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Chennai City Partnership Public Disclosure Authorized Program for Results Environmental and Social Systems Assessment Report March 2021 Public Disclosure Authorized The World Bank, India Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized 1 2 List of Abbreviations AIIB Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank AMRUT Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission BMW Bio-Medical Waste BOD Biological Oxygen Demand C&D Construction & Debris CBMWTF Common Bio-medical Waste Treatment and Disposal Facility CEEPHO Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organisation CETP Common Effluent Treatment Plant CMA Chennai Metropolitan Area CMDA Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority CMWSSB Chennai Metro Water Supply and Sewage Board COD Chemical Oxygen Demand COE Consent to Establish COO Consent to Operate CPCB Central Pollution Control Board CRZ Coastal Regulation Zone CSCL Chennai Smart City Limited CSNA Capacity Strengthening Needs Assessment CUMTA Chennai Unified Metropolitan Transport Authority CZMA Coastal Zone Management Authority dBA A-weighted decibels DoE Department of Environment DPR Detailed Project Report E & S Environmental & Social E(S)IA Environmental (and Social) Impact Assessment E(S)MP Environmental (and Social) Management Plan EHS Environmental, Health & Safety EP Environment Protection (Act) ESSA Environmental and Social Systems Assessment GCC Greater Chennai Corporation GDP Gross Domestic Product GL Ground Level GoTN Government of Tamil Nadu GRM Grievance Redressal Mechanism HR Human Resources IEC Information, Education and Communication ICC Internal Complaints Committee JNNRUM Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission KII Key Informant Interview LAR Land Acquisition and Resettlement MoEFCC Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change 3 MTC Metropolitan Transport Corporation NGT National Green Tribunal NMT Non-Motorized Transport NRW Non-Revenue Water PAP Program Action Plan PDO Project Development Objective PforR Program for Results PIU Program Implementation Unit PMU Program Management Unit POM Program Operations Manual PPE Personal Protective Equipment PSC Program Steering Committee RA Results Area SC Scheduled Castes SEA-SH Sexual Exploitation and Assault- Sexual Harassment SEIAA State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority SPCB State Pollution Control Board ST Scheduled Tribes STP Sewage Treatment Plant SWD Storm Water Drainage SWM Solid Waste Management TNIDB Tamil Nadu Infrastructure Development Board TNPCB TN State Pollution Control Board UG Underground UGSS Underground Sewerage System ULB Urban Local Bodies UPHC Urban Primary Health Centers VGF Viability Gap Funding WRD Water Resources Department WSS Water Supply and Sewerage 4 Contents List of Abbreviations ...................................................................................................................................................3 1. SECTION ONE: Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................7 1.1 Background .................................................................................................................................................7 1.2 Program context .........................................................................................................................................7 1.3 Institutional Arrangements ........................................................................................................................9 1.4 Objectives and Scope of ESSA ....................................................................................................................9 1.5 Stakeholder Consultation .............................................................................................................................. 11 1.6 Social and Environmental Impact and Risk Rating ........................................................................................ 11 1.7 Assessment of Social and Environmental Legal policy framework ............................................................... 12 1.8 Assessment of risks under PforR Activities ................................................................................................... 15 1.9 Assessment of Institutional systems and capacities ..................................................................................... 19 1.10 Assessment against Core principles ............................................................................................................ 21 1.11 Gaps and Recommendations ....................................................................................................................... 26 1.12. PAP Action .................................................................................................................................................. 29 2. SECTION TWO: Sectoral Environmental and Social Systems Assessment ........................................................... 32 2.1 Water Supply and Sanitation ................................................................................................................... 32 2.1.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................... 32 2.1.2 Social and Environmental Impact .................................................................................................... 32 2.1.3 Assessment of Social and Environmental Legal Policy Framework ................................................. 34 2.1.4 Assessment of Risks under PforR activities ..................................................................................... 38 2.1.5 Assessment of Institutional systems and capacities ....................................................................... 39 2.1.6 Assessment against Core principles ................................................................................................ 44 2.1.7 Recommendations .................................................................................................................................. 45 2.1.8 Stakeholder Engagement ....................................................................................................................... 47 2.2 Water Resource Development ................................................................................................................ 50 2.2.1 Overview ................................................................................................................................................. 50 2.2.2 Social and Environmental Impact and Risk rating .................................................................................. 51 2.2.3 Assessment of Social and Environmental Legal policy Framework ........................................................ 52 2.2.4 Assessment of Risks under PforR activities ............................................................................................ 58 2.2.5 Assessment of Institutional systems and capacities .............................................................................. 61 2.2.6 Assessment against Core principles ....................................................................................................... 67 2.2.7 Recommendations .................................................................................................................................. 72 5 2.2.8 Stakeholder Engagement ....................................................................................................................... 74 2.3 Urban Mobility ......................................................................................................................................... 75 2.3.1 Background and Overview ............................................................................................................... 75 2.3.2 Social and Environmental Impact .................................................................................................... 76 2.3.3 Policy and Legal Framework ............................................................................................................ 79 2.4.4 Assessment of Risks under PforR activities ..................................................................................... 82 2.4.5 Assessment of Institutional systems and capacities ....................................................................... 85 2.4.6 Assessment of Program System Consistency with Core Principle of OP 9.00 ........................................ 98 2.4.7 Recommendations ................................................................................................................................ 101 2.4.8 Stakeholder Consultations.................................................................................................................... 103 2.4 Municipal Services (Health and SWM) .................................................................................................. 109 2.4.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................................... 109 2.4.2 Social and Environmental Impact ......................................................................................................... 110 2.4.3 Assessment of Social and Environmental Legal policy Framework ...................................................... 113 2.4.4 Assessment of Risks under PforR activities .........................................................................................