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The Little Owl: Conservation, Ecology and Behavior of Athene Noctua Dries Van Nieuwenhuyse, Jean-Claude Genot and David H

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The Little Owl: Conservation, Ecology and Behavior of Athene Noctua Dries Van Nieuwenhuyse, Jean-Claude Genot and David H Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-88678-9 - The Little Owl: Conservation, Ecology and Behavior of Athene Noctua Dries Van Nieuwenhuyse, Jean-Claude Genot and David H. Johnson Index More information Index Accipiter gentilis 293, 296 Asia 163, 374 Accipiter nisus 293, 296 Asio flammeus 203 activity peaks 312 Asio otus 37, 211, 213, 231, 233, 281, 296, 300 Aegolius funereus 297, 302, 318 assessing the strategy 354, 355 aerial photography 392 Athene 24, 27, 38, 39, 60, 80 Aesculus hippicastanum 128 Athene blewitti 24, 60 Afghanistan 36, 167, 397 Athene brama 27, 39, 60, 80 Africa 27, 33, 90, 157, 163, 184 Athene cunicularia 24, 39, 60, 80, 183, 225, 382 agriculture Athene lilith 33, 36 changes in practices 126, 280, 289, 292 Athene superciliaris 39 intensification 119, 132, 136 Austria 27, 30, 96, 132, 186, 204, 205, 226, 262, 292, 307, Albania 33, 137, 397 325, 327, 356, 397 albinism 53 aviary 363, 366 Algeria 158, 397 Azerbaijan 33 altitude 272 Azov Sea 35 amphibian as prey Bosca’s Newt, Triturus boscai 490 Bahrain 157, 397 Common Frog, Rana temporaria 490 Balkan 43 Common Toad, Bufo bufo 490 Baltic States 30 Common Tree Frog, Hyla arborea 490 banding see ringing Edible Frog, Rana esculenta 490 Barking Owl see Ninox connivens Green Toad, Bufo viridis 490 barn 239, 241, 242, 333 Marsh Frog, Rana ridibunda 490 Barn Owl see Tyto alba Painted Frog, Discoglossus pictus 490 barrier 272 Ribbet Newt, Pleurodeles waltl 490 bath 261 Smooth Newt, Triturus vulgaris 490 bee 333 Spadefoot, Pelobates fuscus 490 beetles 218, 222, 223, 225, 227, 231, 232, 233, 329 Spotted Salamander, Salamandra salamandra 490 behavior 327 Stripeless Tree Frog, Hyla meridionalis 490 begging 256 Western Spadefoot, Pelobates cultripes 490 calls anatomy 82 adults 76 anthelmintic 283 geographical variation 80 anthropogenic habitat 184 young 80, 255, 261 Anthus pratensis 299 climbing up 257 apple tree 237, 242 clustering 328 Aquila heliaca 296 courtship Aquila rapax 296 beginning 234 Arabian Peninsula 27, 90, 155, 167 feeding the female 234 Armenia 90, 148, 226, 397 perch 234 ash 239 foraging 226 562 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-88678-9 - The Little Owl: Conservation, Ecology and Behavior of Athene Noctua Dries Van Nieuwenhuyse, Jean-Claude Genot and David H. Johnson Index More information Index 563 handling prey 256 Finsch’s Wheatear, Oenanthe finschii 494 hatching Garden Warbler, Sylvia borin 488 owlet 252 Golden Oriole, Oriolus oriolus 489 incubation 252 Goldfinch, Carduelis carduelis 489 intraspecific 273, 299 Great Grey Shrike, Lanius excubitor 489 mating 236–237, 267 Great Spotted Woodpecker, Dendrocopos major 488 mobbing 276, 299, 373 Great Tit, Parus major 489 nestling development Greenfinch, Carduelis chloris 489 one week 255 Grey Partridge, Perdix perdix 487 1–5 days 256 Grey-headed Woodpecker, Picus canus 488 two weeks 255, 256 Hawfinch, Coccothraustes coccothraustes 489 three weeks 256, 258 Hoopoe, Upupa epops 488 nest-showing 274 House Martin, Delichon urbica 488 prey capture 225–226, 346 House Sparrow, Passer domesticus 224, 489 sexual 273 Isabelline Wheatear, Oenanthe isabellina 494 singing 80–82 Jack Snipe, Lymnocryptes minimus 488 social 273 Jackdaw, Corvus monedula 489 territorial 274 Jay, Garrulus glandarius 489 Belarus 147, 397 Kestrel, Falco tinnunculus 487 Belgium 27, 33, 95, 96, 97, 100, 102, 123, 186, 207, 213, 226, Lapwing, Vanellus vanellus 487 253, 262, 276, 281, 282, 287, 293, 298, 301, 306, 317, Lesser Kestrel, Falco naumanni 494 324, 325, 328, 340, 342, 345, 369, 372, 397, 413, 415 Lesser Whitethroat, Sylvia curruca 488 Bhutan 36, 151, 397 Linnet, Carduelis cannabina 489 bibliography 324, 325 Little Owl, Athene noctua 488 bigamy 267, 269 Little Tern, Sterna albifrons 488 bill 48, 53, 224, 225, 253, 257 Magpie, Pica pica 489 bill size 60, 74 Manx Shearwater, Puffinus puffinus 487 binocularity 82 Meadow Pipit, Anthus pratensis 488 biocides 229 Mistle Thrush, Turdus viscivorus 488 biodiversity 354, 394 Moorhen, Gallinula chloropus 487 bird as prey Morepork, Ninox novaeseelandiae 489 Bee-eater, Merops apiaster 494 Nightingale, Luscinia megarhynchos 488 Bimaculated Lark, Melanocorypha bimaculata 494 Nightjar, Caprimulgus europaeus 488 Black Redstart, Phoenicurus ochruros 488 Nuthatch, Sitta europea 489 Black Wheatear, Oenanthe leucora 494 Olivaceous Warbler, Hippolais pallida 495 Blackbird, Turdus merula 224 Pallas’s Sandgrouse, Syrrhaptes paradoxus 494 Black-tailed Godwit, Limosa limosa 488 Pheasant, Phasianus colchicus 487 Black-throated Thrush, Turdus ruficollis atrogularis 494 Pied Wagtail, Motacilla alba 488 Blue Rock Thrush, Monticola solitarius 488 Pied Wheatear, Oenanthe pleschanka 494 Blue Tit, Parus caeruleus 489 Quail, Coturnix coturnix 487 Blue-cheeked Bee-eater, Merops superciliosus 494 Red-backed Shrike, Lanius collurio 489 Calandra Lark, Melanocorypha calandra 488 Red-headed Bunting, Emberiza bruniceps 495 Caspian Plover, Charadrius asiaticus 494 Red-legged Partridge, Alectoris rufa 487 Chaffinch, Fringilla coelebs 489 Redstart, Phoenicurus phoenicurus 488 Chough, Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax 489 Redwing, Turdus iliacus 488 Common Sandpiper, Actitis hypoleucos 488 Reed Bunting, Emberiza schoeniclus 495 Common Tern, Sterna hirundo 488 Reed Warbler, Acrocephalus scirpaceus 488 Corn Bunting, Emberiza calandra 489 Robin, Erithacus rubecula 488 Crested Lark, Galerida cristata 488 Rock Nuthatch, Sitta neumayer 495 Cuckoo, Cuculus canorus 488 Rock Partridge, Alectoris graeca 494 Domestic birds as Pigeons, Columba livia, and Domestic Rock Pipit, Anthus spinoletta 488 Fowl, Gallus gallus 489 Rock Sparrow, Petronia petronia 495 Dunnock, Prunella modularis 488 Roller, Coracias garrulus 494 Fieldfare, Turdus pilaris 488 Rose-colored Starling, Sturnus roseus 495 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-88678-9 - The Little Owl: Conservation, Ecology and Behavior of Athene Noctua Dries Van Nieuwenhuyse, Jean-Claude Genot and David H. Johnson Index More information 564 Index bird as prey (cont.) population 94 Rufous Bush Robin, Cercotrichas galactotes 494 season 315 Sand Martin, Riparia riparia 488 success 96, 261–262, 318, 423, 424 Serin, Serinus serinus 489 at ringing age 264 Short-toed Lark, Calandrella brachydactyla 494 breeding biology 297, 420 Short-toed Lark, Calandrella cinerea 488 Britain see United Kingdom Skylark, Alauda arvensis 488 brood patch 243, 251 Snipe, Gallinago gallinago 488 Brown Rat Song Thrush, Turdus philomelos 488 Rattus norvegicus 253 Spanish Sparrow, Passer hispaniolensis 489 see Rattus norvegicus Sparrowhawk, Accipiter nisus 487 Bubo bubo 208, 287, 295 Spotless Starling, Sturnus unicolor 489 buildings 237, 239, 241, 242, 324, 333, 347 Spotted Flycatcher, Muscicapa striata 495 Bulgaria 90, 138, 184, 207, 226, 397, 487 Spotted Redshank, Tringa erythropus 494 burrow 183, 225, 237, 241, 242 Starling, Sturnus vulgaris 224, 489 Burrowing Owl see Athene cunicularia Storm Petrel, Hydrobates pelagicus 225, 487 Buteo buteo 287, 296 Swallow, Hirundo rustica 488 Buteo lagopus 296 Swift, Apus apus 488 Buteo rufinus 296 Teal, Anas crecca 494 Buzzard see Buteo buteo Tree Pipit, Anthus trivialis 488 Tree Sparrow, Passer montanus 224, 489 Cactus Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl Trumpeter Finch, Bucanetes githagineus 495 Glaucidium brasilianum cactorum 382 Turnstone, Arenaria interpres 488 cainism 265 Turtle Dove, Streptopelia turtur 488 California Spotted Owl see Strix occidentalis occidentalis Wheatear, Oenanthe oenanthe 488 California Spotted Owl 386 Whinchat, Saxicola rubetra 488 calling males 423, 424 Whitethroat, Sylvia communis 488 calls see behavior Willow Tit, Parus montanus 489 captive breeding 251, 252, 255 Wood Lark, Lullula arborea 488 captivity 363, 364, 365, 366 Woodchat Shrike, Lanius senator 489 capture–recapture 369 Woodpigeon, Columba palumbus 488 Carabid 204 Wren, Troglodytes troglodytes 488 Carduelis carduelis 299 Wryneck, Jynx torquilla 488 Carduelis chloris 299 Yellow Wagtail, Motacilla flava 488 Carrion Crow see Corvus corone Yellowhammer, Emberiza citrinella 489 Caspian Sea 33, 35, 36, 145, 149, 150 bird-care center 329, 353, 365 caterpillars 226 birth 300 cattle trampling 204 Black Kite see Milvus migrans cavity 192, 206, 270, 372 Black Sea 35, 36 breeding 186, 273, 274, 276 Blue Tit see Parus caeruleus tree 416 body movements 270 cemetery graves 241 body weight 60, 272, 309 census 346 and sex 67 Central Asia 140 of starved birds 74 Ceratonia siliqua 126, 280 seasonal variation of 60–67 cere 48, 53 Booted Eagle see Hieraaetus pennatus Chad 397 Bosnia 30, 33 cherrystones 223 breeding 327 Chestnut 184 ecology 416 chimney performance 283 as trap 289 and body weight 262 China 27, 30, 34, 36, 37, 90, 152, 374, 397 and climate 262 churches 239, 241 and food supply 262 Circus aeruginosus 296 and geographic variation 262 Citellus citellus 183 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-88678-9 - The Little Owl: Conservation, Ecology and Behavior of Athene Noctua Dries Van Nieuwenhuyse, Jean-Claude Genot and David H. Johnson Index More information Index 565 claws 48, 53, 60, 75, 225 death 300 cliffs 241 death rate see mortality cluster 345 decision-making 411, 412 clustering 211, 212, 318 declining of population 322 clutch size 247 decoy 310 and female age 267 Delichon urbica 299 and food supply 251 demographic 328, 344, 345, 350, 353, 355, 378, 384, 385, climate 247, 251 386, 390, 391, 392, 393 distribution of 251 demographic data 369 geographic variation in 247 demographic monitoring area 356, 396
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