Regional Environmental Accounts Denmark 2003
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Regional Environmental Accounts Denmark 2003 Peter Rørmose Jensen Thomas Olsen This report has benefited from funding by the European Commission, GD Environment, by means to the grant agreement no. 200471401007, action 3 for the study entitled "Environmental Statistics and Accounts – Regional Environmental Accounts”. Regional environmental accounts Denmark 2003 Statistics Denmark December 2005 Contact information: Peter Rørmose Jensen Head of section National Accounts - Environmental Accounts and Input-Output Statistics Denmark Sejrogade 11 DK-2100 Phone: +45 3917 3917 Direct: +45 3917 3862 E-mail: [email protected] Thomas Olsen Head of section National Accounts - Environmental Accounts and Input-Output Statistics Denmark Sejrogade 11 DK-2100 Phone: +45 3917 3917 Direct: +45 3917 3828 E-mail: [email protected] Table of contents 1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................... 2 1.1 Regions in Denmark............................................................................................................. 2 2 REGIONAL ENERGY ACCOUNTS........................................................................................... 5 2.1 Data sources for energy accounts ......................................................................................... 7 2.1.1 Census on the use of energy in manufacturing industries ..........................................................8 2.1.2 Census on energy producers...................................................................................................10 2.1.3 Survey on the use of energy in trade and service .....................................................................10 2.1.4 Regional Economic Statistics..................................................................................................11 2.1.5 Data about regional distribution of energy consumption in households ...................................12 2.2 Method for energy accounts ............................................................................................... 12 2.2.1 Agriculture and Fishing etc. (industries 1-5)...........................................................................13 2.2.2 Extraction of crude oil and gas (industries 6)..........................................................................13 2.2.3 Manufacturing industries (industries 7-62) ............................................................................13 2.2.4 Energy supply industries (industries 63-65)............................................................................15 2.2.5 Trade and service industries (industries 66-130) ....................................................................16 2.2.6 Households (industries 131 – 135).........................................................................................17 2.3 Results for energy accounts................................................................................................ 18 2.3.1 Industries ..............................................................................................................................18 2.3.2 Households............................................................................................................................19 2.4 Summary and conclusions about energy accounts.............................................................. 22 3 REGIONAL AIR EMISSIONS ACCOUNTS ............................................................................. 23 3.1 Method for air emissions.................................................................................................... 23 3.2 Results for air emissions..................................................................................................... 24 3.3 Summary and conclusions for air emissions....................................................................... 26 4 REGIONAL WATER ACCOUNTS .......................................................................................... 27 4.1 Data sources for water accounts......................................................................................... 27 4.2 Method for water accounts................................................................................................. 29 4.2.1 Extraction of water by industry and by region.........................................................................29 4.2.1.1 Extraction of ground water .................................................................................................29 4.2.1.2 Extraction of surface water .................................................................................................30 4.2.2 Use of water by industry and by region ...................................................................................30 4.2.2.1 The VAT-paying companies’ use of tap water.......................................................................31 4.2.2.2 The entities’ not paying VAT use of tap water.......................................................................31 4.2.2.3 Balancing the use of tap water ............................................................................................32 4.2.2.4 Use of water extracted for own use......................................................................................32 4.3 Results for water accounts ................................................................................................. 32 4.4 Summary and conclusions: Regional water accounts ......................................................... 39 5 REFERENCES ..................................................................................................................... 40 6 APPENDIX .......................................................................................................................... 41 1 1 Introduction A system of national environmental accounts has been established in Denmark, and quite comprehensive statistics are published on an annual basis. The statistics comprise water accounts, energy accounts, air emission accounts, oil and gas balances, environmental taxes and forest accounts as major parts. New parts are gradually being added to the system, but a demand for a regionalized version of the accounts has already now been revealed. This requirement is obvious in the light of the regional or local nature connected with many environmental issues. Regional statistics not So the purpose of this project is to investigate the possibilities for establishing readily available regional environmental accounts in Denmark.1 It is clear from the beginning that far from all of the statistics collected at a national level are readily available at the regional level. At least not in a form that is coherent with the national environmental accounts. Consequently, the job is to find out on the one hand, what statistics actually do exist at the regional level and how they compare to the national data, and on the other hand, some methods for regionalizing existing national data in a proper way. The demarcation of what to include in the regionalization process is determined by the contents of the national environmental accounts in Denmark. We concentrate on energy and its related emissions and water accounts. Other environmental statistics are available at the county level but they will not be looked at in this project since we do not have them in the national environmental accounts. Since the national environmental accounts are build as a true satellite account to the Danish National Accounts they contain the same 130 industries as the National Accounts. In appendix 1, a list of the 130 industries is presented. But in addition to the 130 industries, 5 rows of household use of the 40 energy carriers are included. Although, the energy balances at the national level are fully balanced with regard to production, exports and imports of energy, we have decided to concentrate on the domestic use of energy only. There is no meaningful statistical coverage of the flows of energy between regions. Moreover, the exports of energy (electricity) come from a pool common to the producers of it, and there is no way to ascribe deliveries of electricity to certain producers. 1.1 Regions in Denmark 16 or 14 counties? Denmark is divided into 13 counties and 271 local authorities. In some situations, 3 of the largest local authorities, namely Copenhagen, Frederiksberg and Bornholm are treated as counties as well. In this report, we operate with 16 counties as far as it is possible. Thus, in the section on energy, we have data on the 16 counties level, but unfortunately in the section on water we need to aggregate Copenhagen and Frederiksberg Municipalities with Copenhagen County and therefore only operate with 14 counties. Public responsibilities There is a fine-meshed administrative infrastructure. Official public duties are divided between the state, counties and local authorities. The state is responsible for the usual governmental activities, such as defence, police, the universities and the juridical system. The counties are responsible for the hospitals, the secondary schools, certain environmental activities and public transportation, while the local authorities or municipalities are responsible for the primary schools and the social activities, such as care for the elderly. 1 This report has benefited from funding by the European Commission, GD Environment, by means to the grant agreement no. 200471401007, action 3 for the study entitled "Environmental Statistics and Accounts – Regional Environmental