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Factors Influencing Farmer Adoption of Improved Poultry Production Practices in Ahiazu Mbaise Local Government Area of Lmo State, Nigeria

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Factors Influencing Farmer Adoption of Improved Poultry Production Practices in Ahiazu Mbaise Local Government Area of Lmo State, Nigeria International Journal of Research in Agriculture and Forestry Volume 7, Issue 9, 2020, PP 14-21 ISSN 2394-5907 (Print) & ISSN 2394-5915 (Online) Factors Influencing Farmer Adoption of Improved Poultry Production Practices in Ahiazu Mbaise Local Government Area of lmo State, Nigeria C.O. Osuagwu1, Anosike, C2*, Ahaotu, E. O2and Oko, E.C3 1Department of Agricultural Extension and Management Technology, Imo State Polytechnic Umuagwo, Nigeria. 2Department of Animal Production Technology, Imo State Polytechnic Umuagwo, Nigeria 3Department of Agricultural Technology, AkanuIbiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana Afikpo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. *Corresponding Author: Anosike, C, Department of Animal Production Technology, Imo State Polytechnic Umuagwo, Nigeria. ABSTRACT The study was conducted to determine the awareness and knowledge of poultry production techniques of farmers in Ahiazu Mbaise Local Government Area, Imo State. A purposive sampling procedure was used to select 85 poultry farmers who were interviewed for the study. Findings revealed that majority of the poultry farmers were males within the age bracket of 30 – 39 years. Majority of the farmers did not belong to any poultry association (65.1%), and (69.9%) of them preferred the keeping of layers than any class of poultry production. Poultry farmers showed a high level of awareness of the production techniques on improved and automatic housing (85.1%), feeds and feeding (88%) and daily routine operation (80.7%). However, their awareness of diseases and parasites (13.3%) and marketing strategies (14.5%) was very low. Farmers were of the opinion that radio (92.7%) and Television (90.3%) were the main source of their awareness on poultry production techniques. Also, inadequate capital (83.2%) and high cost of feeds (86.8%) were the most severe constraints encountered by the farmers in their operation. Keywords: Farmer Adoption, Improved Poultry Production, Marketing Strategies, Diseases and Parasites. INTRODUCTION challenges and thus, hinder the poultry business. This culminates to low production and The Nigerian poultry industry is less capitalized subsequently reduced income which frustrates and it is based on small holdings owned by the the business venture and sometimes lead to peasant farmers (Anosike, 2019). Birds usually financial bankruptcy. Technical proficiency perform at a low level and hence, production usually account for most crises experienced in cost is higher and consequently selling prices of poultry production. Therefore, there is the need poultry products are higher beyond the reach of for a diagnosis in the area of poultry production average Nigerians (Ogba et al., 2020 and technique by the commercial poultry farmers Ahaotu et al., 2020 a). Thus, per capital and thus identity deficiencies and solutions to consumption of poultry products is lower in them if the poultry enterprise is to be profitable most tropical countries, thereby giving rise to and maintained. protein deficiency factors in food in these countries since feed cost represent over70% of Cross- breeding promises to improve the total cost of poultry production, reduction in productivity of local chicken by increasing egg feed cost is expected to reduce production cost production and size of chickens. Educational and hence lower the prices of poultry products programmes using the existing genome is within the range that an average Nigerian can potentially useful in developing the already afford there by increasing the per capital present chickens in the area. Combined inputs consumption of the products(Ahaotu and Lawal, and crossbreeding will have high potential for 2018; Okonkwo and Ahaotu, 2019). adoption and quick improvement. Diseases and parasites, mortality, high cost of For Nigeria to attain rapid economic growth and fixed inputs reported by Olu-Igbanibo and development there is the need for attention to be Ahaotu, (2019), give poultry farmers’ serious paid to all sectors of agriculture. There is the International Journal of Research in Agriculture and Forestry V7 ● I9 ● 2020 14 Factors Influencing Farmer Adoption of Improved Poultry Production Practices in Ahiazu Mbaise Local Government Area of lmo State, Nigeria need for significant improvements in the with Igbo and English as the commonly spoken livestock industry and poultry in particular. languages. Events of the past decades indicate that the Mbaise is a regional area located in Owerri demand and supply gap for animal protein Zonal Area of Imo State, southeastern Nigeria. intake is so high (Aboki et al., 2013, Esiobu et The three Local Government Areas in Mbaise al., 2014 and Ohajianya et al., 2013).Poultry are made up of about 404 km²; Aboh-Mbaise farmers, like other producers in the agricultural (185 km²), Ahiazu Mbaise (111 km²) and sector are rational, thus, they would increase Ezinihitte Mbaise (108 km²). Ahiazu Mbaise is a their supply if they are sure of making higher Local Government Area of Imo State, Nigeria. It profit ceteris paribus (Adetayo et al., 2013 and is as a result of a merger between Ahiara and Ahaotu et al., 2020 b).Higher profit thus ensures Ekwerazu. Its headquarters are in the town of the sustainability of the industry. Poultry Afor-Oru. Ahiara is a city in Mbaise, Imo State, business, like any other farming involves a lot of Nigeria. The people are respected for their risks and uncertainties. To circumvent these, ingenuity and diplomacy. The city stands about poultry farmers try out several production 16 miles between Owerri and Umuahia. Ahiazu methods in a bid to irk out reasonable earnings. Mbaise is a local government area in Imo State Much research has been conducted to find with administrative headquarters in Afor Oru. solutions for improving productivity in Ahiazu Mbaise local government area falls within agriculture especially local chicken production, the eastern senatorial district of Imo State but those farmers who are expected to be the otherwise known as Imo East Senatorial Zone end users utilize very few research results. The alongside Aboh Mbaise, Ezinihitte Mbaise, important element of any innovation is the Ikeduru, Mbaitoli, Ngor Okpala, Owerri appropriate adoption of such technology. Municipal, Owerri North and Owerri West local However, despite different innovations which government areas. Ahiazu Mbaise local have been generated in various parts of Nigeria, government area also forms a federal constituency little or no research has been done to assess alongside Ezinihitte Mbaise local government adoption and subsequent impact of these area. interventions. This study was therefore designed Christianity and traditional religion are the to evaluate the adoption and impact of local widely practiced religions in Ahiazu Mbaise. chicken recommended production practices, Ahiazu Mbaise local government area is also constrains to adoption of recommended known to have a very rich cultural heritage with practices and household income from local a number of festivals such as the Iri ji Mbaise chicken. Results obtained will provide festival, the Iwa-akwa festival, and the Eyiri-eyi suggestions and recommendations for the proper festival held periodically within the area. and sustainable intervention approach to be conducted to improve local chicken production. The major occupation of the peoples is farming, Constraints to adoption need to be identified to where by the major crops grown are fruits and help intervention providers to select the most vegetables. Also, many of the people in the local appropriate approach for local chicken government are involved in livestock production production improvement. like poultry and fishery. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ahiazu Mbaise Local Government will be specifically selected for this study because of its Location of the Study contribution to the Poultry Industry in Nigeria The study was conducted in Ahiazu Mbaise and high concentration of poultry farmers within Local Government Area of Imo State, Nigeria. the area. The local government houses big The GPS-coordinates of Ahiazu Mbaise are: 5° poultry farms among others. Also, the climate of 32' 55.259" N 7° 16' 8.364" E. Ahiazu Mbaise this area has been adjudged to be the most local government area is found in Imo state, suitable for poultry production in the south – Southeast Nigeria. With its headquarters at Afor western Geo – political zone of Nigeria. - Oru, Ahiazu Mbaise LGA consists of several Through the assistance of the extension agents towns and villages which include Akabor, Ogbe, working in the local government area, the Obodo-Ujichi, Ihitte Afor, Oru Ahiara, and random sampling technique will be used to Opara Nadim. The Igbo ethnic groups are the select eighty (85) medium and small-scale dominant tribal affiliation in Ahiazu Mbaise poultry farmers from the five (5) autonomous communities in the study area. These will be 15 International Journal of Research in Agriculture and Forestry V7 ● I9 ● 2020 Factors Influencing Farmer Adoption of Improved Poultry Production Practices in Ahiazu Mbaise Local Government Area of lmo State, Nigeria Ogbe, Umumbiri, Umu-Okirika, Amano Obohia A structured questionnaire will be used for and Otulu respondents for the study. These collecting the data on the objectives of the autonomous communities will be purposively study. Data collected will be analyzed with the selected for the study because of the high use of descriptive statistics like frequency concentration of poultry farmers in the area. counts, and percentages. Data Collection Fig1. Map showing the twenty-Seven Local Government Areas of Imo State, Nigeria RESULTS AND DISCUSSION through various forms of education they acquired during schooling. Personal Characteristics of Respondents The results further showed that 48.2% of the The personal characteristics examined include respondents have family size of 1 – 4 that help age, gender, marital status, level of education them on their poultry farms. Only a few 3.6% and family size of the respondents (Table 1). have a family size of 7 and above. The results The results revealed that majority were within also showed that majority of the poultry the age range of 30 – 39 years, 66.3% were male farmers65.1% did not belong to any poultry while 84.3% of them were well educated.
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