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Vito Pirrelli, Ingo Plag, Wolfgang U. Dressler (Eds.) Word Knowledge and Word Usage Trends in Linguistics Studies and Monographs Vito Pirrelli, Ingo Plag, Wolfgang U. Dressler (Eds.) Word Knowledge and Word Usage Trends in Linguistics Studies and Monographs Editors Chiara Gianollo Daniël Van Olmen Editorial Board Walter Bisang Tine Breban Volker Gast Hans Henrich Hock Karen Lahousse Natalia Levshina Caterina Mauri Heiko Narrog Salvador Pons Niina Ning Zhang Amir Zeldes Editor responsible for this volume Daniël Van Olmen Volume 337 Word Knowledge and Word Usage A Cross-Disciplinary Guide to the Mental Lexicon Edtited by Vito Pirrelli, Ingo Plag, Wolfgang U. Dressler ISBN 978-3-11-051748-4 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-044057-7 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-043244-2 ISBN 1861-4302 DOI https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110440577 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Library of Congress Control Number: 2019956255 Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2020 Vito Pirrelli, Ingo Plag, Wolfgang U. Dressler, published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston. The book is published open access at www.degruyter.com. Typesetting: Integra Software Services Pvt. Ltd. Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck www.degruyter.com This book is dedicated to the memory of Lavinia Merlini Barbaresi, a pioneering contributor to the field of morphopragmatics and a unique friend, who relent- lessly worked on this volume during the hardest stages of her illness. Contents Vito Pirrelli, Ingo Plag and Wolfgang U. Dressler Word knowledge in a cross-disciplinary world 1 Part 1: Technologies, tools and data Vito Pirrelli, Claudia Marzi, Marcello Ferro, Franco Alberto Cardillo, Harald R. Baayen and Petar Milin Psycho-computational modelling of the mental lexicon 23 Jacolien van Rij, Nemanja Vaci, Lee H. Wurm and Laurie Beth Feldman Alternative quantitative methods in psycholinguistics: Implications for theory and design 83 Paola Marangolo and Costanza Papagno Neuroscientific protocols for exploring the mental lexicon: Evidence from aphasia 127 Emmanuel Keuleers and Marco Marelli Resources for mental lexicon research: A delicate ecosystem 167 Part 2: Topical issues Sabine Arndt-Lappe and Mirjam Ernestus Morpho-phonological alternations: The role of lexical storage 191 Claudia Marzi, James P. Blevins, Geert Booij and Vito Pirrelli Inflection at the morphology-syntax interface 228 Ingo Plag and Laura Winther Balling Derivational morphology: An integrative perspective on some fundamental questions 295 VIII Contents Gary Libben, Christina L. Gagné and Wolfgang U. Dressler The representation and processing of compounds words 336 Paolo Acquaviva, Alessandro Lenci, Carita Paradis and Ida Raffaelli Models of lexical meaning 353 Lavinia Merlini Barbaresi and Wolfgang U. Dressler Pragmatic explanations in morphology 405 Part 3: Words in usage Antonio Fábregas and Martina Penke Word storage and computation 455 Madeleine Voga, Francesco Gardani and Hélène Giraudo Multilingualism and the Mental Lexicon 506 Marco Marelli, Daniela Traficante and Cristina Burani Reading morphologically complex words: Experimental evidence and learning models 553 Dorit Ravid, Emmanuel Keuleers and Wolfgang U. Dressler Emergence and early development of lexicon and morphology 593 Thomas Berg Morphological slips of the tongue 634 Mila Vulchanova, David Saldaña and Giosué Baggio Word structure and word processing in developmental disorders 680 Index 709 Vito Pirrelli, Ingo Plag and Wolfgang U. Dressler Word knowledge in a cross-disciplinary world Abstract: This editorial project stemmed from a 4-year period of intense interdis- ciplinary research networking funded by the European Science Foundation within the framework of the NetWordS project (09-RNP-089). The project mis- sion was to bring together experts of various research fields (from brain sciences and computing to cognition and linguistics) and of different theoretical inclina- tions, to advance the current awareness of theoretical, typological, psycholin- guistic, computational and neurophysiological evidence on the structure and processing of words, with a view to promoting novel methods of research and assessment for grammar architecture and language usage. The unprecedented cross-disciplinary fertilization prompted by a wide range of scientific and educational initiatives (three international workshops, two sum- mer schools, one main conference and over a hundred grants supporting short vis- its and multilateral exchanges) persuaded us to pursue this effort beyond the project lifespan, spawning the idea of an interdisciplinary handbook, where a wide range of central topics on word knowledge and usage are dealt with by teams of authors with common interests and different backgrounds. Unsurprisingly (with the benefit of the hindsight), the project turned out to be more challenging and time-consuming than initially planned. Cross-boundary talking and mutual under- standing are neither short-term, nor immediately rewarding efforts, but part of a long-sighted, strategic vision, where stamina, motivation and planning ahead play a prominent role. We believe that this book, published as an open access volume, significantly sharpens the current understanding of issues of word knowledge and usage, and has a real potential for promoting novel research paradigms, and bring- ing up a new generation of language scholars. Keywords: interdisciplinarity, word knowledge, word usage, language units, statistical and computer modeling, levels of understanding, between-level map- ping, linking hypotheses, scale effects Vito Pirrelli, Italian National Research Council (CNR), Institute for Computational Linguistics, Pisa, Italy Ingo Plag, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Department of English, Düsseldorf, Germany Wolfgang U. Dressler, University of Vienna, Department of Linguistics, Vienna, Austria Open Access. © 2020 Vito Pirrelli et al., published by De Gruyter. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110440577-001 2 Vito Pirrelli, Ingo Plag and Wolfgang U. Dressler 1 Context Scientists are nowadays faced with a few important discontinuities with the past: (a) an exponentially growing rate of technological innovation, (b) the ever- increasing availability of multimodal data, (c) an increasing disciplinary specializa- tion, involving the danger of being blind to interdisciplinarity, and (d) a pressing demand for problem-oriented interdisciplinarity. 19th century medical practi- tioners based a diagnosis upon visiting their patients. For a 21st century medical doctor, patient encounters are complemented by a number of sophisticated diag- nostic techniques, ranging from radiography, PET and MEG to ECG, EEG and ultra- sound. This is what contemporary medicine is about: creating new objects of scientific inquiry by multiplying and integrating different information sources. 21st century language scientists are no exception. They can benefit from an equally large array of technological tools tapping linguistic information at un- precedented levels of range and detail. They know that words, phrases and ut- terances are not just mental representations or convenient descriptive devices grounded in introspection and informants’ intuition. They are multidimen- sional objects, emerging from interrelated patterns of experience, social inter- action and psychological and neurobiological mechanisms. Investigation of these objects calls for integration of manifold information sources at a concep- tual and functional level. In this book, we strive to understand more of words in language by squarely addressing a number of questions underlying the relationship be- tween speakers’ knowledge of words, evidence of the way speakers use words in daily communicative exchanges and psychological and neurofunctional cor- relates of word usage. How are words processed in working memory? Are they stored in long-term memory as a whole or rather composed ‘on-line’ in working memory from stored sub-lexical constituents? What role is played in this pro- cess by knowledge-based factors, such as formal regularity and semantic trans- parency, and usage-based factors, such as perceptual salience, familiarity and frequency? Does word-level knowledge require parallel development of form and meaning representations, or do they develop independently and at a differ- ent pace? How do word meanings function and combine in daily communica- tive contexts, and evolve through learning? What types of lexical knowledge affect on-line processing? Do the dramatic typological differences in word struc- ture across world languages impact on processing and acquisition? And how will a thorough investigation of such differences change lexical models worked out on the basis of a single language? Finally, what neurobiological patterns of connectivity sustain word processing and storage in the brain? And how can they break down as a result of neurological damage or disorders? Word knowledge in a cross-disciplinary world 3 Any serious effort to address these questions needs to ultimately be based upon recognition that words define a multifactorial domain of scientific in- quiry, whose thorough investigation requires synergic integration of a wide range of disciplines. Of late, a few independent lines of
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