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Of the Seto Inland Sea. I

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Of the Seto Inland Sea. I STUDIES ON MARINE GAMMARIDEAN AMP皿PODA OF THE SETO INLIAND SEA． 11） Klz6NAGATA Inland Sea Regional Fisheries Research Laboratory，Hiroshima ▽V〃h15T6撹・fg％7θ3 CONTENTS Page PART I．Systematic Account． Introduction．．，，，，．．＿＿．．．．．，＿＿＿＿。．．＿．＿＿，＿9． 。131 Material（副≠h FJg。1） 。133 Acknowle（1gements ．135 Historical review of systematic works＿。＿ ．136 List of the species descr王be（i in this paper． ．138 Systematics（ω露h F匁3．2－15），， ．141 Key to the27families in this paper．．． ，141 Lysianassi（1ae．．＿＿．．．＿＿＿。＿。＿。＿，＿，．＿． ．142 Ampeliscidae＿．．＿． ．150 Argissi（1ae ．154 Haustoriidae ．155 Phoxocephalidae ．156 Amphilochidae ．157 Leucothoi（iae ．157 Stenotho圭dae ．160 Liljeborgii（iae＿＿．．，、＿＿、．＿ ．160 Oe（iiceroti（1ae ，＿．．．＿．．． ．168 PART I．SYSTEMATIC ACCOUNT Introduction Benthic marine gammaridean amphipo（1s form an important component among small crustaceans of littoral sea bottom，an（1are one of the important members of benthic communities in company with polychaetes and molluscans quantitatively．It is also well known that gammari（leans are frequently foun（1 in the stomachs of benthos－feeding fishes as prey－animals．Nevertheless，the 1） Contribution No．111from the Naikai Regional Fisheries Research Laboratory，Fisheries Agency． Pub1．Seto Mar．BioL Lab．，X皿（2），131－170，1965．（Article8） 132 K。NAGATA systematic knowledge of the marine gammaridean amphipods on the coast of Japan is very insumcient． The caprellidean an（i hyperi（1ean amphipods have hitherto been reported by Huzio U』TINoMI（1947〉and．Haruhiko IRIE（1959） respectively，and the terrestria1，subterranean，an（1fresh water gammarideans by W．M．TATTERsALL，Masuzo U’益No，K6z6AKATsuKA，Taku KoMAI，and by other several authors．As a matter of fact，the poverty of the systematic knowledge has much interrupted the a（ivance in ecological researches of the Iittoral area．The gammari（lean fauna of the littoral area is rich both in the number of species and in quantity，and as far as I examine，it is reasonable that a fairly goQd numbers of endemic species were found in the present study，though benthic amphipods have been generally（1eeme（1to show a wide range of（iistribution． Recently J．：L．BARNARD（1959〉gave a very interesting figure conceming the number of familiesンgenera，an（1species of subor（ier Gammari（iea of the world described up to the year1956： Families 57 Genera 605 Species 3146 Accor（1ing to habita亡，they are divided as follows： 2376Marine and brackish species Stream and lake species 400 Lake Baikal species 232 Terrestrial species 88 Subterranean species 50 About200species of gammaride3ns are now kept in my hand，taken from the coast of Japan．It is interesting to put them in systematic order，bu隻 frustrating，especiaIly，when there are no available references in Japan． I have，therefore，requested available copies of benthic amphipo〔is to the col・ 1eagues in the foreign countries．Howeverンit seems to be very hard to accomplish the work very soon．I am now examining a large number of specimens from the various localities of the Japanese coαst，which are sent to me by several ecologists for identi丘cation．On completing the present stu（1y it will afford an information to the geographical（listribution of the fauna，an（i will give a basic knowle（lge to the study of benthic communities being un（1ertaken by some ecologists． Most of material for the taxonomical study have been taken from the Seto Inlan（l Sea．The species from the Seto Inland Sea were usually foun（1 also on all the other Japanese coasts，from the west coast of Ky盒sh血to Mutsu Bay，the northemmost bay of Honsh血．These inlan（1bays belong to“warm temperate”area，so far as the water temperature is conceme（i．I believe Gσ〃z卿σ7づ46σ％ ノ1卸z1うみづカ04σ o∫渉h6 S6’o 正κ1α％4S6σ，1 133 that almost all the species commonly found in the Japanese inshore waters are represente（1in this paper． Material The sources of material here dealt with are summarise（1as follows（see Fig．1）： Area I：Kasaoka Bay，material compose（i of284specimens taken by Ekman－Lenz bottom sampler（0．02sq．m．）（1uring the perio（is from Jan．1953to Mar．1956；depth，2。1－15．5m l collected by R．KITAMoRI＆S．KoBAYAsHI。 Area II＝Fukuyama inlet，50specimens from13collections carrie（10ut seasonally between Mar・1954and Jan・1955；depth，2．2－4．5m l collecting gear an（1members both the same as above． Area III：Hiuchi Mada，27specimens from10stations by Okayama－maru （Okayama Pref．Fish．Exper．Stat．），Mar．22－26，1954；depth2，2－25．Om，both collecting gear an（l members are the same as above． Area IV：Mihara Bay，31368specimens from9seasonal surveys between Feb．1956and Mar．1957；（1epths of low－water marks to about25m，Ekman－ Lenz sampler＆bottom－1ayer net（see NAGATA1960，ng・1）2collected by R．KITAMoR正，S．KoBAYAsHI，an（1the writer． Area V：Estuary of the Ota，Hiroshima Pref。，399specimens from4 seasonal surveys between Mar．1956an（10ct。19561depth O．4－11。6m，Ekman－ Lenz sampler，collected by R KITAMoRI＆S・KoBAYAsHI・ Area VI：且osonosu，north of Hoso Shima，Hiroshima Pref．1629specimens from4seasonal surveys between Oct．1956and Feb．1957；（1epthンshallower than3．O m；Ekman－Lenz sampler＆bottom・layer net，collecte（1by R・KITAMoRI， S．KoBAYAsHIンand，the writer． Area VII：Inshore waters of Momo Shima，Hiroshima Pref．，766specimens， Jan．23，1957；depth，1。5－10．5m，Ekman－lenz sampler＆bottom・layer net，col－ Iecte（1by R。KITAMoRI＆S，KloBAYAsHL Area V皿：Estuaries of the Kanzaki（Mar．28an（131，1958）and the Yodo （Aug．29，1958），Osaka Bay，20specimens from the pollute（i wate area l（iepth， shallower than10m，Ekman－Lenz，collecte〔1by R。KITAMoRI＆Z。K6BE。 Area IX－a：Front of Ono－Branch of our laboratory，OnouraンHiroshima pref．，intertidal area，May27，1959125specimens found among eelgrass （Zo惚耀郷郷）expose（1in low water，collecte（1by K。FuNAE。 Area IX－b：The same area as above，Zos≠6解belt near low－water marks， 911specimens obtaine（i at a depth of O、5m in low water，by pushing a coarse net strongly so as to drag the sea一且oor；May11，1960，collected by K．FuNAE ＆the writer． Area IX－c：The same Zoε渉θ名σbelt as above，July27an（128，1961；56 134 K．NAGATA 3d 1鱗 、、Y・識・顯 lV灘羅oshima 職 魯綿娩 講．ポ、 lvl鞭 噂 篭驚 翻，V・・ 謹．』 畠盤、 群黙 XIII ゆ曽 III 露魎命麟警“ 蒙覇 懸温⑳ 恥 難 ，職 犠 XIV 麟「4繊 』℃、 θ 34 騨居 肉、 難黙 び 螺 紅 鹸 o 鯉簡 ．轄－ 繋 鰻多 「 SHIKOKU 砂 講嚢蓉 ・d藷 襲灘 擁轟 1 3dl薄 3d 灘騨細1 伊 32’ 133 0 Fig． 1．Map of Seto Inland Sea showing the coIlecting area of materials dealt with in this paper，exclu（1ing“Area VIII”。 specimens，collecting metho（1as above，collected by K FuNAE＆the writer、 Area IX一（1：The same belt as above，1671specimens by noctumal surveys between Aug．30an（i Oct．10in19621horizontal－tow by plankton net along thesurfacewatersofO．8－3．9min〔1epthinhighwater（seePartII）． Area X：Neighbo皿ing waters of Atata Shima，hiroshima Bay；328speci－ mens from4collections by bottom－layer net；June2－3，1959；15．0－13．O m in depth；collected by R KITAMoRI，K FuNAE，an（1the writeL Area XI－a：Eastem area of Su6Na（1a，5673specimens from14collections by bottom－layer net，between June12－16，19591depths about30－60m；collect－ ed．by R．KITAMoRI（see Fig．47，an（1Table4）。 Area XI－b：The second survey of the same area as above，3689specimens from29collections by bottom－layer net，between Sept．2－5，19601（1epths ca． 10－60m；collecte（1byR．KITAMoRI（seeFig。47，an（1Table5）。 Area XII：Front of the beach of Itsukaichi，Hiroshima Pref．，Oct．19， 1960；185specimens foun（1together with the excrements of oyster in the ex－ perimental basket suspende（1from the oyster・raft at a（1epth about10m from the bottom；collected by U．KoBAYAsRI。 σσ”z吻αプ」4θσ％ ノ1郷力hづ1り04α oノ’hθ Sθ渉0 1n〆αn4S6σ，1 135 Area XIII－a；Near Kanematsuhana，south coast of Miyajima，Hiroshima Bay；Sσ7gσ33襯zoneン2－4m in depth；Dec，8，1961135specimens fom（i by formalin－washing of algea taken by“ebikogi”net；collected by R OKAMoTo ＆K。FUNAE． Area XIII－b：The same location as aboveンJan，8，19621220，specimens fom（1among algae obtaine（i by the same net as above l collecte（i by R． OKAMOTO＆K．FUNAE． Area XIV：Beach of Okam皿a－jima，Aki Nada；61specimens l May31， 1962；among algae or under stones near low－water marks；collected by K FUNAE． Acknowledgements I wish to express my sincere gratitu（ie to Professor Otohiko TANAKA of Ky血sh血University for his deep interest an（i great attainments on this amphipo（1work followed by his critical rea〔ling of the manuscript．On the other hand，I am〔ieeply grateful to the following Persons for their continuous encouragements an（i many valuable advices throughout the course of this work：Prof．Huzio UTINoMI of Seto Marine Biological Laboratory，Ky6to Uni－ versity；prof．Sadayoshi MIYAKE of KyOshロUniversity；Prof．Haruhiko IRIE of Nagasaki University・ I am also indebted to the following Persons of our laboratory for their generous supPort of this fundamental work of the且sheries research through the comprehensive faculty；Dr・Tasuku HANAoKA・the former（1irector of our Laboratory；Mr．Yoshikazu YAMANAKA，the present director；and all of other members，especially to Dr。Tomowo HAYAsHI who has provi（le（1me with many facilities required for the progress of this study・My hearty thanks are also （iue to the next gentlmen for the collection and presentation of materials； Mr．Zir6K6BE who is a sta鉦of Osaka Prefectural Fisheries Experimental Station，and all of the others who are members of our Iaboratory，particularly to Dr．Ry6nosuke KITAMoRI，one of Polychaete workers in Japan，who has placed a great deal of his coIlecting amphipo（i materials at my（1isposal throughout the course of this work，and to Mr・Katumi FuNAE for his many kin（1an（1generous ai（1s ten〔1ere（i（iirectly me in preparing this paper。 Here，I wish to take an oPPortunity to express my acknowledgements for the following foreign workers who have kindly sent to me a large number of available references complying my requests to the pursuit of my work： Dr．」．Laurens BARNARD，Beau（iette Foun（iiation，Califomia；Dr・Thomas
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