The Cycad Newsletter
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Comparative Biology of Cycad Pollen, Seed and Tissue - a Plant Conservation Perspective
Bot. Rev. (2018) 84:295–314 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12229-018-9203-z Comparative Biology of Cycad Pollen, Seed and Tissue - A Plant Conservation Perspective J. Nadarajan1,2 & E. E. Benson 3 & P. Xaba 4 & K. Harding3 & A. Lindstrom5 & J. Donaldson4 & C. E. Seal1 & D. Kamoga6 & E. M. G. Agoo7 & N. Li 8 & E. King9 & H. W. Pritchard1,10 1 Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Wakehurst Place, Ardingly, West Sussex RH17 6TN, UK; e-mail: [email protected] 2 The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd, Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; e-mail [email protected] 3 Damar Research Scientists, Damar, Cuparmuir, Fife KY15 5RJ, UK; e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] 4 South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden, Cape Town, Republic of South Africa; e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] 5 Nong Nooch Tropical Botanical Garden, Chonburi 20250, Thailand; e-mail: [email protected] 6 Joint Ethnobotanical Research Advocacy, P.O.Box 27901, Kampala, Uganda; e-mail: [email protected] 7 De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines; e-mail: [email protected] 8 Fairy Lake Botanic Garden, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; e-mail: [email protected] 9 UNEP-World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, UK; e-mail: [email protected] 10 Author for Correspondence; e-mail: [email protected] Published online: 5 July 2018 # The Author(s) 2018 Abstract Cycads are the most endangered of plant groups based on IUCN Red List assessments; all are in Appendix I or II of CITES, about 40% are within biodiversity ‘hotspots,’ and the call for action to improve their protection is long- standing. -
Zamiaceae, Cycadales) and Evolution in Cycadales
The complete chloroplast genome of Microcycas calocoma (Miq.) A. DC. (Zamiaceae, Cycadales) and evolution in Cycadales Aimee Caye G. Chang1,2,3, Qiang Lai1, Tao Chen2, Tieyao Tu1, Yunhua Wang2, Esperanza Maribel G. Agoo4, Jun Duan1 and Nan Li2 1 South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China 2 Shenzhen Fairy Lake Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China 3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 4 Department of Biology, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines ABSTRACT Cycadales is an extant group of seed plants occurring in subtropical and tropical regions comprising putatively three families and 10 genera. At least one complete plastid genome sequence has been reported for all of the 10 genera except Microcycas, making it an ideal plant group to conduct comprehensive plastome comparisons at the genus level. This article reports for the first time the plastid genome of Microcycas calocoma. The plastid genome has a length of 165,688 bp with 134 annotated genes including 86 protein-coding genes, 47 non-coding RNA genes (39 tRNA and eight rRNA) and one pseudogene. Using global sequence variation analysis, the results showed that all cycad genomes share highly similar genomic profiles indicating significant slow evolution and little variation. However, identity matrices coinciding with the inverted repeat regions showed fewer similarities indicating that higher polymorphic events occur at those sites. Conserved non-coding regions also appear to be more divergent whereas variations in the exons were less discernible indicating that the latter comprises more conserved sequences. Submitted 5 September 2019 Phylogenetic analysis using 81 concatenated protein-coding genes of chloroplast (cp) Accepted 27 November 2019 genomes, obtained using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference with high Published 13 January 2020 support values (>70% ML and = 1.0 BPP), confirms that Microcycas is closest to Corresponding authors Zamia and forms a monophyletic clade with Ceratozamia and Stangeria. -
View Or Download Issue
ISSN 2473-442X CONTENTS Message from Dr. Patrick Griffith, Co-chair, IUCN/SSC CSG 3 Official newsletter of IUCN/SSC Cycad Specialist Group Feature Articles Vol. IV I Issue 1 I October 2019 New report of Eumaeus (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) associated with Zamia boliviana, a cycad from Brazil and Bolivia 5 Rosane Segalla & Patrícia Morellato The Mexican National Cycad Collection 45 years on 7 Andrew P. Vovides, Carlos Iglesias & Miguel A. Pérez-Farrera Research and Conservation News Speciation processes in Mexican cycads: our research progress on the genus Dioon 10 José Said Gutiérrez-Ortega, María Magdalena Salinas-Rodrígue, Miguel Angel Pérez-Farrera & Andrew P. Vovides Cycad’s pollen germination and conservation in Thailand 12 Anders Lindstrom Ancestral characteristics in modern cycads 13 The Cycad Specialist Group (CSG) is a M. Ydelia Sánchez-Tinoco, Andrew P. Vovides & H. Araceli Zavaleta-Mancera component of the IUCN Species Payments for ecosystem services (PES). A new alternative for conservation of mexican Survival Commission (IUCN/SSC). It cycads. Ceratozamia norstogii a case study 16 consists of a group of volunteer experts addressing conservation Miguel A. Pérez-Farrera, Héctor Gómez-Dominguez, Ana V. Mandri-Rohen & issues related to cycads, a highly Andrómeda Rivera-Castañeda threatened group of land plants. The CSG exists to bring together the CSG Members 21 world’s cycad conservation expertise, and to disseminate this expertise to organizations and agencies which can use this guidance to advance cycad conservation. Official website of CSG: http://www.cycadgroup.org/ Co-Chairs John Donaldson Patrick Griffith Vice Chairs Michael Calonje All contributions published in Cycads are reviewed and edited by IUCN/SSC CSG Newsletter Committee and Cristina Lopez-Gallego members. -
A Rare Bipinnate Microsporophyll Attributable to the Cycadales, from the Late Triassic Chinle Formation, Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona
Parker, W. G, Ash. S. R. and lrrnis, R. B., eds.. 2006. A Century of Research at Petrified Forest National Park: Geology and Paleontology. 95 Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin No. 62. A RARE BIPINNATE MICROSPOROPHYLL ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE CYCADALES, FROM THE LATE TRIASSIC CHINLE FORMATION, PETRIFIED FOREST NATIONAL PARK, ARIZONA. JOAN WATSON1 AND SIDNEY R. ASH2 'Paleobotany Laboratory. Williamson Building. University of Manchester, M13 nPL,UK <[email protected]>, ^Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences. University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87120, USA <[email protected]> ABSTRACT —A single specimen collected in the Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona, from the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation, is the first bipinnate male sporophyll to be attributed to the order Cycadales. The sporophyll has a broad stalk, four sub-opposite pairs of first order pinnae and an apical pinna, all bearing short pinnules around their margins. Cuticle characters include: typically cycadalean epidermal cells; three types of trichomes, un-branched, branched, short conical; a haplocheilic stoma; monosulcate pollen. Putative pollen-sacs are compared with similar features in extant cycads which support the attribution. Androcycas gen. nov. is erected to accommodate the microsporangiate sporophyll as Androcycas santuccii sp. nov. Keywords: Triassic, Petrified Forest, Chinle Formation, Cycadales, microsporophyll INTRODUCTION resemblance to megasporophylls of the Cvcav-type (Fig. 3.2) and the specimen was recently figured (Watson and Cusack CYCADS ARE gymnospermous seed-plants with widespread 2005, fig. 78E), as the probable sterile distal part of such a but disjunct distribution in tropical, sub-tropical and wann tem megasporophyll. However, subsequent detailed study by light perate climates (see Jones, 2002, p. -
Gymnosperms from the Middle Triassic of Antarctica: the First Structurally Preserved Cycad Pollen Cone
Int. J. Plant Sci. 164(6):1007–1020. 2003. ᭧ 2003 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved. 1058-5893/2003/16406-0016$15.00 GYMNOSPERMS FROM THE MIDDLE TRIASSIC OF ANTARCTICA: THE FIRST STRUCTURALLY PRESERVED CYCAD POLLEN CONE Sharon D. Klavins,* Edith L. Taylor,* Michael Krings,† and Thomas N. Taylor* *Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7534, U.S.A.; and †Bayerische Staatssammlung fu¨r Pala¨ontologie und Geologie, Funktionseinheit Pala¨ontologie, Richard-Wagner-Strasse 10, 80333 Munich, Germany The first permineralized cycad pollen cone is described from the lower Middle Triassic of Antarctica. The cone is characterized by helically arranged, wedge-shaped microsporophylls, each with five or more spinelike projections extending from the rhomboid distal face. The vascular cylinder is dissected and produces paired traces to each microsporophyll. Three vascular bundles enter the base of the microsporophyll and divide to produce at least five vascular strands in the sporophyll lamina. Pollen sacs occur in two radial clusters near the lateral margins on the abaxial surface of the microsporophyll. Each cluster bears up to eight elongate pollen sacs that are fused for approximately half their length and display longitudinal dehiscence. Pollen sacs are sessile and attached to a vascularized, receptacle-like pad of tissue that is raised from the surface of the microsporophyll. Pollen is ovoid, psilate, and monosulcate. Although the affinities of this cone with the Cycadales are obvious, the complement of characters in the fossil is unique and thus does not permit assignment to an extant family. -
A New Cycad Stem from the Cretaceous in Argentina and Its Phylogenetic Relationships with Other Cycadales
bs_bs_banner Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 170, 436–458. With 6 figures A new cycad stem from the Cretaceous in Argentina and its phylogenetic relationships with other Cycadales LEANDRO CARLOS ALCIDES MARTÍNEZ1,2*, ANALÍA EMILIA EVA ARTABE2 and JOSEFINA BODNAR2 1División Paleobotánica, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘Bernardino Rivadavia’, Avda, Ángel Gallardo 470, Buenos Aires 1405, Argentina 2Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, División Paleobotánica, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n, La Plata 1900, Argentina Received 30 October 2011; revised 28 May 2012; accepted for publication 7 August 2012 The cycads are an ancient group of seed plants. Fossil stems assigned to the Cycadales are, however, rare and few descriptions of them exist. Here, a new genus of cycad stem, Wintucycas gen. nov., is described on the basis of specimens found in the Allen Formation (Upper Cretaceous) at the Salitral Ojo de Agua locality, Río Negro Province, Argentina. The most remarkable features of Wintucyas are: a columnar stem with persistent leaf bases, absence of cataphylls, a wide pith, medullary vascular bundles, mucilage canals and idioblasts; a polyxylic vascular cylinder; inverted xylem; and manoxylic wood. The new genus was included in a phylogenetic analysis and its relationships with fossil and extant genera of Cycadales were examined. In the resulting phylogenetic hypothesis, Wintucycas is circumscribed to subfamily Encephalartoideae, supporting the existence of a greater diversity of this group in South America during the Cretaceous. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 170, 436–458. ADDITIONAL KEYWORDS: Allen Formation – anatomy – Neuquén Basin – Patagonia – phylogeny – South America – systematics. -
Fossil Cycads
ABriefReviewof The Fossil Cycads by RobertBuckley Illustationsby: DouglasHenderson, JohnSibbick &MarkHallett Pseudoctenis-type Cycadales and a Cycadeoid, Douglas Henderson Early Jurassic 1 1 Acknowledgements Douglas Henderson This publication has been prepared and donated to the Palm and Cycad Society of Florida, http://www.plantapalm.com as an overview of the fossil record of the Cycadales and is for informational purposes only. All photos, drawings and paintings are the property of and copyright by their respective photographers and artists. They are presented here to promote wider recognition of each artist’s work. Talented technical artists too often go under appreciated, as they follow in the footsteps of Charles R. Knight and others who recreate the magic of lost worlds with their paintings. Cycads in art are also often relegated to the backgrounds, yet equal care is lavished on these reconstructions as is on the dinosaurian stars of the scene. This article brings some of these supporting players out of the shadows. Books cited are available from http://www.amazon.com. Visit the Palm and Cycad Society’s web site and you will find a listing of books relating to palms and cycads, and a link to amazon.com. Distribution of this document for profit is prohibited. This is simply an overview since a systematic study of the fossil cycads has yet to be performed. Any errors or misconceptions in Ichthyostega, an early adventurer onto land in the first forests. the information presented here are those of the author. Devonian Period Robert Buckley August, 1999. 2 2 TheArtists Douglas Henderson His intense use of light and shadow, creative views, and brooding curtains of haze and mist allow Douglas Henderson’s work to capture a real sense of environment. -
Dioon Spinulosum, Family Zamiaceae
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 10(12), pp 075-082, December, 2020 Available online at http://www.japsonline.com DOI: 10.7324/JAPS.2020.101210 ISSN 2231-3354 Cytotoxicity and chromatographic analysis of Dioon spinulosum, family Zamiaceae Marwa Elghondakly1, Abeer Moawad2*, Mona Hetta3 1Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt. 2Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt. 3Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University; Fayoum, 63514, Egypt. ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Received on: 23/04/2020 The identification of cytotoxic secondary metabolites fromDioon spinulosum Dyer ex. leaves was our aim. Thus, the Accepted on: 13/09/2020 evaluation of the cytotoxic activity of the total alcohol extract and successive fractions [n-hexane, dichloromethane Available online: 05/12/2020 (DCM), ethyl acetate, and n-butanol] against endocervix carcinoma (HeLa) and breast cancer (MCF7) cell lines was carried out using the sulforhodamine B assay. Identifying and authenticating D. spinulosum Dyer by DNA fingerprinting were carried out using Start Codon Translation (SCoT) and Inter simple Sequence Repeat, and revealed Key words: that SCoT4, SCoT6, SCoT8, HB-9, and HB-14 can be used for the identification ofD. spinulosum at the genetic level. Dioon spinulosum, Chromatographic analysis and isolation, followed by the spectroscopic detection of the isolated compounds, were endocervix carcinoma, achieved by using various spectroscopic techniques. The following five compounds were isolated: β-sitosterol 1( ), breast cancer, biflavonoids, 7,7'',4',4'''-O-tetra-methylamentoflavone 2( ), sciadopitysin (3), amentoflavone 4( ), and aromadendrin (5). Compounds aromadendrin, DNA analysis. 1 and 5 were obtained for the first time from the titled plant. -
Evolutionary Genetics of the Genus Zamia (Zamiaceae, Cycadales)
Florida International University FIU Digital Commons FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations University Graduate School 11-5-2019 Evolutionary Genetics of the Genus Zamia (Zamiaceae, Cycadales) Michael Calonje [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd Part of the Biodiversity Commons, Botany Commons, Genetics Commons, Molecular Genetics Commons, and the Plant Biology Commons Recommended Citation Calonje, Michael, "Evolutionary Genetics of the Genus Zamia (Zamiaceae, Cycadales)" (2019). FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 4340. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/4340 This work is brought to you for free and open access by the University Graduate School at FIU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of FIU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY Miami, Florida EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS OF THE GENUS ZAMIA (ZAMIACEAE, CYCADALES) A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in BIOLOGY b y Michael Calonje Bazar 2019 To: Dean Michael R. Heithaus College of Arts, Sciences, and Education This dissertation, written by Michael Calonje Bazar, and entitled Evolutionary Genetics of the Genus Zamia (Zamiaceae, Cycadales), having been approved in respect to style and intellectual content, is referred to you for judgment. We have read this dissertation and recommend that it be approved. _______________________________________ Timothy M. Collins _______________________________________ M. Patrick Griffith _______________________________________ Hong Liu _______________________________________ Alan W. Meerow _______________________________________ Jennifer H. Richards _______________________________________ Andrew P. Vovides _______________________________________ Javier Francisco-Ortega, Major Professor Date of Defense: November 5, 2019 The dissertation of Michael Calonje Bazar is approved. -
Integrating Biogeography, Threat and Evolutionary Data to Explore Extinction Crisis in the Taxonomic Group of Cycads
Integrating biogeography, threat and evolutionary data to explore extinction crisis in the taxonomic group of cycads The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Yessoufou, Kowiyou, Barnabas H. Daru, Respinah Tafirei, Hosam O. Elansary, and Isaac Rampedi. 2017. “Integrating biogeography, threat and evolutionary data to explore extinction crisis in the taxonomic group of cycads.” Ecology and Evolution 7 (8): 2735-2746. doi:10.1002/ece3.2660. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2660. Published Version doi:10.1002/ece3.2660 Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:32630686 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Received: 11 May 2016 | Revised: 30 September 2016 | Accepted: 8 November 2016 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2660 ORIGINAL RESEARCH Integrating biogeography, threat and evolutionary data to explore extinction crisis in the taxonomic group of cycads Kowiyou Yessoufou1 | Barnabas H. Daru2,3 | Respinah Tafirei1 | Hosam O. Elansary4 | Isaac Rampedi1 1Department of Geography, Environmental Management and Energy Studies, University Abstract of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa Will the ongoing extinction crisis cause a severe loss of evolutionary information 2 Department of Organismic and Evolutionary accumulated over millions of years on the tree of life? This question has been largely Biology and Harvard University Herbaria, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, explored, particularly for vertebrates and angiosperms. -
Cycads in the South 'Florida Landscape'
Cycads in the South ‘Florida Landscape’ JODY L. HAYNES Introduction that receive no more than a couple of inches of rain per year. Cycads are ancient, palm-like, evergreen gymnosperms (cone-bearing plants) of the Dioon edule is probably the most cold-hardy of Division Cycadophyta. Represented by three all the cycads. In the 1989 freeze, parts of families—Cycadaceae, Stangeriaceae, and Zami- Lakeland, FL, got down to 17°F. Most king aceae—the cycads are composed of approxi- sagos were completely defoliated, while D. edule mately 200 species in 11 genera—Bowenia, plants only experienced tip burn. Ceratozamia, Chigua, Cycas, Dioon, Encepha- lartos, Lepidozamia, Macrozamia, Microcycas, Many cycads are also salt tolerant. For example, Stangeria, and Zamia. in a particular habitat in Mexico, Dioon plants hang over a cliff and are constantly assaulted Although many cycads superficially resemble with salt spray from the Gulf of Mexico. palms, these two groups of plants are in no way related. In fact, cycads are more closely related With our sand- and limestone-based soils here in to pine trees than to palms. During the age of the south Florida, it can be difficult to grow some dinosaurs cycads were the most abundant plants types of plants. However, the majority of cycads on Earth, whereas palms did not show up on thrive here. As a result, cycads make perfect, Earth for another 150 million years. easy to maintain plants for our landscapes. In fact, one cycad species is native to Florida. The Cycads are dioecious plants, which means that common name for the plant is "coontie", which there are separate male and female plants. -
M23 Tree History Workbook Pub 2018
TREETREE HISTORYHISTORY WORKBOOKWORKBOOK by Dr. Kim D. Coder, Professor of Tree Biology & Health Care Warnell School of Forestry & Natural Resources, University of Georgia 3rd 2nd tree development 1st 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 time (millions of years before present) Dr. Kim D. Coder, Warnell School, University of Georgia 1 This workbook is an educational product designed for helping people interested in trees to appreciate and understand how modern trees developed across long time periods. This product is a synthesis and integration of research and educational concepts regarding tree evolution and species inception. This educational workbook was designed for awareness building and foundation training of professional tree health care providers. At the time it was finished, this workbook contained educational materials and models concerning tree development thought by the author to provide the best means for considering the most basic understandings of time impacts on tree species creation, extinction, and tree biological and mechanical fundamentals. The University of Georgia, the Warnell School of Forestry & Natural Resources, and the author are not responsible for any errors, omissions, misinterpretations, or misapplications stemming from this educational product. The author assumed all users would have some basic tree biological, structural, and ecological background. This product was not designed, nor is suited, as a literature or research review. Please use the selected literature section at the back of this workbook to find scientific sources. This publication is copyrighted by the author. This educational product is only for noncommercial, nonprofit use and may not be copied or reproduced in whole or in part, by any means, in any format, or in any media including electronic forms, without explicit written permission of the author.