DOCSLIB.ORG

Adaptive Reuse of Urban Industrial Buildings

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Adaptive Reuse of Urban Industrial Buildings Adaptive Reuse of Urban Industrial Buildings Kathy Craft-Reich,Craft Architects, PLLC Ed Klimek, AIA, NCARB, KSS Architects Illa Labroo, KSS Architects Zeshan Malik, Ware Malcomb Eric Maribojoc, George Mason University Chris Santacroce, Dekker/Perich/Sabatini Ltd. Steve Teitelbaum, Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority Facilitators Eric Maribojoc Kathy Craft-Reich Ed Klimek, AIA, NCARB Illa Labroo George Mason University Craft Architects, PLLC KSS Architects KSS Architects Executive Director, Center for Founder and CEO Partner Architectural Associate Real Estate Entrepreneurship School of Business Facilitators Zeshan Malik Chris Santacroce Steve Teitelbaum Ware Malcomb Dekker/Perich/Sabatini Ltd. Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority Senior Project Manager Intern Architect Senior Real Estate Advisor Photo from Douglas Dev’t. Photo from Douglas Dev’t. In 1975, Washington D.C. had 120 million square feet of industrial-zoned land. Today, the city has 90 million square feet of industrial-zoned land, 25% less than in 1975. Picture from EDENS Why is it important to preserve urban industrial land and buildings? Extensive base of production, distribution, and repair (PDR) businesses: Diversity of local economy Entrepreneurial opportunities, particularly for small businesses: Growth of new companies Locally produced goods and services: History and authenticity of places Convenient access to repair and other services for residents Equity: Entry-level and career ladder jobs for lower-skilled workers Support for day-to-day municipal operations - Based on Ward 5 Works Report Challenges High Land Values: Need to attract higher value-added industrial uses Compatible and integrated with the character and needs of their immediate neighborhoods Preserve history and authenticity of urban industrial places Food Photos from DC Office of Planning Beverage Photos from DC Office of Planning Shared Maker Spaces “New” Industries: Vinyl revival - D.C. area will be home to one of the nation’s biggest record-pressing factories Photo from thevinylfactory.com New Technologies: There's a diamond 'mine' in a Washington-area office park Gillian Brockell/The Washington Post) New Urban Logistics and Distribution Photo from Starship Enterprises New Forms: Multi-Story Warehouses Picture from KSS Architects Picture from Ware Malcomb New Forms: Multi-Story Flex Spaces Photo from DiLoreto Architecture Adaptive Industrial Re-use Case Study: WMATA Northern Bus Garage WASHINGTON METROPOLITAN AREA TRANSIT AUTHORITY (WMATA) Photos from WMATA ALONG IOWA STREET AND SIDE STREETS • Approximately 5.35 acres – Improvements of 200,000 s.f. and a parking deck of approximately 30,000 s.f. – 690 feet of frontage along 14th Street – Lesser street frontages along Arkansas and Iowa Avenues and Buchanan Street – Site slopes down from northwest corner (14th and Decatur Streets) to southeast corner (Arkansas Avenue and Buchanan Street) by about 12-16 feet • Neighborhood – Neighborhood retail strip on 14th Street opposite garage front – Single-family homes, row houses and semi-attached houses – Some institutional use across from southeast corner (religious) – Georgia Avenue corridor to the east, 16th Street corridor to the west • Currently PDR-1 for industrial use The PDR-1 zone is intended to permit moderate-density commercial and PDR activities employing a large workforce and requiring some heavy machinery under controls that minimize any adverse impacts on adjacent, more restrictive zones. (FAR max: 3.5; Max height: 50 feet) • As part of ongoing Comprehensive Plan process, WMATA has requested Low Density Commercial, Moderate Density Residential and Local Public Facility to increase flexibility – Action hoped for in mid-2019 • PUD possible HISTORIC PRESERVATION: CAPITAL CITY TRACTION COMPANY CAR BARN . Original building constructed 1906-1907 . Added later: . Northern addition (a/k/a 4729 14th Street NW) . Decatur Street garage entrance . Parking deck at southern end of site . Buchanan Street addition . Listed in DC Inventory of Historic Sites . Listed in National Register of Historic Places Photos from WMATA Neighborhood: ESRI Demographic Report Meetings with neighborhood groups show that they want any redevelopment to include: Green space and areas for social gatherings Spaces for neighborhood amenities such as play/sports/exercise space More food options for the area – a grocer would be great! More areas that are attractive for walkers and better street connections Buildings with better facades and improved lighting Adequate parking for any new development and uses, no additional parking on streets No big boxes! Some Assumptions: . Basic transaction structure . Build a new bus garage on-site as part of private development . New bus garage to be below, private development above . Assume WMATA will handle the design and cost of the new bus garage . Private developer to handle construction on a fee basis . Private developer to handle design, construction and cost of private development . 98-year ground lease to developer of private component . WMATA will own the land and the new bus garage . Developer will ground lease a component of the land and own its own improvements The Challenge What are the specific types of industrial uses that create the most value on the site? How can new types of industrial architecture respond to the historical use of the site as well as the historical architecture present at the site? What are the possible aspects of this development that could make it either more palatable or controversial for the surrounding community? What value can this bring to the developer as well as to the community? What does this potential development tell us about the inclusion of industrial uses in urban development? What does this exercise tell us about what might define urban industrial development?.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Technical and Technological Factors in Industrial Architecture Forms Creation: Historical Review
    TECHNICAL TRANSACTIONS CZASOPISMO TECHNICZNE ARCHITECTURE ARCHITEKTURA 7-A/2014 YELENA MOROZOVA* TECHNICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS IN INDUSTRIAL ARCHITECTURE FORMS CREATION: HISTORICAL REVIEW CZYNNIKI TECHNICZNE I TECHNOLOGICZNE W TWORZENIU FORM ARCHITEKTURY PRZEMYSŁOWEJ: PRZEGLĄD HISTORYCZNY Abstract This paper concerns technical and technological impacts on the process of the formation of in- dustrial architecture. All the formational factors from the 18th to the 20th century – in the epoch of industrial architecture – are examined with special emphasis on technical and technological aspects. In the course of various historical periods, these factors changed their influence. Some of them had a dominating position while others – only a corrective status. In this way, the evo- lution of the impact of technical and technological factors is observed. Keywords: industrial architecture, impact of technical factors, impact of technological factors Streszczenie Artykuł dotyczy wpływów techniki i technologii na proces tworzenia architektury przemysło- wej. Wszelkie czynniki formacyjne na przestrzeni XVIII–XX wieku – w dobie architektury przemysłowej – badane są ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem aspektów technicznych i technolo- gicznych. W różnych okresach historycznych zmieniał się wpływ tychże czynników. Niektóre z nich zajmowały pozycję dominującą, inne natomiast posiadały zaledwie status korekcyjny. W ten sposób obserwuje się ewolucję wpływu czynników technicznych i technologicznych. Słowa kluczowe: architektura przemysłowa, wpływ czynników technicznych, wpływ czynników technologicznych * Prof. Ph.D. Eng. Arch. Yelena Morozova, Department Architecture of Industrial Objects and Architectural Construction, Belarusian National Technical University, Minsk, Belarus. 176 As an independent type of the art of building, industrial architecture appeared relatively recently in the 18th century. It was a result of the introduction of a new production method: machine production.
    [Show full text]
  • The Adaptive Reuse of Industrial Heritage As Cultural Clusters in China: a Case Study in Chongqing
    The Adaptive Reuse of Industrial Heritage as Cultural Clusters in China: A Case Study in Chongqing By Jie Chen A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Faculty of the Built Environment University of New South Wales March 2018 PLEASE TYPE THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES Thesis/Dissertation Sheet Surname or Family name: CHEN First name: Jie Other name/s: Abbreviation for degree as given in the University calendar: PhD School: Built Environment Faculty: Built Environment Title: The Adaptive Reuse of Industrial Heritage as Cultural Clusters in China: A Case Study in Chongqing Abstract 350 words maximum: (PLEASE TYPE) Following the adoption of a socialist market economy throughout the late 1970s and 1980s, the Chinese city has accommodated radical changes in its urban landscapes, especially the dramatic transformation of large industrial sites. Along with the rapid urban transformation and the neglect of historic cores, Chinese cities are witnessing the rapid disappearance of industrial heritage. This negative reality of conservation practice raises a fundamental question about the reasons for such cultural myopia. To reveal the main factors that dominate the results of brownfield regeneration projects in urban China, this thesis reviewed theories on the production of space and the literature on the Chinese context. A single case study approach was adopted, collecting data from semi-structured interviews, document reviews and popular media. Through an investigation in the major industrial inland city of Chongqing, the thesis examined how the idea of industrial heritage reuse has travelled as a global concept with its Chinese precedents to Chongqing, and why the idea has been diluted in the regional context.
    [Show full text]
  • FORGOTTEN INFRASTRUCTURE: the Future of the Industrial Mundane
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Masters Theses Graduate School 8-2015 FORGOTTEN INFRASTRUCTURE: The Future of the Industrial Mundane Whitney Ann Manahan University of Tennessee - Knoxville, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes Part of the Architectural History and Criticism Commons, Environmental Design Commons, Historic Preservation and Conservation Commons, Interior Architecture Commons, Landscape Architecture Commons, and the Urban, Community and Regional Planning Commons Recommended Citation Manahan, Whitney Ann, "FORGOTTEN INFRASTRUCTURE: The Future of the Industrial Mundane. " Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 2015. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/3494 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Whitney Ann Manahan entitled "FORGOTTEN INFRASTRUCTURE: The Future of the Industrial Mundane." I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Architecture, with a major in Architecture. Tricia A. Stuth, Major Professor We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: James R. Rose, Brad P. Collett Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) FORGOTTEN INFRASTRUCTURE: The Future of the Industrial Mundane A Thesis Presented for the Master of Architecture Degree The University of Tennessee, Knoxville Whitney Ann Manahan August 2015 Copyright © 2015 by Whitney Ann Manahan.
    [Show full text]
  • Biography of an Industrial Landscape Biography of an Industrial Landscape Landscape and Heritage Studies
    LANDSCAPE AND HERITAGE STUDIES Riesto Biography of an Industrial Landscape Carlsberg’s Urban Spaces Retold Svava Riesto Biography of an Industrial Landscape Biography of an Industrial Landscape Landscape and Heritage Studies Landscape and Heritage Studies (LHS) is an English-language series about the history, heritage and transformation of the natural and cultural landscape and the built environment. The series aims at the promotion of new directions as well as the rediscovery and exploration of lost tracks in landscape and heritage research. Both theoretically oriented approaches and detailed empirical studies play an important part in the realization of this objective. The series explicitly focuses on: – the interactions between physical and material aspects of landscapes and landscape experiences, meanings and representations; – perspectives on the temporality and dynamic of landscape that go beyond traditional concepts of time, dating and chronology; – the urban-rural nexus in the context of historical and present-day transformations of the landscape and the built environment; – multidisciplinary, integrative and comparative approaches from geography, spatial, social and natural sciences, history, archaeology and cultural sciences in order to understand the development of human-nature interactions through time and to study the natural, cultural and social values of places and landscapes; – the conceptualization and musealization of landscape as heritage and the role of ‘heritagescapes’ in the construction and reproduction of memories and identities; – the role of heritage practices in the transmission, design and transformation of (hidden) landscapes and the built environment, both past and present; – the appropriation of and engagement with sites, places, destinations, landscapes, monuments and buildings, and their representation and meaning in distinct cultural contexts.
    [Show full text]
  • Sahar Sattari Master Thesis.Pdf
    Cover Illustration : https://www.a-r-c.dk/amager-bakke/for-naboer Synopsis Title: A major problem associated with the planning A Phronetic-Discursive of megaprojects is the high level of Assessment of Amager Bakke misinformation about costs (and benefits) and Megaproject the high risks such misinformation generates. And Decision makers often doubt the utility and necessity of such projects. This study seeks to investigate a controversial state-of- the-art megaproject, Amager Bakke, which Project period: assumed to be successful by many in the beginning, but it turned upside-down. This February 1st 20017- June 2nd 2017 project has had political and industrial attention at the highest levels both regionally and nationally, including ministers and industry. After the analysis two discourse coalitions were identified that display Author: opposing storylines. By Investigating the SeyedehSahar Sattari interplay between storylines the dominant discourses were identified, power-relations become unlocked, planning styles were distinguished, tension points were revealed and the consequences of the argumentations Supervisor: recognized. The aim of this study was to make a contribution to megaprojects planning and Søren Løkke decision making in the face of risk and uncertainty. Total number of pages: 102 Preface This report has been written in connection to the 10th semester requirements for the Master’s programme Urban, Energy and Environmental Planning / Urban Planning and Management, at the school of architecture, design and planning at Aalborg University. The research and writing was conducted from 1 February until 2 June 2017. The literature references are cited according to the Harvard reference style. All translations from Danish to English have been undertaken by the author, therefore any errors and omissions are entirely my own.
    [Show full text]
  • The Impossible Myth of the Vernacular City As a Paradigm for Optimising Resources
    THE IMPOSSIBLE MYTH OF THE VERNACULAR CITY AS A PARADIGM FOR OPTIMISING RESOURCES GONZÁLEZ DÍAZ María-Jesús1, GARCÍA-NAVARRO1 Justo, DORST Machiel2 1 Department of Construction and Rural Roads, Polytechnic University of Madrid (Spain). 2 Environmental Design, Department of Urbanism, Faculty of Architecture, Delft University of Technology (The Netherlands). Keywords: sustainable construction, resources, vernacular architecture, industrial architecture, Abstract: Vernacular architecture is considered an ideal way to understand design, as an example of simplicity and the conservation of resources, specifically energy. Along these lines, urbanism has proved to be the most suitable expression of humanity’s habitat in a specific geographical surrounding. However, the application of vernacular architecture and urbanism as a model no longer works, and it has become an unreachable myth. The current systems of construction have made the vernacular model of architecture impossible: a new paradigm must be reinvented and it has to be admitted that processes and society have changed, making current vernacular architecture meaningful only as a focus of study. The same research studies on favourably valuated buildings with current methods of environmental evaluation reflect this situation: these constructions cannot be identified within their own geographic context. In order to analyse this situation, certain conditions and basic elements have been schematically and generally identified allowing for the creation of vernacular architecture, including production methods, social structure and user participation in the process, among others. With this data, a fundamental framework for comparison has been established. This framework for comparison has been applied, first, to the social structures that have allowed for a vernacular urban model, and second, to an urban structure considered as contemporary.
    [Show full text]
  • The Rural Vernacular Habitat, a Heritage in Our Landscape
    FFuturopauturopa For a new vision of landscape and territory A Council of Europe Magazine no 1 / 2008 – English Landscape Territory Nature The rural vernacular habitat, Culture Heritage a heritage Human beings in our landscape Society Sustainable development Ethics Aesthetic Inhabitants Perception Inspiration Genius loci kg712953_Futuropa.indd 1 25/03/08 15:46:52 n o 1 – 2008 Chief Editors Robert Palmer Director of Culture and Cultural and FFuturopauturopa Natural Heritage of the Council of Europe Daniel Thérond Deputy Director of Culture and Cultural and Natural Heritage of the Council of Europe Editorial Director of publication Maguelonne Dejeant-Pons Gabriella Battani-Dragoni ..............................................................................3 Head of the Cultural Heritage, Landscape and Spatial Planning Presentation Division of the Council of Europe The vernacular rural heritage: from the past to the future With the cooperation of Alison Cardwell, Adminstrator, Franco Sangiorgi ..............................................................................................4 Cultural Heritage, Landscape and Spatial Planning Division Pascale Doré, Assistant, Cultural Rural Vernacular Heritage and Landscape in Europe Heritage, Landscape and Spatial Farms and landscape of the Netherlands: rural vernacular architecture Planning Division of the Low Countries Ellen Van Olst ...........................................................6 Concept and editing Barbara Howes The industrial architecture of the Llobregat valleys in Spain:
    [Show full text]
  • PLAYING with ANOMALIES CO-PRODUCING NEW IMAGINARIES: BOGOTA RIVER Giancarlo Mazzanti Carlos Medellín Marcela Tovar (UP Seminar) FALL 2017 INDEX
    Advanced Architecture Studio + Urban Plannig Seminar PLAYING WITH ANOMALIES CO-PRODUCING NEW IMAGINARIES: BOGOTA RIVER Giancarlo Mazzanti Carlos Medellín Marcela Tovar (UP Seminar) FALL 2017 INDEX 1. THE STUDIO 1.1. DESCRIPTION: 1.2. KEY-CONCEPTS: 1.3. ACTIONS TO WORK WITH: TO “OPERATE” TO “PRODUCE” 2. THE CHALLENGING SCENARIO: BOGOTA RIVER 3. THE PROJECT: CO-PRODUCING NEW IMAGINARIES 3.1. METHODOLOGY: 3.2. OBJECTIVES: 3.3. DESCRIPTION: FIRST EXERCISE: 4 WEEKS SECOND EXERCISE: 11 WEEKS 1 THE DESIGN AS A PROCESS RATHER THAN AS A RESULT Planning programs. It seeks to identify existing synergies and complementary methodolog- an interactive exchange between planning and architecture’s students, this class aims to provide methodological tools to inform Design processes using the case-study of Bogotá river (Bogota’s river-Colombia). We will explore research methodologies including: ethnographic techniques, asset based-methodology and participatory games/toys, in addition to cognitive mapping and - ties and social practices involved in place-making processes around the Bogotá river enabling a more ludic and diverse participation in urban interventions. provide feasible architectures and recommendations as to how intervene on the territory in a more comprehensive and holistic way. Colombia will be Universidad de Los Andes (Architecture and Design school) where they are working the same topic and are planed to complement the research by joining in the HOW CAN ARCHITECTURE, URBAN DESIGN AND URBAN PLANNING BE DISCIPLINES THAT DO NOT STRENGTHEN THE URBAN INEQUITY AND SOCIAL DISCREPANCIES, BUT IN THE CONTRARY, BE FIELDS THAT BY WORKING TOGETHER CAN BE ABLE TO DRAW NEW IMAGINARIES AND EMPOWER CITIZENS TO EMBRACE MORE LOCAL-BASED AND SUSTAINABLE URBAN PANORAMAS? 2 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Design Considerations in Industrial Architecture Design Considerations in Industrial Archit Ecture
    DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS IN INDUSTRIAL ARCHITECTURE DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS IN INDUSTRIAL ARCHIT ECTURE A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Architecture. Olawale A. Odeleye, School of Architecture, McGill University, l-1ontreal, Canada. August, 1966. @ Olawale A. Odeleye 1967 PREFACE The planning of this study started with the author•s personal obser• vations from available reading material that in industry, some problems appear to be persistent. For instance: (a) rapid market and technological changes constantly tend to ren• der many manufacturing plants economically and technically obsolete; (b) great economie lasses are sustained every year through fire destruction, and chemical and dust explosions; and, (c) the full potential of human contributions to industrial effi­ ciency and prosperity is not being attained, as judged by the frequency, extent, and proliferation of labour conflicts. Accessed by the myriad of issues which confront an industrial enter• prise every day, these problems may be distant, but they are none•the-less important. Reallzing that extensive studies have been carried out on various aspects of industrial buildings, and also that industrial plant designers - architects, engineers, constructors and various technical experts - among them, already know, or possess adequate information about the technical, constructional, and servicing skills necessary to make an industriel plant function, this author believed it would be rewarding to examine the nature of the problems mentioned above from an architectural point of view alone. i This work is therefore an attempt to explore sorne basic economie, technical and human problems related to industrial buildings to which architectural solutions may be provided, but which do not appear to have been given much attention.
    [Show full text]
  • Award Winning Industrial Architecture
    Developing a Methodology for Investigating the Design of Award Winning Industrial Architecture Anthony Holness & Bob Giddings he aim of this research project is to Theme: Workspace Design II designer's method and the quality T identify possible common themes This paper reports on research cur• of the design proposal and, in the design methods used to generate rently being conducted to investi• • the form and quality of industrial a selection of exemplary industrial buil• gate the methodological structure of buildings. dings. Once identified, the next stage the design of industrial buildings. A of the research will be to establish the comparative analysis of a selection of The research project extends existing nature of these common approaches exemplary industrial buildings is be• studies in the area of general human and determine the influence they have problem-solving, by using the find• ing used to investigate the relation• both on the design process, as a whole, ings of previous studies to analyse and ship between the design process and and the quality of the building. For explain a specific example of problem- the quality of the design proposal as this purpose, four areas for comparison solving, namely the design of indust• realised. The evaluation of any reali• across the case-studies have been pro• rial buildings regarded as the best of posed. They are: sed design remains as tangible evi• their building-type. Figure i illustrates dence of the success or otherwise of how this research project relates to • the structure of the design process the design process that generated it. previous studies in this field of know• itself and the mechanisms utilised Therefore, to develop a conceptual ledge and extends the hierarchy of re• by the designers of each building to framework linking design methods search into design activity as a parti• generate and develop their design and building quality should contri• cular incident of the general pheno• proposal, bute to a greater understanding of menon of design.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 4 Property Types and Styles
    CHAPTER 4 PROPERTY TYPES AND STYLES PRESERVATION DISTRICT DESIGN GUIDELINES Property Types and Styles Introduction The Canal Place Preservation District contains a diverse range of property types. Predominantly residential and commercial in use, the District also contains a number of civic, religious, and industrial buildings throughout. Stylistically they span all major eras, from the nineteenth-century romantic and Victorian styles to the twentieth-century eclecticism and revivals. High-style examples were constructed during the height of Cumberland’s industrial age and were intended to reflect the new wealth and growing prosperity of the City. As the City grew and style preferences changed, buildings evolved with the times. Storefronts were adapted and altered to showcase new styles and materials and new buildings were constructed to reflect the current preferences. Cumberland, like many large communities, contains a significant building stock characterized as vernacular. Vernacular architecture can be defined as “the common building of a given place and time,”1 or, “the architecture most people build and use, comprising buildings that are commonly encountered.”2 Often Clockwise from top right: 71-73 Baltimore Street, 67-71 Prospect lacking stylistic ornamentation, they are more easily defined by their function, Square, 132 Bedford Street. floor plan, or overall building shape. The significance of this architectural stock is typically evaluated in a broader context, often when it is located within a district rather than on an individual building-by-building basis. As a stand-alone building, the very nature of the vernacular building—commonly found, absent of ornamentation—often precludes it from consideration to the National Register of Historic Places unless it meets other significance criteria such as an important NOTE role in an historical event or in its association with a prominent individual.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 3 DATA SUMMARY
    ChapterChapter 13 DINTRODUATA SUMMCTAIONRY A. RESULTS OF FIeldwork – SUMMARY The intensive-level survey forms are in Appendix C. DATA ON 30 MILLS Readers are referred to the appendix for detailed data on each site including an architectural description, In September 2012, Principal Investigator Patrick summary history and evaluation of significance. Table Harshbarger, assisted by Alison Haley, Architectural 3.1 is a summary list with a brief general description Historian, and Gianfranco Archimede, Executive of each mill property, a thumbnail photograph and Director of the Paterson Historic Preservation eligibility recommendation. Commission, made field visits to the 30 mills on the inventory list. During these visits, notes and photo- graphs were taken to supplement those already col- B. EVALUATIONS OF SIGNIFICANCE AND lected by Mr. Archimede. Site boundaries were veri- INTEGRITY fied against the GIS site maps produced using street address and tax lot/block numbers. Site boundaries The information generated by this survey was con- were adjusted when conditions on the ground war- sidered in terms of the criteria of evaluation, the ranted, normally to include a historically associated guidelines established for making determinations con- building or resource, or to remove an unassociated cerning National Register eligibility, as outlined by modern resource. the U.S. Department of the Interior, National Register Program in 36 CFR 60.4: Data collected in the field was compiled and entered into the project’s MS-Access database. At the same “The quality of significance in American history, time, these data were compared with historical docu- architecture, archaeology, engineering, and culture mentation, particularly from historic cartographic is present in districts, sites, buildings, structures and sources, to assist with the identification of mill names objects that possess integrity of location, design, set- and uses over time, and to date original construction ting, materials, workmanship, feeling and association, and alterations.
    [Show full text]