V12.6 Radar Legends (When from Internet)

Weather Legends in FOREFLIGHT MOBILE

17th Edition Covers ForeFlight Mobile v12.6 Radar Legends (when from Internet)

Snowy/Icy Precipitation

Mixed Precipitation

Rain Echo top (in 100’s of feet) ex: 24,900’

Storm Track Estimated position in 20, 40 and 60 minutes

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 2 Rain - Radar Intensity (dBZ) vs. Color Based on RGB values assigned to dBZ range(s) dBZ Internet Color1 ADS-B Color2,4 SiriusXM Color3 5 none shown

10 none shown

95 1. Colors are interpolated between levels when rendered on an image. 2. ADS-B (FIS-B) NEXRAD radar is displayed with 6 intensity ranges. 3. Some dBZ intensity/color divisions do not fall exactly on 5 dBZ lines, so are shown as close as possible to speciﬁcation.

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 3 Mixed Rain/Snow - Radar Intensity (dBZ) vs. Color Based on RGB values assigned to dBZ range(s) dBZ Internet Color1 ADS-B Color2,3,5 SiriusXM Color4 5 none shown

10 none shown

75 1. Colors are interpolated between levels when rendered on an image. 2. ADS-B (ie: FIS-B) NEXRAD radar is displayed with 6 intensity ranges. 3. FIS-B NEXRAD doesn't include precipitation type, so "Mixed" is displayed at the same reflectivity colors as rain. See AIM Chapter 7: http://tfmlearning.fly.faa.gov/ publications/atpubs/aim/chap7/aim0701.html 4. Some dBZ intensity/color divisions do not fall exactly on 5 dBZ lines, so are shown as close as possible to specification.

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 4 Snow - Radar Intensity (dBZ) vs. Color Based on RGB values assigned to dBZ range(s) dBZ Internet Color1 ADS-B Color2,3,5 XM Color4 5 none shown

10 none shown

70 1. Colors are interpolated between levels when rendered on an image. 2. ADS-B (ie: FIS-B) NEXRAD radar is displayed with 6 intensity ranges. 3. FIS-B NEXRAD doesn't include precipitation type, so "Snow" is displayed at the same reflectivity colors as rain. See AIM Chapter 7: http://tfmlearning.fly.faa.gov/ publications/atpubs/aim/chap7/aim0701.html 4. Some dBZ intensity/color divisions do not fall exactly on 5 dBZ lines, so are shown as close as possible to specification.

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 5 Four-color Radar - Radar Intensity (dBZ) vs. Color Based on RGB values assigned to dBZ range(s) dBZ Internet Color ADS-B Color SiriusXM Color1 5 none shown

10 none shown none shown

95 1. Baron Mobile Link/WXWorx radar does not display in 4-color mode. Only available with SiriuxXM when using the SXAR-1 receiver.

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 6 Baron Mobile Link/WXWorx XM Radar Intensity (dBZ) vs. Color Based on RGB values assigned to dBZ range(s) dBZ Rain Mixed Rain/Snow Snow 5 none shown none shown none shown

75 none shown 95 none shown 1. Some Baron Mobile Link/WXWorx XM dBZ intensity/color divisions do not fall exactly on 5 dBZ lines, so are shown as close as possible to speciﬁcation.

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 7 Icing Legend (Internet & SXAR1)

Icing Intensity Color

Trace, Light

Moderate

Heavy, Severe

SLD Threat (SXAR1 only)

Note: SLD (supercooled large droplets) Threat indicates the potential presence of large droplets of sub-freezing liquid water, which present a more serious icing hazard than standard icing conditions. See this page for more information on SLD.

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 8 Cloud Tops (ADS-B)

Forecast Cloud Top Height (ft) Color

Above 24000

Above 21000

Above 18000

Above 15000

Above 13500

Above 12000

Above 10500

Above 9000

Above 7500

Above 6000

Above 4500

Above 3000

Above 1500

Above 0

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 9 Turbulence Legends

Internet & ADS-B Turbulence XM Turbulence

EDR Turbulence Color Intensity Color Intensity

10 Light

20 Moderate

30 Severe

40 Extreme

Turbulence intensity is ultimately based on EDR (eddy dissipation rate), a measure of how quickly the atmosphere is releasing energy; however, how this numerical value translates into inflight turbulence intensity depends on a given aircraft’s weight. The internet turbulence layer provides an objective (forecast) measure of EDR which will need to be interpreted in the context of a given aircraft’s weight category to arrive at an actual turbulence intensity. The SXAR1 turbulence layer, on the other hand, assumes a medium aircraft weight category and provides actual turbulence intensity for aircraft in that category; smaller aircraft will experience more severe turbulence at a given intensity and larger aircraft will experience less severe turbulence.

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 10 The following graphics correlating EDR with turbulence intensity for each weight category can be used as a rough guide: Light Aircraft (takeoff weight of 15,500 lbs or less)

Medium Aircraft (takeoff weight of 15,501 to 299,999 lbs)

Heavy Aircraft (takeoff weight of 300,000 lbs or more)

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 11 XM Freezing Level The Freezing Level layer uses colored gradients (and when zoomed-in, altitudes in feet at the color borders) to depict the lowest altitude at which freezing and icing may occur across the continental U.S., southern Canada, and northern Mexico.

Altitude (ft)

SFC

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

11000

12000

13000

14000

15000

16000

17000

18000

19000

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 12 XM Surface Visibility The XM Surface Visibility layer shows a near-term forecast of surface visibility using colors to indicate forecast surface visibilities ranging from 10 to 0 statute miles.

Visibility (mi)

0 statute mi

0.25 statute mi

0.5 statute mi

0.75 statute mi

1.0 statute mi

1.5 statute mi

2 statute mi

3 statute mi

4 statute mi

5 statute mi

6 statute mi

7 statute mi

8 statute mi

9 statute mi

10 statute mi

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 13 Surface Analysis Legend (Internet & SXAR1)

Feature Symbol

Isobars

Pressure Labels

High Pressure Centers

Low Pressure Centers

Cold Front

Warm Front

Occluded Front

Stationary Front

Trough

Squall Line (XM only)

Dry Line (XM only)

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 14 Radar Legends (when from Internet)

Lightning (in last 5 minutes)

Mesocyclone activity (Vortex of rising , rotating air)

Tornado

Hail

PIREP Legend

Icing PIREPs (increasing severity)

Turbulence PIREPs (increasing severity)

Sky & Weather PIREP

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 15 Enhanced Satellite The Enhanced Satellite layer uses a combination of visible and infrared satellite imagery to provide a global image of cloud formations. Visible satellite images are primarily used during daytime and are “enhanced” with infrared highlights for the highest cloud tops. During the night, when visible satellite images are not available, the layer relies entirely on infrared images. Shades of gray are used to represent the lowest-topped clouds; the darker the shade of gray, the lower the cloud tops. Above the lightest shades of gray you may see blueish colors representing still colder and higher tops. Above this, shades of yellow, orange and red represent the coldest and highest cloud tops. As the temperature of the atmosphere generally decreases with height, a pilot can get a pretty good idea which clouds are high-level and which are low-level based on the color or shades of gray depicted. Cold cloud tops are often indicative of active thunderstorms that can produce severe or extreme convective turbulence. One thing to note is that thick cirrus clouds at very high altitudes will also show up as very cold clouds even though they may not be associated with deep, moist convection. Most of the time these high cirrus clouds do not have the same cellular appearance as convective clouds and thus have very little variation in color. See the temperatures that correspond to different colors in the table on the next page.

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 16 Based on RGB values assigned to temperature range(s) Temperature ºC Color Relative Cloud Top Height

-83 Higher -75

-70

-65

-63

-54

-50.2

-50

-38

-28

+12 Lower

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 17 Color IR Satellite Unlike the Enhanced Satellite layer, the Color IR Satellite layer relies solely on infrared satellite imagery to display global cloud coverage, and uses a more refined color scale to represent cloud top temperature. The IR Satellite layer is a close cousin of the static color IR satellite images found in the Imagery view. The static images show not only the temperature of the cloud tops using the same colors, but also the temperature of the surface of the earth. This can make it difficult to know where clouds exist and where the sky is clear. The main improvement of the Color IR Satellite layer over the static images is that it attempts to mask out regions where the sky is clear, showing the map background in those regions instead of the surface temperature. While this masking algorithm works a majority of the time, it can be difficult to get it right every single time simply using temperature alone. For example, anytime there’s a shallow low-topped stratus deck, the tops of the clouds may actually be slightly warmer than the surface of the earth courtesy of a surface-based temperature inversion. So the algorithm may have a difficult time discerning where it is cloudy or clear. It’s important to always enable the Sky Coverage layer to pick up on these issues when they occur. You can learn more about the Color IR Satellite layer and how it can be used to gauge cloud height by reading this blog post by weather scientist Scott Dennstaedt. See the temperatures that correspond to different colors in the table on the next page.

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 18 Based on RGB values assigned to temperature range(s) Temperature ºC Color Relative Cloud Top Height

-72 Higher -68 -64 -60 -56 -52 -48 -44 -40 -36 -32 -28 -24 -20 -16 -12 -8 -4 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 47 Transparent Lower

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 19 Weather Layer Color Coding

Weather Overlay Color coding

LIFR: Magenta. Ceiling less than 500 feet and/or visibility less than 1 mile.

IFR: Red. Ceiling 500 to less than 1,000 feet and/or visibility 1 to less than 3 miles.

Flight Category MVFR: Blue. Ceiling 1,000 to 3,000 feet and/or visibility 3 to 5 miles inclusive.

VFR: Green. Ceiling greater than 3,000 feet and visibility greater than 5 miles; includes sky clear.

Unknown: gray question-mark Altitudes < 12,000’ Altitudes ≥ 12,000’

0-29 knots 0-69 knots

30-39 knots 70-89 knots

Winds Aloft 40-49 knots 90-109 knots (wind barb color) 50-59 knots 110-124 knots

60-69 knots 125-149 knots

≥70 knots ≥150 knots

Black: Peak <20 knots Surface Wind Orange: Peak 20-30 knots: (wind barb color) Red: Peak >30 knots:

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 20 Wind direction is in “true” degrees depicted by a stem (line) pointed in the direction the winds are coming from. Barbs indicate speed in 5 knot increments. Wind Barb Short barb = 5 kts; Long barb = 10 kts; Flag = 50 kts symbology Examples: Calm

5 kts 15 kts 60 kts

0-4° C: Orange Dew Point Spread ≥5° C: Green

<3° C: Red

Temperature 3-34° C: Green

≥35° C: Orange

<1 SM: Magenta

Visibility 1-2 SM: Red (same as Flight Category colors) 3-5 SM: Blue >5 SM: Green

<500’: Magenta

Ceiling 500’-999’: Red (same as Flight Category colors) 1000’-2999’: Blue

≥3000’: Green

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 21 Sky Clear

Few

Scattered Sky Coverage Broken

Overcast

Vertical Visibility

Icing PIREPs

PIREPs Turbulence PIREPs

Sky & Weather PIREP

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 22 Aeronautical Maps Symbols The following symbols are shown on the Aeronautical Maps layer:

Civil Airports with Services Civil Airports without Services (with and without tower) (with and without tower) Military Airports Private Airports (with and without tower) (with and without tower) Seaplane Bases with Seaplane Bases without Services (w/ and w/o tower) Services (w/ and w/o tower) Heliports (light map color Heliports (dark map color scheme) scheme)

Standard fix RNAV fix

Standard fix (Compulsory) RNAV Fix (Compulsory)

VOR Navaid VOR/DME Navaid

VORTAC Navaid NDB Navaid

FBO Location (on ForeFlight NDB/DME Navaid airport diagram) ARTCC Boundary ADIZ

Class B/TMA/CTA Airspace Class B Altitude (USA)

Class C Airspace Class C Altitude (USA)

Class D Airspace Class D Altitude (USA)

Class E to Surface (USA) Mode C (USA) TRSA (USA) SATR Area (USA) CTR MOA/Alert/Training Airspace RMZ ATZ/TIZ/TIA MATZ TSA/TRA

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 23 Caution/Warning/Danger Prohibited/Restricted Airspace Airspace Other Airspace VOR Airways/Jetways RNAV Routes FIS Boundary

ARTCC Sector Stamps Global Airspace Altitude Labels

Helipad

Airway ID (MEA)

Airway ID (MEA / Heading based on route)

VFR (Europe only)

VFR Waypoint VFR Waypoint (Compulsory)

VFR Helicopter Waypoint VFR Helicopter Waypoint (Compulsory) HIRTA (High Intensity Radio Landmarks Transmission Area)

Low Point Bird Refuge

Model Flights VFR Arrival

VFR Departure VFR Arrival & Departure VFR Flight Corridors IFR Flight Corridors Helicopter Procedure VFR Transit Route Traffic Circuit (Non- Traffic Circuit standard aircraft) Directional Traffic Circuit Directional Traffic Circuit (Non-standard aircraft)

Nature Area No Overfly Area

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 24 Fuel Parking

Tower Cashier

Beacon Tower (Lit)

Windsock

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 25 TFRs

Red TFR Active now or within 8 hours

TFR Details View by tapping TFR shape on map

Yellow TFR Going active 8+ hours from now

TFR legend

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 26 AIRMETs, SIGMETs, and CWAs AIRMETs, SIGMETs, and CWAs cover regions provided by FAA, as well as international SIGMETs. The shapes are colored-coded based on type:

Blue for freezing level and icing conditions. Orange for turbulence and high winds. Purple for IFR. Pink for mountain obscuration. Yellow for convective outlooks. Red for SIGMETs of all types. Center Weather Advisories receive the same color as their underlying report (eg: Purple for IFR, etc...) These types can be selectively filtered from the map using the four buttons that appear at the bottom of the screen when the layer is selected. Tap an AIR/SIGMET/CWA shape to display a popup listing all advisories at that location, then tap on one to see full details about the advisory, including the highlighted lateral boundary; this is especially useful when multiple *METs overlap in one place.

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 27 General Aviation Forecasts: GAFOR (Europe only) The General Aviation Forecasts layer displays color-coded GAFOR indexes in regions for France and Germany, and GAFOR routes for Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, and Croatia.

GAFOR is updated multiple times per day, but is not available later at night (typically between 0000Z-0300Z). During this time selecting the layer will display hashmarks and “Data not available.”

Tap on a GAFOR icon to see the Index, time periods, and additional weather information: the reference altitude for that region or route, the cloud base height in feet, and the visibility in kilometers

The GAFOR Indexes are: C - Clear: Visibility greater than 10km and cloud bases higher 5,000ft - Used only in Germany O - Open: Visibility greater than 8km and cloud bases higher than 2,000ft. D - Difficult: Visibility greater than 5km and cloud bases higher than 1,000ft M - Marginal: Visibility greater than 1.5km and cloud bases higher than 500ft X - Closed: Any visibility with cloud bases lower than 500ft or any cloud base with visibility less then 1.5km / - Data Unavailable.

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 28 Hazard Advisor™

Hazard Advisor™ legend

Yellow Hazard 1000’-100’ below current altitude

Red Hazard 100‘ below to above current altitude

Note: Yellow & Red altitude bands can be selected on the Maps page when viewing the “Profile” tab.

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 29 ADS-B Traffic Symbols Moving traffic targets are displayed as “arrowheads” pointing in the direction that the target is traveling. Stationary targets, or ones with no direction or speed information, are shown as diamonds. Airborne traffic targets are shown in blue while surface targets are shown in brown. When a traffic target is within 5 NM horizontally and +/- 1,200’ vertically of your current position, the target’s color changes to yellow. The relative altitude (in 100’s of feet) between your current altitude and the target’s altitude is shown with a + indicating above and a - indicating below your current altitude.

Stationary target, or Moving target unknown direction/ (+33 is 3,300’ above) speed (-30 is 3,000’ below)

Climbing Descending >500 ft/min >500 ft/min (+5 is 500’ above) (+16 is 1,600’ above)

Within 5NM and +/- Ground target 1,200 (brown) (+9 is 900’ above)

The TrafficTrend™ vector is projected out of the front of the arrowhead to indicate the target’s expected position in the next 60 seconds (longer vector = faster speed). IMPORTANT: Because of the way the ADS-B system (including aircraft ADS-B transmitters & receivers, and ADS-B ground stations) operates, ForeFlight Mobile may at times show relative altitudes of traffic targets based on the pressure altitude detected from your aircraft’s ADS-B transmitter, and the pressure altitude read from a traffic target’s ADS-B data. As a result of the cumulative inaccuracies in pressure altitude systems, you should consider any target shown to be within 500’ vertically as potentially being at the same altitude as your aircraft. Never use ADS-B traffic data from ForeFlight Mobile as the sole means of traffic avoidance; always use “See & Avoid” or direct instructions from ATC.

ForeFlight Mobile Legends v12.6 and later! 30