DEPARTMENT OF HORTICULTURE BUDGAM
HORTICULTURE ATLAS
(DOUBLING THE FARMERS INCOME)
CHIEF HORTICULTURE OFFICER BUDGAM
Year 2020-21
T e l e - F a x : - 01951255278 E - M a i l : - [email protected]
TITLE HORTICULTURE ATLAS OF BUDGAM
YEAR 2020-21
AUTHOR CHIEF HORTICULTURE OFFICER BUDGAM
NO PART OF THIS PUBLICATION SHALL BE REPRODUCED
IN ANY FORM PHOTO,PRINT OR MICROFILM WITHOUT THE COPYRIGHT WRITTEN PERMISSION OF “CHIEF HORTICULTURE OFFICER BUDGAM” & DEPARTMENT OF HORTICULTURE BUDGAM
CHIEF HORTICULTURE OFFICER BUDGAM
CONTACTS Tele-Fax:- 01951-255278
E-Mail:- [email protected]
The information is presented by the Department of
Horticulture,Budgam for the purpose of disseminating information to the public.
In some cases the material on this ATLAS may incorporate or summarise views, standards or recommendations of third parties or comprise material contributed by third parties („third party material‟). DISCLAIMER Such third party material is assembled in good faith, but does not necessarily reflect the considered views of the department, or indicate a commitment to a particular course of action. The department makes no representation or warranty about the accuracy, reliability, currency
or completeness of any third party information.
Chief Horticulture Officer Budgam Tele-Fax:-01951-255278 E-Mail:- [email protected]
MESSAGE Horticulture contributes immensely to strengthen the financial condition of the District, poverty alleviation, and employment generation. The variety of horticultural products of the State/District has earned world-wide fame because of its good quality and taste. The fruit crops grown in the District are apple, almonds, walnuts, pears, cherries and apricots. Horticulture sector has grown immense popularity in the District from the past decade thanks to the Farmer friendly initiatives by the Department. Apple and Walnut followed by Plum are the Major Fruit Crops produced in the District. Consumption rate of fruits is showing an upward trend because of greater awareness among the people on better health and also increases in purchase power. This necessitates the farmers to make shift from traditional farming to commercial cultivation of horticulture crops. In the past few years large scale emphasis has been laid on the Super High Density Apple Orcharding in the District. Various innovative activities like Vermicompost Units, On Farm Handling Units,Deep Borewells,Area extension under protected cultivation etc have been undertaken on large scale.
Table of Contents
Segment 1:- Horticulture Atlas of Budgam
. Key fruits of Budgam______. Horticulture Map of Horticulture Zone Arizal Budgam BK Pora Beerwah Chadoora Charisharief Kanidajan Kremshore Kanir Khag Khansahib Loolipora Magam Nagam Narbal Pakherpora Soibugh Waterhail
Segment 2:- Horticulture Atlas of Budgam
About Budgam Budgam-Horticulture Outlook Budgam-Infrastructure Oulook Horticulture A
BUDGAM HORTICULTURE AT A GLANCE
1961 14913
571
1255 3191 172
Area in Hectares
Commodities
Apple Pear Plum Almond Walnut Others
18139 160341
2649
1873 8988 895
Production in Metric Tonnes
Commodities
Apple Pear Plum Almond Walnut Others
Arizal
Total Plant Popultaion Total Villages
40 354306
Total Registered Total Are under
Orchardists Horticulture
1094 1673 Ha
Commodities
Apple Pear Plum Almond Walnut Others Area 1043 70 0.0 0.0 521.78 37 Production 11236 653 0.0 0.0 962 56
Budgam
Total Plant Popultaion Total Villages
50 197221
Total Registered Total Are under Orchardists Horticulture 2357 712Ha
Commodities
Apple Pear Plum Almond Walnut Others Area 594 26 18 42 34 2.1 Production 5623 100 76 13 90 6
BK Pora
Total Plant Popultaion Total Villages
30 209093
Total Registered Total Are under Orchardists Horticulture 1750 1092Ha
Commodities
Apple Pear Plum Almond Walnut Others Area 196 319 337 218 12 8 Production 580 73 799 275 24 8
Beerwah
Total Plant Popultaion Total Villages
56 468014
Total Registered Total Are under Orchardists Horticulture 6526 2052Ha Commodities
Apple Pear Plum Almond Walnut Others Area 1576 34 0.0 0.0 438 2.5 Production 16924 326 0.0 0.0 771 4
Chadoora
Total Plant Popultaion Total Villages
30 194195
Total Registered Total Are under Orchardists Horticulture 1573 608Ha
Commodities
Apple Pear Plum Almond Walnut Others Area 267 19 144 167 5 6 Production 2826 207 1363 332 17 40
ChShareef
Total Plant Popultaion Total Villages
18 619570
Total Registered Total Are under Orchardists Horticulture 2856 2089Ha
Commodities
Apple Pear Plum Almond Walnut Others Area 1266 557 5 189 49 22 Production 13940 7418 24 528 261 114
Kanidajan
Total Plant Popultaion Total Villages
13 205563
Total Registered Total Are under Orchardists Horticulture 1789 688Ha
Commodities
Apple Pear Plum Almond Walnut Others Area 474 173 0.0 0.0 38 2 Production 4802 2027 0.0 0.0 145 7
Kremshore
Total Villages Total Plant Popultaion
32 401170
Total Registered Total Are under Horticulture Orchardists 1950Ha 7616
Commodities
Apple Pear Plum Almond Walnut Others Area 1268 31 1 0.0 648 2.0 Production 12521 261 0.0 0.0 2598 3
Budgam:-Horticulture Zone Kanir
Total Villages Total Plant Popultaion
33 463608
Total Registered Total Area under Horticulture Orchardists 1841 7424
Commodities
Apple Pear Plum Almond Walnut Others Area 1414 104 24 0.0 298 2 Production 13891 839 134 0.0 1051 6
Budgam:-Horticulture Zone Khag
Total Villages Total Plant Popultaion
55 319261
Total Registered Total Area under Horticulture Orchardists 1597 2068
Commodities
Apple Pear Plum Almond Walnut Others Area 1460 10 0.0 0.0 119 8 Production 16223 96 0.0 0.0 250 10
Budgam:-Horticulture Zone Khansahib
Total Villages Total Plant Popultaion
34 459833
Total Registered Orchardists Total Area under Horticulture 6605 2032
Commodities
Apple Pear Plum Almond Walnut Others Area 1614 25 0.0 0.0 388 4 Production 17121 232 0.0 0.0 746 6
Budgam:-Horticulture Zone Loolipora
Total Villages Total Plant Popultaion 10 282982
Total Registered Total Area under Orchardists Horticulture 2469 1582
Commodities
Apple Pear Plum Almond Walnut Others Area 911 326 0.0 73.0 215 57 Production 14623 3788 0.0 117 692 493
Budgam:-Horticulture Zone Magam
Total Plant Popultaion Total Villages
19 125271
Total Registered Total Are under Horticulture Orchardists 583 2099
Commodities
Apple Pear Plum Almond Walnut Others Area 396 5 0.0 33 132 17 Production 4101 38 0.0 82 492 117
Budgam:-Horticulture Zone Nagam
Total Villages Total Plant Popultaion 11 403835
Total Registered Orchardists Total Area under Horticulture 3235 1547 Commodities
Apple Pear Plum Almond Walnut Others Area 865 127 11 475 69 1.0 Production 10204 840 12 488 134 2
Budgam:-Horticulture Zone Narbal
Total Villages Total Plant Popultaion
23 65479
Total Registered Total Area under Orchardists Horticulture 1240 418
Commodities
Apple Pear Plum Almond Walnut Others Area 338 10 8 6 50 6 Production 3212 84 35 11 140 34
Budgam:-Horticulture Zone Pakherpora
Total Villages Total Plant Popultaion 7 291445
Total Registered Total Area under Orchardists Horticulture 1536 783
Commodities
Apple Pear Plum Almond Walnut Others Area 610 79 21 0.0 73 0.5 Production 6932 779 198 0.0 233 1.0
Budgam:-Horticulture Zone Soibugh
Total Villages Total Plant Popultaion 34 59475
Total Registered Total Area under Orchardists Horticulture 1139 260
Commodities
Apple Pear Plum Almond Walnut Others Area 174 6 2 43 35 0.5 Production 1612 23 8 13 108 0.5
Budgam:-Horticulture Zone Waterhail
Total Villages Total Plant Popultaion 26 125093
Total Registered Total Area under Orchardists Horticulture 2637 558
Commodities
Apple Pear Plum Almond Walnut Others Area 440 40 0.0 9.0 69 1.0 Production 3968 352 0.0 13 234 1
INTRODUCTION Budgam district is the closest district to capital Srinagar (11 km). Budgam district came into existence in 1979, prior to which it was part of Srinagar district. In former times, Budgam was a part of Baramulla district, when Srinagar itself was a constituent of the Anantnag district. It was then known as tehsil Sri Pratap. Historical records suggests that Budgam was also referred to as Pargana Deesu. According to the well-known chronicler Khawaja Azam Demari, the area was also known as Deedmarbag. Budgam District borders the districts of Baramullah and Srinagar in the north, Pulwama in the south and Poonch in the south west.
Budgam has geographical Coordinates: 34°1′12″N 74°46′48″E.Total Area of 1,370 km2 (530 sq mi).Total Population as per 2011 Cencus 753,745 and a population density of 537/km2 (1,390/sq mi).The admkinistrative centre is in
Percentage
Islam Hinduism Sikhism Christianity Buddhism Others
Budgam Town.The people here in speak mostly Kashmiri followed by urdu.Badgam has a sex ratio of 883 females for every 1000 males,[4] and a literacy rate of 57.98%.,[4] an increase from 39.54% in 2001.Budgam is habitated by people of every religion with majority being Muslims followed by Hindus and Sikhism.
ATTRACTIONS
Budgam contains the only airport in Kashmir valley At Humhama. The district's main tourist attractions are Doodhpathri, Yusmarg, Tosamaidan, Nilnag, Khag Mt Tatakuti, and Pehjan. District Budgam offers many stunning locales and has tremendous tourism potential that has largely remained untapped so far. The attractive places that can be visited are Doodpather, Yousmarg, Tosmaidan, Nilnag and Khag. Kani shawl adomed the caesar's court and was looked upon by Mughals and later by Nawabs as mark of nobility. In 1776 Napoleon presented a Kani shawl to his wife Josephine and with that took off a new fashion trend in Europe The revered shrine of Sheikh Noor-ud-din Wali can also be found in the Charari Sharief Tehsil of Budgam district. Asia's oldest/largest Chinar resides at Chattergam Budgam. The Budgam railway station is located in Ompora town nearly 2.5 km from district headquarters and 9 km from city centre Lalchowk. It is the biggest railway station in Kashmir division. This railway station has administrative head controlling the rail
service in Kashmir valley. Outside railway station Ompora (Budgam) there is a big hospital which is Budgam district's first private hospital. BUDGAM HORTICULTURE OUTLOOK
In Budgam 70% population is directly or indirectly associated with Agriculture/Horticulture. Theagro climaticconditions of Budgam District are one of the temperate types with the upper reaches receiving heavy snowfall in winter. The average annual rainfall of the district is 585mm.The topography of the district is mixed with both mountainous and plain areas.These agro climatic conditions and the landscape of the District is suitable for the cultivation of both fresh as well as dry fruits.The District is famous for the production of Apple,Pear,Walnut,Plum &Almond.Horticulture contributes immensely to strengthen the financial condition of the District, poverty alleviation, employment generation. The variety of horticultural products of the District has earned world-wide fame because of its good quality and taste.Horticulture sector has grown immense popularity in the District from the past decade thanks to the Farmer friendly initiatives by the Department.Budgam district is seeing an upward trend in the interest of the people towards horticulture which has shown up in the overall rise in the area production data of the District from the last decade.Presently an area of 22065 Hectares is under Horticulture Crops in the District with an estimated production of 16579 Metric Tonnes for the FY 2020-21 and an expected annual income of 650.00 Crores is supposed to be generated. Budgam has 18 Departmental Horticulture Zones/Extensions widespread over the District and 04 Departmental Nurseries.
Horticulture Zones/Extension Centres:-
Arizal Budgam BK Pora Beerwah Chadoora Charisharief Kanidajan Kremshore Kanir
Khag Khansahib Loolipora Magam Nagam Narbal Pakherpora Soibugh Waterhail
Departmental Fruit Plant Nurseries/Orchards
Fruit Plant Nursery Gopalpora Fruit Plant Nursery Futlipora Fruit Plant Nursery Beerwah Fruit Plant Nursery Checkshera Staff Strength of the District Gazetted Non- Class-IV Total Gazetted Sanctioned 24 138 41 203 Strength Numbers in 12 63 16 91 Position Vacancy 12 75 25 112
Total 24 138 41 203
DEMOGRAPHY AND AGRICULTURE
According to the 2011 census Budgam district has a population of 753,745, roughly making it 494th in India (out of a total of 640).The district has a population density of 537 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,390/sq mi) . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 21.18%. Badgam has a sex ratio of 883 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 57.98%., an increase from 39.54% in 2001. At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 94.78% of the population in the district spoke Kashmiri, 4.00% pahari and 0.50% Pashto as their first language.[7] There were 98 schools in Budgam, both private and public, 33 of which are Higher Secondary Schools. Budgam is district is also known to its great Muslim preachers as:Baba-Hanif-Ud-Din, locally the graveyard is known as "Baba sabin Ziyarath" which is situated at the most beautiful mountain which ends up in Rathsun, a small cute village.The people of Rathsun are very kind, as from the old times.Magam is one of the main town in budgam right now, because it is approximately at centre of the district budgam. Ompora, charar Sharif, kralpora and soibugh are highly populated localities of Budgam district. Magam, Ichigam, Iskandarpora, Wahabpora villages of Budgam district are the biggest villages with Shia population.Budgam contains the only airport in Kashmir valley at Humhama. The district's main tourist attractions are Doodhpathri, Yusmarg, Tosamaidan, Nilnag, Khag Mt Tatakuti, and Pehjan. District Budgam offers many stunning locales and has tremendous tourism potential that has largely remained untapped so far. The attractive places that can be visited are Doodpather, Yousmarg, Tosmaidan, Nilnag and Khag. Kani shawl adomed the caesar's court and was looked upon by Mughals and later by Nawabs as mark of nobility. In 1776 Napoleon presented a Kani shawl to his wife Josephine and with that took off a new fashion trend in Europe The revered shrine of Sheikh Noor-ud-din Wali can also be found in the Charari Sharief Tehsil of Budgam district. Asia's oldest/largest Chinar resides at Chattergam Budgam. The Budgam railway station is located in Ompora town nearly 2.5 km from district headquarters and 9 km from city centre Lalchowk. It is the biggest railway station in Kashmir division. This railway station has administrative head controlling the rail service in Kashmir valley. Outside railway station Ompora (Budgam) there is a big hospital which is Budgam district's first private hospital. Agriculture is the backbone of economy in the Budgam District, since more than 70% of the population in the District is deriving its livelihood from the agriculture sector. Agriculture being the primary sector of production is also responsible for the
development of secondary and tertiary sectors.Mushroom cultivation,Bee rearing,Multiplication of improved seed has been taken up in the past years.Export of 48000 Mt-Tones surplus vegetable to different District of J & K and outside the state during 2017-18 was undertaken. LAND UTILIZATION PATTERN
REPRESENTATIONALIMAGE
Percentage area under Agriculture (Paddy) 1.3 1.3 Maize Belt 4.3 Vegetable Cultivation 16.3 Orchard/Horticulture 13.5 Mixed Cropping 5.6 Build Up 1.2 Build Up Transportation 6.3 Alpine Meadows/Grass Lands Dense Forest 6.8 18.05 Open Forest Scrub Forest 8.8 Snow Cover/Glacial Area 4.7 Water Bodies 6.3 5 Wet Lands
0.4 Waste Land
Land use pattern of the District has been distributed into 15 Categories .The Major part of it being under Agriculture and its allied Sectors approximating to about 48 % of the total area of 122180 Hectares. A total of 16.30% area is under Paddy while 18.05 % under Horticulture.6.3% of the total area is under Grasslands/Meadows,21.90% under forest cover and 13.5 % under Snow/Glacial Cover.
Land under Use of Total Area (In Percentage Hectares) Agriculture (Paddy) 19921 16.30 Maize Belt 6859 5.6 Vegetable Cultivation 1421 1.2 Orchard/Horticulture 22065 18.05 Mixed Cropping 5860 4.7 Build Up 6078 5.0 Build Up Transportation 481 0.4 Alpine Meadows/Grass Lands 7755 6.3 Dense Forest 10756 8.8 Open Forest 8351 6.8 Scrub Forest 7702 6.3 Snow Cover/Glacial Area 16532 13.5 Water Bodies 1594 1.3 Wet Lands 1600 1.3 Waste Land 5205 4.30 Total 122180 99.85
LAND UTILIZATION PATTERN OF HORTICULTURE
Of the total Horticulture area of 22065 Hectares under Horticulture in the District, a total of 14913 Ha is under Apple (67.5%),1961 Ha under Pear (8.8%),571 Ha under Plum (2.58%),1255 Ha under Almond (5.68%),3191 Ha under Walnut (14.46%)and 172 Ha under Other Fresh Fruits (0.77%).
Percetage area under the Crop
5.6 0.77 Apple 14.46
67.5 Pear 2.85
Plum 8.8
Walnut
Almond
Others
Physiography,Geology, Topography and Landscape CLIMATE AND RAINFALL
The climate of the district is Temperate cum Mediterranean type. In the higher reaches the temperature remains cold throughout the year. Average minimum and maximum temperature varies from –11°C to 33°C. The winter season starts from the middle of the November and severe winter conditions continues till the middle of February/March. The district receives an average annual precipitation of about 671.1 mm in the form of rain and snow for about 70 days.
GEOMORPHOLOGY AND SOILS
Badgam district is hilly and mountainous towards the northeast and southwest with broad intermountain valley. The altitude of the hill ranges up to 3700 m amsl. The valley area in Ground Water Information Booklet- Badgam District the central part of the district has flat to mildly undulating topography with its elevation about 1630 m amsl and has an area of about 1,050 sq. km. The master slope in the area is towards north-west. The district forms part of the Jhelum sub basin of Indus basin. River Jhelum is the major river with its tributaries drain in the area. There are three major tributaries viz., Dudhganga, Shaliganga, Sokhnag Nalas.
GROUND WATER SCENARIO
Panjal traps forming hilly and mountainous terrain of the district with hard formations of igneous and metamorphic rocks. The Karewa formation and alluvium of Quaternary and Tertiary age (Plio-Pleistocene) underlie the valley area and consists of alternate bands of sand, silt, gravel & clay, interspersed at two to three levels locally by glacial boulder beds. This formation is important from ground water point of view and sustains the water supply system in the area. This formation of Plio-Pleistocene age lies dis-conformably over the older rocks ranging in age from Cambrian to Triassic.
GROUND WATER RESOURCES
Precipitation in the form of rain and snow in the district is the major source of ground water recharge apart from the influent seepage from the perennial rivers, streams and lakes, irrigated fields and inflow from upland areas. Discharge of ground water mainly takes place from wells, tube wells and effluent seepages of ground water in the form of springs and base flow in streams.
The Ground Water Resources for the district were computed in the year 2009 for valley areas only as per the GEC-1997 methodology and are given below.
1 Total Geographical Area Ha 1,37,100
2 Valley Area Ha 85,000
3 Annual Replenishable Ground water Resources Ham 25182.88
4 Net Annual Ground Water Draft Ham 7532.20
5 Projected Demand for Domestic & Industrial Uses up to 2025 Ham 10612.80
6 Stage of Ground Water Development % 29.91
The stage of ground water development in the valley portions of the district is 29.91% and falls in the safe category. Thus, there is scope for further ground water development.
Area Production Data for the year 2020-21.
Area /Production S. No Kind Area in Ha Production M.Tons Plant Population in No’s 01 Fresh Fruits 17618.85 182027 5364955 02 Dry Fruits 4446.28 10861.22 730112 Area Production under Major Fruit Crops S.No Kind of Area Production (MT) Plant Population Fruit (Hectares) 01 Apple 14913.37 160341.9 4652292 02 Pear 1961.29 18139.45 490250 03 Plum 571.95 2649.29 178613 04 Almond 3191.28 8988.06 352088 05 Walnut 1255.00 1873.15 378024
Budgam-Infrastructural Outlook
Fruit Mandis: -Horticulture has a greater correlation between the Production and the Market for which Fruit Mandis play an important role. In Budgam a well- established Fruit Mandi is in Charisharief Budgam in the jurisdiction of Horticulture Zone Charisharief. Fruit Mandi Parimpora Srinagar is also catering the needs of the Orchardists of the District being in close proximity of the District. In addition to this one more Fruit Mandi is coming up in Parnewa area of the District in the jurisdiction of the Horticulture Zone Kremshore. Fruit and Vegetable Preservation cum Canning Centre:- Presently there is One Departmental Fruit and Vegetable Preservation cum Canning Centre in Budgam located at the District Headquarter Budgam which was inaugurated by the Worthy Director Horticulture Kashmir Shri Ajaz Ahmad Bhat (KAS) on 20.01.2020.Besides there are 06 more such centres working in the District being run by the Private entrepreneurs in correlation with the Department. Departmental Fruit Plant Nurseries: -
There are four Departmental Fruit Plant Nurseries in the District at Gopalpora Chadoora,Beerwah,Futlipora Charisharief and Checkshera Khansahib respectively that are working as demonstration Institutes in the District and also provide quality plant Material to the Orchardists in the District.Fruit Plant Nursery Gopalpora Chadoora is being developed as Hi-Tech Fruit Plant Nurserythat shall ensure high class modern technology plant material distribution among the Orchardists of the District. Horticulture Budgam-Challenges& Suggestions
Challenges
Horticulture does not enjoy a safety net like the Minimum Support Price (MSP) for foodgrains.
Lack of good cold chain storage and transport networks to extend the life of perishable products.
Very less or limited input by machinery and equipment so it is tough to minimise the time restraints.
It gets challenging for marginal farmers to cope with the high price fluctuations.
Limited availability of market intelligence, mainly for exports makes it a tougher option to choose.
Untimely Seasonal Changes viz a viz Snow/Rains/Hailstorms.
Incidence of Diseases like Apple Scab,Alternaria etc. Suggestions
Achieve technology led development in Horticulture.
Post harvest & value addition in horticulture crops.
Modified atmosphere packaging for long storability & transportation of fruits & vegetables.
Insect pollinators for improving productivity and quality of the crops.
Development of varieties for cultivation in non-traditional areas.
Nutrient dynamics and interaction.
Bioenergy and solid waste utilisation to make horticulture more efficient and eco-friendly.
Plan, coordinate and monitor R&D programmes at national level as well as to serve as knowledge repository in Horticulture sector.
Details of Fruit Plant Nurseries in the District
S.No. Name of the Nursery Area Total Under Under Under Area Nursery Orchard Roads/Paths & Buildings 01 Fruit Plant Nursery 0.50 1.0 0.4 3.9 Gopalpora 02 Fruit Plant Nursery 0.7 0.9 0.1 1.85 Beerwah 03 Fruit Plant Nursery 0.3 2.1 0.10 2.62 Futlipora 04 Fruit Plant Nursery 0.3 1.0 0.2 1.90 Checkshera 1.8 5.0 2.68 10.27
Chief Horticulture Officer Budgam