Non-Profit Association for the Promotion of Research into Biodynamic Fruit-Growing

Poma Culta Hessigkofen

Research station for fruit breeding

In cooperation with the long-standing biodynamic farm Biohof Rigi

Total area 3 hectares (including ecological compensation area with standard trees, hedges, rough pastures etc.)

Scope of Poma Culta breeding

•Seeding from targeted crosses: about 3000 - 5000 seeds

•Graftings on M9 for selection level 2 : about 150 - 250 convars (2 trees each)

•propagation on M9 for selection level 3: about 5 - 10 convars (10 trees each)

•Test cultivation on practical farms (since 2017) 7 candidate varieties (720 trees totally)

•Candidates in official variety testing 9 Convars

Poma Culta‘s breeding appoach:

On farm breeding

Poma Culta‘s breeding appoach:

On farm breeding

The key to success is selection

under conditions as comparable as possible

to the situation in which the new varieties

have to prove themselves later

The generally breeding goal : optimally adapting the plant to its environment

• improving the quality of the fruit • optimising the yield • reducing the cultivation risks

Stages of Traditional Cross Breeding

Stage I – Several thousand blossoms

•Selective breeding of parent varieties, sowing of the seeds

•Duration: 1 year

Stage II – Thousands of seedlings

•Selection of the new saplings for good growth characteristics and plant health.

•Duration: 2 – 4 years

Stage III – Hundreds of spindle trees on M9

•The best of the saplings are cultivated as spindle trees. •This is followed by further testing of the favourites to evaluate agronomic characteristics, storage properties etc..

•Duration: 5 – 7 years Plant Protection Strategy

• “Gentle” agents (e.g. potassium bicarbonate, mycosin)

• Best application technology

• Optimal application times

Stage IV – Dozens of spindle trees

•Assessment of individual candidates in terms of yield, market potential etc..

•Duration: 5 – 7 years

Stage V – A new apple variety

•Filing and registering the new variety and market launch

•Duration: 5 – 10 years

Pedigree

Pott`s Seedl.o. Cox McIntosh Yellow Newtown Pott`s Seedl.o. Cox Worcester Parmain PRI 370-15 James Grieve Worcester Parmain

Lord Lambourne Golden Delicious Jolana*

Rubin Vanda*

Topaz

ECO-FRUIT 19th International Conference on Organic Fruit-Growing University of Hohenheim, February 17th – 19th 2020

Pedigree Topaz Golden Delicious

Pott`s Seedl.o. Cox McIntosh Yellow Newtown Jonathan Pott`s Seedl.o. Cox James Grieve Worcester Parmain Spartan PRI 370-15 James Grieve Worcester Parmain

Lord Lambourne Golden Delicious Jolana* Lord Lambourne

Rubin Vanda*

Topaz

ECO-FRUIT 19th International Conference on Organic Fruit-Growing University of Hohenheim, February 17th – 19th 2020

Pedigree Topaz Golden Delicious

Pott`s Seedl.o. Cox McIntosh Yellow Newtown Jonathan Pott`s Seedl.o. Cox James Grieve Worcester Parmain Spartan PRI 370-15 James Grieve Worcester Parmain

Lord Lambourne Golden Delicious Jolana* Lord Lambourne

Rubin Vanda*

Topaz

ECO-FRUIT 19th International Conference on Organic Fruit-Growing University of Hohenheim, February 17th – 19th 2020

Pedigree Mairac

Gelber Bellefleur ?

Red Delicious Cox Orange

Kidd`s Orange Golden Del. Frau Rotacher Golden Del.

Gala Maigold

Mairac

ECO-FRUIT 19th International Conference on Organic Fruit-Growing University of Hohenheim, February 17th – 19th 2020

Pedigree Mairac

Gelber Bellefleur ?

Red Delicious Cox Orange

Kidd`s Orange Golden Del. Frau Rotacher Golden Del.

Gala Maigold

Mairac

ECO-FRUIT 19th International Conference on Organic Fruit-Growing University of Hohenheim, February 17th – 19th 2020

Pedigree Mairac

Gelber Bellefleur ?

Red Delicious Cox Orange

Kidd`s Orange Golden Del. Frau Rotacher Golden Del.

Gala Maigold

Mairac

ECO-FRUIT 19th International Conference on Organic Fruit-Growing University of Hohenheim, February 17th – 19th 2020

Pedigree Rubens

Ribston Pepping Ribston Pepping

Red Del. Cox Orange Cox Orange

Kidd`s Orange Golden Del. Golden Del.

Gala

Rubens

ECO-FRUIT 19th International Conference on Organic Fruit-Growing University of Hohenheim, February 17th – 19th 2020

Pedigree Rubens

Ribston Pepping Ribston Pepping

Red Del. Cox Orange Cox Orange

Kidd`s Orange Golden Del. Golden Del. Ingrid Marie

Gala Elstar

Rubens

ECO-FRUIT 19th International Conference on Organic Fruit-Growing University of Hohenheim, February 17th – 19th 2020

Pedigree Rubens

Ribston Pepping Ribston Pepping

Red Del. Cox Orange Cox Orange

Kidd`s Orange Golden Del. Golden Del. Ingrid Marie

Gala Elstar

Rubens

ECO-FRUIT 19th International Conference on Organic Fruit-Growing University of Hohenheim, February 17th – 19th 2020

Pedigree Rubens

Ribston Pepping Ribston Pepping

Red Del. Cox Orange Cox Orange

Kidd`s Orange Golden Del. Golden Del. Ingrid Marie

Gala Elstar

Rubens

ECO-FRUIT 19th International Conference on Organic Fruit-Growing University of Hohenheim, February 17th – 19th 2020

Pedigree Rubens

Ribston Pepping Ribston Pepping

Red Del. Cox Orange Cox Orange

Kidd`s Orange Golden Del. Golden Del. Ingrid Marie

Gala Elstar

Rubens

ECO-FRUIT 19th International Conference on Organic Fruit-Growing University of Hohenheim, February 17th – 19th 2020

Thesis on Inbreeding

• increases characteristics of the ancesters • brings hidden characteristics of the genom to appearence • helps to anchor characteristics more firmly in the genom

ECO-FRUIT 19th International Conference on Organic Fruit-Growing University of Hohenheim, February 17th – 19th 2020

Quantitatively inherited traits cannot be improved abruptly, but only gradually over several generations.

ECO-FRUIT 19th International Conference on Organic Fruit-Growing University of Hohenheim, February 17th – 19th 2020

Parents X Rewena

1. Gen. PoC_3988

Otava Topaz X X X

2. Gen. PoC_0700 PoC_0321 PoC_1329

3. Gen. PoC_Fiction

ECO-FRUIT 19th International Conference on Organic Fruit-Growing University of Hohenheim, February 17th – 19th 2020

Year of Crispi- Gloeo- Elsinoe- Scab, M. Co- Sooty Convar Parents Aroma Cross ness sporium Spots resist. br. ronaria Blotch

1. Generation

Braeburn ++ ++ n.d. n.d. ------

Rewena -- -- n.d. -- ++ - --

Braeburn x PoC_3988 2001 ++ -- +++ -- ++ ++ + Rewena

ECO-FRUIT 19th International Conference on Organic Fruit-Growing University of Hohenheim, February 17th – 19th 2020

Year of Crispi- Gloeo- Elsinoe- Scab, M. Co- Sooty Convar Parents Aroma Cross ness sporium Spots resist. br. ronaria Blotch

2. Generation Example 1

Otava + +++ - n.d. ------

Braeburn x PoC_3988 2001 ++ -- +++ -- ++ ++ + Rewena

Otava x PoC_0700 2011 + ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ PoC_3988

ECO-FRUIT 19th International Conference on Organic Fruit-Growing University of Hohenheim, February 17th – 19th 2020

Year of Crispi- Gloeo- Elsinoe- Scab, M. Co- Sooty Convar Parents Aroma Cross ness sporium Spots resist. br. ronaria Blotch

2. Generation Example 2

Rajka +/- ++ + n.d. +/- --- +/-

Braeburn x PoC_3988 2001 ++ -- +++ -- ++ ++ + Rewena

PoC_0321 PoC_3988 x 2011 ++ ++ ++ +++ + ++ ++ Rajka

ECO-FRUIT 19th International Conference on Organic Fruit-Growing University of Hohenheim, February 17th – 19th 2020

Year of Crispi- Gloeo- Elsinoe- Scab, M. Co- Sooty Convar Parents Aroma Cross ness sporium Spots resist. br. ronaria Blotch

2. Generation Example 3

Topaz + +++ ------

Braeburn x PoC_3988 2001 ++ -- +++ -- ++ ++ + Rewena

PoC_3988 x PoC-1329 2008 +++ + +++ + + ++ +++ Topaz

ECO-FRUIT 19th International Conference on Organic Fruit-Growing University of Hohenheim, February 17th – 19th 2020

Year of Crispi- Gloeo- Elsinoe- Scab, M. Co- Sooty Convar Parents Aroma Cross ness sporium Spots resist. br. ronaria Blotch

3. Generation Fiction

PoC_3988 x PoC-1329 2008 +++ + +++ + + ++ +++ Topaz

PoC_0321 2011 ++ ++ ++ +++ + ++ ++ PoC_3988 x Rajka

PoC_GOAL +++ +++ +++ +++ ++ ++ ++

ECO-FRUIT 19th International Conference on Organic Fruit-Growing University of Hohenheim, February 17th – 19th 2020

Thank you for your attention

www.pomaculta.org