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Tide Simplified by Phil Clegg Sea Kayaking Anglesey
Tide Simplified By Phil Clegg Sea Kayaking Anglesey Tide is one of those areas that the more you learn about it, the more you realise you don’t know. As sea kayakers, and not necessarily scientists, we don’t have to know every detail but a simplified understanding can help us to understand and predict what we might expect to see when we are out on the water. In this article we look at the areas of tide you need to know about without having to look it up in a book. Causes of tides To understand tide is convenient to imagine the earth with an envelope of water all around it, spinning once every 24 hours on its north-south axis with the moon on a line parallel to the equator. Moon Gravity A B Earth Ocean C The tides are primarily caused by the gravitational attraction of the moon. Simplifying a bit, at point A the gravitational pull is the strongest causing a high tide, point B experiences a medium pull towards the moon, while point C has the weakest pull causing a second high tide. Because the earth spins once every 24 hours, at any location on its surface there are two high tides and two low tides a day. There are approximately six hours between high tide and low tide. One way of predicting the approximate time of high tide is to add 50 minutes to the high tide of the previous day. The sun has a similar but weaker gravitational effect on the tides. On average this is about 40 percent of that of the moon. -
Marine Character Areas MCA 19 WEST PEMBROKESHIRE
Marine Character Areas MCA 19 WEST PEMBROKESHIRE ISLANDS, BARS & INSHORE WATERS Location and boundaries This Marine Character Area comprises the inshore waters off the west Pembrokeshire coast, encompassing the offshore islands of the Bishops and Clerks, Grassholm and The Smalls. The boundary between this MCA and MCA 17 (Outer Cardigan Bay) is consistent with a change from low energy sub-littoral sediment in the eastern part of this MCA to moderate/high energy sub-littoral sediment influencing MCA 17. The southern boundary is formed along a distinct break between marine sediments. The northern offshore boundary follows the limits of the Wales Inshore Marine Plan Area. The MCA encompasses all of the following Pembrokeshire local SCAs: 12: Strumble Head Deep Water; 14: Western Sand and Gravel Bars; 19: Bishops and Clerks; 28: West Open Sea; and 27: Grassholm and The Smalls. It also includes the western part of SCA 8: North Open Sea MCA 19 West Pembrokeshire Islands, Bars & Inshore Waters - Page 1 of 7 Key Characteristics Key Characteristics Varied offshore MCA with a large area of sea, ranging from 30-100m in depth on a gravelly sand seabed. A striking east-west volcanic bedrock ridges form a series of islands (Smalls, Grassholm and Bishops and Clerks), rock islets and reefs along submarine ridges, interspersed with moderately deep channels off the west coast. Two elongated offshore bars of gravelly sand lie on the seabed parallel to the coastline, shaped in line with tidal stream. Bais Bank (parallel with St David’s Head) includes shallows of less than 10m depth and dangerous shoals/overfalls. -
The-Pembrokeshire-Marine-Code.Pdf
1 Skomer Island 2 South Pembrokeshire (Area 1) 4 Ramsey Island 100m from island P MOD Danger Area Caution Stack Rocks sensitive area for cetaceans Caution Caution porpoise sensitive area sensitive area for cetaceans Harbour (N 51 deg 44.36’ W 5 deg 16.88’) 3 South Pembrokeshire (Area 2) You are welcome to land on Skomer in North Haven You are more likely to (on the right hand beach as you approach from encounter porpoise 1hr the sea) GR 735 095. Access up onto the Island is Access to either side of slack between 10am and 6pm every day except Mondays, Wick allowed Skomer Marine Nature Reserve water. Extra caution (bank holidays excluded). It’s free if you remain on during August only required in this the beach, £6 landing fee payable for access onto Broad Haven Beach area at these the Island. Please find a member of staff for an times introductory talk and stay on the paths to avoid the P puffin burrows. Skomer Warden: 07971 114302 Stackpole Head Church Rock 5 St Margarets & Caldey Island 6 The Smalls Access: Caldey is a private island owned by the Reformed Cistercian Community. Boat owners are reminded that landing on Caldey from craft Extreme caution other than those in the Caldey highly sensitive Pool is not permitted. Access may be granted on special porpoise area occasions by pre-arrangement. 100m from island T 01834 844453 minimum safe 8 Grassholm 11 Strumble Head navigable speed only, Access to Grassholm is on south going tide. restricted due to the island 7 Skokholm Island being the worlds third largest Caution gannet colony (RSPB). -
Environmental Impact Assessment) Regulations 2007 (As Amended), Regulation 22 - EIA Consent Decision
Marine Works (Environmental Impact Assessment) Regulations 2007 (as amended), Regulation 22 - EIA Consent Decision Title: RNLI St David’s Life Boat Station Regulatory Approval: Marine Works (Environmental Impact Assessment) Regulations 2007 (as amended) Operators: RNLI (Trading) Limited Report No: Ref: CRML1365 Location: St Justinian’s, Pembrokeshire Introduction This document constitutes an EIA consent decision under Regulation 22 of the Marine Works (Environmental Impact Assessment) Regulations 2007 (as amended) (MWR), in respect of an application submitted by RNLI (Trading) Limited. The application was supported by an Environmental Statement. The Marine Licensing Team has considered the application and information provided in support of the application and is now in a position to make an EIA consent decision to RNLI (Trading) Limited. Project Description RNLI (Trading) Limited has applied for a Marine Licence for the construction of a new slipway lifeboat station and access structure at St Justinian’s, Pembrokeshire. Works that require a Marine Licence under Marine and Coastal Access Act (2009) will involve works seaward of MHWS including: Columns supporting the slipway and boathouse Slipway These works also require Planning Permission under Town and Country Planning Act (1990). Pembrokeshire Coast National Park Authority granted the development Planning Permission on 31st January 2013 (Application number: NP/13/00717). Welsh Government was also notified as the Appropriate Authority as the works constituted for Imperative Reason -
Introduction
introduction The Pembrokeshire Coast National 10 Park has some of the most unspoilt 11 seals and spectacular coastal scenery Goodwick in the UK. It is an area rich in Fishguard We are very fortunate to share our waters with grey seals. They wildlife and is designated as being are sensitive to disturbance and are protected by law. They haul internationally and nationally out to pup on the Pembrokeshire coastline and offshore islands important for marine habitats usually from August to the end of November.Although there may be and species. 9 4 gatherings of large groups at any time of year. St. Davids seabirds The maps and codes of conduct 1. Do not land on pupping beaches from 1st August to the end of November The 1st March to the 31st July is a particularly sensitive time as in this leaflet highlight the existing Bishops and do not disturb mothers nursing pups. Adult females often rest about & Clerks birds come ashore to nest. Sensitive sites include steep cliffs and Ramsey 10-30m away from the shore and their pup. Avoid coming between them. Agreed Access Restrictions Island zawns. The Pembrokeshire coastline and offshore islands have St. Bride’s 2. Avoid creeping up on seals or approaching them bow on. They may that have been drawn up by Bay nationally and internationally important populations of seabirds. Haverfordwest perceive you as a predator. conservation experts and coastal Skomer Island 6 Narberth 6 3. Keep your distance and keep at least 20m away from seals unless they 1. Plan trips carefully and with respect to users. -
WATER ENVIRONMENT A3d.1 INTRODUCTION
Offshore Energy SEA APPENDIX 3d - WATER ENVIRONMENT A3d.1 INTRODUCTION A number of aspects of the water environment are reviewed below in a UK context, and for individual Regional Seas: • The major water masses and residual circulation patterns in UK seas • Density stratification (influenced principally by temperature and salinity) and frontal zones between different water masses – these represent potentially important areas for biological productivity • Tidal flows • Overall patterns of temperature and salinity • Wave climate • Ambient noise Recent assessments of changes in hydrographic conditions are summarised, based mainly on reports by DEFRA (2004a, b) and MCCIP (2007). Overall, significant anomalies and changes have been noted in sea surface temperature (SST), thermal stratification, circulation patterns, wave climate, pH and sea level – many appear to be correlated to atmospheric climate variability as described by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Larger- scale trends and process changes have also been noted in the North Atlantic (e.g. in the strength of the Gulf Stream and Atlantic Heat Conveyor (more properly characterised as the Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC), or the Atlantic Thermohaline circulation (THC) e.g. Trumper 2005), Northern Hemisphere (Weijerman et al. 2005) and globally (IPCC 2007a). There are varying degrees of confidence in the interpretation of observed data and prediction of future trends. Finally, the specific environmental issue of eutrophication is summarised. This is an area of concern in specific geographical areas, notably the southern North Sea and various coastal and estuarine locations. A3d.2 UK CONTEXT The history of broadscale studies of North Sea circulation and hydrographic patterns (e.g. temperature and salinity distribution) was briefly reviewed in SEA 2. -
A1d Water Environment
Offshore Energy SEA 3: Appendix 1 Environmental Baseline Appendix 1D: Water Environment A1d.1 Introduction A number of aspects of the water environment are reviewed below in a UK context, and for individual Regional Seas: • The major water masses and residual circulation patterns • Density stratification (influenced principally by temperature and salinity) and frontal zones between different water masses • Tidal flows • Tidal range • Overall patterns of temperature and salinity • Wave climate • Internal waves • Water Framework Directive ecological status of coastal and estuarine water bodies • Eutrophication • Ambient noise Recent assessments of changes in hydrographic conditions are summarised, based mainly on reports by Defra (2010a, b) and MCCIP (2013) but incorporating a range of other grey and peer reviewed literature sources. Overall, significant anomalies and changes have been noted in sea surface temperature (SST), thermal stratification, circulation patterns, wave climate, pH and sea level – many appear to be correlated to atmospheric climate variability as described by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Larger-scale trends and process changes have also been noted in the North Atlantic (e.g. in the strength of the Gulf Stream and Atlantic Heat Conveyor (more properly characterised as the Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC), or the Atlantic Thermohaline circulation (THC), northern hemisphere and globally. There are varying degrees of confidence in the interpretation of observed data and prediction of future trends. A1d.2 UK context There have been a number of information gathering and assessment initiatives which provide significant information on the current state of the UK and neighbouring seas, and the activities which affect them. These include both UK wide overview programmes and longer term specific monitoring and measuring studies. -
Ramsey Island Half Day + Walk
Pembrokeshire Coast National Park Ramsey Island Half Day + Walk SCALE: 0 300 600 m KEY DISTANCE/ DURATION: 3.1 miles (4.9 km) 2 hours •••• Circular Route PUBLIC TRANSPORT: *Celtic Coaster 403 (*seasonal, hail & ride) Car Park at St Justinians CHARACTER: Island walk, cliff edge, steep in parts (chargeable) LOOK OUT FOR: Superb island, coastal, mainland views • seals and porpoises Public Toilets great variety of bird life • red deer • coastal flowers CAUTION: NO DOGS ALLOWED ON ISLAND. Please telephone St Davids Visitor Centre (01437 720392) for boat crossing days/times/fares etc. SAFETY FIRST! • Take great care when on the Coast Path • Stay on the path and away from cliff edges • Wear boots and warm, waterproof clothing • Take extra care in windy and/ or wet conditions • Always supervise children and dogs • Leave gates and property as you find them ShortcutShortcut © Crown copyright and database rights 2012 Ordnance Survey 100022534. Ramsey Island Half Day + Walk Duration: 2 hours The connection between Ramsey and the cathedral across the water at St Length: 3.1 miles (4.9 km) Davids is a strong one. One story tells Public transport: *Celtic Coaster how St Justinian, the friend and 403 ( *seasonal, hail & ride). confessor of St David, retired to Grid Ref: SM700237 Ramsey but became tired of the many visitors who came across a causeway that linked island and mainland. The twin hills of Ramsey give the island a striking profile when seen When the saint prayed for the from the mainland. Closer to, the causeway to be removed a giant axe island is just as spectacular with its is supposed to have appeared and stretches of open heath and imposing hacked the causeway into the string of cliffs. -
Merging Velocity Measurements and Modeling to Improve Understanding of Tidal Stream Resource in Alderney Race
Merging velocity measurements and modeling to improve understanding of tidal stream resource in Alderney Race. Maxime Thiébaut, Alexei Sentchev, Pascal Bailly Du Bois To cite this version: Maxime Thiébaut, Alexei Sentchev, Pascal Bailly Du Bois. Merging velocity measurements and modeling to improve understanding of tidal stream resource in Alderney Race.. Energy, Elsevier, 2019, 178, pp.460-470. 10.1016/j.energy.2019.04.171. hal-02336285 HAL Id: hal-02336285 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02336285 Submitted on 28 Oct 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial - NoDerivatives| 4.0 International License Merging velocity measurements and modeling to improve understanding of tidal stream resource in Alderney Race Maxime Thiébaut1,2 , Alexei Sentchev*1 and Pascal Bailly du Bois3 (1) Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8187, LOG, Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences, Wimereux, France (2) France Énergies Marines, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, Batîment Cap Océan, 525 Avenue de Rochon, Plouzané, France (3) IRSN/DEI/SECRE/LRC, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, Direction de l Environnement et de l Intervention, Laboratoire de Radioécologie de Cherbourg Octeville, France (*) Corresponding author: [email protected] Phone : +33 3 21 99 64 17 Fax : + 33 3 21 99 64 01 Abstract Tidal circulation and tidal stream resource in Aldemey Race (Raz Blanchard) were assessed by using a towed acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) system and tidal modeling. -
Wales-Destination Highlight Cheat Sheet Focus #1
Wales-Destination Highlight Cheat Sheet Focus #1: ACTIVE PEMBROKESHIRE: Guided walk along Pembrokeshire Coastal Path with historical monuments en route and breathtaking cliff top views. BRECON BEACONS: Enjoy some guided hiking with your very own outdoor guide in one of Wales’ most unspoilt and scenic National Parks. A walkers haven! OFFA’S DYKE TRAIL: A great chance to enjoy some guided hiking along one of Britain’s National walking Trails that runs South to North along the Welsh/ English border. SNOWDONIA: Guided hike to the highest summit in Wales – Snowdon-followed by post walk refreshments in Pen-Y-Gwryd Hotel, a famous & historic hikers inn! BETWS-Y-COED: Great forest trail centres for a days guided mountain biking in this very scenic area. PEMBROKESHIRE & ANGLESEY: Some spectacular guided sea kayaking options in these particularly favourite spots. Focus #2: CULINARY CARDIFF: Food walking tour operated by Loving Welsh Food- the perfect introduction to Wales natural larder! SNOWDONIA: Bespoke tour and tasting at the Purple Moose micro Brewery located in the historic harbor town of Porthmadog. ANGELSEY: Visit Halen Mon Sea Salt visitor centre for a fascinating, interactive tour that unveils salt’s place in our history, culture and food. Focus #3: WILDLIFE BWLCH NANT YR ARIAN- Bird reserves abound – the Red Kite feeding at Bwlch Nant yr Arian is a sight to behold with over 150 Red Kites feeding at any one time! PEMBROKESHIRE COAST: Boat trips to see Puffins, Shearwaters, Gannets, Whales, Dolphins & other birds (depending on the time of year) out to Ramsey Island or further out to Grassholm. -
Welcome to Pembrokeshire!
Welcome to Pembrokeshire! We know that you’re going to enjoy your stay in our beautiful county; if you haven’t visited before you’re in for a huge treat. If you’re a regular visitors then now’s the time to explore the unexplored. Find new adventures and places to relax and take in huge gulps of gorgeous fresh air. To help you choose how to spend your time, where to do your shopping and where to eat, Celtic Holiday Parks have put together the following information which offers a handy guide to what’s on offer. These services are ever-changing as businesses open up for the summer season following the coronavirus lockdown. We have compiled the list to the best of our knowledge at the time of going to print. Many of the businesses have Facebook pages where you can find the latest up-to-date information. 1 We hope the following will be useful and give you some helpful suggestions! Page Enjoy our spectacular area, but most of all, stay safe during your visit. How to spend some of your time! If you are staying at Noble Court, the park is set in 50 acres of rolling countryside and has its very own beautiful nature reserve which features a lake attracting a whole host of wildlife and is great for walking your dog around, while Meadow House has its own access to the coast path leading to the beach at Wiseman’s Bridge or Amroth whilst Croft Country Park is ideally situated, being central to many award winning attractions. -
Lunar Marine/Tidal Energy
Beyond Nimbyism Case Study: Lunar-E.ON Tidal Stream Project Pembrokeshire, South Wales This case study involves a novel marine technology proposed for demonstration and development in an area of high ecological sensitivity. The project is still at an early stage and in common with our other marine case studies has a significant degree of local support and no organised opposition. There are a range of potential concerns expressed by local people and stakeholder groups and these have the potential to evolve further if not fully addressed. The developer has made efforts to engage locally before formal permissions are sought and this engagement has been well received by some, but scepticism and distrust is still in evidence amongst others. Developer: Lunar Energy- E.ON Sector: Marine: Tidal energy Scale: Eight 1,200 tonne 1.5MW tidal stream sea-bed turbines, each ~27 metres long, 16 metres high, 11kV cable to bring power onshore. Location: Seabed of Ramsey Sound, between Ramsey Island and the coast, nearest village St Justinian, nearest city St Davids. Within the Pembrokeshire Coastal National Park. Decision Process: Seabed owned by Crown Estate and permission needed from the Crown Commission. Landfall of cables in Pembrokeshire Coast National Park, which is the Local Planning Authority. EIA required. FEPA licence from Welsh Assembly Government, S.36 licence from DECC not applied for. Scoping underway. Timeline: At the time of the research the project was still in the pre-application phase but had been under development for about 18 months during which feasibility studies and initial environmental assessment work had been undertaken.