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Flavor Properties of FEMA GRAS List 26 Flavor Chemicals Flavor Properties of FEMA GRAS List 26 T-1. FEMA GRAS 26 descriptions and structures (Cont.) Flavor Chemicals FEMA# CAS# Name Description Structure Containing Menthol,” assigned to Symrise, the use of dl-isomenthol A preliminary assessment. in various menthol mixtures has been shown to lower their melting point. In addition, the John Leffingwell and Diane Leffingwell, Leffingwell & Associates organoleptic perception is acceptable or improved at the levels used. he Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association released its GRAS 26 list in 2013. Here, the authors present a table of 4730 1241905- Ethyl S-(1- Flavor description: Sulfury, the ingredients, descriptions and structures, where available (T-1). 19-0 methoxyhexan-3- blackcurrant, tropical, roasted —Editor T yl)carbonothioate; coffee; effective in coffee. O-ethyl S-(1- Odor description: Mushroom, T-1. FEMA GRAS 26 descriptions and structures methoxyhexan-3- herbaceous, slightly cacao yl) carbonothioate connation. This material is FEMA# CAS# Name Description Structure the subject of WIPO Patent Application WO/2010/115920, 4728 57817- Glucosyl steviol Natural low calorie sweetener and Not available. Complex mixture of stevia “Carbonothioates as Flavours 89-7 glycosides; flavor enhancer. Glucosyl steviol extract glucosides. and Fragrances” (10/14/2010) by stevia extract, glycosides are a complex mixture of Klaus Gassenmeier, assigned to enzymatically glucosides prepared by enzymatically Givaudan. modified modifying stevia extract to increase/ a change the degree of glycosylation. 4731 871465- Cassyrane; In U.S. Patent 7,632,790 (Dec. 15, In United States Patent 8318459 49-5 2-tert-butyl-5- 2009) by Philip Kraft and assigned (Nov. 27, 2012) by Avetik Markosyan methyl-2-propyl- to Givaudan, this material’s titled “Glucosyl stevia composition” 2,5-dihydrofuran odor description is as follows: (assigned to PureCircle USA), it blackcurrant, natural, rich, is demonstrated that improved eucalyptus buds, anise, buchu b sweetness profiles can be achieved. leaves, slightly green. In WIPO Patent Application WO2012128775 by Siddhartha 4732 83861- 1,5-Octadien-3-ol; Mixture of E/Z stereoisomers Purkayastha, “Glucosylated Steviol 74-9 octa-1,5-dien-3-ol with 60–90% (E). The material Glycoside Composition as a Taste possesses earthy, mushroom, and Flavor Enhancer” (assigned green, geranium leaf and to PureCircle USA), and WIPO marine notes. Boelens (PMP Patent Application WO2012129451 2001, “Database of Perfumery by Siddhartha Purkayastha, Materials & Performance”) “Glucosylated Steviol Glycoside indicates: dusty, somewhat Composition as a Taste and Flavor earthy, mushroom-like odor. Modifier” (assigned to PureCircle Delort et al. have described (Z)- USA), the use of the materials in 1,5-octadien-3-ol’s orthonasal modifying the flavor profiles of odor as green, marine, slightly various products is described. mushroom and strong, and its retronasal odor (10 ppm) as 4729 3623- Isomenthol; (-)-Menthol has considerably more floral, green, geranium leaf, crustaceous, mushroom and 52-7 dl-isomenthol; cooling power than dl-isomenthol 1 (±)-isomenthol alone. dl-Isomenthol features a metallic. somewhat musty, woody camphoric odor. However, in U.S. Patent 8496950 4733 1006684- 2-Mercapto-4- Flavor description: fruity, tropical, (July 30, 2013) by Klaus Sorge, Hubert 20-3 heptanol guava, watercress, vegetal (at 2 Loges, Arnold Machinek, Ulrike 0.5 ppm in 5% sugar solution). Simchen and Horst Surburg, “Mixture The flavor description is for the diastereomeric mixture. Reproduction in English or any other language of all or part of this article is strictly prohibited. © 2014 Allured Business Media. 26 Flavor Vol. 39 • January 2014 | Perfumer & Flavorist www.PerfumerFlavorist.com 27 PF1401_GRAS26_fcx.indd 26 12/6/13 10:16 AM Flavor Properties of FEMA GRAS List 26 T-1. FEMA GRAS 26 descriptions and structures (Cont.) Flavor Chemicals FEMA# CAS# Name Description Structure Containing Menthol,” assigned to Symrise, the use of dl-isomenthol A preliminary assessment. in various menthol mixtures has been shown to lower their melting point. In addition, the John Leffingwell and Diane Leffingwell, Leffingwell & Associates organoleptic perception is acceptable or improved at the levels used. he Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association released its GRAS 26 list in 2013. Here, the authors present a table of 4730 1241905- Ethyl S-(1- Flavor description: Sulfury, the ingredients, descriptions and structures, where available (T-1). 19-0 methoxyhexan-3- blackcurrant, tropical, roasted —Editor T yl)carbonothioate; coffee; effective in coffee. O-ethyl S-(1- Odor description: Mushroom, methoxyhexan-3- herbaceous, slightly cacao yl) carbonothioate connation. This material is FEMA# CAS# Name Description Structure the subject of WIPO Patent Application WO/2010/115920, 4728 57817- Glucosyl steviol Natural low calorie sweetener and Not available. Complex mixture of stevia “Carbonothioates as Flavours 89-7 glycosides; flavor enhancer. Glucosyl steviol extract glucosides. and Fragrances” (10/14/2010) by stevia extract, glycosides are a complex mixture of Klaus Gassenmeier, assigned to enzymatically glucosides prepared by enzymatically Givaudan. modified modifying stevia extract to increase/ a change the degree of glycosylation. 4731 871465- Cassyrane; In U.S. Patent 7,632,790 (Dec. 15, In United States Patent 8318459 49-5 2-tert-butyl-5- 2009) by Philip Kraft and assigned (Nov. 27, 2012) by Avetik Markosyan methyl-2-propyl- to Givaudan, this material’s titled “Glucosyl stevia composition” 2,5-dihydrofuran odor description is as follows: (assigned to PureCircle USA), it blackcurrant, natural, rich, is demonstrated that improved eucalyptus buds, anise, buchu b sweetness profiles can be achieved. leaves, slightly green. In WIPO Patent Application WO2012128775 by Siddhartha 4732 83861- 1,5-Octadien-3-ol; Mixture of E/Z stereoisomers Purkayastha, “Glucosylated Steviol 74-9 octa-1,5-dien-3-ol with 60–90% (E). The material Glycoside Composition as a Taste possesses earthy, mushroom, and Flavor Enhancer” (assigned green, geranium leaf and to PureCircle USA), and WIPO marine notes. Boelens (PMP Patent Application WO2012129451 2001, “Database of Perfumery by Siddhartha Purkayastha, Materials & Performance”) “Glucosylated Steviol Glycoside indicates: dusty, somewhat Composition as a Taste and Flavor earthy, mushroom-like odor. Modifier” (assigned to PureCircle Delort et al. have described (Z)- USA), the use of the materials in 1,5-octadien-3-ol’s orthonasal modifying the flavor profiles of odor as green, marine, slightly various products is described. mushroom and strong, and its retronasal odor (10 ppm) as 4729 3623- Isomenthol; (-)-Menthol has considerably more floral, green, geranium leaf, crustaceous, mushroom and 52-7 dl-isomenthol; cooling power than dl-isomenthol 1 (±)-isomenthol alone. dl-Isomenthol features a metallic. somewhat musty, woody camphoric odor. However, in U.S. Patent 8496950 4733 1006684- 2-Mercapto-4- Flavor description: fruity, tropical, (July 30, 2013) by Klaus Sorge, Hubert 20-3 heptanol guava, watercress, vegetal (at 2 Loges, Arnold Machinek, Ulrike 0.5 ppm in 5% sugar solution). Simchen and Horst Surburg, “Mixture The flavor description is for the diastereomeric mixture. Reproduction in English or any other language of all or part of this article is strictly prohibited. © 2014 Allured Business Media. 26 Flavor Vol. 39 • January 2014 | Perfumer & Flavorist www.PerfumerFlavorist.com 27 PF1401_GRAS26_fcx.indd 27 12/6/13 10:16 AM T-1. FEMA GRAS 26 descriptions and structures (Cont.) T-1. FEMA GRAS 26 descriptions and structures (Cont.) FEMA# CAS# Name Description Structure FEMA# CAS# Name Description Structure 4734 1256932- 3-(Methylthio) At the time of this writing the and various types of yeast extracts 15-6 decanal authors have no definitive to provide a favorable seasoning information on the flavor of this composition that is improved in material. Based on the chemical its kokumi, as compared to those structure, the authors anticipate obtained by the use of such that the organoleptic character additional ingredients for seasonings would approximate “roasted, fatty, individually. aldehydic.” The ingredient primarily finds use in savory, meat and fish 4739 38837- Glutamyl-norvalyl- This is a kokumi flavor enhancer. flavors. 71-7 glycine; N-(N- WIPO Patent Application L-g-glutamyl-L- WO2011081186 (July 7, 2011) by 4735 13552- (4Z,7Z)- (4Z,7Z)-Tridecadienal is a fatty norvalyl)-glycine; Takashi Miyaki et al., “Flavor- 95-9 Tridecadienal flavor aldehyde originally L-glutamyl-L- Enriching Agent,” discloses that discovered by Lever Bros. norvalyl-glycine; g-glu-nva-gly (L-g-glutamyl-L- to be useful in fatty, savory g-glu-nva-gly norvaline-glycine) exhibits a potent flavors. In Great Britain Patent flavor-enriching action, particularly 1,034,352, Dutch Pat. No. 139,102 with respect to middle tastes, and and Swiss Pat No. 471545, it is exhibits an improved stability. reported that cis-4-decenal, cis,cis-4,7-tridecadienal and 4740 71133- Glutamyl-norvaline; This material is a kokumi flavor other polyunsaturated aldehydes 09-0 L-g-glutamyl-L- enhancer. g-Glu-nva (L-g-glutamyl- containing 11–17 carbon atoms norvaline N-(N- L-norvaline) is the subject of U.S. are suitable for imparting a savory L-g-glutamyl)- Patent 8541379 (Sept. 24, 2013) aroma that enhances chicken meat L-norvaline; by Takashi Miyaki et al., “Kokumi- flavor to foodstuffs. In Japanese L-glutamyl-L- imparting agent” (assigned to Patent JP2012034662
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