syria (GoS). This report is the sixth report monitoring the situation in Daraa since the GoS took control of the province. A sense of anticipation prevailed in Daraa during May 2019 as a result of recent developments in Idlib province. This report monitors the security situation in Daraa, which was marked by an increasing number of kidnappings and killings in various areas. Additionally, this report monitors the poor economic situation as a result of high prices and scarcity of materials during the month of Ramadan, and the absence of many basic materials due to the fuel crisis. II. Security situation The following is a summary of assassinations and killings according to the areas where they occurred: § Al-Sanamayn: The town of al-Sanamayn witnessed tensions that led to the blocking of all the entrances to the town, including agricultural roads, which prevented the entry of materials. This occurred after clashes erupted following the arrest of four young men by the GoS’s Criminal Security Branch in the town. The clashes resulted in injuries to a police officer and a number of civilians, prompting the GoS to send heavy military vehicles to protect the security complex in the town center. The town center is the center of the Syrian Army's Ninth Division as well as the operation center of the Lebanese-Hezbollah militia. -
The Localization of the Global Agendas How Local Action Is Transforming Territories and Communities
2019 The Localization of the Global Agendas How local action is transforming territories and communities Fifth Global Report on Decentralization and Local Democracy 2 GOLD V REPORT GOLD V REPORT —— XXXXXX 3 © 2019 UCLG The right of UCLG to be identified as author of the editorial material, and of the individual authors as authors of their contributions, has been asserted by them in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. United Cities and Local Governments Cités et Gouvernements Locaux Unis Ciudades y Gobiernos Locales Unidos Avinyó 15 08002 Barcelona www.uclg.org DISCLAIMERS The terms used concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries, or regarding its economic system or degree of development do not necessarily reflect the opinion of United Cities and Local Governments. The analysis, conclusions and recommendations of this report do not necessarily reflect the views of all the members of United Cities and Local Governments. This publication was produced with the financial support of the European Union. Its contents are the sole responsibility of UCLG and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Union. This document has been financed by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, Sida. -
Hadrian and the Greek East
HADRIAN AND THE GREEK EAST: IMPERIAL POLICY AND COMMUNICATION DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Demetrios Kritsotakis, B.A, M.A. * * * * * The Ohio State University 2008 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Professor Fritz Graf, Adviser Professor Tom Hawkins ____________________________ Professor Anthony Kaldellis Adviser Greek and Latin Graduate Program Copyright by Demetrios Kritsotakis 2008 ABSTRACT The Roman Emperor Hadrian pursued a policy of unification of the vast Empire. After his accession, he abandoned the expansionist policy of his predecessor Trajan and focused on securing the frontiers of the empire and on maintaining its stability. Of the utmost importance was the further integration and participation in his program of the peoples of the Greek East, especially of the Greek mainland and Asia Minor. Hadrian now invited them to become active members of the empire. By his lengthy travels and benefactions to the people of the region and by the creation of the Panhellenion, Hadrian attempted to create a second center of the Empire. Rome, in the West, was the first center; now a second one, in the East, would draw together the Greek people on both sides of the Aegean Sea. Thus he could accelerate the unification of the empire by focusing on its two most important elements, Romans and Greeks. Hadrian channeled his intentions in a number of ways, including the use of specific iconographical types on the coinage of his reign and religious language and themes in his interactions with the Greeks. In both cases it becomes evident that the Greeks not only understood his messages, but they also reacted in a positive way. -
Jordan – Palestinians – West Bank – Passports – Citizenship – Fatah
Refugee Review Tribunal AUSTRALIA RRT RESEARCH RESPONSE Research Response Number: JOR35401 Country: Jordan Date: 27 October 2009 Keywords: Jordan – Palestinians – West Bank – Passports – Citizenship – Fatah This response was prepared by the Research & Information Services Section of the Refugee Review Tribunal (RRT) after researching publicly accessible information currently available to the RRT within time constraints. This response is not, and does not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. This research response may not, under any circumstance, be cited in a decision or any other document. Anyone wishing to use this information may only cite the primary source material contained herein. Questions 1. Please provide background on the issue of Jordanian citizenship for persons of West Bank Palestinian descent. 2. What is the overall situation for Palestinian citizens of Jordan? 3. Have there been any crackdowns upon Fatah members over the last 15 years? 4. What kind of relationship exists between Fatah and the Jordanian authorities? RESPONSE 1. Please provide background on the issue of Jordanian citizenship for persons of West Bank Palestinian descent. Most Palestinians in Jordan hold a Jordanian passport of some type but the status accorded different categories of Palestinians in Jordan varies, as does the manner and terminology through which different sources classify and discuss Palestinians in Jordan. The webpage of the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) states that: “All Palestine refugees in Jordan have full Jordanian citizenship with the exception of about 120,000 refugees originally from the Gaza Strip, which up to 1967 was administered by Egypt”; the latter being “eligible for temporary Jordanian passports, which do not entitle them to full citizenship rights such as the right to vote and employment with the government”. -
Tribal 'Sulh' and the Politics of Persuasion in Volatile Southern Syria
Tribal ‘Sulh’ and the Politics of Persuasion in Volatile Southern Syria Abdullah Al-Jabassini and Mazen Ezzi Wartime and Post-Conflict in Syria (WPCS) Research Project Report 22 March 2021 2021/04 © European University Institute 2021 Content and individual chapters © Abdullah Al-Jabassini and Mazen Ezzi 2021 This work has been published by the European University Institute, Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies. This text may be downloaded only for personal research purposes. Additional reproduction for other purposes, whether in hard copies or electronically, requires the consent of the authors. If cited or quoted, reference should be made to the full name of the author(s), editor(s), the title, the year and the publisher. Requests should be addressed to [email protected]. Views expressed in this publication reflect the opinion of individual authors and not those of the European University Institute. Middle East Directions Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies Research Project Report RSCAS/Middle East Directions 2021/04 22 March 2021 European University Institute Badia Fiesolana I – 50014 San Domenico di Fiesole (FI) www.eui.eu/RSCAS/Publications/ cadmus.eui.eu Funded by the European Union Tribal ‘Sulh’ and the Politics of Persuasion in Volatile Southern Syria Abdullah Al-Jabassini* and Mazen Ezzi** * Abdullah Al-Jabassini holds a Ph.D. in International Relations from the University of Kent in Canterbury. He is a research fellow on the Wartime and Post-Conflict in Syria project in the Middle East Directions Programme at the European University Institute in Florence. He is also an associate fellow on the Striking for the Margins (SFM) project at the Central European University in Vienna and a non-resident scholar at the Middle East Institute in Washington D.C. -
ACOR Newsletter Vol. 12.2
ACOR Newsletter ^i ^ Vol. 12.2—Winter 2000 Qastal, 1998-2001 On a cold afternoon in early February 2000, Ra'ed Abu Ghazi, a management trainee for the Qastal Erin Addison Conservation and Development Project (QCDP), was walking home from the Umayyad qasr and mosque complex at Qastal (map, p. 9). In the lot between the ancient reservoir and his home, he stopped to speak to some neighbor children playing a game. Then a teapot overturned and the late afternoon sun re- flected off a blue-green, glassy surface. Ra'ed knelt to get a closer look and brushed gently at the loose earth. The area had recently been bulldozed, so the dirt was loose and only about five centimeters deep. As he washed the surface with tea water, a pattern of bril- liant glass tesserae was revealed. Ra'ed had made an exciting discovery at Qastal: a large structure from the late Umayyad period (A.D. 661-750), floored with what experts have called some of the most exquisite mosaics in Jordan (Figs. 1-3). The new structure is only the most recent development in two-and-a-half fascinating years at Qastal. Qastal al-Balqa' is men- tioned in the Diwan of Kuthayyir 'Azza (d. A.H. 105=A.o. 723): "God bless the houses of those living between Muwaqqar and Qastal al-Balqa', where the mihrabs are." Al- though there remain com- plex questions about this reference to "mihrabs" (maharib—apparently plural), the quote at least tells us that Qastal was well enough known to have served as a geo- graphical reference point before A.D. -
New “System” of Presentation of Umayyad Desert Castles in Jordan
Sub-theme C: Conserving and managing intangible heritage - methods Sous-thème C : Conservation et gestion du patrimoine immatériel - méthodes ________________________________________________________________________________________________ Section C2: Transmission, interpretation and tourism Session C2: Transmission, interprétation et tourisme ________________________________________________________________________________________________ NEW “SYSTEM” OF PRESENTATION OF UMAYYAD DESERT CASTLES IN JORDAN. INTEGRAL MUSEUM OF UMAYYAD CIVILIZATION Jamal ILAYAN*, Jordanie / Jordan INTRODUCTION Ancient civilizations erected structures outside the cities for different purposes. For example, in Syria These ancient castles were built as travel stations along Persians, Romans and their Arabic allies3 (Lakhmed in the road between the Umayyad capital, Damascus, in Iraq and Ghassanid in Syria) built agricultural houses4, Syria and the other district cities in Iraq and Arabia. The Khans, castles and control towers. Babylonians built interpretation of these castles will be based on the first Khan in Mesopotamia in the second century, understanding the reasons for their foundation, their with a square plan and a central portico. This typology typology, function, structure and the relationships influenced the general plan of Umayyad castles. We between them. At present these castles need a new system can identify the Byzantine influence in the technical for their presentation that reflects their present condition structure and in the adaptation of the typology (way while preserving and respecting their values and in which the space was used) of single apartments in significance. The new system offers to the public a clear the Umayyad castles. view of the integral aspects of the Umayyad civilization, which will help in the development of the program II. Interpretation of the system of ancient “Museum with No Frontiers” (MWNF)1. -
Jeffrey Eli Pearson
UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Contextualizing the Nabataeans: A Critical Reassessment of their History and Material Culture Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4dx9g1rj Author Pearson, Jeffrey Eli Publication Date 2011 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Contextualizing the Nabataeans: A Critical Reassessment of their History and Material Culture By Jeffrey Eli Pearson A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Ancient History and Mediterranean Archaeology in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in Charge: Erich Gruen, Chair Chris Hallett Andrew Stewart Benjamin Porter Spring 2011 Abstract Contextualizing the Nabataeans: A Critical Reassessment of their History and Material Culture by Jeffrey Eli Pearson Doctor of Philosophy in Ancient History and Mediterranean Archaeology University of California, Berkeley Erich Gruen, Chair The Nabataeans, best known today for the spectacular remains of their capital at Petra in southern Jordan, continue to defy easy characterization. Since they lack a surviving narrative history of their own, in approaching the Nabataeans one necessarily relies heavily upon the commentaries of outside observers, such as the Greeks, Romans, and Jews, as well as upon comparisons of Nabataean material culture with Classical and Near Eastern models. These approaches have elucidated much about this -
Architectural and Historical Development in Palestine
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 9, Issue 9, September 2018, pp. 1217–1233, Article ID: IJCIET_09_09_118 Available online at http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJCIET?Volume=9&Issue=9 ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316 © IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed ARCHITECTURAL AND HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT IN PALESTINE Mumen Abuarkub and Faiq M. S. Al-Zwainy Faculty of Engineering, Isra University, Amman, Jordan ABSTRACT This research paper gives a historic overview of the Palestnian architecture from the ancient times until today. The first chapter treats the ancient architecture. It introduces us to the first architectural findings on the territory of Palestine and the earliest Palestinian houses. We will see the differences of styles and buildings in prehistoric and ancient times from those built during Roma-Byzantine rule and later during ancient Greek-Roman influence. It is the time of the emergence and spread of Christianity, thus the period of building its temples - the churches. With the conquest of Palestine by the Arabs and islamization of the country the architecture suffers changes and is influenced by this new religion and new lifestile. Jerusalem becomes the beacon of islamic religion and culture. This period is the subject of the second chapter that gives us overview of the Palestinian architecture starting from Arabs installation in the 7th century and the crusaders wars, followed by the rule of Mamluk's dynasty. We finalize this period of influence in the Palestinian architecture with the rule of the Ottoman Empire. Despite the change of religions and cultures, churches and mosques are being constructed in each rule. -
Jordan Project Pipeline
Last update: 14 February 2019 Jordan Project Pipeline USAID readiness Investment size Investment size Project ID Project name Entity Source Description/notes assessment (Million JD) Median (Million JD) This list only marks the initial effort at compiling and evaluating projects; the process will be continued by the Project Facility Unit at the PPDF with close collaboration with governmental entities and Ministries. Energy Jordan Economic Growth Plan 2018-2022 In market but contracts PP1 Generation of electric power by direct burning of waste Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources 120-130 125.00 /Cabinet list of current projects have not been awarded Round 3 Renewable Expand the development of renewable energy projects for PP2 Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Jordan Economic Growth Plan 2018-2022 Energy Projects is in the 300.00 300.00 power generation (wind & solar) market The objective is to expand the Jordan Petroleum Refinery, since current production is not sufficient to meet the growing demand in the Jordanian market. The opportunity of converting the low value PP3 4th Expansion of Jordan Petroleum Refinery Company (JPRC) Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Jordan Economic Growth Plan 2018-2022 N/A 1,140.00 1,140.00 heavy fuel oil to more valuable products will allow the Refinery to cover most of the local demand, and this is the basis for the fourth expansion project of the Refinery. Use of 'energy storage through batteries' to reinforce the PP4 Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Jordan Economic Growth Plan 2018-2022 N/A 50.00 50.00 electrical grid and maintain its suitability. -
Constructing God's Community: Umayyad Religious Monumentation
Constructing God’s Community: Umayyad Religious Monumentation in Bilad al-Sham, 640-743 CE Nissim Lebovits Senior Honors Thesis in the Department of History Vanderbilt University 20 April 2020 Contents Maps 2 Note on Conventions 6 Acknowledgements 8 Chronology 9 Glossary 10 Introduction 12 Chapter One 21 Chapter Two 45 Chapter Three 74 Chapter Four 92 Conclusion 116 Figures 121 Works Cited 191 1 Maps Map 1: Bilad al-Sham, ca. 9th Century CE. “Map of Islamic Syria and its Provinces”, last modified 27 December 2013, accessed April 19, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilad_al-Sham#/media/File:Syria_in_the_9th_century.svg. 2 Map 2: Umayyad Bilad al-Sham, early 8th century CE. Khaled Yahya Blankinship, The End of the Jihad State: The Reign of Hisham Ibn ʿAbd al-Malik and the Collapse of the Umayyads (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1994), 240. 3 Map 3: The approximate borders of the eastern portion of the Umayyad caliphate, ca. 724 CE. Blankinship, The End of the Jihad State, 238. 4 Map 4: Ghassanid buildings and inscriptions in Bilad al-Sham prior to the Muslim conquest. Heinz Gaube, “The Syrian desert castles: some economic and political perspectives on their genesis,” trans. Goldbloom, in The Articulation of Early Islamic State Structures, ed. Fred Donner (Burlington: Ashgate Publishing Company, 2012) 352. 5 Note on Conventions Because this thesis addresses itself to a non-specialist audience, certain accommodations have been made. Dates are based on the Julian, rather than Islamic, calendar. All dates referenced are in the Common Era (CE) unless otherwise specified. Transliteration follows the system of the International Journal of Middle East Studies (IJMES), including the recommended exceptions. -
Download the Agro Katina Report
This Agro Katina report is the product of Friends of the Earth Malta’s research into the local vegetable and fruit supply chain and the agricultural sector in Malta. This research was conducted in the context of the Supply Cha!nge project, which strives to find solutions to the growing challenge of reducing environmental impacts and improving working conditions along the supply chain of supermarkets. The project was financed by the EU and the Ministry for Social Dialogue, Consumer Affairs, and Civil Liberties. Friends of the Earth Malta strongly believes in shorter supply chains, as these have a positive impact on local farmers, strengthen local economies and small business, and bring the public closer to their food sources. This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The contents of this document are the sole responsibility of the Supply Cha!nge project and can under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position of the European Union. Website : foemalta.org Email : [email protected] Facebook : facebook.com/foemalta Friends of the Earth Malta is a Maltese non-government organisation, member of an International network of NGOs, which strives to promote sustainable development and to ensure that human activities do not harm other living creatures. Friends of the Earth Malta engages in vibrant campaigns, raises awareness, and mobilises people to participate in public decision making. October 2017 Research & reporting : Suzanne Maas, Friends of the Earth Malta Data collection : Antoine Borg Micallef, Friends of the Earth Malta Photography : Lara Calleja Design : madebynoko.com Table of Contents SUMMARY 1.