7th INTREPID Report Gagliato: A framework for future growth By James Anderson, Emma Kingman Rob Wills With contributions from: Prue Chiles January 2018 2 Gagliato A framework for future growth James Anderson, Emma Kingman & Rob Wills January 2018 Gagliato, Calabria Giovanni Sinopoli NanoGagliato Paola Ferrari Professor Mauro Ferrari Creative Small Settlements Professor Paolo Ceccarelli Dr. Giulio Verdini University of Westminster Dr. Giulio Verdini Newcastle University Professor Prue Chiles MArch ‘Linked Research’ Students 2017 - 2018 Emma Kingman James Anderson Robert Wills With funding from Cost_Intrepid Dr. Olivia Bina Sustainable Regeneration “..development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” 1 1- Brundtland, G. H. (1987). Brundtland Report. Our Common Future. Comissão Mundial. CONTENTS Introduction p1 1 p6 2 p36 3 p56 4 p74 5 p114 6 p118 Understanding the Gagliato: The Town NUATI1 Creative The Way Forward Reflective Bibliography context of Gagliato Towns Workshop Recommendations p7 Introducing Calabria p37 Gagliato in Context p57 Introducing the Workshop p75 Gagliato’s future focus p115 Recommendations for Gagliato p119 Bibliography p9 Mediterranean History of Calabria p39 Beauty & Opportunities at a glance p59 Activities During the Week p77 Proposals for Gagliato p123 Image References p11 A Timeline of Calabrian History p41 Plan of Gagliato Today p61 Workshop Groups p79 Topography Section through Gagliato p21 The History of the Urban Form of p43 Property Ownership in Gagliato p71 Outcomes of the Workshop p81 Main Street Elevations Calabria p45 Existing Businesses in Gagliato p85 Establishing a Vocabulary of p23 Industry in Calabria & Gagliato p47 Demographics of Gagliato Greenery p25 Agriculture in Calabria & Gagliato p51 History of NanoGagliato p87 Short Term: Potential Competitions p27 New Enterprises & Inspiring p53 NanoGagliato Projects p89 Short Term: Colouring the Town Entrepreneurs in Calabria p99 Medium Term: Develop Piazzas and p29 Tourism in Calabria the High street p33 Challenges & Potentials for Calabria p111 Gagliato in the Long Term Introduction UNESCO Global Report 2013 Explaining the report context & the associated stakeholders NUATI1 Non-Profit Org NanoGagliato Creative Small Non-Profit Org Settlements Te following report is a result of the one needed to achieve the following Sociology and Public Health. Complimentary Report summer 2017 design workshop hosted specific criteria; to liaise concretely with by the Comune di Gagliato and run by local governments; to be engaged in the To facilitate this, NUATI1, (Te New the non-profit organisation, NUATI1, as local decision making advising on how Urban Agenda Translational Initiative), well as a follow-up visit to the town in to promote the regeneration of heritage, was formed in October 2016 by November. the support of local cultures and the Giulio Verdini and Paola Ferrari. Te experimentation of new compatible and organisation operates in two main areas; In early 2017 Giulio Verdini and Paolo innovative activities; to pursue a non- participatory community development Gagliato Commune di Ceccarelli produced a complimentary tourist strategy of local development and education, with particular aims South Italy report, Creative Small Settlements, to the and/or a low impact tourist one. 2 in implementing the UNESCO 2030 Gagliato UNESCO Global report relating to the sustainable development goals. particular chapter on ‘enhanced urban- Gagliato, a small town in southern Italy, rural linkages’. was among one of the cases selected as “Our mission is to find practical solutions an example of local sustainability, and to tackle the problems of marginalized UNESCO has most recently promoted therefore, it was considered as a suitable communities, affected by the negative a human-centred vision of urban pilot project to test new culture based externalities of excessive concentration of development and is fostering the study solutions and innovative ideas for its resources into urban agglomerations.” 4 of alternative forms of creative urban durable development. development.2 Tis vision is in an Te following chapters introduce the attempt to understand how culture and NanoGagliato, an annual Nano- Calabrian region and Gagliato in more creativity can effectively fight processes Technology conference, was the main detail, describes the Creative Towns of urban and regional marginalisation reason Gagliato was a chosen case. Workshop and its outcomes, and and decline. Stemming from the annual conference highlights the way forward for the small Calabrian an educational NGO, the Academy of town of Gagliato. Government Te complimentary report addresses NanoGagliato was set up with the aim the understanding of how culture can to implement and disseminate STEM enhance the overall sustainability of learning among 4 to 19 year olds. 3 Diagram showing the stakeholders involved in the Creative Towns complex urban and regional formations.2 Workshop 2017. Teir research primarily investigates Tis initial step taken by NanoGagliato 2- Verdini, Giulio, and Paolo Ceccarelli, Creative Small Settlements: Culture Based Solutions for Local Sustainable case studies where academia and NGOs has opened up the discussion locally Development (London: University of Westminster, 2017) have assisted local governments to of how to implement further original 3- Verdini, Giulio, Alessandra Mossa, Chris Nolf, Paolo achieve local sustainable development techniques to sustainably regenerate Ceccarelli, Etra Connie Occhialini, and Paola Ferrari, Creative and inclusionary forms of governance of their town.3 Gagliato therefore, hosted Towns Workshop: Gagliato, Calabria: ‘Nanotown’ Regeneration culture and cultural heritage in specific the participatory design workshop in the for Durable Local Development (University of Westminster, February 2017) locations around the world. summer of 2017 involving students and staff with a background in Architecture, 4- NUATI1, ‘The New Urban Agenda Translational Initiative’, NUATI1, 2017 <https://NUATI1.org/about/> [accessed 10 May A series of cases were selected, and each Urban Planning, Local Development, 2017] 1. 2. Naples & Rome A3 Introduction Pollino National Where is Gagliato? A3 Riserva Statale Trenta Coste Cosenza Parco Nazionale della Sila Consenza Gagliato is situated close to the Ionian Te region of Calabria is dominated by Te recent construction, which is coast in the province of Catanzaro. It is the Appenine mountains running from still ongoing, of a bypass connecting a small rural town at an altitude of 450m, the North of Italy to the very southern Gagliato’s main road with the provincial A3 an area of approximately 6km2 and with tip of the peninsula, Reggio Calabria. highway now gives greater connectivity Crotone a population of 515 inhabitants (2013). Te highest point is located near Reggio to surrounding villages and tourist Te town has seen a steady population Calabria at 1,955m5 on Mount Montalto attractions such as the Serra San Bruno.6 Tyrrhenian Sea decline since the 1950’s with inhabitant’s in the Aspromonte National Park. seeking a better quality of life in places such as Canada and Switzerland. Te closest city to Gagliato is Catanzaro A3 located one hour north from the town Lamezia terme Airport In 1783, the town was devastated by and its closest airport, Lamezia Terme, Catanzaro Catanzaro an earthquake with the majority of the is of similar distance to the West coast historic core surrounding the church along the motorway, E848. destroyed and rebuilt. Soverato Marina Te recently finished A3 Motorway Gagliato is located in the Southern Italian running from Salerno and then south Gagliato, Calabria Pilot town region of Calabria, which itself is made to Reggio Calabria allows for easier 5-http://calabria.indettaglio.it/eng/comuni/cz/gagliato/gagliato. up of five different provinces; Cosenza, connections along the West Coast of html Vibo Valentia A3 Crotone, Catanzaro, Vibo Valentia and Calabria. 6-Verdini, Giulio, and Paolo Ceccarelli, Creative Small Settlements: Culture Based Solutions for Local Sustainable Train Station Reggio Calabria. Development (London: University of Westminster, 2017) A3 Ionian Sea Calabria A3 Reggio Calabria Destination Distance by car Time Taken Soverato 10.3km 16mins Catanzaro 55.2km 56mins Parco Nazionale dell'Aspromonte Lamezia Terme 67.3km 56mins Reggio Calabria 130km 104mins Reggio Calabria Cosenza 158km 111mins Naples 436km 283mins Rome 643km 403mins Destinations from Gagliato Map of the Mediterranean region Regional Map of Calabria 3. 4. 1 1.Understanding the context of Gagliato • Introducing Calabria Mediterranean History of Calabria • A Timeline of Calabrian History • The History of the Urban Form of Calabria • Industry in Calabria & Gagliato • Agriculture in Calabria & Gagliato • New Enterprises & Inspiring Entrepreneurs in Calabria • Tourism in Calabria • Challenges & Potentials for Calabria As a starting point for researching the effects of rural to urban migration and the marginalisation of Gagliato in particular, it was important to compile information regarding the town itself and the surrounding area. Tis was in order to gain a general understanding of the region and the social, political and environmental influences taking place. Tis was roughly broken down into 4 categories; the history of Calabria, the social situation in the wider area, the economics of Calabria and regional development in terms of the creativity showcased