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The Lhasa Jokhang – Is the World's Oldest Timber Frame Building in Tibet? André Alexander*
The Lhasa Jokhang – is the world's oldest timber frame building in Tibet? * André Alexander Abstract In questo articolo sono presentati i risultati di un’indagine condotta sul più antico tempio buddista del Tibet, il Lhasa Jokhang, fondato nel 639 (circa). L’edificio, nonostante l’iscrizione nella World Heritage List dell’UNESCO, ha subito diversi abusi a causa dei rifacimenti urbanistici degli ultimi anni. The Buddhist temple known to the Tibetans today as Lhasa Tsuklakhang, to the Chinese as Dajiao-si and to the English-speaking world as the Lhasa Jokhang, represents a key element in Tibetan history. Its foundation falls in the dynamic period of the first half of the seventh century AD that saw the consolidation of the Tibetan empire and the earliest documented formation of Tibetan culture and society, as expressed through the introduction of Buddhism, the creation of written script based on Indian scripts and the establishment of a law code. In the Tibetan cultural and religious tradition, the Jokhang temple's importance has been continuously celebrated soon after its foundation. The temple also gave name and raison d'etre to the city of Lhasa (“place of the Gods") The paper attempts to show that the seventh century core of the Lhasa Jokhang has survived virtually unaltered for 13 centuries. Furthermore, this core building assumes highly significant importance for the fact that it represents authentic pan-Indian temple construction technologies that have survived in Indian cultural regions only as archaeological remains or rock-carved copies. 1. Introduction – context of the archaeological research The research presented in this paper has been made possible under a cooperation between the Lhasa City Cultural Relics Bureau and the German NGO, Tibet Heritage Fund (THF). -
5 Pema Mandala Fall 06 11/21/06 12:02 PM Page 1
5 Pema Mandala Fall 06 11/21/06 12:02 PM Page 1 Fall/Winter 2006 5 Pema Mandala Fall 06 11/21/06 12:03 PM Page 2 Volume 5, Fall/Winter 2006 features A Publication of 3 Letter from the Venerable Khenpos Padmasambhava Buddhist Center Nyingma Lineage of Tibetan Buddhism 4 New Home for Ancient Treasures A long-awaited reliquary stupa is now at home at Founding Directors Ven. Khenchen Palden Sherab Rinpoche Padma Samye Ling, with precious relics inside. Ven. Khenpo Tsewang Dongyal Rinpoche 8 Starting to Practice Dream Yoga Rita Frizzell, Editor/Art Director Ani Lorraine, Contributing Editor More than merely resting, we can use the time we Beth Gongde, Copy Editor spend sleeping to truly benefit ourselves and others. Ann Helm, Teachings Editor Michael Nott, Advertising Director 13 Found in Translation Debra Jean Lambert, Administrative Assistant A student relates how she first met the Khenpos and Pema Mandala Office her experience translating Khenchen’s teachings on For subscriptions, change of address or Mipham Rinpoche. editorial submissions, please contact: Pema Mandala Magazine 1716A Linden Avenue 15 Ten Aspirations of a Bodhisattva Nashville, TN 37212 Translated for the 2006 Dzogchen Intensive. (615) 463-2374 • [email protected] 16 PBC Schedule for Fall 2006 / Winter 2007 Pema Mandala welcomes all contributions submitted for consideration. All accepted submissions will be edited appropriately 18 Namo Buddhaya, Namo Dharmaya, for publication in a magazine represent- Nama Sanghaya ing the Padmasambhava Buddhist Center. Please send submissions to the above A student reflects on a photograph and finds that it address. The deadline for the next issue is evokes more symbols than meet the eye. -
An Examination of the Concept of Reincarnation in African Philosophy
AN EXAMINATION OF THE CONCEPT OF REINCARNATION IN AFRICAN PHILOSOPHY by HASSKEI MOHAMMED MAJEED submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF LITERATURE AND PHILOSOPHY in the subject PHILOSOPHY at the UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA SUPERVISOR: PROF. M. B. RAMOSE JANUARY 2012 CONTENTS Declaration vi Acknowledgement vii Key Terms viii Summary ix INTRODUCTION x Problem Statement x Methodology xi Structure of the Dissertation xii PART ONE 1 Belief in Reincarnation in some Ancient Cultures 1 CHAPTER ONE: EGYPTIAN BELIEF 2 1.1 Immortality and Reincarnation 7 1.2 Egypt and Africa 12 1.3 On the Meaning of Africa 17 CHAPTER TWO: GREEK BELIEF 19 CHAPTER THREE: INDIAN BELIEF 25 ii CHAPTER FOUR: CHINESE BELIEF 36 CHAPTER FIVE: INCA BELIEF 40 Conclusion for Part One 49 PART TWO 52 Personal Identity: A Prelude to Reincarnation 52 CHAPTER SIX: PERSONAL IDENTITY 52 6.0.0 On What Does Personal Identity Depend? 52 6.1.0 The Ontological Question in African Philosophy of Mind 55 6.1.1. Mind as a Disembodied Self-knowing Entity 56 6.1.2. Some Criticisms 64 6.1.2.1 Mind has no Akan Equivalent 65 6.1.2.2 Mind is Meaningless, Nonsensical, and Nonexistent 86 6.1.2.3 Mind is Bodily 96 6.1.2.3.1 Mind Signifies Mental or Brain Processes Identifiable with the Body 96 6.1.2.3.2 Bodily Identity as either a Fundament or Consequent 97 (a) Body as a Fundament 97 (b) Body as Consequent 106 6.1.2.4 Mind is neither Body-dependent nor a Disembodied Entity 107 6.1.3 Synthesis: Materialism, Physicalism, and Quasi-physicalism 111 6.2.0 The Normative Question in African Philosophy of Mind 121 6.3.0 Persistence (Survival) 123 iii PART THREE 128 Reincarnation in African Philosophy 128 CHAPTER SEVEN: THE DOCTRINE OF REINCARNATION IN AFRICAN THOUGHT 128 7. -
Escape to Lhasa Strategic Partner
4 Nights Incentive Programme Escape to Lhasa Strategic Partner Country Name Lhasa, the heart and soul of Tibet, is a city of wonders. The visits to different sites in Lhasa would be an overwhelming experience. Potala Palace has been the focus of the travelers for centuries. It is the cardinal landmark and a structure of massive proportion. Similarly, Norbulingka is the summer palace of His Holiness Dalai Lama. Drepung Monastery is one of the world’s largest and most intact monasteries, Jokhang temple the heart of Tibet and Barkhor Market is the place to get the necessary resources for locals as well as souvenirs for tourists. At the end of this trip we visit the Samye Monastery, a place without which no journey to Tibet is complete. StrategicCountryPartner Name Day 1 Arrive in Lhasa Country Name Day 1 o Morning After a warm welcome at Gonggar Airport (3570m) in Lhasa, transfer to the hotel. Distance (Airport to Lhasa): 62kms/ 32 miles Drive Time: 1 hour approx. Altitude: 3,490 m/ 11,450 ft. o Leisure for acclimatization Lhasa is a city of wonders that contains many culturally significant Tibetan Buddhist religious sites and lies in a valley next to the Lhasa River. StrategicCountryPartner Name Day 2 In Lhasa Country Name Day 2 o Morning: Set out to visit Sera and Drepung Monasteries Founded in 1419, Sera Monastery is one of the “great three” Gelukpa university monasteries in Tibet. 5km north of Lhasa, the Sera Monastery’s setting is one of the prettiest in Lhasa. The Drepung Monastery houses many cultural relics, making it more beautiful and giving it more historical significance. -
YEAR 6/2019 KAGYU SAMYE LING: Meditation
YEAR 6/2019 KAGYU SAMYE LING: meditation & yoga retreat – with cat & phil Eskdalemuir, Dumfriesshire, Scotland Kagyu Samye Ling - tibetan buddhist centre/kagyu tradition Thursday, 8th – Sunday, 11th August 2019 Cost: £350 tuition (includes donation to Kagyu Samye Ling) This is an additional way we have chosen to support the monastery & their ongoing charitable work. Accommodation to be booked directly with Samye Ling. Deposit: £200 to hold a space – (FULL CAPACITY – PREVIOUS YEARS) Balance due: 8th June (two months prior) – NO REFUNDS AFTER THIS DATE Payment methods: cash/cheque/bank transfer Cheques made out to: Catherine Alip-Douglas Bank transfer to: TSB – Bayswater Branch, 30-32 Westbourne Grove sort code: 309059, account number:14231860, Swift/BIC code: IBAN:GB49TSBS30905914231860 BIC: TSBSGB2AXXX The Retreat: 3 nights/4 days includes a tour of samye ling, daily yoga sessions (2- 2.5hours), lectures, meditation practice with Samye Ling’s sangha, a film screening of “AKONG” based on Akong Rinpoche, one of the founders of KSL and informal gatherings in an environment conducive to a proper ‘retreat’. As always, this retreat is also part of the Sangyé Yoga School's 2019 TT. There will be time for walks in the beautiful surroundings and reading books from their well-stocked and newly expanded gift shop. NOT INCLUDED: accommodation (many options depending on your budget) & travel. Kagyu Samye Ling provides the perfect environment to reconnect with nature, go deeper in your meditation practice, learn about the foundations of Tibetan Buddhism and the Kagyu lineage. It is a simple retreat for students who want to get to the heart of a practice and spend more time than usual in meditation sessions. -
Living a Mindful Life: an Hermeneutic Phenomenological Inquiry Into the Lived Experience of Secular Mindfulness, Compassion and Insight
LIVING A MINDFUL LIFE: AN HERMENEUTIC PHENOMENOLOGICAL INQUIRY INTO THE LIVED EXPERIENCE OF SECULAR MINDFULNESS, COMPASSION AND INSIGHT _______________________________________________________________ A thesis presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Aberdeen Jane Kellock Arnold MA (hons) in Philosophy and Psychology, University of Edinburgh (1985); MSW in Social Work, University of Edinburgh (1996) 1 DECLARATION I have composed this thesis myself. It is the record of my own work and it has not been presented to this or any other university in support of an application for any degree or professional qualification other than that of which I am now a candidate. Any personal data have been processed in accordance with the provision of the Data Protection Act (1998); all quotations have been distinguished by quotation marks and sources of information and help specifically acknowledged. Signed: ...................................................................... Jane Kellock Arnold Uphall, West Lothian, April 2018 2 ABSTRACT This research study explores the experience and effects of long-term practice by six student practitioners of secular mindfulness, compassion and insight forming the Mindfulness-Based Living model incorporated into the MSc in Mindfulness Studies at the University of Aberdeen. A review of existing literature on the topic of mindfulness highlights that research is predominantly postpositivist and quantitative in approach, only recently incorporating limited qualitative studies, and is focused chiefly on mindfulness as a treatment for a range of mental and physical disorders. However, the nature of mindfulness particularly when practised in conjunction with compassion and insight suggests that it is a more intense, complex, nuanced and pervasive experience than is reflected in the literature. -
AN Introduction to MUSIC to DELIGHT ALL the SAGES, the MEDICAL HISTORY of DRAKKAR TASO TRULKU CHOKYI WANGCRUK (1775-1837)’
I AN iNTRODUCTION TO MUSIC TO DELIGHT ALL THE SAGES, THE MEDICAL HISTORY OF DRAKKAR TASO TRULKU CHOKYI WANGCRUK (1775-1837)’ STACEY VAN VLEET, Columbia University On the auspicious occasion of theft 50th anniversary celebration, the Dharamsala Men-tsee-khang published a previously unavailable manuscript entitled A Briefly Stated framework ofInstructions for the Glorious field of Medicine: Music to Delight All the Sages.2 Part of the genre associated with polemics on the origin and development of medicine (khog ‘bubs or khog ‘bugs), this text — hereafter referred to as Music to Delight All the Sages — was written between 1816-17 in Kyirong by Drakkar Taso Truilcu Chokyi Wangchuk (1775-1837). Since available medical history texts are rare, this one represents a new source of great interest documenting the dynamism of Tibetan medicine between the 1 $th and early 19th centuries, a lesser-known period in the history of medicine in Tibet. Music to Delight All the Sages presents a historical argument concerned with reconciling the author’s various received medical lineages and traditions. Some 1 This article is drawn from a more extensive treatment of this and related W” and 1 9th century medical histories in my forthcoming Ph.D. dissertation. I would like to express my deep gratitude to Tashi Tsering of the Amnye Machen Institute for sharing a copy of the handwritten manuscript of Music to Delight All the Sages with me and for his encouragement and assistance of this work over its duration. This publication was made possible by support from the Social Science Research Council’s International Dissertation Research Fellowship, with funds provided by the Andrew W. -
An Adventure in Tibet 18 April to May 2 , 2015
TIBETAN VILLAGE PROJECT AUSTRALIA INC. ABN: 98 504 209 907 PO BOX 417 BLACK ROCK VICTORIA, 3193 AUSTRALIA www.tvpaustralia.org.au An Adventure in Tibet 18 th April to May 2 nd , 2015. This itinerary is correct at the time of publishing, however, there are some situations that may change and we cannot guarantee that the itinerary as set out below. What we do promise, is an adventure that you will not forget. We do have a “Plan B” in case we cannot get to Lhasa, however, we work on the premise that we will get our permits for Lhasa. You will be meeting some lovely people, you will be made welcome in people’s homes and you will be travelling to remote places where few westerners have seen before. Saturday 18 th , April Arrive in Chengdu . You will be met by Don, the group leader, and transferred to the Traffic Inn which is our accommodation in Chengdu. Sunday 19 th , April After breakfast, we will visit the world famous Giant Panda Breeding Centre in Chengdu. The pandas are most active in the morning so you will have plenty of photo opportunities!! In the afternoon you may like to rest at the hotel or do a couple of hours of supply shopping. The hostel at the back of the Traffic Hotel has a small internet café if you wish to catch up 1 on some emails. We will have our trip orientation and welcome dinner tonight at a well-known Tibetan restaurant. Monday 20 th , April Today we fly from Chengdu to Kangding (flight is approximately 2 hrs duration) and then drive to Tagong . -
History of the Ngakpa Tradition
History of the Ngakpa Tradition The first Ngakpa centre The Ngakpa Community is was a branch of Samye originally called college and was called the 'Go kar Chang lo’ De Ngakpa 'Dud dul Ling'. which literally means There, people were 'The community with white trained in the subjects of dress and long hair' or more Literature,Translation, simply 'The group of white Sangha'. Astrology, Meteorology and especially Vajrayana studies and practice. Copyright © Ngak-Mang International 2006 History of the Ngakpa Tradition Tibetan regions and plateau Ngakpa dud dul ling In the 9th Century, Tri Ralpa Chan(866-?), the 3rd Tibetan Dharma King, became involved in the Ngakpa Tradition. Through his dedication and support the Ngakpa Tradition grew all over Tibet. Copyright © Ngak-Mang International 2006 Ngakpas in Different Schools Renouncing Ngakpa Tibetan Buddhism is divided into Kagyu school Naljorpa, 5 schools and each of them has Naljorma,Togtenpa. their own way of Ngakpas. Special Ngakpas Chod school Ngakpa, Chodpa. Family lineage Ngakpas Tibetan Indigenous Ngakpa Sakya school Ngakpa, Gongma. Bonpo school Ngakpa, Dransong. Monastic Ngakpas Most prevalent Ngakpa Gelug school Ngakpa, naljorpa, Nyingma school Ngakpa, Ngakmo, Kyimngak, Ge-nyen. Sumdan Dorje zinpa. Drongngak. Tertons and Rigzin. Copyright © Ngak-Mang International 2006 Women’s Equality Tibetan women are recognized as one of the largest contributors to the Ngakpa tradition. Ngakmo (yogini) such as Yeshe Tsogyal(777-837 A.D), Machin Labdron(1103-1201), Sera Khadroma(1899-1952) Chusep Jetsun(?-1951) Tare Lhamo(1938-2002) were highly respected practitioners and were an inspiration to First Tibetan Ngakmo- many Tibetan women. Yeshe Tsogyel Copyright © Ngak-Mang International 2006 Ngak-Mang Institute NMI was founded in 1999, in Xining, Qinghai, Amdo. -
Getting to Know the Four Schools of Tibetan Buddhism
THE FOUR ORDERS: BOOK EXCERPT Getting to know the Four Schools of Tibetan Buddhism hundreds ofyears that the four main been codified by Tibetan intellectual historians, who categorize Buddha's teachings in terms of three distinct of Tibetan Buddhism — Nyingma, vehicles — the Lesser Vehicle (Hinayana), the Great Vehicle akya, and Gelug — have evolved out of (Mahayana), and the Vajra Vehicle (Vajrayana) — each of which was intended to appeal to the spiritual capacities of their common roots in India, a wide array of particular groups. divergent practices, beliefs, and rituals have • Hinayana was presented to people intent on personal salvation in which one transcends come into being. However, there are signifi- suffering and is liberated from cyclic existence. • The audience of Mahayana teachings included cant underlying commonalities between the trainees with the capacity to feel compassion for different traditions, such as the importance the sufferings of others who wished to seek awakening in order to help sentient beings over- of overcoming attachment to the phenomena come their sufferings. of cyclic existence, and the idea that it is • Vajrayana practitioners had a strong interest in the welfare of others, coupled with determination necessary for trainees to develop an attitude to attain awakening as quickly as possible, and the spiritual capacity to pursue the difficult practices of sincere renunciation. John Powers' fasci- of tantra. nating and comprehensive book, Introduction Indian Buddhism is also commonly divided by scholars of the four Tibetan orders into four main schools of tenets to Buddhism, re-issued by Snow Lion in — Great Exposition School, Sutra School, Mind Only School, September 2007, contains a lucid explanation and Middle Way School. -
MINDFUL HEROES Stories of Journeys That Changed Lives
MINDFUL HEROES stories of journeys that changed lives Edited by Terry Barrett, Vin Harris and Graeme Nixon Everyone loves a good story. This book tells the stories of a constellation of Mindful Heroes: ordinary people just like us, who followed the path of mindfulness and went on an inner journey that would change their world. They engaged with an in-depth study and courageous exploration of mindfulness practice. Having experienced for themselves the benefits of mindful awareness, compassion and insight, they then wanted to give others the opportunity to discover their own potential. These 26 Mindful Heroes from 10 countries creatively applied mindfulness to a variety of settingsacross Education, Health, Business, Sport, Creative Artsand Community work. Now they share the moving stories of their personal and professional journeys of transformation with you. "As the old saying goes, 'It is not what happens on the cushion, it is what we take out into the world.' Mindful Heroes exemplifies this notion, exploring the lives of those who have not only experienced the personal benefits of meditation, but those who have gone on to make it their passion and purpose in life, planting the seeds of awareness and compassion for the benefit of us all." Andy Puddicombe author of The Headspace Guide to Mindfulness & Meditation: 10 minutes can make the difference. Co-Founder http://www.headspace.com "This is a wonderful book. It reminds us that we are all heroes, due to the power of our own minds. The living examples presented in these pages help to make the mindful path accessible and relatable. -
Sakya Chronicles 2016-2017 Remembering His Holiness Jigdal Dagchen Dorje Chang (1929-2016) Welcome to Sakya Chronicles Dear Friends
Sakya Chronicles 2016-2017 Remembering His Holiness Jigdal Dagchen Dorje Chang (1929-2016) Welcome to Sakya Chronicles Dear Friends, Th is issue of the Sakya Chronicles is dedicated to the memory of our beloved Head Lama, His Holiness Jigdal Dagchen Dorje Chang, who tirelessly devoted himself to the preservation and sharing of the profound Buddha Dharma for all sentient beings. His life and parinirvana manifested the glory of fi lling divine space with infi nite compassion -- footsteps for us to follow... Yours in the Dharma, Adrienne Chan Executive Co-Director Sakya Monastery of Tibetan Buddhism 108 NW 83rd St., Seattle, WA 98117 206-789-2573, [email protected], www.sakya.org Table of Contents Khadro Sudhog Ceremony for H.H. Jigdal Dagchen Rinpoche .................................................................................................3 His Holiness Jigdal Dagchen Sakya Enters Parinirvana ...............................................................................................................4 A Great Leader Passes on in Seattle ................................................................................................................................................6 Parinirvana of His Holiness .............................................................................................................................................................9 Cremation in India ........................................................................................................................................................................