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The Salt Marsh Harvest Mouse
Chapter 2 ENDANGERED SPECIES AND DEVELOPMENT: THE SALT MARSH HARVEST MOUSE Erin Mahaney r Introduction Who cares about a mouse? The seemingly unimportant plight of one small mouse in the San Francisco Bay Area is but a reflection of a growing global crisis. The rapid increase in extinction rates and the ensuing decline of biological diversity is a serious threat worldwide. The case of the salt marsh harvest mouse (Reithrodontomys raviventris) is an example of these problems on a much smaller fand more familiar scale. This study focuses specifically upon the mouse and its status in non-tidal wetlands in southern San Francisco Bay. _^ The salt marsh harvest mouse (SMHM) is a Bay Area endemic species uniquely adapted to the saline environments found in brackish and salt marshes. These rapidly disappearing tidal wetlands, which are one of the richest and most productive environments in the world, have been reduced in the San Francisco Bay estuary by an estimated 95 percent since the California Gold Rush (Atwater et al., 1979). This reduction of the SMHM's historic habitat, primarily through landfill, hydraulic mining (which had the most effect in San Pablo Bay), diking, and a shift in salt balance (resulting from input of freshwater from sewage treatment plants), is the principal reason for the species' endangered status (USFWS, 1984). Further development of the wetland areas is the primary threat to the mouse's survival. There are indications that non-tidal habitats, such as those behind diked levees, may be —• increasingly important to the SMHM as the tidal wetlands are developed (Botti et al_., 1986; Zetter- quist, 1977). -
Section 3.4 Biological Resources 3.4- Biological Resources
SECTION 3.4 BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES 3.4- BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES 3.4 BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES This section discusses the existing sensitive biological resources of the San Francisco Bay Estuary (the Estuary) that could be affected by project-related construction and locally increased levels of boating use, identifies potential impacts to those resources, and recommends mitigation strategies to reduce or eliminate those impacts. The Initial Study for this project identified potentially significant impacts on shorebirds and rafting waterbirds, marine mammals (harbor seals), and wetlands habitats and species. The potential for spread of invasive species also was identified as a possible impact. 3.4.1 BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES SETTING HABITATS WITHIN AND AROUND SAN FRANCISCO ESTUARY The vegetation and wildlife of bayland environments varies among geographic subregions in the bay (Figure 3.4-1), and also with the predominant land uses: urban (commercial, residential, industrial/port), urban/wildland interface, rural, and agricultural. For the purposes of discussion of biological resources, the Estuary is divided into Suisun Bay, San Pablo Bay, Central San Francisco Bay, and South San Francisco Bay (See Figure 3.4-2). The general landscape structure of the Estuary’s vegetation and habitats within the geographic scope of the WT is described below. URBAN SHORELINES Urban shorelines in the San Francisco Estuary are generally formed by artificial fill and structures armored with revetments, seawalls, rip-rap, pilings, and other structures. Waterways and embayments adjacent to urban shores are often dredged. With some important exceptions, tidal wetland vegetation and habitats adjacent to urban shores are often formed on steep slopes, and are relatively recently formed (historic infilled sediment) in narrow strips. -
Dunphy Park / Cass Gidley Marina
1 San Francisco Bay Area Water Trail Site Description for Dunphy Park / Cass Gidley Marina Location, Ownership, and Management: Dunphy Park is a shoreline park owned and managed by the City of Sausalito. The small beach within the park has long served as a popular launch for paddling on Richardson Bay, to Angel Island, and beyond. The historic Cass Gidley Marina is located along the northern side of the park. Dunphy Park is currently undergoing major renovations anticipated to be completed in 2020. Similarly, the Cass Gidley Marina is being redeveloped into the Sausalito Community Boating Center, which will provide access for paddlers and programs for small sailing craft. Contact Name: Mike Langford, Parks and Recreation Director Contact Phone: (415) 289-4126 Contact E-mail: [email protected] Dunphy Park Beach (2019) Dunphy Park Beach (2005) Cass Gidley Marina Facility Description: The non-motorized small boat (NMSB) community has long used the beach at Dunphy Park for launching and landing. Historically, users would park in the unpaved parking area and use adjacent lawn areas to laydown equipment before launching from the small beach. Dunphy Park is currently being redesigned (Fall 2019), which will include improved water access facilities. As part of the Dunphy Park redesign, an ADA ramp and path of travel for beach access will be installed. Steps down to the shoreline will also be provided adjacent to the ramp. Additionally, new ADA restrooms will replace existing portables and parking will be reconfigured to expand capacity and allow better flow. A boat washdown and drinking fountain will also be installed. -
Mammal Species Native to the USA and Canada for Which the MIL Has an Image (296) 31 July 2021
Mammal species native to the USA and Canada for which the MIL has an image (296) 31 July 2021 ARTIODACTYLA (includes CETACEA) (38) ANTILOCAPRIDAE - pronghorns Antilocapra americana - Pronghorn BALAENIDAE - bowheads and right whales 1. Balaena mysticetus – Bowhead Whale BALAENOPTERIDAE -rorqual whales 1. Balaenoptera acutorostrata – Common Minke Whale 2. Balaenoptera borealis - Sei Whale 3. Balaenoptera brydei - Bryde’s Whale 4. Balaenoptera musculus - Blue Whale 5. Balaenoptera physalus - Fin Whale 6. Eschrichtius robustus - Gray Whale 7. Megaptera novaeangliae - Humpback Whale BOVIDAE - cattle, sheep, goats, and antelopes 1. Bos bison - American Bison 2. Oreamnos americanus - Mountain Goat 3. Ovibos moschatus - Muskox 4. Ovis canadensis - Bighorn Sheep 5. Ovis dalli - Thinhorn Sheep CERVIDAE - deer 1. Alces alces - Moose 2. Cervus canadensis - Wapiti (Elk) 3. Odocoileus hemionus - Mule Deer 4. Odocoileus virginianus - White-tailed Deer 5. Rangifer tarandus -Caribou DELPHINIDAE - ocean dolphins 1. Delphinus delphis - Common Dolphin 2. Globicephala macrorhynchus - Short-finned Pilot Whale 3. Grampus griseus - Risso's Dolphin 4. Lagenorhynchus albirostris - White-beaked Dolphin 5. Lissodelphis borealis - Northern Right-whale Dolphin 6. Orcinus orca - Killer Whale 7. Peponocephala electra - Melon-headed Whale 8. Pseudorca crassidens - False Killer Whale 9. Sagmatias obliquidens - Pacific White-sided Dolphin 10. Stenella coeruleoalba - Striped Dolphin 11. Stenella frontalis – Atlantic Spotted Dolphin 12. Steno bredanensis - Rough-toothed Dolphin 13. Tursiops truncatus - Common Bottlenose Dolphin MONODONTIDAE - narwhals, belugas 1. Delphinapterus leucas - Beluga 2. Monodon monoceros - Narwhal PHOCOENIDAE - porpoises 1. Phocoena phocoena - Harbor Porpoise 2. Phocoenoides dalli - Dall’s Porpoise PHYSETERIDAE - sperm whales Physeter macrocephalus – Sperm Whale TAYASSUIDAE - peccaries Dicotyles tajacu - Collared Peccary CARNIVORA (48) CANIDAE - dogs 1. Canis latrans - Coyote 2. -
Chapter 4 Problem Formulation
Chapter 4 Problem Formulation What’s Covered in Chapter 4: ó Exposure Setting Characterization ó Food Web Development ó Selecting Assessment Endpoints ó Identifying Measures of Effect Problem formulation establishes the exposure setting used as the basis for exposure analysis and risk characterization. Problem formulation includes (1) characterization of the exposure setting for identification of potentially exposed habitats in the assessment area (Section 4.1); (2) development of food webs representative of the habitats to be evaluated (Section 4.2); (3) selection of assessment endpoints relevant to food web structure and function (Section 4.3); and (4) identification of measurement receptors (Section 4.4). 4.1 EXPOSURE SETTING CHARACTERIZATION Exposure setting characterization is important in the identification of habitats consisting of ecological receptors in the assessment area that may be impacted as a result of exposure to compounds emitted from a facility. Ecological receptors within a potentially impacted habitat can be evaluated through consideration of the combination of exposure pathways to which ecological receptors representing a habitat-specific food web may be exposed to a compound. The habitats identified to be evaluated are selected based on existing habitats surrounding the facility (see Section 4.1.1); and also support which habitat-specific food webs are evaluated in risk characterization. Consideration of ecological receptors representative of the habitats also provides the basis for selecting measurement receptors, -
Surveying for the Salt Marsh Harvest Mouse [Reithrodontomys Raviventris}, California Vole (Microtus Californicus) and Other Small Mammals
Wetlands Regional Monitoring Program Plan 2002 1 Part 2: Data Collection Protocols Special-Status Species: Salt Marsh Harvest Mouse Data Collection Protocols Surveying for the Salt Marsh Harvest Mouse [Reithrodontomys raviventris}, California Vole (Microtus californicus) and Other Small Mammals Random Sampling Protocol Gretchen E. Padgett-Flohr Rana Resources Fremont CA Non-random (grid-based) Survey Protocol Howard Shellhammer, Professor Emeritus Department of Biological Sciences San Jose State University Photo by W. Geissel Introduction The salt marsh harvest mouse (Reithrodontomys raviventris) (SMHM) is a small rodent endemic to the marshes of the greater San Francisco Bay and the Napa, Petaluma, San Pablo and Suisun Bay salt marshes. The salt marsh harvest mouse is considered to be a keystone species in tidal and brackish marsh habitats as SMHM populations succeed best in complete, healthy marsh ecosystems and decrease in numbers or are extirpated in human-altered marshes. Salt marsh harvest mouse populations are negatively affected by WRMP Version 1 June 2002 2 Wetlands Regional Monitoring Program Plan 2002 Part 2: Data Collection Protocols Special-Status Species: Salt Marsh Harvest Mouse factors such as the elimination of upland marsh habitat- areas that provide refugia during high tides (Shellhammer, 1989). Habitat destruction and modification since the early 1900’s resulted in the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) listing the SMHM as Endangered on October 13, 1970. The State of California followed suit on June 27, 1971 when the California Department of Fish and Game (DFG) granted the SMHM Fully Protected status. The listing of Reithrodontomys raviventris currently consists of two subspecies: Reithrodontomys raviventris raviventris (the Southern subspecies) and Reithrodontomys raviventris halicoetes (the Northern subspecies). -
SALT MARSH HARVEST MOUSE Reithrodontomys Raviventris
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Sacramento Fish & Wildlife Office Species Account SALT MARSH HARVEST MOUSE Reithrodontomys raviventris CLASSIFICATION: Endangered Federal Register 35:16047 ; October 13, 1970 http://ecos.fws.gov/docs/federal_register/fr27. pdf STATE LISTING STATUS: Listed as an endangered species in 1971. CRITICAL HABITAT: None designated RECOVERY PLAN: FINAL Draft Recovery Plan for Tidal Marsh Ecosystems of Northern and Central California edocket.access.gpo.gov/2010/2010-2279.htm Salt Marsh Harvest Mouse edocket.access.gpo.gov/2010/pdf/2010- Valary Bloom, USFWS 2279.pdf (52 KB) 5-YEAR REVIEW: Completed February 2010. No change recommended. http://www.fws.gov/ecos/ajax/docs/five_year_review/doc3221.pdf (853 KB) DESCRIPTION The salt marsh harvest mouse ( Reithrodontomys raviventris ), also known as the "red-bellied harvest mouse," is a small native rodent in the Cricetidae family, which includes field mice, lemmings, muskrats, hamsters and gerbils. There are two subspecies: the northern ( R. r. halicoetes ) and southern ( R. r. raviventris ). The northern subspecies lives in the marshes of the San Pablo and Suisun bays, the southern in the marshes of Corte Madera, Richmond and South San Francisco Bay. (See field identification below) The scientific name Reithrodontomys raviventris means "grooved-toothed mouse with a red belly." Both subspecies do have grooved upper front teeth but generally only the southern subspecies has a cinnamon- or rufous-colored belly. Salt marsh harvest mice are critically dependent on dense cover and their preferred habitat is pickleweed (Salicornia virginica). Harvest mice are seldom found in cordgrass or alkali bulrush. In marshes with an upper zone of peripheral halophytes (salt-tolerant plants), mice use this vegetation to escape the higher tides, and may even spend a considerable portion of their lives there. -
SAN FRANCISCO BAY CONSERVATION and DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION May 22, 2007 San Francisco Bay Area Water Trail Steering Committ
SAN FRANCISCO BAY CONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION 50 California Street • Suite 2600 • San Francisco, California 94111 • (415) 352-3600 • FAX: (415) 352-3606 • www.bcdc.ca.gov May 22, 2007 TO: San Francisco Bay Area Water Trail Steering Committee and Interested Parties FROM: Sara Polgar, Water Trail Project Manager (415/352-3645 [email protected]) SUBJECT: DRAFT San Francisco Bay Area Water Trail Plan (Comments due by 5:00 p.m., June 19, 2007.) Introduction The enclosed draft Water Trail Plan (Plan) describes policies, guidelines and procedures for implementation of the San Francisco Bay Area Water Trail. Staff is seeking comment on the draft Plan by June 19, 2007, 5:00 p.m. Comments should be submitted to Sara Polgar via email ([email protected]) or mailed to her attention at 50 California Street, Suite 2600, San Francisco, CA 94111. Feedback and corrections to the draft Plan will be incorporated, and a revised draft of the plan will be sent to interested parties in July. Staff will present the revised San Francisco Bay Area Water Trail Plan to the BCDC Commission (July 19, 2007) and the California Coastal Conservancy Board (date TBD). These meetings will be open to the public. For more information about these meetings, visit the BCDC website (www.bcdc.ca.gov) or the Coastal Conservancy website (www.scc.ca.gov). For more information or a hard copy of the draft Plan, contact Sara Polgar. San Francisco Bay Area Water Trail Plan: DRAFT Table of Contents Figures and Tables ..........................................................................................................2 Purpose and Organization of the Plan ........................................................................3 1. -
SALT MARSH HARVEST MOUSE Reithrodontomys Raviventris USFWS: Endangered CDFG: Endangered
LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. PUBLIC DRAFT SOLANO HCP JULY 2012 SOLANO COUNTY WATER AGENCY NATURAL COMMUNITY AND SPECIES ACCOUNTS SALT MARSH HARVEST MOUSE Reithrodontomys raviventris USFWS: Endangered CDFG: Endangered Species Account Status and Description. The salt marsh harvest mouse was listed as a Federally Endangered Species in 1970 (Federal Register 35:16047) and a California state listed Endangered Species in 1971. Salt marsh harvest mice are divided into two subspecies: R..r. raviventris in Corte Madera, Richmond and the southern portion of San Francisco Bay and R.r. halicoetes in the San Pablo and Suisun bays. The salt marsh harvest mouse is similar to the western harvest mouse, R. megalotis, in that it has a long tail, large ears, grooves in the outer surface of its upper incisors, and buff or brownish in color. The underside of the western harvest mouse, including its tail, ranges from white to dark gray. The underside of the salt marsh harvest mouse is quite variable ranging from white to a cinnamon- or rufous-colored belly. The coloration of the other parts of each of these species is buff or brown. The backs and ears of the salt marsh harvest mouse tend to be darker and the tails of the salt marsh species tend to be slightly thicker, less pointed, and more unicolored (USFWS 1999). The western harvest mouse is considered to be the progenitor of the salt marsh harvest mouse (Fisler 1965). Adult salt marsh harvest mice are 118-175 millimeters in length and weigh between 8 and 12 grams. Range, Populations and Activity. The historic range of the salt marsh harvest mice most likely included much of the marshland in the San Francisco Bay Area. -
UC Davis San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science
UC Davis San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science Title Toward Salt Marsh Harvest Mouse Recovery: A Review Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2w06369x Journal San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science, 16(2) ISSN 1546-2366 Authors Smith, Katherine R. Riley, Melissa K. Barthman–Thompson, Laureen et al. Publication Date 2018 DOI 10.15447/sfews.2018v16iss2art2 Supplemental Material https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2w06369x#supplemental License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 4.0 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California AUGUST 2018 RESEARCH Toward Salt Marsh Harvest Mouse Recovery: A Review Katherine R. Smith1,2, Melissa K. Riley2, Laureen Barthman–Thompson2, Isa Woo3, Mark J. Statham4, Sarah Estrella2, and Douglas A. Kelt1 and demographics, population dynamics, and Volume 16, Issue 2 | Article 2 https://doi.org/10.15447/sfews.2018v16iss2art2 behavior and community interactions; and present an overview of threats to the species. Our review * Corresponding author: [email protected] indicates that substantial data gaps exist; although 1 University of California, Davis some aspects of SMHM ecology, such as habitat use, Department of Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology Davis, CA 95616 USA have been addressed extensively, others, such as the 2 Suisun Marsh Unit effects of environmental contamination, are largely California Department of Fish and Wildlife unaddressed. We suggest that conservation and Stockton, CA 95206 USA restoration-planning processes consider experimental 3 San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Station approaches within restoration designs to address Western Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey these deficiencies. Continued investment in basic and Vallejo, CA 94592 USA applied SMHM ecology to collect baseline and long- 4 Veterinary Genetics Laboratory Mammalian Ecology and Conservation Unit term data will also be beneficial. -
In This Issue…
Page 1 THE QUIET HAILER October 2010 October 2010 Encouraging education, boating safety, and enjoyment of Sea Ray Boats In this issue. • Officers Reports • Schedule of important events • Bay Cruise report and Photos • Director reports • Upcoming cruise information • Ed and Tech interviews I.B. Wally The QUIET HAILER is a monthly publication of the Sea Ray Boat Club of Northern California Editor: Ernie Macintyre [email protected] Phone(925) 813 0996 Page 2 THE QUIET HAILER October 2010 The Sea Ray Boat Club of Northern California Visit our website at www.srbcnc.org 2010 Calendar of Events Dates Event Location Cruise Leaders January 23-24 Change of Watch Village West Y.C. Roger & Sheila Kelly February 19-21 President's Day Cruise San Joaquin Y.C. Ernie & Dana Macintyre March 20-21 Grinder's Cruise Grindstone Joe's Rick & Judee Myers April 23-25 Asparagus Festival Stocton Waterfront Jason & Heidi Hallenberg May 29-31 Memorial Day American River Rick & Judee Myers May 15 May General meeting Happy Harbour Jim Cupples June 18-20 Mountain William Cruise Locke Slough Kent & Katie Higgins July 3-4 Hilton Fireworks Mandeville Tip Denny & Micki Jensen July 17 July General meeting Willow Berm (Sandy Beach) Jim Cupples August 7-8 Devil's Cruise Little Mandeville Geoge & Linda Overose September 4-6 Circle Cruise Mildred Island Paul & Joanne Sharps October 2-10 Bay Cruise San Francisco Bay Jude & Laura Miller October 29-31 Halloween Cruise Caliente Isle Y.C. Dick & Amelia Wareham November 6 SRBCNC Roast Spindrift Bruce Curley November 26-28 After Thanksgiving Cruise Village West Y.C. -
Biological Resources Technical Report Point Eden U-Haul Development Project Hayward, Alameda County, California
REVISED BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT POINT EDEN U-HAUL DEVELOPMENT PROJECT AYWARD LAMEDA OUNTY ALIFORNIA H , A C , C Prepared for: Prepared by: U-HAUL, 815 Marketing Company WRA, Inc. 8000 San Leandro Street 2169-G East Francisco Boulevard Oakland, California 94621 San Rafael, CA 94901 Attn: Jerry Owen, President Attn: Hope Kingma [email protected] [email protected] WRA #30134 SEPTEMBER 2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................1 1.1 Overview and Purpose ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Project Description .............................................................................................................................. 1 2.0 REGULATORY BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................5 2.1 Federal and State Regulatory Setting ................................................................................................. 5 2.1.1 Vegetation and Aquatic Communities ......................................................................................... 5 2.1.2 Special-status Species .................................................................................................................. 6 2.2 Local Regulatory Setting ....................................................................................................................