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Vol. 1, No. 2 September 2011 ‘Research for Peace and Development’ SAVAP International Academic Research International Vol. 1, No. 2 September 2011 SAVAP International Bright Home, Lodhran City - 59320, PAKISTAN. URL: http:// www.journals.savap.org.pk ISSN-L: 2223-9553 ACADEMIC RESEARCH ISSN: 2223-9944 Print ISSN: 2223: 9952 CD INTERNATIONAL Academic Research International is open access journal. Any part of this journal may be reprinted or reproduced for academic and Vol. 1, No. 2, September 2011 research purpose only. EDITORIAL TEAM EDITORIAL BOARD Prof. Dr. T. F. "Tim" McLaughlin, Prof. Dr. Muhammad Aslam Adeeb, Editor: Gonzaga University, WA, USA. The Islamia University of Bhawalpur, Muhammad Ashraf Malik PAKISTAN. Prof. Dr. Hong Lin, Chairman, SAVAP International University of Houston-Downtown, Professor Dr. Ugur DEMIRAY, Houston, Texas, USA. Anadolu University, TURKEY. Associate Editor : Prof. Dr. Noraini Binti Idris, Prof. Dr. Chris Atkin, Prof. Hafiz Habib Ahmed University of Malaya, MALAYSIA. Liverpool Hope University, UK. Assistant Editors : Prof. Dr. Ghulam Shabir, Prof. Dr. Ken Kawan Soetato, Mian Muhammad Furqan The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Waseda University, Tokyo, JAPAN. PAKISTAN. Rana Muhammad Dilshad Prof. Dr. Sinan Olkun, Prof. Dr Azman Bin Che Mat, Ankra University, TURKEY. Muhammad Rafiq Khwaja Universiti Teknologi Mara, MALAYSIA. Prof. Dr.Tahir Abbas, Hameedullah B. Z. University, Multan, PAKISTAN. Khawaja Shahid Mehmood Prof. Dr. Ata ATUN, Near East University, Prof. Dr. Rosnani Hashim, Salman Ali Khan NORTH CYPRUS. International Islamic University Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA. Malik Azhar Hussain Prof. Dr. Kyung-Sung Kim, Seoul National University of Prof. Dr. Alireza Jalilifar, Muhammad Akbar Education, SOUTH KOREA. Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, IRAN. Ms. Rafia Sultana Prof. Dr. Reena George, Karmela Rani Training College, Prof. Dr. Osamu Aoki, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Kerala, INDIA. Indexed by: JAPAN. Dr. Abdullatif I. AL-Hussein, Ulrichs' Web, USA, Index Copernicus AL-Imam Mohamed Ibn Saud Islamic Prof. Dr. Badar Alam Iqbal International, SCIRUS (Eelsevier), University, SAUDI ARABIA. Aligarh Muslim University, INDIA EBSCOHost Research Database Dr. Pang I. Wah, /Electronic Journal Services, Research Dr.Huda Aldulaijan, King Faisal University, SAUDI The Hong Kong Instuitute of Gate Germany, Open J-Gate, Directory of Education, HONG KONG. Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Die ARABIA. Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek Dr. T. Tammy Orunaboka, Dr. Naoko Suzuki, (ZDB), Germany, ourGlocal Academic University of Tokushima, JAPAN. Resources Japan, Google Scholar University of Port Harcourt, NIGERIA. Dr. Fariba Tadayon, Dr. Sorinel C ĂPU ŞNEANU, Note: Views expressed in the articles of Artifex University Bucharest, Islamic Azad University , IRAN. this journal are of authors and do not ROMANIA. Dr. Lutfi Oksuz, reflect the views of the "Academic Md. Haider Ali Biswas, Director, Turkish Standards Institution, Research International" Konya, TURKEY. Khulna University, BANGLADESH, Subscripition : Dr. Arab Naz, Dr. Muhammad Saeed, 30 USD Per Copy University of the Punjab, PAKISTAN. University of Malakand, PAKISTAN. Inquiries, comments, and suggestions should be addressed to the Editor Academic Research International Published by: SAVAP International Bright Home, Eidgah Colony, Lodhran City - 59320, PAKISTAN. Email: [email protected], [email protected] Telephone & Fax: +92 608 361176, Cell: +92 300 6826926 ISSN: 2223-9944, ISSN-L:2223-9553 Academic Research International Volume 1, Issue 2, September 2011 RESEARCH FOR PEACE AND DEVELOPMENT There are two predominant ways through which research promotes our awareness of the value and necessity of knowledge. They are: the never-ending expansion of the frontiers of the world we experience, and the creation of foundations for educational needs of the society. The same two objectives lay at the roots of the 'SAVAP International' which, being a civil society organization is determined to ensure that all activities it pursues meet the highest standards. Recognizing the great significant power of a competent and efficient publishing policy, the SAVAP International has embarked on the launching of a journal addressed to the whole academia and researchers' community, in a belief that it will be of particular interest to young researchers at the beginning of their path as well as all those who are interested in humanities, social science, management sciences, natural and applied sciences, their achievements and prospects. Our main aim is to provide information on discoveries and phenomena that determine the rhythm of life in Asia and other regions of the globe. The times we are now living in abound in important events and transformations that will be surely influencing the directions of global future development. Here again, the responsibility of academicians and researchers is to shape and promote attitudes for which the truth and human well-being are a primary value. I hope that 'Academic Research International' will be well received by the research and academic community. I also believe that it will make an essential contribution to the popularization of research in world for peaceful globe. (Muhammad Ashraf Malik) Founder Chairman SAVAP International [email protected] Copyright © 2011 SAVAP International www.journals.savap.org.pk www.savap.org.pk 1 ISSN:2223-9944, ISSN-L: 2223-9553 Academic Research International Volume 1, Issue 2, September 2011 LIST OF CONTENTS Sr. No. Pages Detail of Contents Part I: Natural and Applied Sciences 1 REINFORCEMENT LEARNING BASED FIVE LEGS ROBOT FOR RESCUE 6-14 OPERATIONS Prihastono, Dr. Son Kuswadi, Prof. Dr. Achmad Jazidie Bhayangkara Surabaya University, Electronic Engineering Polytechnic Institute of Surabaya, & Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, INDONESIA. 2 FLORA OF TIGEM ALPARSLAN FARM AND SURRROUNDINGS (MU Ş) 15-44 Cihat ÖLÇÜÇÜ, Dr. Fazlı ÖZTÜRK Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van TURKEY. 3 HOW CHAN CAN BE RELEVANT IN MODERN SOCIETY: A SCIENTIFIC VIEW 45-60 Prof. Dr. Hong Lin Department of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, University of Houston-Downtown, Houston, Texas, USA 4 OPTIMIZATION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY AT BATUTEGI DAM, LAMPUNG 61-69 PROVINCE, INDONESIA Anggara WWS, Lily Montarcih Department of Water Resources, Faculty of Engineering, Brawijaya University, Malang, INDONESIA. 5 H2S EMISSIONS CONTROL IN INDUSTRIAL EXHAUSTS USING TIO 2 70-73 NANOPARTICLES Naeem Shahzad, Prof. Dr. S. Tajammul Hussain, Muhammad Anwar Baig Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering (IESE), NUST, & National Centre for Physics, Islamabad PAKISTAN. 6 ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF INDIGENOUS LUMINESCENT 74-83 MARINE BACTERIA FROM KARACHI COAST Aisha Nawaz and Nuzhat Ahmed Center for Molecular Genetics, University of Karachi, PAKISTAN. 7 COMPARISON OF LOCAL DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS AND SINGULAR VALUE 84-88 DECOMPOSITION FOR CLASSIFICATION OF SURFACE EMG SIGNAL Navleen Singh Rekhi, Ajat Shatru Arora, Hari Singh Dr. B.R. Ambedkar NIT, Jalandhar, SLIET, Longowal, Punjab, & DAVIET, Jalandhar, Punjab, INDIA. 8 EFFECTS OF STRONG COLUMN WEAK BEAM RATIO AS CONSTRAINT FOR 89-95 STEEL FRAME OPTIMIZATION Mohammad Ghozi, Dr. Tench. Pujo Aji, Prof. Dr. Priyo Suprobo Bhayangkara Surabaya University, & Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, INDONESIA . 9 REDUCE SCANNING TIME INCREMENTAL ALGORITHM (RSTIA) OF 96-102 ASSOCIATION RULES Yehia.M EL-Rahman, Mohammad.M AL-Widyan Computer Science, Philadelphia University, Amman, & Department of Computer Science, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq, JORDAN . 10 OPTIMIZATION DIAMETER OF PIPE AT FRESH WATER NETWORK SYSTEM 103-109 Chairil Saleh, Sulianto Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Muhammadiyah, Malang, INDONESIA. Copyright © 2011 SAVAP International www.journals.savap.org.pk www.savap.org.pk 2 ISSN:2223-9944, ISSN-L: 2223-9553 Academic Research International Volume 1, Issue 2, September 2011 11 ROLE OF TOILET TYPE IN TRANSMISSION OF INFECTIONS 110-113 Dr. Mohammadjavad Mahdavinejad, Dr. Mohammadreza Bemanian, Saeed Farmahin Farahani, Dr. Ali Tajik College of Art & Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University , IRAN. 12 LEARNING PARADIGMS FOR GAME ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 114-123 Chukwuchekwa Ulumma Joy, Chukwuchekwa Nkwachukwu Department of Mathematics, & Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, NIGERIA. 13 SCREENING OF ENVIRONMENTAL BACTERIA HAVING POTENTIALLY 124-133 ACTIVE CHARACTERS FOR INCREASING SOIL BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES Nadia Jamil, Nazia Jamil, Nuzhat Ahmed Centre for Molecular Genetics, University of Karachi, PAKISTAN. Part-II: Social Sciences and Humanities 14 THE EFFECTS OF READING RACETRACKS AND FLASHCARDS FOR TEACHING 134-148 OF SIGHT WORDS Holly R. Romjue, Dr. T. F. McLaughlin, K. Mark Derby, Department of Special Education, Gonzaga University, WA, USA. 15 ECONOMIC GROWTH AND THE ENVIRONMENT 148-189 Prof. Dr. Dimitrios Nikolaou Koumparoulis, Department of Economics, Monarch Business School, University for Graduate Studies in Management (UGSM), SWITZERLAND. 16 WRITING APPREHENSION IN ENGLISH AMONG JORDANIAN POSTGRADUATE 190-198 STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITI UTARA MALAYSIA Ibrahim Fathi Huwari, Dr. Noor Hashima Abd Aziz Universiti Utara MALAYSIA. 17 THE PSYCHOSOCIAL IMPACT ON THE LINGUISTIC AND COMMUNICATIVE 199-205 COMPETENCE OF TEACHERS AT COLLEGE LEVEL IN DISTRICT MARDAN, PAKISTAN Mir Alam Said, Department of Education, Abdul Wali Khan, University, Mardan, PAKISTAN. 18 REPOSITIONING
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