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Gabriela Mistral: Das Danças De Roda De Uma Professora Consulesa No

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Gabriela Mistral: Das Danças De Roda De Uma Professora Consulesa No CAROLA GABRIELA SEPÚLVEDA VÁSQUEZ “GABRIELA MISTRAL: DAS DANÇAS DE RODA DE UMA PROFESSORA CONSULESA NO BRASIL”. CAMPINAS 2014 i iii Ficha catalográfica Universidade Estadual de Campinas Biblioteca da Faculdade de Educação Rosemary Passos - CRB 8/5751 Sepúlveda Vásquez, Carola Gabriela, 1979- Se62g SepGabriela Mistral : das danças de roda de uma professora consulesa no Brasil / Carola Gabriela Sepúlveda Vásquez. – Campinas, SP : [s.n.], 2014. SepOrientador: Aline Vieira de Carvalho. SepCoorientador: Olga Rodrigues de Moraes von Simson. SepTese (doutorado) – Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação. Sep1. Mistral, Gabriela, 1889-1957. I. Carvalho, Aline Vieira de. II. Simson, Olga Rodrigues de Moraes von. III. Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação. IV. Título. Informações para Biblioteca Digital Título em outro idioma: Gabriela Mistral : of the round dances from a consul teacher in Brazil Palavras-chave em inglês: Mistral, Gabriela, 1889-1957 Área de concentração: Ciências Sociais na Educação Titulação: Doutora em Educação Banca examinadora: Aline Vieira de Carvalho [Orientador] Dislane Zerbinatti Moraes Susel Oliveira da Rosa Ana Carolina Arruda de Toledo Murgel Alexandro Henrique Paixão Data de defesa: 10-12-2014 Programa de Pós-Graduação: Educação iv Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) v RESUMO: A pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar a produção intelectual de Gabriela Mistral que circulou durante a etapa em que a autora desempenhou o cargo de consulesa do Chile no Brasil (1940-1945). A proposta busca compreender esta escrita como uma Roda onde Mistral conseguiu construir uma resistência que lhe permitiu viver sua experiência de autoexílio; unir pessoas, tempos e espaços e enviar mensagens educativas para se comunicar com sua comunidade imaginada da América Latina. Desde uma abordagem interdisciplinar que inclui a literatura, a história intelectual e a história da educação é que tento compreender as narrações de Mistral como cantos de Roda que incluíram diversas experiências, entre elas, o contato com a Ditadura e o Americanismo no Brasil, a Segunda Guerra mundial e o Projeto de chilenidade desenvolvido pelo seu amigo, Pedro Aguirre Cerda, Presidente do Chile. ABSTRACT: This investigation has as objective to analyze the intellectual production of Gabriela Mistral that circulated during the phase when the author performed the position of consul of Chile in Brazil (1940-1945). This proposal looks to comprehend this writing as a game of dancing in circles called “ronda”, where Mistral achieved to build a resistance that let her live her experience of self-exile; join people, times and spaces and send educative messages to communicate with her imagined community of Latin America. From an interdisciplinary approach which includes the literature, the intellectual history and the history of education, I attempt to understand Mistral’s narrations as songs of the dancing game of “ronda” that included differents experiences, among them, the contact with the vii Dictatorship and the Americanism in Brazil, the Second World War and the project of chilean identity developed by her friend, Pedro Aguirre Cerda, President of Chile. viii SUMÁRIO INTRODUÇÃO..........................................................................................................P.1 - DESSA MISTRAL OFICIAL ...................................................................................P.9 - GABRIELA MISTRAL: PROFESSORA, CONSULESA E INTÉRPRETE...........P.13 - DOS ACORDES........................................................................................................P.27 - DOS RITMOS............................................................................................................P.33 CAPÍTULO 1: DAS DANÇAS DE RODA DE GABRIELA MISTRAL..............P.35 1.1 “LA BAILARINA AHORA ESTÁ DANZANDO”: GABRIELA MISTRAL NO AUTOEXILIO………………………………………………………………………...P.35 1.2 DAS DANÇAS NA RODA...................................................................................P.42 1.3 DA ESCRITA NA RODA.....................................................................................P.50 CAPÍTULO 2: DAS NOTAS PRESENTES NAS RODAS....................................P.59 2.1 DOS SONS MODERNISTAS E “O PENSAMENTO DE AMÉRICA”...............P.59 2.2 COM TRILHA SONORA DE GUERRA E DITADURA.....................................P.72 2.3 DO DUETO EM CORO COM O PROFESSOR-PRESIDENTE DO CHILE......P.82 2.4 DOS PASSOS TRILHEROS PELO BRASIL.........................................................P.99 CAPITULO 3: RECADOS DE UMA PROFESSORA-CONSULESA...............P.110 3.1 NARRAR (SE)......................................................................................................P.110 3.2 SABERES QUE VEM DE LONGE....................................................................P.120 3.3 A CONTRA BOMBA: MENSAGENS EDUCATIVAS......................................P.138 ix A DIPLOMACIA ESPIRITUAL DE UMA PROFESSORA-CONSULESA: ALGUMAS REFLEXÕES......................................................................................P.154 BIBLIOGRAFIA.....................................................................................................P. 164 x Ao meu Danilo, pela experiência existencial de amor infinito (dos infinitos maiores) e por me presentear com seu companheirismo abençoado de “brasilidade”. A minha mãe, irmãos e sobrinhos pelo amor incondicional, pela presença permanente e por me ensinar que as fronteiras, de qualquer tipo, são sempre imaginadas. xi AGRADECIMENTOS E ADVERTÊNCIA AO LEITOR... 1 Ao terminar esta tese, sou infinitamente grata de todas as pessoas que acompanharam esta etapa. Agradeço a Aline por aceitar orientar este trabalho. Agradeço a acolhida, apoio, carinho, otimismo e todas as aprendizagens. A professora Olga por aceitar co-orientar este trabalho, pelo apoio e por contribuir com suas experiências e leituras a criação desta tese. A professora Dislane Zerbinatti Moraes pela inspiração, apoio carinhoso e leituras motivadoras em numerosos momentos, desde que me inscrevi como sua aluna em uma matéria da USP até nas bancas de qualificação e defesa. Muito obrigada por tudo! A Susel Oliveira da Rosa pela generosidade manifesta na leitura, comentários e sugestões e até na sua disposição para acompanhar o exame, tendo que para isso, recorrer alguns dos vários Brasis. A Ana Carolina Arruda de Toledo Murgel pela leitura e comentários provocadores, pela generosidade de suas apreciações e pela sensibilidade de seu trabalho, muito inspirador para a escrita desta tese. A Alexandro Henrique Paixão pela leitura atenciosa da tese e pelas interessantes e generosas observações e sugestões que me permitiram pensar novas leituras deste trabalho. Agradeço a todos (as) por me permitir por meio de suas colocações continuar pensando esta pesquisa. 1 Retomo o titulo do texto de Parra, “Advertencia al lector” (Parra, 1954). xiii Ao professor Roberto Goto quem integrou a banca de qualificação e contribuiu com suas colocações ao amadurecimento das reflexões que foram apresentadas no exame de defesa. Ao professor Pedro Paulo Funari pela sua generosidade, por me aceitar na sua disciplina no IFCH e por me aproximar da orientação da Aline. A professora Oresta López, admiradora sincera de Gabriela Mistral, quem tem acompanhado meu trabalho desde já alguns anos. Agradeço o carinho e o aprendido. A professora Clarice Nunes pela gentileza de disponibilizar seu relatório de pesquisa sobre Gabriela Mistral. Ao financiamento do Programa “Becas Chile” (CONICYT) por apoiar economicamente a realização do meu Doutorado. A FAEPEX (UNICAMP) por me apoiar com uma bolsa para participar de um Congresso no Chile e discutir os avanços de minha tese. Ao Arquivo Geral Histórico do Ministério de Relações Exteriores do Chile, ao Pedro Pablo Zegers, Diretor do Arquivo do Escritor da Biblioteca Nacional do Chile, aos funcionários da Biblioteca Central Municipal Gabriela Mistral de Petrópolis (RJ) e do Arquivo da Escola Normal Caetano de Campos (SP), pela amabilidade e disposição. Aos amigos que desde diferentes lugares acompanharam esta experiência. A Titiana Maldonado, Alvaro Colli, Sandra Ramos, Nima Spigolon, Juliana Basilio, Natalia Flores, Norma Ramos, Marcela Sánchez, Fernanda Oliveira, Isabel Cristina Naranjo, Benito Olivares, Milton Cerqueira, Hebert, Luiz Fernando, Gabriela Carnevale, María Rosa Brumat, Adrián Di Paolo, María Eugenia Lillo e Paola Cavieres. A Nadir Camacho pela disposição e carinho. Ao Alessandro pela amabilidade de fazer contribuições ao português do texto. xiv Agradeço especialmente a minha família: ao Danilo pelo apoio e amor imensos e por me acompanhar na escrita desta tese e de minha vida. A minha mãe, irmãos, sobrinhos, a Paulina, avós, tios (as) e primos (as) pela motivação e amor infinito, por apoiar minha vinda e estadia e por se desafiar a construir novos tipos de relacionamentos nessa distância. Agradeço também a meus irmãos por se transformarem em historiadores e sair na caça de arquivos e documentos no Chile, cada vez que eu precisei. A todos (as) que acompanharam a ideia da vinda ao Brasil e a escrita deste texto e desta experiência. A todos (as) os que foram companheiros (as) nesta Roda: Muchas gracias! Feito os agradecimentos, declaro-me responsável de todos os vazios que esta escrita pudesse apresentar em termos de conteúdo, estilo ou língua portuguesa e lembro de Nicanor Parra, anti-poeta chileno, quando dizia que: “El autor no responde de las molestias que puedan ocasionar sus escritos:/ Aunque le pese./ El lector tendrá
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