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Monday Morning, November 10, 2014
Monday Morning, November 10, 2014 2D Materials Focus Topic 9:40am 2D+EM+NS+PS+SS+TF-MoM5 Growth of 2D MoS2 Films by Room: 310 - Session 2D+EM+NS+PS+SS+TF-MoM Magnetron Sputtering, Andrey Voevodin, Air Force Research Laboratory, C. Muratore, University of Dayton, J.J. Hu, Air Force Research 2D Materials Growth and Processing Laboratory/UDRI, B. Wang, M.A. Haque, Pennsylvania State University, J.E. Bultman, M.L. Jesperson, Air Force Research Laboratory/UDRI, P.J. Moderator: Thomas Greber, University of Zurich Shamberger, Texas A&M University, R. Stevenson, Air Force Research Laboratory, A. Waite, Air Force Research Laboratory/UTC, M.E. 8:20am 2D+EM+NS+PS+SS+TF-MoM1 Exploring the Flatlands: McConney, R. Smith, Air Force Research Laboratory Synthesis, Characterization and Engineering of Two-Dimensional Growth of two dimensional (2D) MoS2 and similar materials over large Materials, Jun Lou, Rice University INVITED areas is a critical pre-requisite for seamless integration of next-generation In this talk, we report the controlled vapor phase synthesis of MoS2 atomic van der Waals heterostructures into novel devices. Typical preparation layers and elucidate a fundamental mechanism for the nucleation, growth, approaches with chemical or mechanical exfoliation lack scalability and and grain boundary formation in its crystalline monolayers. The atomic uniformity over appreciable areas (>1 mm) and chemical vapor deposition structure and morphology of the grains and their boundaries in the processes require high substrate temperatures. We developed few-layer polycrystalline molybdenum disulfide atomic layers are examined and first- MoS2 growth under non-equilibrium magnetron sputtering conditions principles calculations are applied to investigate their energy landscape. -
Thomas W. Scharf
Dr. Thomas W. Scharf Professor Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of North Texas P.O. BOX 305310 Denton, TX 76203-5310 (940) 891-6837 e-mail: [email protected] EDUCATION B.S. Ceramic Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 1994. Thesis title, “The Effects of Oxidation on the Strength Behavior of SiC Fibers” under Dr. Richard E. Tressler. M.S. Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 1997. Thesis title, “Structural, Tribo-Mechanical, and Thermal Characterization of Sputtered Diamond-Like Carbon and Nitrogenated Diamond-Like Carbon Thin Films” under Dr. John A. Barnard. Ph.D. Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 2000. Dissertation title, “Growth, Structure, and Mechanical Wear Strength of Ultra-Thin Ion Beam and Sputter Deposited Hard Coatings” under Dr. John A. Barnard. PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE 5/14-present: Professor, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX. 5/10-5/14: Associate Professor, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX. 9/05-5/10: Assistant Professor, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX. •Established a materials tribology laboratory to measure friction, wear and lubrication processes by in situ and ex situ methods. •Constructed a viscous flow atomic layer/chemical vapor deposition reactor to synthesize solid lubricant and wear resistant -
Abstract Book
Monday Morning, October 22, 2018 high applied loads, we observe wear of oxygen groups from graphene oxide at temperatures between 50-400 °C and loads between 10-700 nN, and Tribology Focus Topic find an exponential increase in wear rate with applied load. For the case of Room 201A - Session TR+AS+NS+SS-MoM an electrically biased tip oxidizing pristine graphene, the oxidation rate somewhat paradoxically increases with applied load, despite previously Tribology Focus Session observed enhancement in wear rate with load. All of the above Moderator: Filippo Mangolini, University of Leeds, UK observations can be understood in the context of mechanically driven thermochemical reactions. The friction behavior depends on two 8:20am TR+AS+NS+SS-MoM-1 Structural Superlubricity: History, competing factors—aging of the sliding contact due to chemical bonding Breakthroughs, and Challenges, Mehmet Z. Baykara, University of between tip and substrate, and hopping of unbonded tip atoms between California, Merced INVITED graphene lattice sites. Atomic wear of graphene oxide is well described by The idea of structural superlubricity holds immense potential for the the tilted potential energy surface theory of mechanically driven chemistry, realization of nearly frictionless sliding in mechanical systems, with which predicts a non-linear reduction in the energy barrier with applied implications for fields as diverse as environmental conservation and space load. We further show that the tilted potential energy surface model also travel. The basic principle of structural superlubricity involves the well describes the enhancement of oxidation rate. The work presented proposition that friction should diminish at an interface formed by here creates a foundation for describing the mechanics of sliding contacts atomically-flat and molecularly-clean crystalline surfaces with different as chemical processes, and further paves the way towards quantitatively lattice parameters and/or incommensurate orientation. -
2016 STLE Tribology Frontiers Conference
2016 STLE Tribology Frontiers Conference Tribology: The Interface of Physics, Chemistry, Materials and Mechanical Science and Engineering November 13-15, 2016 Historic Drake Hotel on Chicago’s “Magnificent Mile” Chicago, Illinois 2016 Preliminary Technical Program as of 8/2/16 Preliminary TABLE OF CONTENTS Program-at-a-Glance ............................................................................................3 Program with Abstracts Sunday ......................................................................................................4 Monday ......................................................................................................17 Tuesday .....................................................................................................47 Author Index .........................................................................................................64 2016 STLE Tribology Frontiers November 13-15, 2016 Historic Drake Hotel Chicago, Illinois (USA) Preliminary Program-at-a-Glance As of 8/2/16 – Subject to Change Sunday, November 13, 2016 Berkeley – 1:20 pm – 2:00 pm – Grand Ballroom AFM and TEM Studies of Friction and Wear in Pt- Welcome and Introductions – 1:00 pm – 1:20 pm Graphene and Pt-SiO2 Systems Invited Talk – J. Edward Colgate. PhD, Technical Sessions – 2:00 – 6:00 pm Northwestern University – 1:20 pm – 2:00 pm – 3A – Materials Tribology III – Walton North Grand Ballroom 3B – Surfaces & Interfaces III - Walton South Surface Haptics: How Friction Modulation Lets Us 3C – Machine Elements & Systems -
Wednesday Morning, November 12, 2014 Surface Science Cells
Wednesday Morning, November 12, 2014 Surface Science cells. We present a systematic study of the HCOOH decomposition reaction mechanism starting from first-principles and including reactivity Room: 312 - Session SS+AS-WeM experiments and microkinetic modeling. In particular, periodic self- consistent Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations are performed to Atomistic Modeling of Surface Phenomena determine the stability of reactive intermediates and activation energy barriers of elementary steps. Pre-exponential factors are determined from Moderator: Carol Hirschmugl, University of Wisconsin vibrational frequency calculations. Mean-field microkinetic models are Milwaukee, Eddy Tysoe, University of Wisconsin- developed and calculated reaction rates and reaction orders are then Milwaukee compared with experimentally measured ones. These comparisons provide useful insights on the nature of the active site, most-abundant surface intermediates as a function of reaction conditions and feed composition. 8:00am SS+AS-WeM1 Oxidation of Cu Surfaces with Step-Edge Trends across metals on the fundamental atomic-scale level up to selectivity Defects: Insights from Reactive Force Field Simulation, Qing Zhu, W.A. trends will be discussed. Finally, we identify from first-principles alloy Saidi, J. Yang, University of Pittsburgh surfaces, which may possess better catalytic properties for selective Defects on metal surfaces can induce non-canonical oxidation channels that dehydrogenation of HCOOH than monometallic surfaces, thereby guiding may lead -
Garabedian Udel 0060
A DIRECT EXPERIMENTAL LINK BETWEEN ATOMIC-SCALE AND MACROSCALE FRICTION by Nikolay T. Garabedian A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the University of Delaware in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Mechanical Engineering Spring 2019 © 2019 Nikolay T. Garabedian All Rights Reserved A DIRECT EXPERIMENTAL LINK BETWEEN ATOMIC-SCALE AND MACROSCALE FRICTION by Nikolay T. Garabedian Approved: __________________________________________________________ Ajay K. Prasad, Ph.D. Chair of the Department of Mechanical Engineering Approved: __________________________________________________________ Levi T. Thompson, Ph.D. Dean of the College of Engineering Approved: __________________________________________________________ Douglas J. Doren, Ph.D. Interim Vice Provost for Graduate and Professional Education I certify that I have read this dissertation and that in my opinion it meets the academic and professional standard required by the University as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Signed: __________________________________________________________ David L. Burris, Ph.D. Professor in charge of dissertation I certify that I have read this dissertation and that in my opinion it meets the academic and professional standard required by the University as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Signed: __________________________________________________________ M. Zubaer Hossain, Ph.D. Member of dissertation committee I certify that I have read this dissertation and that in my opinion it meets the academic and professional standard required by the University as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Signed: __________________________________________________________ Chaoying Ni, Ph.D. Member of dissertation committee I certify that I have read this dissertation and that in my opinion it meets the academic and professional standard required by the University as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. -
Viewpoint Friction at the Atomic Scale
Physics 6, 102 (2013) Viewpoint Friction at the Atomic Scale Philip Egberts Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, 220 S. 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA and Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 40 Research Place NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y6, Canada Robert W. Carpick Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, 220 S. 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA Published September 18, 2013 A new experimental method based on atomic force microscopy allows the investigation of friction at the scale of individual atoms. Subject Areas: Nanophysics, Materials Science A Viewpoint on: Atomic Structure Affects the Directional Dependence of Friction A. J. Weymouth, D. Meuer, P. Mutombo, T. Wutscher, M. Ondracek, P. Jelinek, and F. J. Giessibl Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 2013 – Published September 18, 2013 Everyone learns the basics of friction in high-school in a simple way by pressing one’s hands together (as if in physics classes: the friction force experienced by a slid- prayer but with the fingers spaced apart). Upon sliding ing object is proportional to the normal force that an the fingers of the left hand against the fingers of right object exerts on a surface. Remarkably, this extremely hand (perpendicular to the long axis of your fingers), the simple and empirical relation, known as Amontons’ Law, fingers of one hand become stuck in between those of the is still often used in creating the most technologically so- other. However, if one instead slides the left hand down phisticated machines and devices, even though friction and the right hand up (parallel to the long axis of your is known to vary with a large number of other parame- fingers), the hands move smoothly. -
Anirudha Sumant Center for Nanoscale Materials Building 440, Room A-127 Materials Scientist Phone: 630-252-4854 Nanofabrication and Devices Group Fax: 630-252-5739
Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439 Anirudha Sumant Center for Nanoscale Materials Building 440, Room A-127 Materials Scientist Phone: 630-252-4854 Nanofabrication and Devices Group Fax: 630-252-5739 E-mail: [email protected] LinkedIn Profile: http://www.linkedin.com/in/anisumant Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439 Ph.D. Electronic Science, University of Pune, India 1998 Education M.Sc. Electronic Science, University of Pune, India 1993 B.Sc. Physics, University of Pune, India 1991 Awards 2018 National Innovation Award from Techconnect on Portable Ultrananocrystalline Diamond based Field Emission Electron Sources for Linear Accelerators and Honors Pacesetter Award, Argonne National Laboratory, 2018 Top 100 finalist Chicago Innovation Award 2017 Pinnacle of Education Award from Board of Governors for Argonne National Laboratory for teaching youth nanotechnology and developing Next Gen STEM Kit 2017 National Innovation Award from TechConnect on developing wafer-scale method to grow single and multilayer graphene on dielectric substrate in 1 min 2016 National Innovation Award from TechConnect on developing graphene-nanodiamond based solution to achieve superlubricity 2014 R&D 100 Award for the development of NanofabLab…in a Box 2014 NASA Tech Brief Magazine Award for NanofabLab…in a Box. 2013 R&D 100 Award for the development of Miraj Diamond Platform 2013 R&D Award for the development of Nanocrystalline diamond Coating for Microdrill 2011 R&D 100 Award for the development of Integrated RF MEMS Switch/CMOS Device based on Ultrananocrystalline Diamond Senior Editor of IEEE-eNano Listed in Who’s Who in America 62nd edition 2008. -
Psychopathology and Cognition As Markers of Risk for Bipolar Disorder
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Online Research @ Cardiff Psychopathology and cognition as markers of risk for bipolar disorder Sumit Mistry Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 20 20 Acknowledgements Having entered this PhD with a limited understanding of Psychiatry and Genetics, the completion of this thesis would not have been possible without support from a number of individuals. I am extremely grateful to my PhD supervisors Professors Stanley Zammi t, Daniel Smith and Valentina Escott - Price for their continuous support throughout my PhD. I am truly appreciative of their time and energy, keeping me on track, discu ssing ideas and results with me even though they are so busy . Stan has been nothing short of an excellent supervisor. His understanding of me having bipolar disorder and the difficulties that are associated with having the disorder have truly enabled me to get through the PhD process and to submit this thesis. Both Stan and Danny have read man y iterations of my drafts for publication s and helped me with addressing reviewer comments, something I had not do ne before. I would like to thank my co -authors Dr Hannah Jones from the University of Bristol , and Dr s Judith Harrison and Ar ianna Di Florio from Cardiff University for their help with running C onfirmatory Factor A nalysis ( Chapter 4 ), checking full texts for the systematic review (C hapter 6) and being the Cardiff University PGC Bipolar Disorder lead respectively. -
UNIVERSITY of CALGARY Friction and Adhesion of Atomically Thin Films: a Study of Few-Layer Graphene by Peng Gong a THESIS SUBMIT
UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY Friction and Adhesion of Atomically Thin Films: A Study of Few-layer Graphene by Peng Gong A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL AND MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING CALGARY, ALBERTA December, 2016 c Peng Gong 2016 Abstract In order to gain better insight on the fundamental mechanisms governing friction and adhesion at the nanoscale, this thesis examines the friction and adhesion properties and mechanisms on the atomically-thin material, graphene. First, through conducting load dependent measurements of friction on mechanical exfoliated graphene samples, the dependence of the friction behaviour on graphene as a function of number of graphene layers, sliding history, environmental humidity, and air exposure time were examined. A mechanism was proposed to fully explain these experimental observations. Secondly, the finite element method (FEM) was applied to investigate the adhesion between a nanoscale tip and graphene covering a silicon substrate. The simulations, contrary to prior experimental results, showed a slight increase in the pull-off force as layer number increased. In addition, it was revealed that the layer-dependent pull-off forces result from the increasing tip- graphene interactions. This work contributes to gaining better insight on the applications to the lubrication mechanisms of graphene. ii Acknowledgments First and foremost, I would like to express my greatest gratitude to my supervisor, Dr. Philip Egberts, who has led me throughout my Master’s studies. I appreciate all the guidance, support, patience, time, ideas, and funding he has provided. Also, sincere thanks to Dr. -
U.S. Naval Academy 410-293-6339 / [email protected] Current and Future Navy Challenges with Hydrocarbon Fuels
U.S. Naval Academy 410-293-6339 / [email protected] Current and Future Navy Challenges with Hydrocarbon Fuels Petroleum-based fuels sources around the world vary in properties • Need to constantly monitor fuel quality • Europe mixes biodiesel with diesel Conventional petroleum prices are currently low (< $50 / barrel) • Favorable situation for petroleum-based fuels • Alternative fuels: currently more expensive ‒ Environmental movement maintains interest ‒ Future costs may increase economic viability ‒ The composition of these fuels can be dramatically different than conventional fuels. These differences can lead to performance issues. NEEDED: Ability to predict properties and performance given knowledge of fuel composition Image from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_map#/media/File:Winkel_triple_projection_SW.jpg http://www.cnbc.com/2015/10/25/oil-prices-drop-demand-seen-sagging-towards-year-end.html 2 Fuel Hydrocarbon Distribution HRD-algae olefins HRJ-camelina CHC cyclo- Jet/Diesel DSH-sugars/biomass oils alkanes iso-alkanes HDCD-wood ATJ-sugars/biomass aromatics Reactivity (cetane) Number of Carbon Atoms 3 Goals of Neptune Funding Measurement of Chemical and Thermophysical Properties of Fuels and Organic Liquid Mixtures • Chemical composition, density, viscosity, surface tension, flash point, heat of combustion, distillation curve Prediction of Thermophysical Properties through Atomistic Modeling • Develop a computer model for calculating thermophysical properties of fuels based on their chemical composition Characterization of Diesel Engine Combustion • Evaluate Fuels and fuel blends of interest to the Navy • Study the effects of changing physical and chemical properties Support the Navy Mission • Educate future Navy leaders in the Science and Engineering of Fuels • Support Navy and NAVAIR to help them respond to emerging Navy fuel needs NAVY IMPACT: Facilitate the “fit for purpose” determination of Navy fuels. -
Professor Robert Carpick
Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Colloquium Series Spring 2018 Program Wednesday, February 21, 2018 3:30 – 4:30 p.m. (refreshments/social hour at 4:30) Easton Hub Auditorium (in the Fiber Optics Building) Nanoscale Factors Controlling Friction, Lubrication, and Wear: From 2D Materials to Engine Oil Professor Robert Carpick University of Pennsylvania Abstract: New insights into friction and wear from atomic force microscopy (AFM) and in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are presented. First, nanocontacts with 2-dimensional materials like graphene are discussed, where friction depends on the number of layers. An initial model attributing this to puckering [1] is now enhanced by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations showing a strong role of energy barriers due to interfacial pinning and commensurability [2]. Second, the origins of nanoscale wear using a novel combined TEM-AFM instrument is discussed. Wear of silicon sliding on diamond follows a kinetic model where energy barriers for chemical bonding are strongly affected by stress [3]. Finally, I will discuss very recent results where AFM is used to develop new insights into practical lubrication mechanisms. We study zinc dialkyldithiophosphates (ZDDPs), which are highly effective anti-wear additive molecules used nearly universally in engine oils. We developed a novel AFM-based approach for visualizing and quantifying the formation of ZDDP anti-wear films in situ at the nanoscale. Film growth depends exponentially on temperature and stress, which can explain the known graded- structure of the films. Our findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of formation of ZDDP derived anti- wear films and the control of lubrication in automotive applications [4].