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A Bibliography of Labor History in Pennsylvania

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A Bibliography of Labor History in Pennsylvania A Bibliography of Labor History in Pennsylvania First Draft Compiled and Edited by Nathaniel J. Donato University of Pittsburgh September 2014 Second Draft Compiled and Edited by Charles L Lumpkins Pennsylvania Labor History Society and the School of Labor and Employment Relations, Pennsylvania State University Labor History Bibliography Project Directed by Kenneth Wolensky Pennsylvania Labor History Society and the Pennsylvania Historical Association Pennsylvania Labor History Society March 2015 Table of Contents: Introduction ……………………………………… ……………………………………………….3 African American Labor ................................................................................................................. 5 Artisan and Craft Labor………………………… .......................................................................... 6 Biography……………………………………… ............................................................................ 6 Child Labor…………………………………… ............................................................................. 7 Coal ................................................................................................................................................. 7 Deindustrialization ........................................................................................................................ 16 Environment………………… ...................................................................................................... 17 Farming and Agricultural Labor ................................................................................................... 17 Glass Industry………………………………… ....................................................................... …19 Healthcare and Hospital……………………………… ............................................................... .19 Immigrant Labor…………………………… ............................................................................... 19 Industrialization ............................................................................................................................ 22 Iron ................................................................................................................................................ 24 Law and Politics ............................................................................................................................ 26 Life ................................................................................................................................................ 28 Literature……………………………… ....................................................................................... 31 Lumber .......................................................................................................................................... 31 Movies, Multimedia, and Videos…… .......................................................................................... 32 Music ……………….........................................................................……………………………34 Office Labor……………………………………. ......................................................................... 35 Oil ................................................................................................................................................. 36 Public Sector………………………….. ....................................................................................... 38 Railroads and Locomotives (see also Transportation) .................................................................. 39 Restaurants, Diners, and Fast-Food Franchises… ........................................................................ 40 Slavery, Servitude, and Prison Labor…. ...................................................................................... 40 Steel............................................................................................................................................... 40 1 Strikes and Protests ....................................................................................................................... 45 Textiles .......................................................................................................................................... 49 Transportation (see also Railroads and Locomotives)… .............................................................. 52 Unions and the Labor Movement ................................................................................................. 52 Visual Arts……………….. .......................................................................................................... 57 Women’s Labor ............................................................................................................................ 57 Other ............................................................................................................................................. 58 Websites………………………………………………………………………………………….61 2 Introduction During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries Pennsylvania was recognized as a national industrial leader. Dominant industries included Iron and Steel, Coal, Coke, Textiles, Garment, Lumber, and Railroads. Immigrant workers composed a large percentage of the Commonwealth’s industrial workforce as had slaves and indentured servants in an earlier era. While its natural resources, capital investments, and industrial outputs were impressive, industrialization came at a cost as the struggles of workers and labor unions formed a dominant element in industrial Pennsylvania. Capital and labor were often at odds as reflected in monumental events such as the Battle of Homestead in 1892, the Great Anthracite Coal Strike of 1902, the Great Steel or “Hunkie” Strike of 1919 and the Knox Mine Disaster in 1959. Pennsylvania was also home to farm laborers and public-sector workers who were among the first in the nation to unionize with the unprecedented Acts 111 and 195 in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Indeed, strong public- and private-sector unions and displays of worker solidarity were, and, in some cases, remain common in the Commonwealth’s diverse economy. By the latter-half of the twentieth century, Pennsylvania entered into its long and painful industrial decline. “Deindustrialization,” as it came to be called by economists, historians, and social scientists, devastated communities and displaced hundreds of thousands of industrial workers. The once powerful industrial unions saw their membership decrease. Public-sector 3 unions expanded, however. In addition, newly emerging unions within the public sector came to represent tens of thousands of workers. This bibliography contains publications about labor and workers in Pennsylvania history. It is a diverse compilation that includes among its entries titles of scholarly and popular books and articles, public history, film and songs, but not dissertations. It lists a number of titles under more than one subject heading. The bibliography also has works that partially cover Pennsylvania under the category, “Other.” While comprehensive, it remains a work-in-progress as new scholarship and depictions of the lives of Pennsylvania workers and labor unions appear. The bibliography is useful to scholars, students, and laypersons interested in the history of labor in Pennsylvania. 4 African American Labor Bezís-Selfa, John. “Slavery and the Disciplining of Free Labor in the Colonial Mid-Atlantic Iron Industry.” Pennsylvania History 64 (1997): 270-286. Bloom, John. “‘The Farmers Didn't Particularly Care for Us’: Oral Narrative and the Grass Roots Recovery of African American Migrant Farm Labor History in Central Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania History 78, no. 4 (2011): 323-354. Bodnar, John E. “Peter C. Blackwell and the Negro Community of Steelton, 1880-1920.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 97, no. 2 (1973): 199-209. Cole, Peter. Wobblies on the Waterfront: Interracial Unionism in Progressive-Era Philadelphia (Working Class in American History). Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2007. Dickerson, Dennis C. Out of the Crucible: Black Steelworkers in Western Pennsylvania, 1875– 1980. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1986. Gottlieb, Peter. Making Their Own Way: Southern Blacks' Migration to Pittsburgh, 1916–30. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1987. Gray, LaGuana. We Just Keep Running the Line: Black Southern Women and the Poultry Processing Industry. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2014. Hodge, Ruth. Guide to African American Resources at the Pennsylvania State Archives. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 2000. Hopkins, LeRoy, and Eric Ledell Smith. The African Americans in Pennsylvania. Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1994. Lynch, Leon. “Black Labor History: An Overview: From a Paper Delivered to the 1979 Spring Conference of the Pennsylvania Labor History Society at Philadelphia.” Pennsylvania Labor History Notes 1, no. 5 (February 1979): 13-20. Miller, Jacquelyn C. “The Wages of Blackness: African American Workers and the Meanings of Race during Philadelphia's 1793 Yellow Fever Epidemic” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 129, no. 4 (2005): 163-194. Obsorne, Christopher M. “Invisible Hands: Slaves, Bound Laborers, and the Development of Western Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania History 72, no. 1 (2009): 77-99. Reed, Merl E. “Black Workers, Defense Industries, and Federal Agencies in Pennsylvania, 1941- 1945.” Labor History 27, no. 3 (Summer 1986): 356-375. 5 Ryan, Francis. AFSCME's Philadelphia Story: Municipal Workers and Urban Power in the Twentieth
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