Note to Ms. Alicia Barcena
UNITED NATIONS TRUST FUND FOR HUMAN SECURITY
I have reviewed the attached project proposal from the Liberia inter-agency project team (UNDP, WFP, FAO) entitled, "Rebuilding communities in post-conflict Liberia - empowerment for change". This project requiring $3,857,867.66 is in line with the guidelines governing the United Nations Trust Fund for Human Security and has been endorsed by the Project Review Committee. I hereby request your approval of this project. tf
MAY 1 5 2006 PROGRAMME DOCUMENT National Transitional Government of Liberia United Nations Development Programme Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations World Food Programme
Rebuilding Communities in Post-Conflict Liberia - Empowerment for Change
Project Number: Project Title: Rebuilding Communities in Post-Conflict Liberia Project Site: Lofa, Bomi, Bong, Maryland, Nimba, Gbapolu, Grand Cape, Grand Geddeh, & River Gee Counties. Estimated start date: Estimated end date: Duration: 2 Years Project Execution: UNDP, FAO, and WFP Counterpart Institutions: Local Governments, NGOs & District Development Committees -DDCs Estimated budget: US$ 3,857,867.66: (Phase I = $ 1,981,443.73 and Phase II = $1,876,423.93) Sector: Employment, Social Infrastructure, Agriculture and Reconciliation Programme Brief: Poverty and unemployment were the main contributors to the decade old protracted and violent conflict in Liberia. Provision of basic services like education and health care, and the creation of opportunities for productive and gainful employment are interventions that are expected to positively motivate communities to support the consolidation of peace.
The Programme will be expected to lower social tensions and contribute to the creation of a safe and secure environment for local communities enabling them to recognize and benefit from the peace dividend, and constructively participate in the recovery towards peace.
The Programme will be operational in nine of the fifteen Counties and will support the replenishment of human resource and human capital (which was lost during the conflict) in areas including farming, civil society capacity development and national non-governmental organizations; support the revitalization of local economies by creating opportunities for productive and gainful engagement, and enhance access to basic social services, the productive sector and local markets.
Following the initial rejection by the United Nations Trust Fund for Human Security, this proposal was newly drafted by UNDP, FAO and WFP, reflecting the latest situation of the country, where the post conflict recovery and safeguarding/empowerment of the rural community are the most urgent concerns for the people, the government (with the newly elected president) of Liberia as well as for the international community including the United Nations system. The proposal is based on the human security concept and focuses on the bottom-up consolidation of peace in Liberia. List of Acronyms
CBRP Community Based Recovery Programme CSO Civil Society Organizations DDC District Development committees HDI Human Development Index HSU/OCHA Human Security Unit, Office of Coordination for Humanitarian Affairs NPK Nitrogen-phosphate and Potassium Fertilizer NTGL National Transitional Government of Liberia LTSH Local Transport Storage and Handling -WFP PAC Project Appraisal Committee RBA Regional Bureau for Africa (UNDP) RFTF Results Focused Transitional Framework RWC RFTF Working Committee(s) UNCT UN Country Team UNCDF UN Capital Development Fund UNDG UN Development Group UNMIL UN Mission in Liberia UNTFHS UN Trust Fund for Human Security Political Map of Liberia
Sierra Leone
Monrov
ATLANTIC OCEAN
20 20 40 Miles •^ Hjrpt? Counties benefiting from UNTFHS; Lofa, Bomi, Bong, Maryland, Nimba, Gbapolu, Grand Cape, Grand Geddeh, and River Gee Counties Table of Contents
Executive Summary
Part I. Liberia, Country Situation: 7 a. Problems to be addressed 8 b. Programme Justification 10
Part II. Goals, Objectives, Outputs and Activities 12 a. Framework for Objectives, Outcomes, Outputs and Activities 15 b. Performance Indicators 17
Part III. Methodology/Implementation Modality 18 a. Roles and responsibilities of Participating Agencies 18 b. Coordinated Programme Implementation 19 a. At the Monrovia level 19 b. At the Field Level 20 c. At the Community level 20 d. At the National Level 21 e. At the UNCT level 21 f. Other Implementation Partners 22
Part IV. Beneficiaries and beneficiary Selection Criteria 23
a. Beneficiaries 23 b. Beneficiary Selection Criteria 24
Part V. Programme Risks 25
Part VI. Monitoring, Reporting & Evaluation 26
Part VII. Programme Sustainability 26
Part VIII. Fund Disbursement Arrangements 27
Part IX. Programme Budget 28
Annexes; 29 Annex 1. Priority Outcomes & Expected Results of the RFTF 30 Annex 2. Structure of District Development Committees 35 Annex 3: Funding Requirements for the Rehabilitation of Basic Social Services 37 Annex 4: Breakdown: International Pest Control 39 Annex 5: Breakdown: Food security commodities 40 Annex 6. Budget Notes: Capacity Building 41 Annex 7: Budget notes, Maintenance and Operation 44 Annex 8. Expected Movement of refugees, IDPs, and X-com 46 Annex 9: Agricultural inputs 47 Annex 10: Annual Output Target 48 Annex 11: UNCT Joint Action Plan 49 Annex 12: ToR, FAO Training Consultant 58 Annex 13. Summary cost-analysis of Project Proposals 60 Executive Summary
Liberia is just about emerging from a fourteen year old armed, bloody and destructive conflict that forcefully displaced well over a third of the entire population, and pushed some 300,000 of them to seek protection and security across borders and further a field. The conflict also resulted in the overwhelming destruction of physical as well as social and economic infrastructure. Agriculture, the mainstay of the majority of the Liberian population was abandoned and fields left fallow to be overtaken by overgrowth; access roads suffered from overgrowth and lack of maintenance to the extent of being impassible. Homes and other physical structures, most importantly structures critical for the delivery of basic social services such as education and health, were indiscriminately looted, gutted and vandalized, and effectively destroyed.
Traditional social fabric was disrupted by mistrust, disrespect, and resulted into overall sense of insecurity. Human security and safety was totally disrupted in the chaos of the conflict.
The economic life and livelihood of those who sought refugee in camps had to be replaced by relief handouts, effectively removing them from productive and gainful engagement. Those who stayed behind where forced to live on meager, hand-to- mouth and unsustainable activities, with no access to the very basic of social services including education, health, and water and sanitation facilities.
Central to the destruction and the main fueling agent for the conflict was unemployment. The long-term unemployed an disgruntled youth (which constitutes over 60% of the population), found power, dignity and purpose in the conflict. The barrel of gun empowered them to acquire economic benefits through forcefully misappropriation of private and public property, and they were at liberty to loot, maim, and to rape and kill.
The UNTFHS Programme proposes to promote human security and dignity by raising community stakes in good governance through the promotion of an environment for participatory local planning. To this end it will train and equip elected community representatives. It will also address the critical concern regarding problems of access to basic social services including health services, education, and water and sanitation facilities. Thirdly, the UNTFHS Programme will facilitate the engagement of communities in securing sustainable livelihoods by creating opportunities for gainful employment, and by training, equipping and proving farmers with necessary inputs, including arranging for technical support (through the training and equipping of blacksmiths).
The Programme will be operational in nine of the fifteen counties of Liberia and they will include Lofa, Bomi, Bong, Maryland, Nimba, Gbapolu, Grand Cape, Grand Geddeh, and River Gee Counties.
The Programme will have an implementation life of two years and will have two phases of one year each with budget allocation of $1,981,443.73 and $1,876,423.93 each. The approval of the second phase will depend on the successful implementation of the first, a verdict that is to be decided at the mid term evaluation of the Programme. The funding modality will be a pass-through fund management with UNDP assuming the responsibility to open a project account and disburse to the participating agencies.
Following the initial rejection by the United Nations Trust Fund for Human Security (UNTFHS), this proposal was newly drafted by UNDP, FAO and WFP, reflecting the latest situation of the country, where the post conflict recovery and safeguarding/empowerment of rural community are the most urgent concerns for the people and the government (with the newly elected president) of Liberia as well as for the international community including the United Nations system. The country is in the critical stage of consolidating peace and laying the foundation for future development, and safeguarding and empowerment of individuals and communities in rural areas is more vital than ever. As such the current proposal focuses on so far unattended areas of bottom-up consolidation of peace in Liberia through integrated interventions by three UN agencies, i.e. WFP FAO and UNDP. Geographically as well, the proposal focuses on meeting needs of rural communities, whose dire needs have been less attended to because of the civil war. Further, geographical and substantive areas of support proposed in the proposal match and support the top priority of the newly elected government of Liberia as repeatedly expressed by its first democratically elected and female president in Africa. Part I a. Liberia; Country Situation.
1. Liberia is just emerging from two waves of protracted wars. While the first war (1990-96) claimed some 200,000 lives, and forcefully displaced some 60 percent of the total population, the second wave (1999-2003) claimed another 2,000 people, and displaced an estimated 800,000 people (500,000 IDPs, and 300,000 refugees). Consequent to the conflict, the national social and community infrastructure was destroyed. Despite its rich and diverse potential, Liberia remains to be one of the world's poorest countries. According to the latest UNDP Human Development Report of 1999, the Human Development Index -HDI- for Liberia was only 0.276, placing it as the second poorest country in the world. An estimated 76.2 percent of the population lives below the poverty line, 63 percent is illiterate, and 74 percent of the population does not have access to safe drinking water.
2. Of the estimated 860,000 labour force, some 85% (about 730,000) are estimated to be either unemployed or under employed. Some 103,000 ex-combatants, including women and child soldiers, are among the unemployed. Given that the majority of the population is rural, agriculture, which represented 50% of GDP in 2002 (the latest available figures), is the main source of livelihood for the majority of the population. Repeated conflict, and the consequent forced out migration of the farming communities has undermined food production and food security. Farms have been left fallow and overwhelmed with overgrowth; and access to farms has been curtailed because of the lack of security and freedom of movement. Furthermore, rural Liberia does not provide much by way of alternative opportunities of employment.
3. Rural poverty and food shortage is dire and there is an urgent need to support capacity building efforts and to provide start up investment capital so as to intensify food production. Seeds and tools need to be distributed to farmers, secondary and access roads need to be renovated, extension workers need to be trained, livestock need to be restocked and agro industries need to be rehabilitated.
4. Besides the means of production and source of employment, the social service infrastructure has suffered equally. Schools, clinics, and health centres have been looted and stripped off. The signing of the Accra Peace Agreement in August 2003 and the subsequent inauguration of the National Transitional Government has heralded a positive environment and a brighter future. The demobilization of ex- combatants has been concluded successfully. Progressively, previously inaccessible areas have, with the support of UN Mission in Liberia (UNMIL), been declared safe and the whole country is now accessible.
5. However, the post conflict challenges are many, central among them is the sustenance of peace. The war in Liberia was fought by the young and disillusioned, with the long-term unemployed and those trapped in the vicious cycle of poverty standing in the front-firing lines. The conflict attracted those who otherwise were unemployed and destitute, it provided a means for economic betterment and also it became a source of individual power for forcibly expropriating property and looting, and to abuse fundamental human rights, to shoot to kill, and to maim and rape.
6. Rural communities will need support to secure their livelihoods and increase their absorptive capacity so as to comfortably welcome and accommodate the returning refugees and internally displaced, and the demobilized ex-combatants. Equally, they will need to reclaim their community based social structures and organizations so as to be able to plan and manage their immediate and future development needs and transit from a conflict environment to sustainable peace.
7. The priority of the National Transitional Government of Liberia -NTGL-, as is articulated in its recovery paper, the Results Focused Transitional Framework (RFTF) is to see the repair of social and economic systems, recovery of communities, and laying the institutional foundation for Liberia's transformation into a progressive, productive, stable and secure democracy. While the UN Mission in Liberia (UNMIL) is mandated to contribute towards international efforts to protect and promote human rights in Liberia, by supporting security reform and the general implementation of the peace process, the UNCT has adopted the RFTF as its guiding frame of reference when prioritizing its programmatic interventions. The UNCT Needs Assessment was based on the RFTF [Re Annex 1: Priority Outcomes and Expected Results, RFTF p.30].
8. Realizing that the sustainability of interventions that promote human security and socio-economic recovery is for the major part dependent on the level and magnitude of participation and inclusion of constituencies and communities, the UNDP, with the full support and appreciation of the Government has embarked on instituting what are popularly referred to as 'District Development Committees' - DDCs. The DDCs are elected from among the constituents of communities and represent the whole spectrum of their community, featuring a variety of professions, women and youth representatives, and, where relevant, inter-religious representatives. The local Government representative (usually the District Development Office) is an ex-officio member of the DDCs.
9. The main objectives of the DDCs are to assess and identify priority needs of their respective communities and also to monitor and oversee the implementation of community projects in their District. They are also expected to serve as the point of first reference (the first port of call) for humanitarian and development agencies interested to support their District - thus also serving as a coordinating body and a mechanism for minimizing redundancies and duplication of intervention. [Re Annex 2: Structure and Composition of the DDCs, p.35]
10. The UNTFHS programme will, by supporting communities to secure their livelihoods and also by empowering them to participate in the decision making processes at the community level, will contribute to the realization and sustenance of the of peace and security. a. Problems to be addressed:
10. The conflict in Liberia was indiscriminate and destructive. While it is expected of some 'liberation' armies to have a national agenda and thus protect assets of common national good, Liberia was subjected to an indiscriminate and wanton destruction. Nothing was spared. Homes, schools, clinics, public buildings and other physical infrastructure were looted extensively as well as comprehensively. The tropical rains further supported the level of destruction in that much of the skeleton of the infrastructure that was left standing was overtaken by the jungle and this included buildings as well as access roads and farms. The need in the aftermath is as comprehensive and as extensive. 11. Poverty in post conflict Liberia goes beyond economic deprivation. The armed conflict has destroyed social and civic institutions that provided the basis for human safety and security. Because of the forceful movement and subsequent removal and detachment of communities from the productive sectors, and their consequent dependency on international relief assistance (life in camps), the conflict has destroyed the culture of work. Also, poverty and desperation were central to supporting the decade old conflict, and fueled it by providing a continuous supply line of young and unemployed Liberians. As long as poverty is not addressed in a holistic and comprehensive manner, communities will continue to live under the shadows of violence and insecurity.
12. The mainstay of rural Liberia is mostly subsistence agriculture; mostly including the farming rice and cassava. The advent of the conflict and the consequent neglect has rendered most of the farming areas and the tertiary access roads (access roads to farms and markets) inaccessible. They have been overtaken by overgrowth. As a result, the majority of the population is food insecure. One of the objectives of the Programme is to support the revival of the agricultural sector. This will be attained in partnership and collaboration with FAO and the Ministry of Agriculture. Community level information sharing and dissemination is another tool that UNDP intends to utilize to promote peace and reconciliation.
13. The Project will support integrated social and economic interventions that call for community participation and ownership. It will empower communities to collectively identify and prioritize their needs and own interventions, thus promoting the notion and culture of collective authority and responsibility and, in the long run, avert violence and promote dialogue in resolving communal/societal issues.
14. Community based reintegration, as articulated in the Results Focused Transitional Framework -RFTF , the recovery strategy document of the National Transitional Government of Liberia (NTGL), is of critical importance to lasting and sustainable peace and security.
15. The programme will also support the provision of training and capacity building initiatives for community representatives at the District level. While training will focus on small enterprise development and management, and skills development especially in various agricultural techniques, the Capacity building aspect will addresses community needs for the identification and prioritising, and appraisal and management and monitoring of their recovery and development projects and programmes.
16. Specifically, the Programme will address the:
a. Lack of Capacity of communities to mobilize and identify their needs, focusing on the rehabilitation of socio-economic and community infrastructure and identification of micro projects critical to their livelihoods, lack of capacity to design and implement recovery and development projects for agriculture and food security,
b. Lack of access to employment opportunities and access to productive opportunities, c. Lack of training in extension work, income generation, information management and dissemination, and
d. Lack of fora for re-building relationships and enhancing peaceful co- existence of grass roots constituencies including ex-combatants, returnees and IDPs and host communities through community based, peace-building programmes.
17. Initially employment creation opportunities will focus on works that would have clear potential for multiplier effects and would be labor intensive. The first criteria will ensure that interventions will provide long-term benefits to the communities and the second criteria of higher labor to equipment ratio will ensure that employment opportunities are given to a greater number of people. At the initial stages, the programme will focus on quick impact, labour intensive, employment creating activities such as the clearing and rehabilitation of secondary, tertiary and farm-to-market feeder roads, rehabilitating culverts and irrigation canals, constructing log bridges, and rehabilitating social service structures -schools, clinics and health centres, and rehabilitating rice paddies and swamps.
18. Parallel to these initial interventions, the Programme will support the establishment of community based Associations and Groups and provide start up capital in the form of agricultural inputs, and provide skills development opportunities. Besides the formal workshops and exchange platforms, peace and reconciliation will be the underlying value of all interventions. Membership and participation in the UNTFHS activities will seek to be multi-ethnic.
19. One of the central objectives of the Programme is to support the recovery of the local economies by supporting economic activities and gainful, productive and sustainable employment in the participating communities. A preferred way of bringing such a component to bear is to allow those economically active members of communities access to affordable micro credit and micro finance and thus providing (on credit arrangements) the necessary start up capital for local artisanal producers, manufacturers and processors, petty traders and individuals engaged in locally based service industry. However, the UNTFHS proposal does not include a micro-credit component. Fortunately, a joint UNDP-UNCDF micro-credit programme (independent of the UNTFHS proposal) has been prepared to facilitate access to credit targeting rural small-scale entrepreneurs, petty traders, and other local artisanal economic activities. In the longer term, the latter UNDP-UNCDF programme is expected to extend its credit services to those who now stand to benefit from the UNTFHS proposal, making currently UNTFHS sponsored activities sustainable. b. Programme Justification
20. Poverty in rural post conflict Liberia is still widespread, unemployment rife. Refugees and the internally displaced are returning to their places of origin or choice. Ex-combatants have been disarmed and demobilized and are going back to civilian life. Return of the displaced and the demobilized, although a welcome sign of normalcy and peace, is unfortunately over shadowed by uncertainty and insecurity. Returnees are going back to a social and economic fabric that was totally destroyed during the conflict. The returning population is overtaxing and overburdening services and opportunities, and, as such, increasing demand on services and public utilities which have been dismantled and already too thin to cater to those who, for one reason or another, opted not to migrate and stayed put through the war. The 10 pronounced mismatch between demand and supply (for basic social services) will provide grounds for friction and discontent.
21. Conflict for many has become a means for earning a livelihood, and, as has been witnessed recently and said to be an ongoing processes. Recently, a Save the Children and UNICEF confirmed report indicated that warring factions from Cote D'lvoire crossed over to Liberia to recruit young fighter for some financial rewards (reportedly as low as $400), and some rice. The conflict in Liberia and the region, knows no national borders, neither can it be said to have a popular cause.
22. Furthermore, negative attributes of conflicts including mistrust and fear both between communities and within communities (now constituted of the receiving communities, the returning refugees, IDPs, and ex-combatants), are yet to be addressed and allayed.
23. The risk of a relapse is, therefore, real and accentuated by the obvious lack of institutional capacity and lack of human resource base that continues to inhibit the Transitional Government of Liberia from providing its citizens with a sense of security and protection. National policing and judicial institutions and systems are yet to be established.
24. The project thus merits the support and funding from the UNTFHS because it aims to: -
a. provide rural communities with badly needed infrastructure for better access to basic services such as health care, education and sanitary and potable water systems,
b. compensate for the existing lack of State provided security and protection by empowering communities to participate in matters affecting their well- being and, collectively (or by representation) assessing and prioritising their recovery needs,
c. support the institutionalisation of community participation through representation by establishing community based civil society organizations at the District level,
d. assume an integrated planning and implementation process that intends to benefit from the comparative advantages of the participating Agencies - UNDP, FAO, and WFP -, and
e. assume a holistic approach when addressing human security by going beyond the economic to cater to the social, institutional and capacity needs, promoting the world of work and preparing and platforms for inclusive participation and reconciliation.
11 Part II. Goals, Objectives, outputs and activities
25. Programme Goal: The goal of the Programme is to contribute to the consolidation and sustenance of peace by curbing potentials for friction and avoiding risks of possible relapse by creating opportunities for gainful employment and enhancing community empowerment to participate in the decision making process at the local level.
26. Poverty and idleness were the main contributors to the last protracted and violent conflict. Provision of basic services like education and health care, and the creation of opportunities for productive and gainful employment are interventions that are expected to positively motivate communities to support the consolidation of peace.
27. The Programme will be expected to lower social tensions and create safe and secure environment for local communities to constructively participate in the recovery towards peace, and will allow communities to recognize and benefit from the peace dividend.
28. The Programme will have four specific objectives including:
Objective 1. Enable communities to participate in identifying & determining their needs; articulating and negotiating with partners; and to effectively participate in the monitoring and realization of such needs
Agency responsible for implementation: UNDP will be responsible for organizing the communities, arranging for DDCs membership elections, arranging for the training of trainers and, ultimately the training and providing of basic equipment and supplies to the DDCs.
FAO will arrange for the training of DDCs in asset management and farm related administrative and managerial activities.
Output: In all, at the end of the Programme life, a total of forty one (41) DDCs will be established in the nine participating Counties. By the end of the first year, 18 DDCs will be elected, trained and equipped ready to deliver their services. The remaining balance of 23 will be realized by the end of the second year.
Objective 2; Replenishing farming skills and technical black smith support services lost during the conflict in the areas the programme is operational.
Agency responsible for implementation: FAO will be responsible for the training of both the farmers and black smiths and for distributing agricultural inputs, and basic tools.
Outputs: i. At least 200 village blacksmiths will receive training and will be assisted to organize themselves in production groups at their respective districts.
12 ii. To further ensure the sustainability of the initiative, one blacksmith center will be rehabilitated in each of the 7 selected counties (i.e. 7 blacksmith centers to be rehabilitated), iii. Under this component, 1400 farmers will receive training on improved crop production techniques, integrated pest management and pesticides applications methods.
Objective 3; Support the revitalization of local economies by creating on-farm and off-farm opportunities for gainful employment
Agency responsible for implementation: UNDP, FAO and WFP will coordinate in the realization of this objective. While FAO will focus on the distribution of seeds and other related farming inputs, UNDP will sponsor the creation of labor-intensive works (and thus creating mass temporary employment) with focus on civil works with visible multiplier effects. Since the intension is to engage as many workers as possible, the daily cash wages paid by the Programme will be lower than the accepted minimum average of $3/day. The balance will be complemented by the distribution of food packages by WFP.
The two-year budget allocation of $176,698 for the labor intensive works component can be expected to generate 88,649 man-days of work during the life of the project (at $176,698/$2/day). If of the 52 weeks in a year, the working weeks in Liberia average about 36 week (36x5 = 180 days), the total working days in the two years will be about 360 days.
Outputs: i. The component can therefore be expected to create employment for about 246 men (88,649/360) per day for two years. Assuming the average household size of five (5) members, this component can be expected to secure the livelihoods for about 1,230 people everyday for the duration of the project.
ii. 4000 vulnerable households will receive farming inputs including seeds, tools, fertilizers and pesticides. Improved, early maturing and disease resistant varieties of cassava and sweet potato will be multiplied and distributed to farmers. Thus, their productive capacities will be further enhanced in terms of increased yields up to 50% of the present levels.
Implementation and delivery will be evenly distributed between the two phases. and
Objective 4; Enhance access to basic social services including education, health and water and sanitation.
Agency responsible for implementation: UNDP will be the lead agency in the implementation of this Programme component. The selection of utilities for rehabilitations will however be done in consultation with other agencies
13 (UNHCR, UNCEF, e.g.) and partners including the Government of Liberia, US AID and the EU.
Output: Under the component, the expectation is to rehabilitate a total of 44 schools, 16 clinics and 110 water and sanitation facilities. Based on an average school benefiting 650 students per year, the UNTFHS Programme (supporting 44 schools) will benefit about 28,600 students. Similarly, based on the catchment potential of a clinic, the Programme will benefit about 84,000 people. The 110 proposed wat-san subprojects can be expected to benefit over a million community residents. [Re Annex 8: pg 47]
29. The implementation of these interventions is dependent on the expressed intent of the Government to maintain and sustain the institutions and provide for necessary recurrent costs. Because of the prevalent lack of national (financial) resources, the national commitment may not be forthcoming. Under such circumstances, UNDP will secure the provision of recurrent cost for at least a period of two years by seeking partnership with other UN Agencies (e.g. UNICEF, UNHCR and WFP with whom UNDP has signed a joint action plan: annex 9), and donors. At the end of the said period, the Government is expected to assume its full responsibility for meeting the running recurrent expenses of such utilities. On Programme issues pertaining to gender issues, and regarding complementarities of interventions, UNDP has signed a standing cooperation agreement with UNIFEM.
14 a: Framework for Objectives, Outcomes, Outputs and Activities:-
Objective Expected Outcomes Outputs Activities Enable communities to 1.1-Good 1.1.1 —Members 1.1.1.1 -Community and local larticipate in identifying Governance of41DDCs(18 Government meetings to identify S: determining their needs; practices through the DDCs in the 1st representatives to the DDC irticulating and empowerment of year and 23 DDCs egotiating with partners; Communities in the second year) 1.1.1.2- Select NGO trainers and conduct md to effectively trained and training-of-trainers jarticipate in the equipped to assess nonitoring and realization and prioritize 1.1.1.3 Training of the committee )f such needs community needs, members in the preparation and and monitor monitoring of community projects recovery projects 1.1.1.4-Training of DDCs in the management of community assets for storage, local marketing, provision of inputs and access to information
1.1.1.5-Support the establishment of agricultural co-operatives, agricultural credit schemes and seed/cereal/animal banks (in municipalities where inhabitants express an interest, and develop systems to improve storage and conservation techniques and access to markets for agricultural produce. Wherever possible, promote private sector services to supply inputs for agriculture) l.~ Replenishing farming 2.1— Enhanced and 2.1.1-200 village 2.1.1.1 Identify and categorize training .kills and technical black sustainable blacksmiths trained needs of black smiths smith support services livelihoods 2.1.1.2 Select trainers and determine ost during the conflict in curriculum he areas the programme 2.1.1.3 Conduct Training of trainers s operational 2.1.1.4 Select trainees 2.1.1.5 Deliver training on blacksmith skills
2.1.2- 2.1.2.1 Identify and prioritize (in Rehabilitation of collaboration with DDCs) black black smith centers smith centers in need of in seven (7) rehabilitation selected counties 2.1.2.2. Develop bills of quantities for selected sub-projects 2.1.2.3 Call for local bids, award contracts in an open and transparent manner; sign off contracts 2.1.2.4 Distribute equipment/tools 2.1.2.5 Monitor implementation
2.1.3 1400 2.1.3.1 ToT workshops organized farmers receive 2.1.3.2 On site demonstrations in training on selected locations for crop improved farming production techniques, fertilizers techniques and pesticides applications
15 3- Support to the 3.1— Open access to 3.1.1- Gainful 3.1.1.1 Identify priority recovery needs •evitalization of local the productive sector temporary mass especially those interventions with jconomies by creating on- and markets employment potential for multiplier effect iarm and off-farm (clearing and repair of roads and >pportunities for gainful 88560 men and access routes to villages, markets, :mployment women employed farms, and repair and rehab of minor (246 women/men x log bridges, irrigation and drainage 180 days per y ear = canals, culverts, retainer walls, 44,280 women/men clearing of swamps, etc) per year) 3.1.1.2 Identify rural livel ihood units to support agricultural production, including blacksmith workshops 3.1.1.3 Prepare bidding documents and bills of quantities 3.1.1.4 Call for local bids and award subcontracts for works and related activities 3.1.1.5 Distribute food supplement to beneficiary day laborers 3.2.1-4000 3 .2. 1 . 1 Undertake studies to determine 3.2.-- Increased local vulnerable appropriate improved agricultural agricultural production households receive inputs and promote cash crops; and food security farming inputs and increase the knowledge of local their productive technical authorities enabling them to capacities enhanced conceptualise, develop and implement successful projects 3.2.1.2 Provide basic agricultural inputs (seeds and agricultural tools) to up to 4,000 vulnerable households, identified within the 100 beneficiary communities in the targeted counties as the first step in the re- capitalization process 3.2.1.3 Distribute inputs to encourage income generation and the diversification of the rural economy - in areas including food processing, animal rearing such as poultry, grass- cutters, vegetable gardening and goat rearing 3.2. 1.4 Distribute improved supply of small livestock and poultry by setting up livestock co-operatives and banks k Enhanced access to 4.1 Enabling 4.1.1 Rehabilitation 4.1.1.1 Identify (in collaboration with the basic social services environment for of 44 schools, 16 DDCs) the basic social service needs, including education, Human security thru clinics and building prioritized by catchment area, return health and water and accessible public or rehabilitating 110 and level and intensity of destruction sanitation services goods water and sanitation 4.1.1.2 Develop bills of quantities for facilities selected sub-projects 4.1.1.3 Call for local bids and award contracts in a n open and transparent manner - sign off sub-contracts 4. 1 . 1 .4 Monitor implementation
16 b. Performance indicators:
Expected Outputs by Objective Performance Indicators Baseline Situation in Means of Verification Responsibl the Programme area YrOne Yrtwo e Agency 1.1.1 Members of41 DDCs trained in needs Number of DDCs, trained, No DDCs 18 DDCs 23 DDCs UNDP assessment, articulation prioritization, equipped and established established established and monitoring of recovery projects 2. 1 . 1 - 200 village blacksmiths trained Number of blacksmiths trained No trained blacksmiths 100 village 100 village FAO in the Programme area blacksmiths blacksmith trained trained 2.1.2-Rehabilitation of black smith centers Number of facilities established No facilities available 4 centres 3 cemtres FAO in seven (7) selected counties -destroyed in the war
2.1.3 1400 farmers receive training Number of farmers trained NA 600 farmers 800 farmers FAO
3.1.1 — Gainful temporary mass employment Number of Individuals employed 87% unemployed 44280 44280 UNDP- men/women men/women WFP employed/yr employed /yr* * 3.2.1-4000 vulnerable households receive Number of farmers assisted with NA 1000 3000 farmers FAO farming inputs and their productive farming inputs and training farmers assisted capacities enhanced assisted
4.1.1Rehabilitation of 44 schools, 16 clinics Number of schools, clinics and No schools 22 22 and 1 10 water and sanitation facilities water and sanitation facilities No clinics g g rehabilitated UNDP No wat-san facilities 55 55
Note: * Since the nature of the works does not require full time and long term employment, the actual number of people benefiting daily will be more than indicated above.
17 Part III. Methodology/Implementation Modality: -
30. The Programme will directly benefit from the comparative advantages of the three participating UN Agencies -UNDP, FAO and WFP. It will be integrated and delivery of activities and programme inputs will be coordinated at different levels including at the Monrovia level and in the field. The programme will, in as much as possible, be inclusive and participatory and will provide the necessary inputs and platforms to allow for the participation of benefiting communities. Exogenously, the Programme will coordinate with relevant Government organs, the UN system and other stakeholders including NGOs. a. Roles & Responsibilities of Participating Agencies:
31. UNDP in Liberia has an extensive experience with community-based rehabilitation of basic social service infrastructure projects. Prior to the onset of the last war it had implemented a $12 million programme mainly in the central and northern half of the country. Most of the removable structure -doors, windows, corrugated iron sheeting, frames, etc - of the schools, clinics, health centers have been looted or destroyed during the conflict. This Programme aims to revisit the projects and if deemed viable and less costly than the construction of new structure, it will aim at rehabilitating and recovering such structures.
32. UNDP will (a) create temporary employment by supporting labor intensive works for the rehabilitation of infrastructure, and (b) will construct or rehabilitate structures for the better delivery of public utilities and social services including health education, and water and sanitation. The component will focus on the rehabilitation of infrastructure that would have a clear multiplier effect in the delivery of services and the revitalization of the local economic life. It will look for strategic interventions that would facilitate linkages between different sectors, utilities, and communities. It will also address the needs for access to the productive sector -mainly agriculture - and the linking of the productive sector to the markets. The main activities to be considered under this subcomponent will include the clearing of access roads and culverts, the construction of connecting log bridges, and the clearing of rice swamps.
33. The overall objective of FAO's food security component is to contribute to the short term restoration of food security for about 4000 vulnerable households - mainly returnees and host communities during the transit from post conflict through the provision of basic agricultural inputs, and to provide support to the development of community-based organizations in order to rebuild their production management capacity, increased yields through extension services and on site field training and demonstrations on improved crop production practices, integrated pest management, fertilizer and pesticides application methods. Farmers access to local markets will be improved, as well, transition of vulnerable farmers from dependence on relief aid to self-sufficiency. Finally, the main goal is to ensure better socio-economic re integration of the population affected by the conflict with a limited access to land.
34. FAO will engage in the rehabilitation of community production relating to agricultural facilities through rehabilitation of blacksmith workshops, support to small scale post harvest technologies, equipment, processing, multiplication of improved disease resistant varieties, storage and marketing.
18 35. FAO will also provide training sessions on seed multiplication, improved farming techniques, swamp development, and others based on the community requests and FAO training needs assessment to a total of 1400 farmers over the project's period. It will distribute inputs to encourage income generation and the diversification of the rural economy in such areas as food processing, animal husbandry (poultry, goats and pig rearing, e.g.), and planting vegetable gardens.
36. The Programme will pay an acceptable minimum daily wage, supplemented by a package of food to be delivered by WFP. WFP will provide food packages to complement the cash payments (set at slightly below the acceptable minimum daily wages) made to participants in quick impact activities so as to bring the total value of the cash-food package is at par with minimum accepted rate of $3 per day. The labor intensive nature of the works is intended to maximize on the number of workers employed and thus increase the number of households benefiting from the programme.
37. The main contribution of the WFP will be food used to complement the daily cash wages to be paid to laborers. For this purpose, WFP intends to import and distribute 1.2 metric tons of food.
38. The WFP will distribute a total of 1,190 metric tons of food (at the cost of $167 750) to complement the minimum wages that will be paid to laborers engaged in labor intensive civil works for clearing access infrastructure.
39. The transportation and storage costs are estimated to be a total of $164,000 (86,250+77,750). b. Coordinated Programme Implementation
40. The Overall strategy of the Programme will be 'area based' in that a particular area will be selected based on set criteria [See Annex 4, p. 34, Expected Movement of IDPs, refugees and x-combatants], and comprehensive interventions will be planned to include the provisions of basic services, access infrastructure, and the support to the revitalization of the primary source of employment and livelihood - which is mostly agriculture. The programme will benefit from the comparative advantages of each participating Agency and will seek for the complementarity of all of its interventions.
At the Monrovia level,
41. The three Agencies will coordinate their ground level activities by forming a 'Programming Task Force' essentially constituted of programme officers to be seconded from each participating Agency. The task force, guided by the above- mentioned set criteria, will select area/communities for delivering Programme sub- projects. The task force will be responsible for selecting sites that can benefit from an combined comparative advantages of UNDP, WFP and FAO; an area or a community that is predominately composed of farming families (the mainstay of rural Liberia) and lacking in agricultural and farming inputs, in need of basic social services and have physical infrastructure that can be rehabilitated using labour intensive methods. In this sense, the Programme will have sub-projects that are comprehensive and will feature components which will support intervention in agriculture and farming, the provisions of education, health services and water and sanitation systems, and the creation of gainful employment as components.
19 42. Where the Programme is to engage in labour intensive interventions, the daily remuneration paid to labourers will be a package combining cash and food. The role of WFP will be to support such sub-projects (especially those dealing with the rehabilitation of physical infrastructure utilizing labour intensive methods), and distribute the food portion of the package.
At the field level
43. Under the supervision of the Programme Coordinator -manager-, community level sub-projects will be jointly identified and formulated by UNDP-FAO-WFP field staff in close cooperation with the beneficiary communities and implementing partners. The beneficiary communities will be represented by District Development Committees (see below) and, where they exist, by the Agricultural Coordination Committees. The Programme will be demand driven and participatory in its approach and will work in close partnership with the communities in the identification, appraisal and approval of community based projects and programmes, with the communities playing a central role in the process.
At the community level
44. The UNTFHS Programme will partner closely with District Development Committees in order to facilitate a participatory method of identifying and prioritising of community needs, and also to avoid duplication of efforts and consequent redundancies and wastage of resources. [Re Annex 2 pg. 35 for TOR of DDCs]
45. Specifically the DDCs will be responsible for sensitising community residents, assist in the process of identification and prioritisation of their needs, and formulation of projects in close collaboration with UN Agencies, NGOs, and other partners; mobilizing community members to participate in project implementation; Monitoring of project activities; coordinating all recovery activities at the District level and provide the link between the community and the Office of the County Superintendent; and facilitating the establishment of CBOs and assist in the strengthening of their capacities for effective partnership and sustainability. The DDCs are further expected to facilitate and provide a platform for the identification of common concerns and thus become true facilitators of reconciliation and peaceful coexistence for people at the ground level. (Re. Annex 2, p.35 'Structure and Composition of DDCs).
46. The DDCs are balanced in composition and a good representative of the members of their respective communities, irrespective of whether they are returnees, ex-combatants, or hosting communities. They are gender balanced, and will include the youth, clan representatives, and religious groups (such as the Interfaith Associations). At the same time, The Committees are a representative of the old arrangements (the traditional local governance structure composed of Paramount Chiefs, and Clan and Town Chiefs), and representatives of the conventional local Government structures.
47. The committees will be provided with necessary training to enable them conduct their appraisal and approval, managerial and oversight responsibilities effectively and efficiently.
48. The DDCs and the Agricultural Committees will serve as hubs for the collection and upward and downward dissemination of information; platforms for the
20 training and the sensitisation of their communities in some such issues as reintegration, reconciliation, civil/human rights, elections, HIV/AIDs, child protection, security (weapons for peace) and sexual exploitation; and will be responsible for collecting community contributions. The level of contribution from communities will depend on ease of flow of communication to community members and their level of participation in the activities.
49. The UNTFHS Programme will constitute DDCs in areas were it establishes its presence.
At the national level,
50. The points of reference and departure for this Programme will be based on the national recovery strategy as is articulated in the Results Focused Transitional Framework (RFTF), and the UN joint Needs Assessment (sponsored by the UNDO, the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund). Of the nine goals identified by the RFTF, security to 'maintain peace throughout the country and reduce Liberia's destabilizing impact on the West Africa region through the continuous implementation of peacekeeping actions' was deemed the most urgent priority [UN Joint Needs Assessment, 2004].
51. Although the UN Mission in Liberia is currently responsible for the maintenance of peace and has fielded security personnel throughout the country, the long-term sustenance of peace will require National capacity and the dedicated participation of communities. The Programme, by supporting the coming together of community members, will lay the grounds for the enhancement of peace in post- conflict Liberia. It institute community platforms that will allow for the direct and indirect (by representation) participation of constituencies in the local decision making processes that address social and economic needs, and thus allow for the promotion of the collective good.
52. RFTF Working Committees (RWC) are coordinating interventions and ensuring proper flow of information to the different partners so as to avoid duplication of efforts and redundancies.
53. The Ministry of Agriculture is the Chair of the RFTF Working Committee (RWC-7) tasked with the responsibility to coordinate support to the promotion of livelihood activities, and the Ministry of Rural Development is coordinating interventions in rural development Liberia. FAO is the co-chair for the committee. The UNTFHS Programme Manager will attend all coordination meetings and share periodic progress reports with the RWCs.
At the level of the UNCT
54. All Agencies are generally fully appreciative of the need to coordinate programme delivery and subsequently introduce integrate planning and implementation arrangements. To this end, UNDP has individual standing and cooperation Memorandums of Understanding with UNHCR and UNIFEM, jointly, it has signed another coordination and integration MOU with UNICEF, WFP, and UNFPA. [Annex 9: UNCT Joint Action Plan]
55. FAO is in the process of finalizing separate MOUs with WFP and UNHCR.
21 56. In the UNCT context, UNIFEM leads in gender mainstreaming issues and concerns, and will take lead in the reconciliation process to be initiated at the community grassroots level by Women's Associations and groups, and other organizations concerned with mainstreaming the agenda on gender.
57. Programme interventions concerning the reintegration of returning refugees and IDPs are coordinated with UNHCR. UNHCR and UNDP are already partnering in launching integrated relief to development programmes along the lines of the now popularly referred to as the 4Rs concept - an integrated approach to programming stretching from Repatriation to Reintegration to Rehabilitation and Reconstruction-.
58. The UNV office is physically housed at the UNDP country office. The office has been instrumental in recruiting national and international volunteers to manage the programmes and projects for most of the UNCT. It is expected that the UNTFHS programme will benefit from such existing arrangements.
59. Synergies will also be developed with other interventions including Protection and Human Rights, and HIV/AIDS Programmes.
60. The Manager of the UNTFHS Programme will periodically submit substantive reports to the UNCT. Moreover, members of the UNCT will be requested to nominate a representative to the UNTFHS Projects Appraisal Committee (PAC) to consider community sub-projects for approval by assessing the relevance and sustainability of proposals. The PAC will ensure synergy and linkage between various UN Programmes, and will build UNCT consensus around the Programme strategies and planned results.
Other Implementation Partners:
61. For rehabilitation works regarding basic social services, the UNTFHS programme will partner with National NGOs, the sub-contracts will not be large enough to attract international partners. There is need to support the building of capacity of national NGOs that were dismantled during the conflict.
62. International NGOs will be considered for specialized contracts.
63. For the agricultural component, local suppliers of seeds and tools will be identified in consultation with the stakeholders. A list of suitable variety and quantities of seeds and tools will be prepared and, in as far as it is feasible, will be procured on the basis of competitive bidding.
22 Part IV. Beneficiaries and Beneficiary Selection Criteria:
64. Overall the UNTFHS Programme will benefit communities that are just emerging from decades of conflict, and have yet to feel and appreciate the dividends of peace. The current environment is such that the State does not have the capacity to protect and provide safe and secure environment to its constituents. The Programme will deliver basic needs socio-economic needs that are critical to the enhancement of peace and prevention of possible collapse.
65. The Programme will benefit individuals, communities and also civil society. a. Beneficiaries:
66. Besides the direct individual beneficiaries, the UNTFHS Programme will also benefit communities and NGOs.
67. Directly, the Programme will benefit 4,000 vulnerable households and 200 blacksmiths, which (when calculated using an average family size of 5), will be expected to support about 21,000 family members.
68. Further, employment opportunities will be created for those engaged in the implementation of the labour intensive works and the rehabilitation of the schools, health clinics, and the water and sanitary systems. Beside the economic benefits realized by the individuals, there is also a very essential social benefit in such subprojects because they bring together residents of different background and orientation. Based on lessons learned from similar interventions (experiences from the implementation of sub-projects in Bong County), on average, 70% of the labour force engaged in such sub-projects is ex-combatants. Thus the sub-projects providing opportunities for discourse and reconciliation.
69. Geographically, of the total fifteen (15) Counties, the Programme will benefit nine (9). Forty one (41) District Development Committees will be established and trained to service their respective communities by identifying, articulating and prioritising their collective needs. Moreover, the Committees will also be expected to ensure an acceptable quality of the services rendered by each sub-project.
70. The rehabilitation of the social service infrastructure will also benefit communities by providing them better access to services and utilities. Again from experiences gained from interventions in Bong County, the average catchment potential of each sub-project is as summarized below.
71. Based on an average school benefiting 650 students per year, the UNTFHS Programme (supporting 44 schools) will benefit about 28,600 students. Similarly, based on the catchment potential of a clinic, the Programme will benefit about 84,000 people. The 110 proposed wat-san subprojects can be expected to benefit over a million community residents. [Re Annex 8: pg 47]
72. Last but not least, the Programme will benefit NGOs by way supporting them to build their capacities and effectively partnering in the implementation of the Programme.
23 b. Beneficiary Selection Criteria;
73. Geographically the UNTFHS Programme will focus on nine Counties selected on the basis of
i. higher rates of return and resettlement of refugees, and the internally displaced population. The population expected to return is in the range of 850,000 (500,000 IDPs and 350,00 refugees, Re. Annex 8)
ii. proximity to the conflict, that is the front line counties that suffered the most destruction of infrastructure, and
iii. remoteness and inaccessibility and have been deprived of international support for long - this is mostly true of the south eastern Counties. For instance, River Gee, despite its lowest number of expected returnees, will benefit from the programme because it is one of the Counties which have least benefited from such support interventions in the past.
74. At the individual level, the Programme will be comprehensive in its approach. It will target all members of communities (including ex-combatants, returnees and residents), but its guiding principles throughout will be to give priority consideration to vulnerable groups, including women and child headed households, disadvantaged returning IDP and refugee families. For some components, the Programme will also make some quality considerations including prior entrepreneurial experiences in areas including trading, processing, service giving.
75. Although the overall number of beneficiary communities at the County level will be determined using the rate of return to the County, 'return' alone cannot be accepted as a sole vulnerability criteria for determining the individual benefactor and selection of direct beneficiary communities will be determined at the District level.
76. Although normally the beneficiary communities per County will be determined proportional to the rate of return and intensity of destruction of social service infrastructure, it needs to be noted that, although this will be the basic principle for apportioning benefits to the targeted beneficiary communities, the Programme will be flexible enough to accommodate any unforeseen priorities and needs that may arise. The Programme will consider nominees from other sister Agencies including UNICEF, WFP, UNHCR and FAO.
77. Some of the general selection guidelines will include:
o A standard rating system based on the degree of damage sustained by infrastructure (in percentage form) will be used to determine intervention priorities,
o The ratio of the number of returnees and resettling ex-combatants to the resident District population, and the population qualifying as vulnerable (the disabled, widows, female and child headed households, etc), and
o Needs assessments of returning refugees and the internally displaced, conducted by UNHCR and other UN Agencies.
24 Part V. Programme Risks:
78. The major risk that can potentially disrupt the UNTFHS Programme is the relapse to conflict. Relapse is, however, very unlikely because the overall Liberia population, and more so rural Liberia, seems to be very tired of living under fear and uncertainty. This was manifest in the resolve of the communities that UNDP and FAO have been working with —moreover, it was also manifest in the determination and individual self-discipline and want that was expressed in the last national election.
79. At the programmatic level, rehabilitated social service delivering systems may suffer from lack of budgets for meeting their running and recurrent costs. However, for interventions that entail such recurrent cost/investment for their proper functioning including schools and health clinics, UNDP will first seek confirmation of sustained support, in the form of teachers, and teacher salaries, medical supplies and medical personnel, from appropriate officials and organizations prior to embarking on renovation and reclaiming.
80. At districts level, duplication of similar activities by other NGOs may occur. Effective coordination through existing mechanisms of the Agriculture Coordination Committee (ACC) with other major players in community development and agricultural sector will be considered to avoid any possible overlap and/or duplication of activities.
25 Part VI. Monitoring, Reporting and Evaluation:
81. At the field level, participating Agencies, with field representation will form a joint task force to monitor the delivery of inputs and the implementation of subprojects, and UNDP will be the focal point for collating and consolidating periodic substantive field reports. UNDP will finalize the reports along the lines and format of the UN, and together with the financial reports (individually prepared by the three participating Agencies), UNDP will submit the Programme reports to the Human Security Unit at OCHA New York (HSU/OCHA).
82. All revisions of the project will be first shared with HSU/OCHA for their consideration and approval.
83. Programme evaluation and its achievements will be based on and measured against the work-plan and set indicators as presented in the proposal.
84. In principle, the Programme will be periodically monitored by the Japanese Embassy (Accra, Ghana), the Ministry of Planning and, UNDP-RBA and HSU/OCHA offices from New York.
85. An independent consultant/expert will be engaged to undertake the mid-term evaluation at the end of the first phase (first year) and before the commencement of the second. The commencement of the second will depend on the findings and recommendations of the evaluation. The implementing Agencies including FAO, WFP and UNDP will facilitate both the monitoring and evaluation exercise.
86. Special Considerations: because of the wide geographical area The UN TFHS Programme is expected to cover, and because of lack of transportation facilities into the Programme areas, FAO and UNDP will require vehicles and computers (cars and motor bicycles) to effectively follow up and monitor the Programme. It will be noted, however, that, at the end of the programme life, these assets will be disposed of- according to guidelines on "Project Disposal of Assets" and handed over to appropriate local government offices to be determined by the participating agencies.
Part VII. Programme Sustainability
87. One of the major deliverables of the Programme is the rehabilitation of basic social service infrastructure. Before the approval of sub-projects on health and education, UNDP will secure the provision of recurrent cost for at least a period of two years by seeking partnership with other UN Agencies (UNICEF, UNHCR for example), and donors. At the end of the said period, the Government is expected to assume its full responsibility for meeting the running recurrent expenses of such utilities.
88. The temporary mass employment component (UNDP-WFP implemented) is intended to provide a temporary remedy to the prevailing high unemployment rate during this - relief-to-development - period of transition. The component is expected to reinstate the culture of work on those who have for so long been dependent on relief handouts and prepare them for anticipated revival of the local economies.
26 89. FAO's interventions are to prepare and better equip farmers to self-sustain and to secure their livelihoods and, in the long term, produce surplus to improve the quality of their lives.
90. The support given to communities from all development partners, including the UN cooperating agencies will be sustainable only if supported and appreciated by the recipient communities. The Programme expects those agencies mandated to establish longer-term operational presence on the ground to deliver their respective services with full cooperation of the DDCs.
Part VIII. Fund Disbursement Arrangements
91. Disbursement of funds to the three participating Agencies (UNDP, FAO, and WFP) will be effected according to UNDO provisions for pass-through arrangements for fund management with UNDP assuming the responsibility to open a project account and disburse to the participating agencies in agreed upon tranches.
92. Each Agency will individually report on the disbursement of finances for the segment of the Programme it is responsible for in accordance with its respective financial rules and regulations. UNDP will be responsible for consolidating and submitting both the financial and substantive reports to UNTFHS.
93. Disbursement of funds will be effected in two phases. On satisfactory completion of the first phase and with fulfilment of all reporting requirements for the first phase, the second phase disbursement will be carried out.
94. Implementation of the second phase of the Programme will be based on the first evaluation and positive appraisal of the first phase of the programme (Re. Para 84 above).
27 Part IX. PROGRAMME BUDGET - HUMAN SECURITY FUND ACTIVITY/COMPONENT Units Unit UNDP FAO WFP Total B Yearl Year 2 Price Budget : r "••*; "'; r.;{4 ; !6SWf« 'WF V'AZ^.Vy *''-:•** Direct Si^6rt1i:o r ,GSriiinuhUiS*p'^l;&; w^ >;:'-;LX'vifi: -: .. . ,'*^ -^ Wi*,; '•': ' SiSi93,60d.oo ;ggp w** Ki93;6dii»;«d 1SS440.00 S!fcM6,160.00 C. General operational cost FOOD SECURITY - WFP Commodities - (1,190 MT)3 321,500.00 321,500.00 160,750.00 160,750.00 External Transport 1,190 145 172,500 172,500 86,250.00 86,250.00 LTSH 1,190 130.68 155,500 155,500 77,750.00 77,750.00 Direct Support Cost (staff related) 1,190 104.65 124,500 124,500 62,250.00 62,250.00 Sub^d^l"W]BS^i&»f#iii^^^f^. mm* S':774;odo;bo !S74;otioMd !?3"87;dOO.d IS5R387;Od0.dO D.CAPACITY BUILDING COMP." a. CBOs/NGOs service delivery training- 10 1,000 10,000 60,000 70,000.00 60,000.00 10,000 b. Support to Establishment of DDCs 41 4000 164,000 164,000.00 82,000.00 82,000 c. Support to DDC -equipment & supplies 41 2000 82,000 82,000.00 41,000.00 41,000 d. Training of Farmers -6mn 41 1,000 252,000 252,000.00 84,000.00 168,000 e. Workshop Services 10 1000 10,000 10,000.00 5,000.00 5,000 41,000.00 20,500.00 20,500 ". Participatory Community Appraisal 41 1,000 41,000 ! Sub-tblal^ilS^s|p!s®Sii®Sa¥as^ iss-m 1Sp5gi?30'7iOdO ilga«»:3i2'000 SewtfdoJob |2925oo;oo S!f326i500.dOi E. EQUIPMENT/OPERATIONS & MAINTENANCE Vehicles 4 32,000 64,000.00 64,000.00 128,000.00 128,000.00 0.00 Victor cycle - FAO 5 2,700 13,500.00 13,500.00 13,500.00 0.00 Computer and Accessories 4 3,000 6,000.00 6,000.00 12,000.00 12,000.00 0.00 Office Supplies, and other supplies 10,000.00 5,000.00 15,000.00 10,000.00 5,000.00 Operation and Maintenance5 61,936.74 61,936.74 123,873.50 61,936.74 61,936.74 Sub:tb"tlKSS^!j^t>''!fi»afS««MiKil W&mi$3&74 fiPPa5Ci,43'6.7'4 #292,373150 ;f225,436:74 J38K"66,936.74 TotaI-Pj^sraMne;ebstpSSia?«8«iS?W^fe( t*tft!% sifli&SfllfitSeO SglSi935#36;74 :S7.74*ooo:oo 3i590,115:36 1,847,047.67 ^ 1,743,067.67 Indirect Cost UNDP - 7% 131,647.50 131,647.50 65,823.75 65,823.75 Pass Through Management Fee -UNDP-1% 35,901.15 35,901.15 18,470.48 17,430.68 FAO-10% 93,544 93,543.67 46,771.84 46,771.84 WFP -Direct operational Cost 1,190 5.6 6,660.00 6,660.00 3,330.00 3,330.00 administration and other overhead costs for bod security) i»67l548S;6 If'i-igpi^jjrS^it *l!e;66d:oo f267l75233 ^IMl&KOe'' SsSiss^se^e
1 See Annex 3 for details 2 See Annex 4 for details 3 See Annex 5 for details 4 See Annex 6 for details 5 See Annex 7 for details 28 ANNEXES and Budget Notes
29 Annex 1: Results Focused Transitional Framework -RFTF
Liberia Reconstruction Conference Priority Outcomes and Expected Results for the Transition Period: 2004 - 05 Executive Summary of the Results-Focused Transition Framework 13th January 2004: draft 4
INTRODUCTION
1. After several decades of peace and prosperity, and a period characterized by poverty and poor governance, the people of Liberia have endured 15 years of destructive civil wars and political failure. The political process underway now, building on the Comprehensive Peace Agreement of August 2003, and leading into the 2004 - 2005 transition period, offers a vital opportunity for national recovery. It is being described, in Monrovia, as "probably Liberia's last chance, but certainly the best opportunity yet". Securing international support for the two year transition process is critically important. The attached document - developed jointly by the National Transitional Government of Liberia (NTGL), the World Bank, the UN system and other national and international stakeholders - indicates a number of priority outcomes to be pursued during this transition period, and results that are expected as the transition evolves.
THE CONTEXT
2. During the transition period we should expect to see the repair of social and economic systems, recovery of communities, and laying the institutional foundation for Liberia's transformation into a progressive, productive, stable and secure democracy. These can only be initiated if the Comprehensive Peace Agreement is scrupulously implemented, with stewardship by a cohesive, accountable and adequately trained transition government. The transition government is to be replaced, after two years, by a democratically elected legislature and executive.
3. Activities implemented during the transition period will be taken forward under the authority of the NTGL. But absorption and implementation capacity is limited at present and intensive, rapid and focused support is needed now, from a variety of stakeholders. These include Liberian professionals (in the diaspora as well as in country), Liberian institutions and civil society, UNMIL, NGOs, donor agencies, private entities, Bretton-Woods institutions, UN agencies, funds and programmes. If resources are to be used effectively, in ways that contribute to in-country capacity, stakeholders must work together as an alliance. Their efforts should be focused on a set of agreed priorities, and well coordinated.
4. The transition will only be successful if violence is contained, environments are secure and individual, and institutional behavior reflects respect for the rule of law and human rights. Former combatants must be disarmed, demobilized, and reintegrated into society. Refugees and internally displaced people, too, must be enabled to return home. Revitalized community structures, functioning basic services and government that responds to the interests and needs of all people will provide the kind of climate that encourages both community stability and potential for prosperity in both rural and urban areas. Particular attention must be paid to the needs of vulnerable groups.
30 5. Given the extremely damaged condition of services, systems and institutions in Liberia, the continuous challenges faced by Liberia's people as they go about their daily lives, and the urgent need to initiate the transition, a process is underway to identify needs and focus on priority outcomes to be achieved during the transition period. This Needs Assessment process was designed by the NTGL and international stakeholders in Monrovia, mid-November 2003. The scope of the Needs Assessment reflects the programme set out by the transitional government in October 2003. It also draws on, and incorporates, the analysis, findings and plans developed in November 2003 for the Common Humanitarian Action Plan (and Consolidated Appeal) for Liberia in 2004.
6. The work of the Needs Assessment, during December 2003, was concentrated on 13 priority sectors. These were drawn together in nine clusters. Specific attention is given to gender, HIV/AIDS, environment, human rights, shelter, the timber industry and media - which are being handled as cross-cutting issues. The most urgent needs in the priority sectors were established through consultations involving government, NGOs, agencies, the UN Mission, IMF and the World Bank, coordinated by a group of designated task managers. Because of travel limitations in-country resulting from UN-wide security restrictions, secondary data are used extensively.
7. The Needs Assessment incorporates a Framework for priority outcomes, and expected results (the RFTF) for 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. The template for the framework was devised at a national workshop involving national stakeholders, the World Bank, donors, UN agencies and others 20-21 November 2003.
8. The success of the transition depends on (a) the development of capacity in Liberian institutions for transparent management of activities and resources; (b) the availability of resources to support the sustained implementation of a series of inter- dependent and high priority action; and (c) the release of these resources, when needed, in a timely manner. The revenue currently available in Liberia is insufficient to pay salaries of essential civil servants at an adequate level, let alone provide essential equipment or permit rehabilitation of basic services like water and electricity. External resources - made available as grants and soft loans - are an essential prerequisite for success. But donors will only invest in the transition if they are convinced that their resources are properly managed. And the capacity of government officials to plan programmes, manage finance, deliver services and monitor progress is limited by an absolute lack of facilities and equipment, critical shortages of human resources, and continuing insecurity in some areas.
9. Those who are considering support for Liberia's transition want to be able to assess the implementation capacity of local and national institutions, and to be sure that these institutions are able to absorb and make use of any resources they receive. If they are not convinced that in-country capacity is adequate, they will only provide resources on the condition that they are channeled through groups they know to be capable, outside of the government.
10. In order to support the building of in-country public sector capacity, the priority at the start of this transition period is to ensure adequate management capacity - particularly the management of finances - within public institutions. Other priorities include (a) nurturing community- level capacity that supports economic growth, (b) ensuring the rule of law through minimal judicial, police and corrections services and the protection of human rights, (c) reducing public uncertainty, and (d) increasing confidence, among donors and private investors, that essential services can be
31 delivered where needed - effectively and efficiently. This means a coordinated effort that addresses agreed priorities in ways that use scarce resources well. 11. The present exercise feeds in to the Liberia Reconstruction Conference on February 5th and 6th, at which the international community will establish a partnership for Liberia. Ideally this partnership will be characterized by predictable and consistent support for (a) the activities that are most needed in the country, (b) their effective implementation, and (c) the monitoring of progress. The NGTL recognizes that an overambitious or unrealistic set of priority outcomes would be counterproductive.
Hence NGTL is putting forward a visionary document with credible and realistic goals and feasible implementation mechanisms. It envisages that systems will be established for the regular monitoring of implementation and results by all stakeholders, evaluation of achievements and auditing of resources.
THE PROCESS
12. More than 40 officials and Ministers from the Government have so far been directly involved in detailed work within individual sectors, themes and clusters. A similar number from civil society and NGOs have been involved, too. Around 40 persons from the World Bank and UN system have contributed. Many more persons were involved in the consultations for the sector and thematic studies.
13. The RFTF matrices - which reflect priority outcomes - were synthesized on December 31st and then discussed with over 100 persons drawn from different constituencies of legislators and Ministers, the former warring factions and civil society representatives at a series of consultations January 5th and 6th. They were further revised by a combined NGTL, World Bank and UN working group January 7th.
14. An executive summary of the matrices will then be presented at, and endorse by, a high level summit involving key elements of the NTGL, ECOWAS, the African Union, World Bank, UN and others, in Monrovia, on January 8th.
15. The matrices will be presented, by the NTGL, to a reconstruction conference preparatory meeting in New York on January 15th. In the succeeding week, a summary Needs Assessment text and tables of projected financial requirements will be developed to accompany the synthesized RFTF matrix. Information packs containing these documents will be disseminated to organizations, governments, media and institutions involved in the February 5th- 6th reconstruction conference during the last week of January 2004.
16. The matrices and summary text will provide a basis against which those wishing to invest in the transition can make pledges of support, release tranches of funds for specific purposes, and monitor the use made of the support.
17. The matrices are also being used as a source for information to be communicated - to Liberian decision makers, to the parties to the Comprehensive Peace Agreement, and to the general population, as well as to interested parties outside the country - about plans for and progress of the transition process.
THE RESULTS-FOCUSED TRANSITION FRAMEWORK
32 18. The underlying vision for the Transition Framework is the establishment of a secure and enabling environment leading to democratic elections, recovery and reconstruction through the scrupulous implementation of the Accra agreement under a cohesive, accountable and adequately resourced Transition Government at the service of the Liberian people
19. The following table indicates the kinds of priority outcomes that are to be pursued during the transition process.
jSno CLTJSXER. Jt SECTOR | Priorirv Outcome bv December 2O05 1 SEX; 4J Kli'OL i" :: 1.1 L j.-NJ-vil 1 U±^fJ_(L>^: MJiiM i Pxil>Jic and business confidence increased, and. greater security ensiared. throiSLgib. TLJNjVUI, troop deplo-yioaejat 1.2 ARMEO FORCES EstabluslnnaetJit of armsd. forces' role in building; peace add! siapportmg RESTRUCTURING democratic tESEnsfiansiaticai; restructurrEig.. retraining and deployment initiated! m aoco-rdarsce with; thie Corto]arelaenEiT.^e Peace AexeenaeaiiL ~j DISAKMAMKiN I', Successful! dLsarma-mene and.
33 4.5 ^U'itRliL.U.l'UiiN S'K S1J£JV1 J^jsfioran off ttue cosireciiaai systena. so that iS: fran/ctiaai-s macxre iu. line \viiih imtem-ataoiiaa "best practice. 4-.6 JJ±iViJ_OlJrvtHJ>4:i t?±-' Jl•"onndatigua laid, fe-r a strong vibrant and involvied civil socaegy with CIVIL. SQCEETST t:tvil society organizations enabled to exercise their rights (freedom of cypiuiorL, expression sod asssxoib-ly, no discriKKiaaaLom}:, develop c:o3a2tu!unit\r-
34 Annex 2.
Structure and Composition of the DDCs
For the purpose of a representative participation and popular ownership, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, in consultation with UNDP and UNHCR as well as other stakeholders, has endorsed a 14-member DDC to have the following structure and representation:
1. District Commissioner/Superintendent (Ex-officio) 2. Chairperson 3. Representative of Chiefs 4. Representative of all Women Groups 5. Representatives of Youth Groups (2 persons: 1 male, 1 female) 6. Representatives of elders (2 persons: 1 male, 1 female) 7. Representatives of CBOs (2 persons: 1 male, 1 female) 8. Representatives of Sectors (4 persons: minimum 2 females)
Where there is a statutory district that comprises more than one (1) county district, the DDC shall be established at the level of the statutory district and shall represent all of the county districts that make up the statutory district. In this case, the ex-officio to the DDC shall be the district superintendent. The district superintendent or commissioner, as ex-officio, will not have voting rights but will provide critical advice and guidance as regards government policies and plans.
Of the 13 voting members, 5 are reserved for female representatives. Females could also vie for the chairperson position. Following their elections the DDC members will elect from amongst themselves the co-chairperson (preferably a female if the chairperson is a male) and a secretary. The sectors to be represented include Agriculture, Education, Health and Water and Sanitation.
Terms of Reference of the DDCs; 1. Serve as the developmental arm of the district; 2. Determine priority areas (sectoral and geographical) of intervention; 3. Sensitize community residents and, through a participatory approach, assist in the process of project design, evaluation and formulation of strategy in collaboration with NGOs, and UN Agencies; 4. Vet and recommend local NGOs, CBOs, etc., as implementing partners where possible; 5. Mobilize community members to participate in project implementation; 6. Monitor project activities; 7. Coordinate all recovery activities at the level of the district and provide the missing link between the community and Office of the County Superintendent and the Transition Recovery Team; and 8. Facilitate the establishment of CBOs and assist in the strengthening of their capacities for effective partnership and sustainability.
Basic Criteria for Selection of DDC Members
To be eligible to become a DDC member, a candidate must be
• A resident of the district
35 • Have good character • Be development oriented • Be interested in the well-being of the community/district • Be elected by the people
Additional literature of DDCs; their composition and basic functions
At the District Community level, in order to facilitate the proper and democratic identification and prioritization of community needs, and also to avoid duplication of efforts and consequent redundancies and wastage of resources, UNDP is in the process of establishing community/District level Development Committees (DDCs). Such Committees will be also responsible of the management and monitoring of implementation arrangements. The DDCs will be balanced in composition and a good representative of the members of their respective communities, irrespective of whether they are returnees, ex-combatants, or hosting communities. They will be gender balanced, and will include the youth, clan representatives, and religious groups (such as the Interfaith Associations). At the same time, The Committees will be representative of the old arrangements (Paramount Chiefs, and Clan and Town Chiefs), and representatives of the conventional local Government structures. The Committees are expected to facilitate and provide a platform for the identification of common concerns and thus become true facilitators of reconciliation and peaceful coexistence for people at the ground level. Membership of the Committees will be arranged in such a way that the members from the CBOs and traditional leadership will constitute the majority, while, to ensure ownership, the Committee chairmanship will be assigned to the Government.
Specifically the DDCs will be responsible for:
• Sensitising community residents, assist in the process of identification and prioritisation of their needs, and formulation of projects in close collaboration with UN Agencies, NGOs, and other partners; • Mobilizing community members to participate in project implementation; • Monitoring of project activities; • Coordinating all recovery activities at the District level and provide the link between the community and the Office of the County Superintendent; and Facilitating the establishment of CBOs and assist in the strengthening of their capacities for effective partnership and sustainability
36 Annex 3: Budget Notes:
Funding Requirements for the Rehabilitation Basic Social Services
The basis for calculating the Programme funding requirements have been averaged out from proposals UNDP has actually been collecting from Bong County (Re. Annex Il,pp58).
Some of the other factors taken into consideration when determining the level of intervention by County include:
• The level and relative intensity of destruction - Lofa, Bong, Nimba, Gbarpolu • Counties with international borders and sensitivity and point of entry for return - Nimba, G. Gedeh, G. Cape, Lofa and Maryland • Lack of past and ongoing international support - Maryland, River Gee, and • State and condition of access roads - Lofa, Nimba,
Especially for the Wat-san component, it is to be noted that the Programme, instead of constructing new facilities, will focus more on rehabilitating existing looted and vandalized facilities.
The funding requirements for this Programme component based on the above is expected to be about $1.3 million
Costing of components by Extrapolations:
By extrapolation, and from field experience, the average unit cost per Programme Component has been determined to be as follows:
a. Access roads rehabilitation $819.94/mile b. Economic infrastructure $11,200 -for Bong County c. Schools' rehabilitation $14,405.63/schooI d. Clinics' Rehabilitation 5> 14,000— Average cost to cover clinics and centers e. Wat-san Rehabilitation $l,750/unit
37 Table 2 Funding requirements for the Rehab Component Total District Need Units Cost/U Total Cost Gbarpolu Acces Roads 30m 30 819.94 24,598 Education 1/district 14,405.63, 72,028 Health facilities 2 clinics 14,000.00, 28,000 Safe drinking water 3 wells/district 15 1,750.00 26,250
Lofa Access Roads 80 miles 80 819.94 $65,595 Education 5 schools 14,405.63 $72,028 Health 2 clinics 14,000.00 $28,000
Bong Access Roads 40 40 819.94 32,798 Education 3 schools 14,405.63 43,217 Health 2 clinics 14,000.00 28,000 Safe drinking water 2 wells/district
Nimba Access Roads 70m 70 819.94 $57,396 Education 5 schools 14,405.63 $72,028 Health 3 clinics 14,000.00 $42,000 Safe drinking water 2 wells/district 1,750.00
Grand Gedeh Access Roads 20 miles 20 819.94 16,399 Education 2schools/district 14,405.63 86,434 Health 1 clinic/district 14,000.00 42,000 Safe drinking water 3 wells/district 1,750.00 15,750
River Gee Access Roads 20 miles 20 819.94 16,399 Education 3 per district 14,405.63 86,434 Safe drinking water 5 wells/district 10 1,750.00 17,500
Maryland Access Roads 30 per district 120 819.94 $98,393 Education 6 schools 14,405.63 $86,434 Safe drinking water 5 wells/district 20 1,750.00 $35,000
Bomi Education 4 per district 14,405.63 $115,245 Health 2 clinic/district 14,000.00 $56,000 Safe drinking water ! wells/district 16 1,750.00 $28,000
jrand Cape Mount Access Roads 51 miles road 51 819.94 $41,817
38 Annex 4
Breakdowns - International consultant pest control
Air ticket ($ 1,250/trip for possible 2 trips): $2,500 Monthly honorarium ($6000.0/per month for 3 months): $18,000 PSA ($278x90davs'): $25.000 Total: $45,000
39 Annex 5
Breakdowns - Food security commodities
Commodity Quantity in Mt Unit price (US$~) Total cost Cereals 1,000 224 224,000 Pulses 100 350 35,000 Oil 90 695 62.500 Total 1,190 --- $321,500
40 Annex 6. Budget notes: Capacity Building Component
D. Capacity Building Component
a. CBOs/NGOs Service Delivery Training (UNDP):
Activity Cost in US$
Training Facilitators 2 600 Training materials 250 Snacks and tea coffee for participants 100 Training hall preparation / maintenance/water etc 50 Total Costs for one training 1,000 Total cost for 10 training 10,000
CBOs/NGOs service delivery training (FAO):
Activity TOTAL 28 DDC training workshops in 14 districts @US$1000 each 28,000 Training materials 14xUS350 4,900 3 national consultants @US$1000x6 18,000 Miscellaneous 9,100 Total Cost in US$ 60,000
41 b. Support to establishment of DDC
Activity Cost in USS 1. Sensitization & Mobilization a. County Level 200 b. Clan level 100 i. Community Level workshop 400 ii. Forum materials 400 iii. Sensitizes/Animators 100 2. DDC Elections a. Polling staff 200 b. Ballot Paper, Ink, Register 50 c. Meeting hall preparation / maintenance 300 DDC Training (4 days) Training Facilitators 2 800 Training materials 500 Snacks and tea coffee 200 Training hall preparation/maintenance/water etc 100 Vehicle rental & transportation 400 Documentary (report printing and binding) 250 Costs for one DDC establishment 4,000 Total Cost for 41 DDCs establishment 164,000
c. Support to DDC - equipment and supplies
Item Description Quantity Unit Cost Total Cost US$ US$ Plain paper 8 reams 18 144 Letter head papers 4 reams 40 160 Plain envelopes 4 boxes 5 20 Letter head envelopes 4 boxes 48 192 Pads 28 pieces 1 28 Pens 4 boxes 16 64 Pencils 4 boxes 1 4 Pencil sharpeners 4 pieces 1 4 Staplers 2 pieces 6 12 Staplers pins 3 packs 1 3 Typewriter 1 piece 350 350 Ribbons 4 pieces 3 6 Correction fluid 6 bottles 1 6 Dissolvent 4 bottles 1 4 Dairies 14 pieces 10 140 Wall calendar 1 pieces 3 3 Office desk 2 piece 155 310 Table 1 piece 150 150 Office chairs 4 pieces 25 100 Benches 2 pieces 50 100 Filing cabinet 1 piece 200 200 Cost for one DDC US$ 2000 Total cost for 41 DDC US$ 82,000
42 d. Training of farmers:
Activity TOTAL 5 blacksmith training courses (each with 40 participants for 75,000 one month) ToT workshops for master farmers (each with 45 50,000 participants for 5 days) 4 national consultants @US$1 OOOxl Omon 40,000 10 Field technicians/extension workers @US$600x lOmon 60,800 Blacksmith training equipment 26,200 Total Cost in US$ 252,000
e. Work Shop Services:
Activity Unit Cost USS Meeting hall preparation / maintenance/water etc 200 Facilitator for the workshop 400 Training materials 100 Snacks and tea coffee 100 Vehicle rental and transportation 200 Total Costs USS per workshop 1,000 Total planned 10 Workshop and total cost USS 10, 000
f. Participatory Community Appraisal:
Activity TOTAL County Level coordination meetings 50 Community level need assessment priority setting meeting 50 PRA Facilitators 2 600 PRA Training materials and stationery 100 Vehicle rental & transportation 200 Costs for one participatory community appraisal 1,000 Total Cost in USS 41,000
43 Annex 7: Budget notes, Maintenance and Operation
Calculation for Vehicle Maintenance and Operations costs.
The calculations were based on three main components (with a 7% contingency) including (a) an average of the monthly fuel invoice for UNDP vehicles, and (b) A UNDP annual Invoice for maintenance charges. A third element is the salary of four drivers that are required for manning the four vehicles.
Table 1 UNDP Operation and Maintenance/vehicle
Item-one vehicle Unit $ Cost/Unit Total Cost/2yrs a. Maintenance 2 years 2,380.81/year 4,761.62 b. Operations-fuel 24 months 657.53/month 15,780.78 c. Salaries for 2 drivers 24 months S350/month 8,400.00 $28,942.40 7% contingency 2,025.97 Total M&O/vehicIe $30968.37 Four Vehicles - M&O 4 Vehicles $123,873.50.00
Samples of Fuel and Maintenance Invoices
a. Sample vehicle maintenance cost/year 28,000 4,900 3 national consultants @US$ 1000x6 18,000 Miscellaneous 9,100 Total Cost in US$ 60,000
44 Annex 8 Table: 3 Expected Movement of Refugees, IDPs, and Ex-combatants
Counties Expected Rate Average of Return Return 1. Lofa 191,889 33 2. Bomi 86,893 15 3. Montserrado*6 74,850 13 4. Bong 46,739 8 5. Maryland 44,036 7.6 6. Nimba 37,000 6.4 7. Grbapolu 34,248 5.9 8. Grand Cape 31,425 5.4 9. Grand Geddeh 20,761 3.6 10. River Gee 1,589
Note: * 45% of those demobilized ex-combatants have indicated that they will return to the Monrovia area (Montserrado County) - however this County is catered to and will not be an area of Programme focus
Source: Humanitarian Information Centre, OCHA, Liberia
The high rate of return or a preferred area for future residence, Montserrado does qualify for support. However, considering that many of the international support offices are headquartered in Monrovia, the County is receiving relatively good support and, as such, the Programme can afford not to consider the County for support. 45 Annex 9: Table 4 Agricultural Inputs Inputs •. Unit Quan'tifyi'per' ?•:" Number of Total Observations beneficiaries beneficiaries quantity Rice seed Kg 25 4,000 100,000 Support will be provided Vegetable Kits 1 4,000 4,000 vulnerable individuals seeds according to agro-ecological zones Cutlass Pieces 2 4,000 8,000 These tools will be File Pieces 2 4,000 8,000 distributed to individuals Shovels Pieces 1 4,000 4,000 according to agro-ecological Scratching hoes Pieces 2 4,000 8,000 Watering Cans Pieces 1 4,000 4,000 Blacksmith Unit 7 associations 7 1 blacksmith-training centre training centre will be rehabilitated in each county. Production Kits 7 associations 35 Production equipment kits equipment kits will be provided to each blacksmith training centre Village Unit 35 associations 35 5 village level blacksmith blacksmith workshops will be workshops rehabilitated in each county
46 Annex 10: Annual Output Tar E*et — Rainy season starts third quarter - the countryside is inaccessible. Units T. Budget Year 1 Budget YR 1 Year 2 Budget VR- 2 Agency Q Q Q Q 0 Q 0 Q Output 1.1.1 and 1.1.2 FAO "raining of Trainers 60,000 X 60,000 - Training of Blacksmiths 200 75,000 X X 32,800 42,000 Training of master framers 45 50,000 X X 25,000 25,000 Training equipment 26,200 26,200 National consultant 4 40,000 40,000 Technicians/extension workers 10 60,800 60,800 Subtotal l;i:i & i:i.2 v 312,000 > -• >-•;-,• 144,000 '";, " ••; ., f- f 168,000 •-••••'• v. :':.•' i>»' Output 2.1.1 Training on Trainers -NGOs 10,000 X X 10,000 UNDPNGO Training of DDCs 41 164,000 X X 82,000 X 82,000 UNDPNGO Workshop Services 10,000 5,000 5,000 UNDPNGO Equipping the DDCs 82,000 41,000 41,000 UNDPNGO Community Training in Panic- planning 41,000 20,500 20,500 UNDPNGO Subtotal output 2.1.1- > ->- ^/ C']~ - ' >'v 307,000*':.?• • :*'?" 148,500 ?•'••- 7 tav'. 158,500 .•::.'. ; •jiSSf" Output 3.1.1 431 353,394.14 176,697.07 176,697.07 Gbapolou county 30m X X \ UNDP-WFP Lofa County 80m X X X X X UNDP-WFP River Gee 20m X X UNDP-WFP Maryland 30m X X X UNDP-WFP Grand Geddeh 20m X X UNDP-WFP Grand Cape Mount 51m X X X X X UNDP-WFP Nimba County 70m X X X X X UNDP-WFP Jong County 40m X X X X UNDP-WFP Distribution of food complements 321,500 X X 160,750 X X X 160,750 WFP Distribution logistics 452,500 226,250 226,250 WFP Monitoring and Evaluation 8,000 - 8,000 UNDP-WFP Subtotal Output 3.1;l:' ; ' -'• -. ' - ; '" 1,135,394.14 SV.Sy.563,697 '•'v?' .'-••• 571,697.07 Output 3.1.2 Local Ag Production & Food security Distribution agric inputs - seeds etc 174,400 X X 77,800 X X 96,600 FAO Distribution of tools and equipment 193,600 X X 77,440 X X 116,160 FAO Monitoring and Evaluation/International 45,000 45,000 Consultant- training/pest control Sub-total Output 3.1.2: ; 413,000 200,240 :' : 212;760 ':!•:'.-•- ';. •• Output 4.1.1- rehab of basic services Rehab of schools 44 633,847.72 316,923.86 316,923.86 UNDPNGO Gbapolou county 5 X X X X Lofa County 5 X X X X River Gee 6 X X X X Maryland 6 X X X X Grand Geddeh 6 X X X X Bomi 8 X X X X X Nimba 5 X X X Bong County 3 X X X Rehab of Health centers 16 224,000 112,000 112,000 UNDP.NGO Gbapolou county 2 X X X Lofa County 2 X X X Grand Geddeh 3 X X X X X Bomi 4 X X X X Nimba 3 X X X Bong, County 2 X X. X Rehab of wat-san 110 192,500 96,250 96,250 UNDPNGO Gbapolou county 15 X X X X River Gee 10 X X X Maryland 20 X X X X Grand Geddeh 9 X X X Grand Cape Mount 12 X X X X Nimba 12 X X X X Bong County 16 X X X X X Monitoring and evaluation 20,000 10,000 10,000 UNDP Sub-total Output 4.1.1 1,070347.72 535,173.86 '.':-':' ~- 535,173.86 Output 4.1.2 Basic Social Services 60,000 X 30,000 X X 30,000 FAO Rehabilitation/Rehab of blacksmith shops : ; ! Subtotal Output 4.1.2 60,000 *•• : ; 30,000 ..; :'•£ :&•?• '••':. f ; «5-30;000 V Total outputs costs V .'•'• -.v>. : !. ; 3,297,741.86 '<•'•"'..' • '••'•' 1,621,610.93 V': ''. 1,676,130.93 - Total Operations and Maintenance 292,373.50 225,436.74 66,936.74 Management fees 267,752.33 134,396.06 133,356.24 : Total Operational costs ; V-' 560,125.83 359,832.80 •• "•ivi'v;- ••'.-.*,• • .^s-* •''•;•>-, ! ¥200,292.98 .-: :.••.':.-- ••':.-.. Overall Programme cost 3,857,867.7 ' js.'-.V 1,981,443.73 '~,l ' ••• 1,876,423.91 '•;-.<•.:,- .':.-':.
47 ANNEX 11: UNCT -Joint Action Plan
Joint Action Plan
Community Based Recovery and Restoration of Social Services in Liberia (2006—2007)
Participating Agencies:
United Nations Development Programme-UNDP
United Nation Children Emergency Fund -UNICEF
World Food Programme -WFP
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees-UNHCR
UN UNHCR The«N DP FlofufliM AflOfic/
48 Joint Action Plan—Community Based Recoveiy and Restoration of Social Services in Liberia 2,,
CONTENTS
Page 1. Introduction 3 2. Objectives 3 3. Collaboration Framework 4 4. Guiding Principles 5 5. Duration 5 6. Scope 5 7. Field Collaboration 5 8. Implementing Partners and Service Providers 5 9. Joint Technical Team 6 10. Agency Commitment to Sectoral Collaborative Response 6 11. Programme Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation 7 12. Resource Mobilization 8
ACRONYMS 4Rs Repatriation, Reintegration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction ACC Agricultural Coordination Committee CBR Community Based Recovery DDC District Development Committee FJP Field Joint Plans HIC Humanitarian Information Centre JAcP Joint Action Plan JTT Joint Technical Team LRRRC Liberian Refugee Repatriation & Resettlement Commission RFTF Results Focused Transitional Framework UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNICEF United Nations Children's Emergency Fund WFP World Food Programme
49 1. Introduction
Coupled with the continued deployment of the United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL), the peaceful elections process augurs well for long-term stability and reconciliation in Liberia. As of end October 2005, an estimated 540,000 Liberian refugees and IDPs have left the camps and communities within Liberia and in neighboring countries where they sought refuge during nearly a decade and a half of conflict. This calls for a gradual of shift focus from emergency and humanitarian interventions to supporting the reintegration of all war affected populations at community level.
It is evident that needs of communities in basic services continue to increase as refugees, IDPs and the ex-combatants return to their places of origin. Resources need to be invested fn supporting their reintegration in the short term. Community-based projects will serve to rapidly support returning and existing communities while providing foundations for effective linkages to medium and longer-term rehabilitation and reconstruction programmes to be undertaken by development actors. Moreover, such programmes foster community ownership, participation and sustainability.
The current situation in Liberia provides a unique opportunity for United Nations, humanitarian and development agencies to work together in a concerted manner drawing lessons from past experiences in the region. The installation of a new government in January 2006 heralds an opportunity for collective action to lay the groundwork for national institutions to progressively take the lead in directing the recovery process.
Against this backdrop, UNDP, UNICEF, WFP and UNHCR (hereinafter referred to as Agencies) hereby undertake to collaborate in planning and implementation of programmes in Liberia within the framework of the Joint Action Plan for Community Based Recovery and Restoration of Social Services (hereinafter referred to as CBR-JAcP).
2. Objectives of CBR-JAcP
2.1 To develop a collective response to CBR that ensures sustainable solutions for rebuilding micro-economies and restoration of basic services.
2.2 To support the leadership and capacity building of the authorities at National, County and District level through their involvement in the planning process.
2.3 To establish a centralized information management system to support and facilitate needs assessment and gap analysis utilizing Humanitarian Information Center (HIC).
2.4 To establish linkages with medium to long terms programmes by the World Bank, UN agencies, NGOs and bilateral donors.
2.5 To engage in resource mobilization endeavors.
Annex 12 FAO - Terms of references International Consultant (Training) 50 Lead Capacity Building Facilitator
Duration: 3 months
Qualification: Work in the region, with experience on similar programmes on development of community based support systems for food security programmes. Experience in development of field schools or similar types of community based education and organizing. Justification for international expertise: Local expertise of sufficient expertise in training is lacking to take a major leading role in the project implementation. The expected consultant should be with experience from similar programmes.
Duties: Under the overall supervision of the FAO Representative and direct supervision of the Emergency Coordinator and close collaboration with national consultants, the consultant will;
• Assist in implementation of national inception workshop, preparation and implementation of training for county and district staff. • Assist in refresher training that will include evaluation sessions for the community level training, especially in terms of assessing the strengths and weaknesses of the dual character (i.e. emergency and rehabilitation) of the community activities. • Prepare mission reports with extensive documentation of processes and recommendations used.
National consultants
National field managers
Duration: 10 months Qualification: Experience in management of emergency or field programmes in agriculture sector with computer skills. Previous experience in non-government organization would be preferred. BS level degree in social, economic or agricultural field required.
Duties: Under the overall supervision of the FAO Representative and direct supervision of the Emergency Coordinator unit, the consultant will;
• Manage on a daily basis the implementation of the project including organization and implementation of the distribution and training programmes, liaison with national, county and district government on appropriate selection of local coordinators; • Monitor the progress of the project including budget and field activities; • Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the programme finding solutions to weak areas of implementation; • Assist in daily supervision of the field staff to ensure their work is carried out in a timely manner; • Liaise with emergency coordination unit on a daily basis; • Prepare quarterly progress reports on project implementation; • Prepare a final report of work undertaken.
Field technicians/extension workers
Duration: 10 months Qualification: Experience in agriculture extension with satisfactory knowledge fields of agriculture, gender, health, extension, emergency and other areas relevant to implementation of the project
Duties: Under the overall supervision of the Emergency Coordinator and direct supervision of the national field manager, the field technician will;
51 In collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture and NGOs identify and select project sites/beneficiaries; Assist in preparation of curriculum for training of county, district and farmers in areas specified for each training and at the discretion of the National Field Manager in consultation with other project staff. Conduct training of project beneficiaries, in collaboration with the National Consultant Prepare short report on recommendations and inputs.
52 Annex 13
Summary cost-analysis of Project Proposals Received for Bong County Title of Proposal/By | Location Proposed Outputs || Beneficiaries || Est. Cost Rehab. Farm to Gbonkonimah - Duuan - Side-brush 8 miles road Estimated 25,000 rural $10,080.47 Market Road Towns, Suakoko - Excavate drainages and patch pot dwellers in 8 towns and District holes several satellite villages (READCORP, Inc.) - Reconstruct 6 log bridges Rehab. Farm to Belleh - Bennie Towns, - Side brush 12 miles road Estimated 12,000 rural $6,368.38 Market Road Suakoko District - Excavate drainages and patch pot dwellers in 6 towns and holes satellite villages (READCORP, Inc.) - Reconstruct 3 log bridges Construction of Civil Compound, - Construct 10 water wells Approximately 16,000 $36,620.11 Watsan Facilites Rubber Factory, Frog - Provide and install 10 hand returnees in five Island, Chief pumps communities in Compound, Brooklyn - Construct 10 VIP latrines Gbarnga (READCORP, Inc.) Communities, - Conduct health and sanitation (Gbarnga), Jorquelleh workshop District Improve Sanitation Kortu and Barwar - Construct 3 water wells Not mentioned $13,714.65 and Water Quarters, Gbarnga, - Provide and install 3 hand pumps Development Jorquelleh District - Construct 3 VIP latrines - Conduct health and sanitation (LIRIP) workshop Watsan Intervention Bassa Community, - Construct 4 water wells Not mentioned $18,299.54 Cotton Tree/Plum - Provide and install 4 hand pumps Valley, - Construct 4 VIP latrines (LIRIP) Kokorya/Damenta - Conduct health and sanitation Road (Gbarnga) workshop Jorquelleh District
Title of Proposal/By Location Proposed Outputs Beneficiaries Est. Cost Renovation of W.V. Gbonkonimah, - Repair roof and ceilings About 500 students $7,083.26 S. Tubman School Suakoko District - Replace doors, locks and windows (LIRIP) - Patching of bullet holes and cracks - Paint entire building Renovation of N. V. Gbarnga, Jorquelleh - Repair roof and ceilings About 600 students $12,888.49 Massaquoi School District - Replace doors, locks and windows (LIRIP) - Patching of bullet holes and cracks - Paint entire building Renovation of Gbarnga, Jorquelleh - Repair roof and ceilings About 650 students $18,493.38 Dorothy Cooper District - Replace doors, locks and Public School windows - Patch bullet holes and cracks - screed floor, replace black boards - Paint entire building (Concern Technical - rehabilitate well/install hand Group) pump Renovation of Gb'arnga, Jorquelleh - Repair roof and ceilings Not mentioned $16,043.44 Gbamga General District - Replace door frames, doors & Market locks - Patch bullet holes and cracks - Paint entire building - Construct well/install hand pump (Concern Technical - Construct VIP latrine Group)
Title of Proposal/By Location Proposed Outputs Beneficiaries Est. Cost Community Water Gbalenay, Lelekpayea - Construct 3 water wells 8,000 returnees, $11,166.70 and Sanitation and Sugar Hill Quarters - Provide and install 3 hand pumps demobilized Facilities (Gbamga), Jorquelleh - Construct 2 four-compartment combatants and host District latrines community residents (Concern Technical - Conduct health and sanitation Group) workshop Renovation of Gbokonimah, Suakoko - Replace entire roof Approximately 4,000 $6,394.70 Gbokonimah Market District - Screed floor rural farmers from 8 - Paint building villages (Concern Technical - Rehabilitate water well Group) John F. Bakalu Gbarnga, Jorquelleh - Production of 450 pieces of Not stated $10,757.50 School Furniture - District armchairs (LIRDO) Renovation of Phebe Phebe Compound, - Replace entire roof and ceiling About 750 students $10,838.75 Community School Suakoko District - Replace all doors and frames, and locks (LIRDO) - Patch bullet holes and cracks - Replace blackboards and paint building Renovation of Gbarnga, Jorquelleh - Replace entire roof and ceiling 6,000 returnees $11,991.31 Jorkpenmue District - Replace all doors and frames, and Community Clinic locks - Patch bullet holes and cracks - Replace window frames with (LIRDO) glasses and paint building
Construction of Gbarnga, Bong County - Construct new school building 6,000 returnees $26,369.25 Jorkpenmue Community School Total $228,276.63
54