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USI June19 Covers USI COVER RO YAL RO U YAL U N I N T E S D E S I L E A R T W V I C H E T E S U O I N S S S D T W I E T N U F T E O E L S E A R W V I H C T E U S O I S N S W T E I T N U F T O E RO YAL U N IT E S D E S L E A R W V I H C T E U S O I N S S W T E I T N U F T O E United Service Journal of the Royal United Services Institute for Defence and Security Studies, New South Wales, Incorporated Informing the defence and national security debate since 1947 Volume 70, Number 2, June 2019 – ISSN 1038-1554 CONTENTS NEWS General Sir Thomas Blamey who, during World War II, had been commander-in-chief of the Australian Military Forces and, National President’s Column – Anker Brodersen .............2 concurrently, commander of the Allied Land Forces in the South- Institute News ......................................................................3 West Pacific Area, was recalled from retirement in 1950 and promoted to field marshal. Recent research in the Australian Erratum.................................................................................3 archives has revealed that the accepted story surrounding his promotion contained several myths, including that the British War OPINION Office resisted the promotion. Editorial: Islamic and white supremacist terrorism in our region – David Leece and Ian Pfennigwerth.....................4 BOOK REVIEWS Letter: Defence and political developments in Indonesia – Base nation: how U.S. military bases abroad harm America and the World by David Vine – Ian Ingleby............................................................................4 reviewed by Marcus Fielding ..............................................8 Base Nation examines the social and economic impacts that INSTITUTE PROCEEDINGS 800 United States overseas bases have on the communities and Assessing Australia’s bargaining power in the countries where they are located. United States alliance at a time of regional power War by Gwynne Dyer – reviewed by Marcus Fielding...20 shift – Thomas Wilkins .......................................................5 This modern classic is one of the most compelling analyses of The advent of the Trump Presidency, coupled with the rise of the history and psychology of armed conflict throughout the ages. China, has put considerable strains on the ANZUS alliance It is more relevant than Clausewitz or Sun Tzu. between Australia and the United States. Wilkins presents a methodology for assessing Australia’s putative bargaining power Flesh and steel during the Great War: the within the alliance, demonstrates how Australia’s position has transformation of the French Army and the invention been weakened overall by Trump and China, and proposes of modern warfare by Michel Goya – options for Australia going forward. reviewed by David Leece .................................................21 Task Group Afghanistan 2018: a commander’s Flesh and Steel describes the transformation of the French perspective – Peter Connor ................................................9 army from a 19th century force in 1914 to arguably ‘the most The commander of Australia’s task group in Afghanistan from modern in the world’ by 1918. November 2017 to September 2018, Brigadier Peter Connor, “The man who took the rap”: Sir Robert Brooke- describes the geostrategic context in which the task group Popham and the fall of Singapore by Peter Dye – operated, the functions it performed, some of the more significant events, and operations undertaken. He concludes with his reviewed by Bob Treloar ...................................................22 observations on the experience. This is a biography of Air Chief Marshal Sir Robert Brooke- Popham whose career spanned the development of air power The tragedy of Korea – Michael Pembroke....................13 from 1912 to 1938. The fall of Singapore was a footnote. Pembroke traces the history of Korea in the 20th century from Total onslaught: war and revolution in southern its occupation by Japan from 1910 to 1945; through its military occupation by the Soviet Union and the United States in 1945 and Africa since 1945 by Paul Moorcraft – the formation of two states, North Korea and South Korea, in reviewed by Ken Broadhead ............................................23 1948; to the war from 1950 to 1953, which started as a civil war This book is about the conflicts in southern Africa which and became a global conflict, with China supporting the North and followed World War II and which have continued to a greater or the United States and its allies, the South. The war ended in an lesser extent in different countries up to the present. armistice. Red star over the Pacific: China’s rise and the CONTRIBUTED ESSAY challenge to U.S. maritime strategy by Toshi Yoshihara & James R. Holmes – reviewed by Ian Pfennigwerth....24 Some myths relating to the promotion to field This book assesses how the rise of Chinese sea power will marshal of Sir Thomas Blamey in 1950 – affect U.S maritime strategy in Asia. It examines the PLA Navy’s David Deasey ...................................................................21 operational concepts, tactics and capabilities. FRONT COVER: Australian Army Corporal Sam Kirley of Force Protection Element 10, Kabul Garrison Command, in Kabul, Afghanistan, on 7 April 2019. Brigadier Peter Connor, who commanded Australia’s Task Group in Afghanistan in 2017-2018, shares his experiences beginning on p. 9. [Photo: Corporal Chris Beerens, Department of Defence]. United Service 70 (2) June 2019 Page 1 United Service Royal United Services Institute for Journal of the Royal United Services Institute for Defence and Security Studies Defence and Security Studies New South Wales, Incorporated Informing the defence and national security debate since 1947 Australia Limited Editor: Dr David Leece, PSM, RFD, ED Promoting national security awareness Business Manager: Mr Graham Brown Patron: His Excellency, General The Honourable Editorial Advisory Committee: Sir Peter Cosgrove, AK, MC (Ret’d) Dr David Leece, PSM, RFD, ED – chair Governor-General of Australia Mr Ken Broadhead, RFD National President and Board Chair: Vacant Air Vice-Marshal Bob Treloar, AO, RAAFAR Deputy National President and Acting Board Chair: Dr Ian Pfennigwerth Air Commodore Anker Brodersen, CSC, RAAFAR United Service is published quarterly. It seeks to inform the Company Secretary: defence and national security debate in Australia and to bring an Air Commodore Peter McDermott, AM, CSC (Ret’d) Australian perspective to that debate internationally. To this end, Company Treasurer: Mr Herbert (Mickey) Michaelis the journal publishes papers presented at meetings and seminars organised by the Institute. Contributed papers dealing with National President’s Column defence and national security issues or military history also will be published, together with relevant opinion pieces, letters to the The two issues most raised with me editor, biographies, obituaries and book reviews. Before about the Royal United Services Institute acceptance, contributions are refereed and edited. (RUSI) at the national level (RUSIDSS-A) Contributions, which conform to the journal’s style, should be relate to the purpose of the RUSIDSS-A as a addressed to the Editor at [email protected]. Papers normally national body and to the activities of the should not exceed 3500 words and may be accompanied by one National Board. or two illustrations, a brief biography and a photo of the author. RUSIDSS-A is a company established by Opinion pieces, biographies, obituaries and book reviews should Australia’s independent state and territory not exceed 850 words, guest editorials 400 words and letters 200 united services institutes (its ‘constituent words. Submission of an article implies that the article has not bodies’ or CBs) to promote understanding of been published elsewhere and also implies transfer of the Australia’s defence and national security, to foster co-operation copyright from the author to the publisher. Notes for contributors among the CBs, and to represent the RUSI as a whole (a ‘one- are at www.rusinsw.org.au. stop-shop’) in dealings with the Commonwealth and other Copyright: This work is copyright. The Copyright Act 1968 permits external persons and bodies. fair dealing for study, research, news, reporting, criticism and Having no natural persons as members, RUSIDSS-A relies review. Selected passages may be reproduced for such purposes, on CB volunteers to act as Board members; to run the provided acknowledgement of the source is included. Otherwise, national office; and to maintain the national website articles published in this journal may not be reproduced, stored in (www.rusinsw.org.au). The website enables the public to learn a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form by electronic or about the CBs and their activities; and it can be used by CBs to mechanical means, photocopying or recording, either in whole or manage their membership records and their events – some rely in part, without the written permission of the Editor. on it wholly; others only use it to provide a link to their Publisher: United Service is published by the Royal United independent websites. National office also is the conduit for Services Institute for Defence and Security Studies, New South submission of grant requests from the CBs to Defence; and it Wales, Incorporated, ABN 80 724 654 162, PO Box A778, Sydney negotiates the licence for CB access to Defence facilities, South NSW 1235. including the provision of passes enabling CB staff to conduct CB activities on the Defence estate. Typesetter: Mrs Marilou Carceller; Email: [email protected]. Rolls Royce sponsors our website. We currently have no Subscriptions: Members receive the e-journal at no additional other source of income. We no longer receive assistance from charge. The e-subscription for non-members is $40 per year Defence with office administrative expenses, although individual and can be arranged through the Business Manager at the CBs may be successful from time-to-time in attracting Defence Institute’s office. E-copies of articles and e-subscriptions also grants for specific conferences and the like.
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