The uarto

ss t.zn Q UARTERLY fOR THE. CLEMENTS LIBRARY ASSOCIAT ES :,\U MBER 115. nsc., 19i 6

Boar d 0/ Governors and Macki nac Island, traveling by ship. hy rail, a nd by stage coac h. Five ot her cop ies are known. .:\T Tift: M EETI :'\'G of the Associat es' Board. . -Q\"em ber -1, purcha ses to the amo un t of $ \2,050 They were provided by the Board of Cover­ were authorized . The particular items are noted nors. elsewhere in the se columns. The Board decided also to offer a Ii fe mem­ Fresh Honors bership in th e Associates for SlOOO. Two persons O UR C t:RATOR OF M APS, Douglas :\larshall , has ha ve alrea dy taken th at op tion; others arc in­ been na med edi tor of T errae l ncognitae by the vited to consider it. The Board asks members to Socie ty for the History of Discoveri es at its re­ take time to send in names of fri en ds who migh t cen t an nual meeting. H is three-year term begins care to join our Associates. A new inv itat ion to in 19i7. The periodical a ppears annua lly. mem bershi p has been p rinted to send out to T he hon or is partlv in recog nition of our prospects. progr am in th e hi story of d iscover ies which has The Adams lecture by ProL Francois FUTer been made possible by a gra n t from the Xleflon of Paris concerned cha ng ing French attitudes Fund. 'Ve offer three graduate fellowships each toward Am eri ca. It was so thoughtful and year, a seminar in th e field is taught by the challenging that the Library has decided to print history or geography dep artments, and we have it for distribution. Associat es will be able to made one research gra n t. The appointment is receive a copy early in the new year. also a tribute to Dr. Marshal l's steady interest in the subject. He has com pleted all th e work T ravel for a doctor of philosophy degree in hi story,

\ VE COL L F.CTT RAVEL acco un ts. \Ve like to know which will be forma lly con ferred at the end of what impressed foreign visitors to Am erica, or this term, His dissertation is on "The Bri tish natives who surveyed new regions. Their opin­ Military En gin eer. 1741-1783." ions of places, persons, and events form an im­ \Ve are pleased to have an academic journal portant source. emana te from this Library, as it will focu s some A new one has come our wa y• .Neu-Gciu ndenes atten tion on our earliest books and maps, and Eden (T he Ne w-fou nd Ede n). Switzerl and 1737. und erline our in teres t in research. It is a description of t wo journeys through th e Caro linas, Virginia,Maryland, and Pennsyl­ Jonatha n Dayt on vania, with informa t ion on settlemen ts and re­ JO~A THAN D A YT O N , Revolutionary \Var officer, sources. It was desi.gned to encourage immigra­ member and Speaker of the U.S.H ou se of tion. Two other copies a re known in th e U.S. Representat ives, 1791-99 and Senator from New One is in the John Carter Brown Librar y with Jersey. 1799-1 805. is rem embered tod ay pri­ one map in it. The other is in the Library of marily [or hi s name. H e was heavily involved Congress with one map- a different on e. Our in early Ohio land speculation, and it was in cop y contains both maps! the vicin ity of hi s holdings that the [Own of We also picked up Le tters W,-itt en by John Dayton developed .

Kingman while Oil (l tour to Illinois and Jl'is­ Although nationally promi nent,Dayton has consin in th e summe r of / 838 (H ingham, xfass. rema ined a shado «..'y historical figure because of 1842). T h is self-explanatory title meant that the absence of known manuscript source mate­ Kingman visited Detroi t. Chicago. Gree n Ba y, riaL A library Associate recently brough t us in Collect ion wou ld seem to offer rich op port ~ ties for th is sort of sch olarly investigation.

Drawing T o An Inside St raight

\VHEN \ VIL LI Al\1 L. CLEMENTS purchased papers of Lt. Ge n. Thomas Gage in 1930, collection included 83 manuscript maps of ~ America. For its size. the number of ma ps ex pected to be larger and some of the letten, THE CLEMENTS LIBRARYASSOC IATES mention ed maps wh ich had disappeared. of The University of Michi gan such letter was dated Ma y 13. 177'1 , a nd signo! by the irascib le Capt. J ohn Mon tresor, ~ BOARD OF GOVERNORS manding en gineer at New York . I t describes labor , material , a nd techniques necessary to re­ (Appointed by the R egents of th e U n iversity) con struct th e fort at Crown Poin t on Mrs. Noyes L. Avery. J r.. Grand R ap ids Cham plain . wh ich had ex ploded and burnal Carl W . Bonbriglu. Flint in 17i 3. Moutresor "made both a general a Edward W. Bowen. Bay City particular survey to pographicall y, with the lev R obert P. Br iggs. Elk R ap ids, CH A IR MAN and sections through the ground, and after C. E. Fraze r Clark . Jr.. Bl oom field Hills thoroughly exam in ing th e \vhole, I traced 0Ul Bl y Corning. FU" t th e proposed. works." H e also enclosed a de­ Thomas N . Cross. Ann A rbor ta iled estima te of expe nses. much as a modern­ Duane N. Diedrich, M uncie, In d. day contractor m igh t d o. with costs for each pan \Villiam C. Finkcnstaedt, Detroit of th e work. Harlan H . H a tcher , A ,m A rbor T he m ap which originally accompa nied the David \Y. Kendall. Det roit letter was thoug ht to have been lost. but it James 1\1 . Klancnik. Chicago apparen tly had becom e separated from ~ James S. Schoff, N ew York paper s and rem ained in th e possession of the Roy M . T oll eson . jr., Detroit Gage family. No w they are once agai n united, Mrs. David 1'. Up to n. St. l oseph an d toge ther the map. letter. a nd estim a te re­ Lee D. va n Antwerp • .N orthbrook, Ill. veal importa nt consid er ations abo ut Briti Ho ward H. Peckham , Director of th e m ili tary fortifica tion i ll th e year before the R evolution began. An oth er copy of th e map Library, SEC RE T AR Y was sent to King Ge orge III a nd is now a part of the collection of th e British Lihrary. The Associates made sure we go t it. contact wit h a friend representing descendants. The pleasin g result is a ge nerous purcha se by T he Early Circus our C lements Li brary Associates of this 650 item collection: 55 letters of Da yton. 316 let­ ASSOCI ATE STUART THAY F.R of Ann Arbor has ters to him. Fourt een letters relate to h is a lleged devoted most of his sp are time to an inve stiga­ involveme n t in the Aaron Burr co nsp iracy {or tion of th e first America n circuses, going through which he was briefly imprisoned, but never tried . ou r ea rly newspapers for advertisements a nd There are sca ttered political letters, but th e accounts of them. His resear ch has cu lmin ated manuscri pts are essentia lly a record o f Dayton's in a book, A nnals of the A m erican Circ us, 179)­ com p lex fina nci a l affa irs. 1829, a copy of which he presen ted to the Decades ago, Charles Beard ga ined some Library. not oriety by portra yin g the Foundi ng Fa th ers as T here were eq uestria ns. acrobats. and tight­ self-in terested ca pita lists "on the make." H is rope walker s appearing in America before th e generali zations were overly simp listic, but hi s­ R evolution, often exhibiting sepa ra tely on torians o f th e Early National period are only street corners a nd taking up a coll ection. Not beginning to carefully investiga te th e ta ngled until 1793 d id a manager put th ese disparat e relation sh ip s between political leadership a nd elements togeth er, along with clown s, and offer personal financial specul at ion. OUf new Dayton a combined sho w in a circular are na . T hat is the beginning. Mr . Thayer traces develop­ One is the Abbe Ruynal's Sentiments of a 1.S and rising popularity for the next 35 Foreigne r on the Disputes of Great Brita in wi th A merica (Ph iladelph ia 17751. It is called the fir" edition and no French printing is known. The good abbe was a friend of America an d took ion Trouble her side aga inst Engla n d. _"-, ECHO of our recent election is found in an The other is the A dd vess to the R ulers of th e ~ 9 broadside we have just acquired. Lewi s Cass Stat e (London 1778) . The unknown au thor .. M ichigan had been defeated for President in argued that En gland made a mistake in kee p ing . He was urged to r un for the U.S, Senate Canada in the peace of 1763, because that led to «M1 the Democra tic ticke t. In those da ys Senators the Quebec Act of 1774 which antagonized the .-ere elected by each state legislature. Cass was Am erican colonies. He urged a union of Eng­ Bl{)m\:\\.(\\l'.~ h 'j "- c.'-\\\c.'-\'i> ()( l)em\Kt <.\\.\.C. \\\e\\.\h~t ':'-. \a.nl\ a.no. \,et t\metl can co\onle~ \n onlet to of the legislature . attack France and Spain, En gland~s hereditary Then a group of 17 Democrats objected, deny­ enemies. He even recommended making an ing the legitimacy of the caucus and alleging alliance wi th Sweden and N orway to conquer that Cass d id not want the office according to a the West lndies. Oniy two other copies 0\ this lett er he wrote to one of them. Actually , they booklet are known. also feared h e wa s loa Ierrient on the extension of slavery into the Southwest territory won from Mexico. They set forth their position in a broad­ Society of the Ci nci nnati sid e now little known. \ VE ARE PU:ASEil to have a handsome folio Nevertheless, Cass wa s re-elected to the Senate pamphlet entitled Proceed in gs of the Cin cinnati by a vote of 44 to 38, far from the virtual by Their Delegates in Ge neral-Meeting Con­ unanimity he had expected and had enjoyed v ened at Philadelphia, M ay 1787 (Philadelph ia in 1845. In the last biography of Cass, 1%0, ] 787). This was the second general meeting of the broadsid e is not mentioned, as only on e this Society of Revolutionary \ Var officer s. It copy wa s known-at H arvard. Now we have ob­ was founded in 1783 to raise money [or widows tained a second copy, to go with out extensive and children of veterans. Otherwise it wa s a Cass manuscripts. social organization and wa s carried on by son s of officers. A few frightened republicans feared G. W ash ington it might become an elitist group with political ambitions, hut it didn't. The proceedings of the VISiTOR.s T o THE LIBRARY always comment on the mannequin s of British and Hessian soldiers first genera l meeting, J784, apparently were not published; only a circular letter to the new state which stand on top of our exhib ition cases. societies wa s issued. There is another one representing Gen. Sir \Villiam Howe in the rare book roorn. These It was another purchase of the Associates. figures were made and given to us by Mrs. John Alexander, a Fellow and longtime friend Civ il Tt'ar of the Library. The uniforms are authentic copies, and her workmanship is impeccable. O UR CIVIL \VAR manuscript holdings are gradu­ As a Bicentennial offering, she has made a all y taking on substa n tial depth. Mrs. Norman new figure of George \Va shington, re:;;plendent Hanweg of Ann Arbor has presented u s with in buff and blue. \'Ve have him facing Sir 103 letters of James T. and Robert E. Miller, \Vill iam Howe, who never equalled him in brothers from near \Varren, Pennsylvania. genera lship or character. The m annequins add James enlisted in Novem ber, IR61 in the l i lth color and interest to our interior. Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry. It wa s a regi­ ment which fought hard and frequently at Cedar Mountain, Gettysburg, Atlanta, and in th e For 'Ou r Side Carolinas. Miller was always in the thick of hat­ l\:OT OFTEN CAN we find any political pamphlets tle, and his graphic descriptions of combat were of the Revolutionary period which we lack. those of a proud, hardened veteran. He was Suddenly we cam e upon two this fall , and the killed in a murderous surprise attack at Peach Board bough t them [or us. Tree Creek, outside Atlanta, on July 20, 1864. R ob ert E. Miller muster ed in to the 151st Browne's motives remain unclear-an ;IC a..­ Pennsylvania Regi ment in O ctober, 1862. T he panyin g letter ex p lai ns that he intended to unit served wit h the Army of the Potomac in ser ve other parcels for the sold iers of his ~ Virgin ia. Althoug h he spent almost half of hi s ment to purch ase at one farthing a n acre. nine-mont hs tour of duty in m ili tary hosp ital s. viou sly, these were reasonable terms. Perhaps missi ng C ettysburg, the lack of m ili tary content in ten ded to profit by the commerce by o~ in the correspondence is compensated for by means, b ut in a ny case. a ll pl ans were sheh well-written descri ptions of camps and hospitals. by the America n Revolution and hi s a ppo i... " ' hile recuperating a t S1. Paul's Church Hos­ ment as ca ptain-general to the Baha ma Isla pital in Alexa ndria, he a tt ended a Sunday ser­ in 1775. O ther correspondence re lating to vice in Christ Church and m inutel y descr ibed subject has been identified in th e calendar \\'ashington 's pew, yet proudly displa yed in the th e papers of Lo rd Dar tmou th, whi ch. w venerable landmark. exami ned, shou ld give further insigln to T h is is a n espe cially good set of sold iers' let­ transactions. ters. a nd we" are deeply a pp recia tive of the gift. \ \'e would ur ge any or the library's Associa tes The Dodge StOJ) 1 possessing diar-ies or lett er s of a Civil \ Var ancestor to consider entrusting them to th e able O."\:E OF THE GREAT rarities among Revoluti care of our Manuscript Division. ary captivity narrat ives is th e story of Johel Dodge. Born in Connecticu t in 1751, he estab­ Old M an R iner 0" Maps lished himself at Sandusky. Ohio, as a n In diae be T HE B RITiSH 1101'£ for \ Vest Florida was some­ trader in 1770. \Vh en the Revolution began, thi ng m ore than coul d be ex pected. Pen sacola took some western Indians to a co unci l a t Fort wa s selected as th e capita l of the colony, since Pi tt. For thi s rebel activity, Co l. Henry Il amihon the treat )' o f 1763 ga ve New Orleans to th e of Detroit seized him in J anuar y 1776 and COD­ Spanish. In fact, both sides of the Mi ssissippi fined h im in irons in an u nhea ted jail, promising River bel ow New O rl eans were under Spanish to hang h im as a traitor. For a tim e he was in rule, and ra th er than pa y a still tariff th e British and unable to walk. Finally in June, Hamilton spen t severa l years tr yin g to di g a canal to pass released him from confinement and he was a .... throug h Lak e Maurepas and open a route for low ed to mov e around within th e fort. xt ean­ com me rce directly with th e Atlantic. T he cana l while, hi s trade goods at Sandusky had been never worked. Bu t sett lers flocked to th e rich ta ken and given to the In di ans. lands a long th e Mississippi and perhaps 4,000 In the spr ing of 1777 he even o bt ai ne d a had staked claims by 1775. pass fro m Hamilton and took some trade goods One citi zen who acq uired 17,000 acres partia l­ on cred it to Mack inac and returned. I le S3 ' ..­ ly bord er ing th e river was the lieuten ant gov­ Hamilton pay off some Indians who broug-ht ernor, Monrcfort Bro wne. Brown e ambitiously back scalps and prisoners from Kentu cky_ Dodge planned to re-loca te the ca p ital to a site over­ managed to rescu e one pri soner fro m the In ­ looki ng a bend in th e river between Bat on d ians. For thi s act, he was im pri soned agai n for R ou ge a nd Port H udson on 112 acres of la nd a time, and the Kentuckian di ed of Fever. and con sulted a surveyor to lay out the town. Dod ge's new stock of trade goods wa s seized , a nd A man uscri p t p lan of the town attributed to in ~Iay 1778 he was sent as a prisoner to Q uebec. Capt. J oh n Montresor was o bta ined by the H amilton then preven ted h is being exchanged Library in 1967 showing the proposed la yout but he was allowed the free dom of th e town. of the cit y a nd th e surrounding countrysid e. In O cto ber he escaped and reach ed Boston. It T hrough other sources, we have obtained a n was his testimony that he lped blacken th e name identical map of th e ground plan, but with th e of Hamilton in Ameri can eyes. Dodge di ed in to wn not as yet la id out and demarcating the IROO. possessio n of Browne, th e area reser ved [or thc His N arrative wa s published in Phi ladelphiaPL

city itself a mi a larger parcel of 635 acres to in 1779. Only p;;g cop ~s .~ kn own today. \V e~ <,J show the suburbs. It is dat ed 1774 and the have just acquire d th e seco nd ed ition, Dan \' ers ,~ ­ initials of the draftsman revea l it to be the work Xlass.. 1780. It was from this ed ition that Cla r- a, t J of Lt. J ohn Ca m pbell, a member of the Corps ence M. Burton rep rod uced a facsim ile in 1 9 09ok ~ of Engineers. in 60 cop ies; until now that is all we ow ned . '~ i..t.