Dictionary Atlas Encyclopedia Thesaurus

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Directions: Cut and sort under the correct reference source. Thesaurus Encyclopedia Atlas Dictionary Definition: a book of words Definition: a book listed in ABC order that Definition: a book or set of Definition: a book of maps containing synonyms and gives you definitions, part books giving information on antonyms of speech, and many subjects pronunciations I need another word for “nice” You are writing a report on Your friend doesn’t know what You are doing a research to make my paragraph more lions. Where would you look the word “gallop” means. What project on China. What source interesting. What source for more information? source should he use? should you use? would help me the most? Your mom is going to start a Before you use the word Dad is trying to find “Duck garden and she wants more “migration” in a sentence you You need an antonym for the Road” on a map. What source information about roses. want to know what part of word “hard.” What source would help him? What source should she look speech it is. What source would help you? in? would help you? Your grandpa wants to visit You are going to Sea World “Mechanicsville, Virginia” and You need a synonym for the You need a map of Dallas, and need more information on he wants to find out where it word “bad.” What source Texas. What source would “dolphins.” Where would you is located. What source would help you find a synonym? help you? look for this information? should he use? You are doing a report on Your mom doesn’t know how to Your friend is writing a letter Virginia and you need to find Your sister needs to find out pronounce the word and needs a synonym for the out where the “Blue Ridge how to spell a word. What “hibernation.” What source word “tall.” What source Mountains” are located. What source should she use? would be most helpful? should he use? is the best source to use? Created by Stephanie Joyner, Mechanicsville Elementary Follow the Path Game – Reference Sources Created by Carrie Sutton, Mechanicsville Elementary Reference Sources Path Supplies Needed: • One gameboard per pair. • One six-sided die. • Two game pieces, one for each player. • “Which source is best?” cards Directions: Player 1 chooses a card and reads it aloud. Player 1 must decide which reference source should be used in the scenario. He then moves to the next space on the board with that reference source listed. Player 2 checks for correctness. Player 2 repeats the same procedure. The game is over when one player reaches one of the final three boxes. Follow the Path Game – Reference Sources Created by Carrie Sutton, Mechanicsville Elementary START thesaurus dictionary atlas atlas atlas encyclopedia encyclopedia encyclopedia thesaurus thesaurus thesaurus atlas encyclopedia dictionary thesaurus END thesaurus atlas atlas dictionary dictionary encyclopedia thesaurus encyclopedia thesaurus atlas dictionary thesaurus encyclopedia dictionary atlas encyclopedia thesaurus dictionary dictionary .

Copy Link

Recommended publications

The Thesaurus Delineates the Standard Terminology Used to Index And
DOCUMENT RESUME EC 070 639 AUTHOR Oldsen, Carl F.; And Others TITLr Instructional Materials Thesaurus for Special Education, Second Edition. Special Education IMC/RMC Network. INSTITUTION Special Education IMC/RMC Network, Arlington, Va. SPONS AGENCY Bureau of Education for the Handicapped (DHEW/OE), Washington, D.C. PUB DATE Jul 74 NOTE 42p. EDRS PRICE MF-$0.76 HC-$1.95 PLUS POSTAGE DESCRIPTORS Exceptional Child Education; *Handicapped Children; *Information Retrieval; *Instructional Materials; Instructional Materials Centers; National Programs; *Reference Books; *Thesauri ABSTRACT The thesaurus delineates the standard terminology used to index and retrieve instructional materials for exceptional children in the Special Education Instructional Materials Center/Regional Media Centers Network. The thesaurus is presentedin three formats: an alphabetical listing (word by word rather than, letter by letter), a rotated index, and a listing by category.The alphabetical listing of descriptors provides definitions for all terms, and scope notes which indicate the scope or boundaries of the descriptor for selected terms. Numerous cross referencesare provided. In the rotated index format, all key words excluding prepositions and articles from single and multiword formlt, each descriptor has been placed in one or more of 19 categorical groupings. (GW) b4:1 R Special Education c. Network Instructional Materials Centers -7CEIMRegional Media Centers i$1s.\ INSTRUCTIONAL THESAURUS FOR SPECIAL EpucATIo SECOND EDITION July, 1974 Printed & Distributed by the CEC Information Center on Exceptional Children The Council for Exceptional Children 1920 Association Drive Reston, -Virginia 22091 Member of the Special Education IMC /RMC Network US Office of EducationBureau of Education for the Handicapped Special Education IMC/RMC Network Instructional Materials Thesaurus for Special Education Second Edition July,1974 Thesaurus Committee Joan Miller Virginia Woods Carl F.
[Show full text]
Thesaurus, Thesaural Relationships, Lexical Relations, Semantic Relations, Information Storage and Retrieval
International Journal of Information Science and Management The Study of Thesaural Relationships from a Semantic Point of View J. Mehrad, Ph.D. F. Ahmadinasab, Ph.D. President of Regional Information Center Regional Information Center for Science and Technology, I. R. of Iran for Science and Technology, I. R. of Iran email: [email protected] Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract Thesaurus is one, out of many, precious tool in information technology by which information specialists can optimize storage and retrieval of documents in scientific databases and on the web. In recent years, there has been a shift from thesaurus to ontology by downgrading thesaurus in favor of ontology. It is because thesaurus cannot meet the needs of information management because it cannot create a rich knowledge-based description of documents. It is claimed that the thesaural relationships are restricted and insufficient. The writers in this paper show that thesaural relationships are not inadequate and restricted as they are said to be but quite the opposite they cover all semantic relations and can increase the possibility of successful storage and retrieval of documents. This study shows that thesauri are semantically optimal and they cover all lexical relations; therefore, thesauri can continue as suitable tools for knowledge management. Keywords : Thesaurus, Thesaural Relationships, Lexical Relations, Semantic Relations, Information Storage and Retrieval. Introduction In the era of information explosion with the emergence of computers and internet and their important role in the storage and retrieval of information, every researcher has to do her/his scientific queries through scientific databases or the web. There are two common ways of query, one is free search which is done by keywords and the other is applying controlled vocabularies.
[Show full text]
Using Historical Editions of Encyclopaedia Britannica to Track the Evolution of Reputations
Catching the Red Priest: Using Historical Editions of Encyclopaedia Britannica to Track the Evolution of Reputations Yen-Fu Luo†, Anna Rumshisky†, Mikhail Gronas∗ †Dept. of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA ∗Dept. of Russian, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA yluo,arum @cs.uml.edu, [email protected] { } Abstract mention statistics from books written at different historical periods. Google Ngram Viewer is a tool In this paper, we investigate the feasibil- that plots occurrence statistics using Google Books, ity of using the chronology of changes in the largest online repository of digitized books. But historical editions of Encyclopaedia Britan- while Google Books in its entirety certainly has nica (EB) to track the changes in the land- quantity, it lacks structure. However, the history scape of cultural knowledge, and specif- of knowledge (or culture) is, to a large extent, the ically, the rise and fall in reputations of history of structures: hierarchies, taxonomies, do- historical figures. We describe the data- mains, subdomains. processing pipeline we developed in order to identify the matching articles about his- In the present project, our goal was to focus on torical figures in Wikipedia, the current sources that endeavor to capture such structures. electronic edition of Encyclopaedia Britan- One such source is particularly fitting for the task; nica (edition 15), and several digitized his- and it has been in existence at least for the last torical editions, namely, editions 3, 9, 11. three centuries, in the form of changing editions of We evaluate our results on the tasks of arti- authoritative encyclopedias, and specifically, Ency- cle segmentation and cross-edition match- clopaedia Britannica.
[Show full text]
Transformation of Participation in a Collaborative Online Encyclopedia Susan L
Becoming Wikipedian: Transformation of Participation in a Collaborative Online Encyclopedia Susan L. Bryant, Andrea Forte, Amy Bruckman College of Computing/GVU Center, Georgia Institute of Technology 85 5th Street, Atlanta, GA, 30332 [email protected]; {aforte, asb}@cc.gatech.edu ABSTRACT New forms of computer-supported cooperative work have sprung Traditional activities change in surprising ways when computer- from the World Wide Web faster than researchers can hope to mediated communication becomes a component of the activity document, let alone understand. In fact, the organic, emergent system. In this descriptive study, we leverage two perspectives on nature of Web-based community projects suggests that people are social activity to understand the experiences of individuals who leveraging Web technologies in ways that largely satisfy the became active collaborators in Wikipedia, a prolific, social demands of working with geographically distant cooperatively-authored online encyclopedia. Legitimate collaborators. In order to better understand this phenomenon, we peripheral participation provides a lens for understanding examine how several active collaborators became members of the participation in a community as an adaptable process that evolves extraordinarily productive and astonishingly successful over time. We use ideas from activity theory as a framework to community of Wikipedia. describe our results. Finally, we describe how activity on the In this introductory section, we describe the Wikipedia and related Wikipedia stands in striking contrast to traditional publishing and research, as well as two perspectives on social activity: activity suggests a new paradigm for collaborative systems. theory (AT) and legitimate peripheral participation (LPP). Next, we describe our study and how ideas borrowed from activity Categories and Subject Descriptors theory helped us investigate the ways that participation in the J.7 [Computer Applications]: Computers in Other Systems – Wikipedia community is transformed along multiple dimensions publishing.
[Show full text]
Are Encyclopedias Dead? Evaluating the Usefulness of a Traditional Reference Resource Rachel S
St. Cloud State University theRepository at St. Cloud State Library Faculty Publications Library Services 2012 Are Encyclopedias Dead? Evaluating the Usefulness of a Traditional Reference Resource Rachel S. Wexelbaum St. Cloud State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.stcloudstate.edu/lrs_facpubs Part of the Library and Information Science Commons Recommended Citation Wexelbaum, Rachel S., "Are Encyclopedias Dead? Evaluating the Usefulness of a Traditional Reference Resource" (2012). Library Faculty Publications. 26. https://repository.stcloudstate.edu/lrs_facpubs/26 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Library Services at theRepository at St. Cloud State. It has been accepted for inclusion in Library Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of theRepository at St. Cloud State. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Are Encyclopedias Dead? Evaluating the Usefulness of a Traditional Reference Resource Author Rachel Wexelbaum is Collection Management Librarian and Assistant Professor at Saint Cloud State University, Saint Cloud, Minnesota. Contact Details Rachel Wexelbaum Collection Management Librarian MC135D Collections Saint Cloud State University 720 4 th Avenue South Saint Cloud, MN 56301 Email: [email protected] Abstract Purpose – To examine past, current, and future usage of encyclopedias. Design/methodology/approach – Review the history of encyclopedias, their composition, and usage by focusing on select publications covering different subject areas. Findings – Due to their static nature, traditionally published encyclopedias are not always accurate, objective information resources. Intentions of editors and authors also come into question. A researcher may find more value in using encyclopedias as historical documents rather than resources for quick facts.
[Show full text]
DICTIONARY of the HISTORY of SCIENCE Subject Editors
DICTIONARY OF THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE Subject Editors Astronomy Michael A. Hoskin, Churchill College, Cambridge. Biology Richard W. Burkhardt, Jr, Department of History, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Chemistry William H. Brock, Victorian Studies Centre, University of Leicester. Earth sciences Roy Porter, W ellcome Institute for the History of Medicine, London. Historiography Steven Shapin, & sociology Science Studies Unit, of science University of Edinburgh. Human Roger Smith, sciences Department of History, University of Lancaster. Mathematics Eric J. Aiton, Mathematics Faculty, Manchester Polytechnic. Medicine William F. Bynum, W ellcome Institute for the History of Medicine, London. Philosophy Roy Bhaskar, of science School of Social Sciences, University of Sussex. Physics John L. Heilbron, Office for History of Science & Technology, University of California, Berkeley. DICTIONARY OF THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE edited by W.EBynum E.J.Browne Roy Porter M © The Macmillan Press Ltd 1981 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1981 978-0-333-29316-4 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without permission. First published 1981 by THE MACMILLAN PRESS LTD London and Basingstoke Associated Companies throughout the world. ISBN 978-1-349-05551-7 ISBN 978-1-349-05549-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-05549-4 Typeset by Computacomp (UK) Ltd, Fort William, Scotland Macmillan Consultant Editor Klaus Boehm Contents Introduction vii Acknowledgements viii Contributors X Analytical table of contents xiii Bibliography xxiii Abbreviations xxxiv Dictionary Bibliographical index 452 Introduction How is the historical dimension of science relevant to understanding its place in our lives? It is widely agreed that our present attitudes and ideas about religion, art, or morals are oriented the way they are, and thus related to other beliefs, because of their history.
[Show full text]
Download Article
Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), volume 312 International Conference "Topical Problems of Philology and Didactics: Interdisciplinary Approach in Humanities and Social Sciences" (TPHD 2018) On Some Basic Methods of Analysis of Content and Structure of Lexical-Semantic Fields Alexander Zhouravlev Victoria Dobrova Department of Foreign Languages Department of Foreign Languages Samara State Technical University Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia Samara, Russia [email protected] [email protected] Lilia Nurtdinova Department of Foreign Languages Samara State Technical University Samara, Russia [email protected] Abstract—In the paper, two basic methods of analysis of the meaning of lexical units and a general structure of lexical- II. COMPONENTIAL ANALYSIS semantic fields are considered. The main subject is to understand the essence of the componential analysis method and the field A. Introduction of the method approach. The analysis of their definitions provided by various One can hardly overestimate the importance of the researchers, their main terms and notions, as well as prospects of componential analysis method for semantics research. In I. these methods are presented. The methodology of the research is Kobozeva’s opinion, a “method of componential analysis is the analysis of various types of scientific papers dealing with one of basic methods for description of lexical meaning” [1]. history, theoretical basis and practical application of the One of the reasons for this is that a meaning as a collection of componential analysis method and the field approach. The authors also present the evolution of the point of view on the role semes possesses a certain hierarchy instead of being an of these methods in the study of the meaning of lexical items, unorganized array.
[Show full text]
Georgia Performance Standards K-3 ELA Kindergarten 1St Grade 2Nd Grade 3Rd Grade
Georgia Performance Standards K-3 ELA Kindergarten 1st Grade 2nd Grade 3rd Grade Reading CONCEPTS OF PRINT CONCEPTS OF PRINT ELAKR1 The student demonstrates ELA1R1 The student demonstrates knowledge of concepts of print. knowledge of concepts of print. The student The student a. Recognizes that print and a. Understands that there are pictures (signs and labels, correct spellings for words. newspapers, and informational books) can inform, entertain, and b. Identifies the beginning and end persuade. of a paragraph. b. Demonstrates that print has c. Demonstrates an understanding meaning and represents spoken that punctuation and capitalization language in written form. are used in all written sentences. c. Tracks text read from left to right and top to bottom. d. Distinguishes among written letters, words, and sentences. e. Recognizes that sentences in print are made up of separate words. f. Begins to understand that punctuation and capitalization are used in all written sentences. PHONOLOGICAL AWARENESS PHONOLOGICAL AWARENESS ELAKR2 The student demonstrates ELA1R2 The student demonstrates the ability to identify and orally the ability to identify and orally manipulate words and manipulate words and individual sounds within those individual sounds within those spoken words. The student spoken words. The student a. Identifies and produces rhyming a. Isolates beginning, middle, and words in response to an oral ending sounds in single-syllable prompt and distinguishes rhyming words. and non-rhyming words. Page 1 of 11 Georgia Performance Standards K-3 ELA Kindergarten 1st Grade 2nd Grade 3rd Grade b. Identifies onsets and rhymes in b. Identifies component sounds spoken one-syllable words. (phonemes and combinations of phonemes) in spoken words.
[Show full text]
Introduction to Wordnet: an On-Line Lexical Database
Introduction to WordNet: An On-line Lexical Database George A. Miller, Richard Beckwith, Christiane Fellbaum, Derek Gross, and Katherine Miller (Revised August 1993) WordNet is an on-line lexical reference system whose design is inspired by current psycholinguistic theories of human lexical memory. English nouns, verbs, and adjectives are organized into synonym sets, each representing one underlying lexical concept. Different relations link the synonym sets. Standard alphabetical procedures for organizing lexical information put together words that are spelled alike and scatter words with similar or related meanings haphazardly through the list. Unfortunately, there is no obvious alternative, no other simple way for lexicographers to keep track of what has been done or for readers to ®nd the word they are looking for. But a frequent objection to this solution is that ®nding things on an alphabetical list can be tedious and time-consuming. Many people who would like to refer to a dictionary decide not to bother with it because ®nding the information would interrupt their work and break their train of thought. In this age of computers, however, there is an answer to that complaint. One obvious reason to resort to on-line dictionariesÐlexical databases that can be read by computersÐis that computers can search such alphabetical lists much faster than people can. A dictionary entry can be available as soon as the target word is selected or typed into the keyboard. Moreover, since dictionaries are printed from tapes that are read by computers, it is a relatively simple matter to convert those tapes into the appropriate kind of lexical database.
[Show full text]
Semantic Typology and Efficient Communication
To appear in the Annual Review of Linguistics. Semantic typology and efficient communication Charles Kemp∗1, Yang Xu2, and Terry Regier∗3 1Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, 15213 2 Department of Computer Science, Cognitive Science Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada 3 Department of Linguistics, Cognitive Science Program, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA, 94707; email: [email protected] Abstract Cross-linguistic work on domains including kinship, color, folk biology, number, and spatial rela- tions has documented the different ways in which languages carve up the world into named categories. Although word meanings vary widely across languages, unrelated languages often have words with sim- ilar or identical meanings, and many logically possible meanings are never observed. We review work suggesting that this pattern of constrained variation is explained in part by the need for words to sup- port efficient communication. This work includes several recent studies that have formalized efficient communication in computational terms, and a larger set of studies, both classic and recent, that do not explicitly appeal to efficient communication but are nevertheless consistent with this notion. The effi- cient communication framework has implications for the relationship between language and culture and for theories of language change, and we draw out some of these connections. Keywords: lexicon, word meaning, categorization, culture, cognitive anthropology, information theory 1 INTRODUCTION The study of word meanings across languages has traditionally served as an arena for exploring the inter- play of language, culture, and cognition, and as a bridge between linguistics and neighboring disciplines such as anthropology and psychology.
[Show full text]
Perceived Credibility of Internet Encyclopedias
Computers & Education 56 (2011) 659–667 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Computers & Education journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/compedu Perceived credibility of Internet encyclopedias Ida Kubiszewski a,*, Thomas Noordewier b,c, Robert Costanza a a Institute for Sustainable Solutions, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA b Gund Institute for Ecological Economics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA c School of Business Administration, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA article info abstract Article history: A vast amount of information is now available online, produced by a variety of sources with a range of Received 30 April 2010 editorial oversight procedures. These range from very centralized information with multiple layers of Received in revised form review, to no oversight at all. Determining which information is credible can pose a real challenge. An 9 October 2010 experiment was designed to determine whether certain webpage characteristics affect academics’ and Accepted 11 October 2010 students’ perception of the credibility of information presented in an online article. The experiment looked at five peripheral cues: (1) presence or absence of an identifiable author, (2) presence or absence Keywords: of references, (3) presence or absence of a biased sponsor, (4) presence or absence of an award, and (5) Internet encyclopedia Survey whether the article is designated as appearing in Encyclopedia Britannica, Wikipedia, or Encyclopedia of Perceived credibility Earth. The results indicate that compared to Encyclopedia Britannica, article information appearing in Likelihood model both Encyclopedia of Earth and Wikipedia is perceived as significantly less credible. They also show that Experiment the presence of a biased sponsor has a significant negative effect on perceived credibility.
[Show full text]
The Evolution of Renaissance Classicism
The Evolution of Renaissance Classicism From "World History Encyclopedia" Copyright 2011 by ABC-CLIO,LLC The term "Renaissance classicism" refers to a fundamental attribute of the period that scholars refer to as the European Renaissance, roughly 1400–1600. Renaissance classicism was an intellectual movement that sought to mimic the literature, rhetoric, art, and philosophy of the ancient world, specifically ancient Rome. Scholars, politicians, and philosophers looked to ancient literary and artistic models for inspiration, and in turn this love of the classical world is termed classicism. The interest in the classical world was not new in the fifteenth century. In fact, there were powerful classicist themes in medieval Europe’s scholarship, law, and art. However, when eighteenth- and nineteenth- century scholars sought to find the origins of their modern secular worldview, instead of pointing to the medieval classicists they pointed to the Italian (and other) classicists of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Most notable among these modern scholars was the historian Jacob Burckhardt (1818–1897). Burckhardt claimed that the model of ancient Rome sparked a more secular individualistic society in Renaissance Italy. Burckhardt’s rosy view of the Renaissance generally ignored the importance of religion, the horrors of incessant warfare, and the agonies of daily life during the period. Nevertheless, his research did point to the importance of classicism in the intellectual life of the Renaissance, a point on which later scholars elaborated. > ELEGANCES OF THE LATIN LANGUAGE Lorenzo Valla’s (1407–1457) Elegances of the Latin Language (1444) is a paean to the ancient Roman orators. In this section, Valla castigates the medieval period for what he believes to be a lack of learning and an ignorance of the classical world.
[Show full text]