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Engineering Report May 3, 2019 John Shirley Anderson Shirley Architects 95 Commercial St SE #5 Salem, OR 97301 [email protected] Re: South Salem High School Addition –Noise Control Guidelines REPORT: This guideline document is meant to provide typical methods of achieving the acoustical design criteria for building services systems (HVAC, Electrical, and Plumbing) and provide allowances to be made to accommodate likely treatments. These guidelines contain the basis for acoustical design to accommodate all users under typical conditions; they do not provide solutions for every conceivable acoustical situation. Adherence to the guidelines identified herein will provide a realistic starting point for the detailed design of the systems. Generally, the guidelines are intended to flag potential acoustical problems without undue restriction on the project designers' creative freedom. Nothing in these documents should be construed as modifying the requirements of any applicable building code. Where conflicts exist, the most restrictive condition should be satisfied. HVAC Systems Noise Control Criteria The HVAC systems should be designed to achieve the following background noise level targets are shown in Table 1, presented in terms of Noise Criterion (NC). NC ratings are single number representations of a background sound level spectrum. We utilized ANSI S12.60 Acoustical Performance Criteria, Design Requirements, and Guidelines for Schools and the 2015 ASHRAE Handbook – HVAC Applications for guidance in determining the maximum Noise Criteria (NC) levels. ABD Engineering & Design ◼ Architectural Acoustics ◼ AV Design ◼ Noise and Vibration 321 SW 4th Avenue, Suite 700, Portland, OR 97204 124 Fulton Street East, Second Floor, Grand Rapids, MI 49503 Phone (866) 272-9778 ◼ www.abdengineering.com SSHS Addition – Mechanical Noise Control Guidelines May 3, 2019 Page 2 Table 1: Noise criterion level targets HVAC Sound Location Level Target Auditorium NC 20 - 25 Band, Choir and Orchestra NC 25 Black Box NC 25 Practice/Ensemble Rooms NC 25 Corridors and Lobbies NC 40 HVAC System Noise Control Design Guidelines HVAC systems produce noise from rotating machinery and aerodynamically induced noise in ducts, terminal units, diffusers and associated piping. It is transmitted to occupied areas by airborne transmission through ductwork and piping, and by transmission of vibration through the structure both from the machines and from attached pipes, ducts and conduits. Structure-borne noise problems can occur at considerable distances from the source, especially in concrete structures. This section sets out basic design and installation strategy to ensure quiet HVAC systems and is generally organized by system component. Adherence to the guidelines will minimize noise problems and help to meet stipulated background noise criteria in occupied spaces. In many sections, the guidelines propose allowances which should be made subject to review and modification by ABD. Planning • Equipment rooms should be separated and remote from acoustically critical spaces with ratings of NC 30 or less. • The HVAC system should be designed to minimize turbulence and flow resistance. Both of these contribute to higher sound pressure levels generated by the HVAC system, particularly at low frequencies. • Keep airflow velocity in ducts serving sound-sensitive spaces as low as possible by increasing the duct size to minimize turbulence and flow-generated noise. Sound Ratings • The manufacturers' sound rating information, which is used in the design of acoustical treatment, must be specified as the maximum allowable sound rating for the appropriate equipment. ABD will assist in preparing these specifications. ABD Engineering & Design ◼ Architectural Acoustics ◼ AV Design ◼ Noise and Vibration 321 SW 4th Avenue, Suite 700, Portland, OR 97204 124 Fulton Street East, Second Floor, Grand Rapids, MI 49503 Phone (866) 272-9778 ◼ www.abdengineering.com SSHS Addition – Mechanical Noise Control Guidelines May 3, 2019 Page 3 • When this information is requested of the suppliers, they should be informed that the sound generating characteristics of their equipment will be an important factor in the selection process. Failure to provide test data acceptable to ABD may result in exclusion from the selection process. • Suppliers bidding alternate arrangements for air handling units, etc. must ensure that the sound power transmitted to the rest of the system meets the sound power specification. If this involves supply and/or design of additional acoustical treatment, the total costs of such treatment must be included in the bid price. • It may be necessary for the project specification to require that the specific air-handling equipment serving acoustically critical spaces with a rating of NC 25 or less be tested for conformance with acoustical criteria, prior to delivery to site and in a certified acoustical laboratory. Vibration Isolation • Provide effective vibration isolation for circulation pumps, chillers, cooling towers, fans, and all other rotating machinery by means of neoprene, rubber or steel spring isolators as appropriate. • A Vibration Isolation Specification will be provided for review by the mechanical engineer. • Vibration-isolate ducts and pipes, using spring and/or neoprene hangers for at least the first 50 ft from vibration-isolated equipment. • Make all service connections to vibration isolated equipment with flexible connectors capable of withstanding the maximum displacement of the machine without strain or rupture. Pumps • Pumps should be mounted on concrete inertia bases with spring vibration isolators. • Neoprene flexible connectors should be used where pipe sections are attached to the pumps. • All piping at the pumps should be supported with vibration isolation in the form of either floor mounts or hangers. Fans and Air Handling Units • Allow for air handling equipment duct sound attenuators with a combined pressure drop of a maximum of 15% of the system pressure for each fan or air handling unit. • Selecting quiet air-handling units will result in shorter duct sound attenuators, less acoustical duct lining, and possibly lighter weight mechanical room walls and less acoustical duct lagging. Request that air-handling unit manufacturers submit their options for lower noise units and make it clear to their representative that noise is a ABD Engineering & Design ◼ Architectural Acoustics ◼ AV Design ◼ Noise and Vibration 321 SW 4th Avenue, Suite 700, Portland, OR 97204 124 Fulton Street East, Second Floor, Grand Rapids, MI 49503 Phone (866) 272-9778 ◼ www.abdengineering.com SSHS Addition – Mechanical Noise Control Guidelines May 3, 2019 Page 4 significant concern for this project. Manufacturers can achieve lower noise levels by using different types of fans, using larger fans, using perforated supply and return air plenums in their air-handling units, and by other means. • To reduce fan noise and terminal unit regenerated noise during off peak periods, use variable frequency drives for volume control in variable volume systems. • Fan sound power level information must be requested of the specified fan supplier and included in tender specifications. A Sound Power Specification will be provided for review by the mechanical engineer. Fan-coil Units and Heat-pumps • In general, fan-coil units and heat-pumps should not be located within the ceiling void above NC 40 or quieter spaces. Fan-coil units and heat-pumps located above NC 40 or quieter spaces will likely require noise control enclosures. • Expect that fan-coil units and heat-pumps serving NC 40 and quieter spaces will require inlet and out duct sound attenuators. Ducts • In general, rectangular ductwork, with low airflow velocity, is preferred over round and oval ductwork. • Avoid routing main ducts through NC30 and quieter spaces. • Use balanced geometry for duct branches, duct tees, and transitions to minimize air turbulence and achieve low levels of regenerated noise. • Duct transitions should not exceed an included expansion angle of 15 degrees, or the resulting flow separation may produce rumble noise. • Ductwork at both the fan inlet and outlet should have a minimum of 5 duct diameters of straight ductwork to provide laminar airflow and minimize turbulence. • Locate elbows and duct branch takeoffs at least 4 or 5 duct diameters from each other to minimize flow generated noise. • Use turning vanes with mitered elbows or radiused elbows to achieve low regenerated noise levels. • Do not use flexible ductwork in spaces with a recommended noise level of NC 25 or lower. Duct Velocity • Duct air velocities should be designed to not exceed the values listed in the following tables. Be sure to allocate space early on for the large duct mains serving the Auditorium. ABD Engineering & Design ◼ Architectural Acoustics ◼ AV Design ◼ Noise and Vibration 321 SW 4th Avenue, Suite 700, Portland, OR 97204 124 Fulton Street East, Second Floor, Grand Rapids, MI 49503 Phone (866) 272-9778 ◼ www.abdengineering.com SSHS Addition – Mechanical Noise Control Guidelines May 3, 2019 Page 5 Table 2: Maximum air velocity for rectangular duct Maximum1 Air Velocity in Rectangular Duct, fpm Noise Criteria Main Duct Main Duct Branch Duct Final Main Duct (NC) (Above GWB (Above ACT & Duct after Run-out to (Exposed) Ceiling) Ceiling) VAV Box Diffuser NC20 800 800 800 625 400 NC25 1350 1000 875 750 450 NC30 1675 1175 1000 900 550 NC35 2000 1400 1150 1000 600 NC40 2400 1700 1375 1200 750 1. Assumes use of radiused elbows or turning vanes. Table 3: Maximum
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