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Gardens City
l7 ~vt:::.J fi"2?J#) IhtJe<.. Pbrr-J::... ~lHfilJc.::::... /.j:.-rrr~Mv4cJc. .'6./9~? fSoCo ~ ~,~c,t"'"A ~~E.E~•.':' j:ji~ <.:.: ~.~ft:{!:",'"it..~Q,"~",~ &1>';~fJC;~t_ ~.~c1!;}'1 jX~)J;.~1r' JE:I::"-;::",~',.; -I.,.~':.. --"",.'P~-<!'~'" ""t'~~~~;:.::---s.:; j The Viorshipful Company of Gardeners '-:Ie-- THE CITY THEI petitionGuildwasexisteepresenteeas a toFraternitythe :'layo:'in b~:the" ve2.:'Tile 134:,G2.rdenerswhen 0:a the Earls Barons Clerks and Citizens 0; Londor, " to .. suner and maintain that the said Gardei1ers ma\' stand ir. peace in the same place where they have been wont in times or aid ; in fron: or the GARDENS Church of SLAustin at the side of tile east gate o:S:, Pau~'s Church· yard." The Guild was incorporated in the reign 0: King James L as" The l\Iaster \Vardens Assistanls and Common2.it': of the Com· pany of Gardeners 0: London," Its pri\'ileges ha\'e becll furthe: secured by Royal Charters in the reigns of James I, Chalks] and Edward VII, In 17~~ Thomas Fairchild, a ",dl-known Prepared by Gardener of his time, and six other Liverymen or the Company, claimed to votc in Common Hall. In his mcmory, and according J. W. WHITLOCK, J.P., M.A. to the terms of his \"'ill, the annual Fairchild Lecture i~ still MABTER OF THE WORSHIPFUL COMPANY OF GARDENERS delivered under the Company's auspices in the Church of SI. Leonard, Shoreditch, on the Wednesday in Whit week (preceding the Election Courf;. On 29th Jum:, 163':, Sir Edward Littleton, Recorder, by direction of Sir Nichoias Rainton, Lord J\iayor, issued a v.:arrant for the apDrehension of am' persons using the 1I trade of Gardening il; contempt of the. -
The Beginning, Flourishing and Decline of the Inns of Court: the Consolidation of the English Legal Profession After 1400
Vanderbilt Law Review Volume 10 Issue 1 Issue 1 - December 1956 Article 3 12-1956 The Beginning, Flourishing and Decline of the Inns of Court: The Consolidation of the English Legal Profession after 1400 Anton Hermann Chroust Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.vanderbilt.edu/vlr Part of the Legal Profession Commons Recommended Citation Anton Hermann Chroust, The Beginning, Flourishing and Decline of the Inns of Court: The Consolidation of the English Legal Profession after 1400, 10 Vanderbilt Law Review 79 (1956) Available at: https://scholarship.law.vanderbilt.edu/vlr/vol10/iss1/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Vanderbilt Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Vanderbilt Law Review by an authorized editor of Scholarship@Vanderbilt Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE BEGINNING, FLOURISHING AND DECLINE OF THE INNS OF COURT: THE CONSOLIDATION OF THE ENGLISH LEGAL PROFESSION AFTER 1400 ANTON-HERMANN CHROUST* Wherever the common law is studied and practiced [the Inns of Court] must be regarded as the original fountainhead of the law, toward which the true lawyer must feel as a Jew does toward Jerusalem and a Mus- sulman towards Mecca. The four Inns of Court-Lincoln's Inn, Gray's Inn, the Middle Tem- ple and the Inner Temple-may well be called one single legal univer- sity composed of four relatively independent colleges. In their long and illustrious history these Inns have discharged important func- tions in the domains of legal education and professional discipline. As the depository of splendid professional traditions which date back to the Middle Ages, they were for a long time the guardian as well as the gateway to the higher English Bar. -
London's Poverty Profile
London’s Poverty Profile Tom MacInnes and Peter Kenway London’s Poverty Profile Tom MacInnes and Peter Kenway www.londonspovertyprofile.org.uk A summary of this report can be downloaded in PDF format from www.londonspovertyprofile.org.uk We are happy for the free use of material from this report for non-commercial purposes provided City Parochial Foundation and New Policy Institute are acknowledged. © New Policy Institute, 2009 ISBN 1 901373 40 1 Contents 5 Foreword Acknowledgements 6 7 Introduction and summary 11 Chapter one: An overview of London London’s boroughs: ‘cities’ in their own right 11 The changing populations of Inner and Outer London 12 London’s diverse population 12 London’s age structure 15 London’s ‘sub-regions’ 16 At London’s margins 17 19 Chapter two: Income poverty Key points 19 Context 20 Headline poverty statistics, ‘before’ and ‘after’ housing costs 21 Before or after housing costs? 22 Poverty in London compared with other English regions 23 Poverty in Inner and Outer London 26 In-work poverty 27 29 Chapter three: Receiving non-work benefits Key points 29 Context 30 Working-age adults receiving out-of-work benefits 30 Children and pensioners in households receiving benefits 34 37 Chapter four: Income and pay inequality Key points 37 Context 38 Income inequality in London compared with other English regions 39 Inequalities within London boroughs 40 43 Chapter five:Work and worklessness Key points 43 Context 44 Working-age adults lacking work 45 Children in workless households 48 Lone parent employment rates 49 The -
Historic Character Map of Holborn, London
HOLBORN: Walking Tour HOLBORN: This short 1km tour investigates the inherited character of an area of Holborn in London. It highlights elements, both new and old, that help create a special sense of place. Explore the streets, buildings and spaces to understand the story of how and why the area’s character has developed the way it has. In turn, you can look to the area's future, considering how modern developments are responding to their historic surroundings. The different approaches that have taken is useful for thinking about issues of design in context, planning and regeneration. You can navigate the tour by following the map and the key points along it. Short descriptions with images are provided for each. Please note Gray’s Inn Court is a private space and parts have restricted opening hours. INTRODUCTION Holborn is an intriguing and ancient place, called home by some of London’s most famous residents, including the author Charles Dickens. Some of the earliest evidence for human activity in the city was found here, in 1679, when a 350,000 year old hand axe was discovered on Gray’s Inn Road. It’s along this street, at the junction of Baldwin’s Gardens that the tour begins. A NOTE ABOUT SAFETY! The tour follows a number of busy streets in Holborn, and special care should be taken when crossing them. Many view points along the tour are taken from the carriageways themselves and each point does not necessarily present a safe place to stop. As such, find a safe place to pause before continuing with the tour. -
Centenary Assembly 1948
CENTENARY ASSEMBLY 1948 EXHIBITION CATALOGUE A EXHIBITION CATALOGUE INSTITUTE OF ACTUARIES 184.8-1948 EXHIBITION ILLUSTRATING THE HISTORY OF ACTUARIAL SCIENCE IN GREAT BRITAIN WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE INSTITUTE OF ACTUARIES CATALOGUE INSTITUTE OF ACTUARIES CENTENARY ASSEMBLY, 21st—25th JUNE, 1948 The Exhibition will be held in the Museum and the Council Chamber on the first floor of the Hall of the Chartered Insurance Institute, 20 Aldermanbury, London, E.C.2, and will be open at the following times:— Tuesday, 22nd June, 1948 2 p.m. to 5 p.m. Wednesday, 23rd June, 1948 9.30 a.m. to 12.30 p.m. Thursday, 24th June, 1948 9.30 a.m. to 12.30 p.m. and 2.30 p.m. to 4.30 p.m. Friday, 25th June, 1948 9.30 a.m. to 12.30 p.m. FOREWORD THE EXHIBITION has been arranged in the belief that those present at the Centenary Assembly of the Institute of Actuaries would be interested to have in one view exhibits illustrating the various strands that together make the Institute what she is. The exhibition is not complete : within the available space we can only illustrate the story of the past, but we trust that the exhibition, and this catalogue of it, may serve as some guide to any who may wish to read that story. The exhibition relates primarily to the Institute of Actuaries. An important part of the field is represented by the sister body, the Faculty of Actuaries, which was formed in Edinburgh in 1856. We take this opportunity to thank all those who have lent exhibits, especially Mr. -
1 Jewish Built Heritage in Whitechapel Sharman
Jewish Built Heritage in Whitechapel Sharman Kadish In 1881 the assassination of the ‘Tsar Liberator’ (of the serfs) Alexander II unleashed waves of violent pogroms against Russia’s Jewish subjects. This dramatic event was the catalyst for the largest ever influx into Britain of Jewish refugees. Immigration had built up steadily throughout the nineteenth century owing both to persecution and economic hardship in Tsarist Russia and other parts of eastern Europe.1 The estimated 100,000 refugees who made it to Britain between 1881 and 1914 formed only a small part of a westward migration of over two million Jews of whom about three-quarters went to America. In the wider context, these Jews were joining a mass migration, at the time unprecedented in scale, from all over Europe, that embraced not only eastern Europeans but many other nationalities including Germans, Italians and the Irish. The majority of the Jews who arrived in Britain hailed from the gigantic ghetto known as the Pale of Settlement, first instituted by Catherine the Great following the Partitions of Poland at the end of the eighteenth century. The Pale extended along the expanded western borders of the Russian Empire from the Baltic to the Black Sea: it comprised ten provinces of eastern (‘Congress’) Poland including the capital Warsaw, as well as neighbouring Lithuania, Belarus, and much of Ukraine to the south. The only Census held in Russia under the Tsars in 1897 identified over five million Jews in the Russian Empire, at that time the largest Jewish community in the world. Jews accounted for about four percent of the population of Russia and over half of world Jewry at that time. -
Jia 77 (1951) 0157-0158
157 CORRESPONDENCE (To the Editors of the Journal of the Institute of Actuaries) DEAR SIRS, Nathaniel Hawthorne and Staple Inn A reference in a recent leading article in The Times has led me to search out some remarks made about Staple Inn by the American writer Nathaniel Haw- thorne. They occur in Passagesfrom the English Note-Books of Nathaniel Haw- thorne, published posthumously in London in two volumes in 1870. There is a passing allusion to Hawthorne’s remarks in Archibald Day’s well-known Presidential Address (J.I.A. XXVII,28), but it is thought that they will be new to most members of the Institute and that it may be of interest to record them in the Journal. It is a coincidence that 1870 was also the year of publication of Dickens’s posthumous Mystery of Edwin Drood in which occurs the description of Staple Inn (also quoted in Day’s Address) that has become familiar to members on account of its being reproduced in the Institute Year Book. Hawthorne lived from 1804 to 1864, and is probably best known in this country as the author of the children’s book Tanglewood Tales. He was United States Consul in Liverpool from 1853 to 1857, and it was during this period that the EnglishNote-Books were written. (There have also been published American and Italian Note-Books.) They are in diary form and it seems that they were not originally intended for publication. There are two references to Staple Inn; they are to be found (in the 1870 edition) in Vol. -
The Smithfield Gazette
THE SMITHFIELD GAZETTE EDITION 154 October 2015 TIME FOR CHANGE Researchers have uncovered a move by the Policy and Resources Committee to overturn the compromise agreement reached between the tenants of Smithfield Market and the City of London in the Chancery Division of the High Court of Justice on 5 March 2013 whereby the tenants accepted new leases with exclusive service charges while the City accepted responsibility for historic repairs, particularly to the Poultry Market, including the replacement of the roof. The Projects Sub Committee of the Policy and Resources Committee, chaired by Sir Michael Snyder, earlier this year voted to contest the decision to repair the Poultry Market, which resulted in Markets Committee deciding to halt all work on the project while other avenues were explored, including de-listing and demolishing the building. The ex-Chairman of Policy, Deputy for Cordwainer Ward, campaigned for his colleague Mark Boleat to become Chairman of Policy and a third member of the Ward has also been Chief Commoner even though the Ward of Cordwainer is one of the smallest Wards in the City. Cordwainer Ward has only 288 electors but that is actually irrelevant as there has not been a contested election in the Ward for the last twenty years. The current membership of the Court of Common Council includes many new and younger members and they should be concerned at the lack of democratic accountability in the City of London. The SMTA has declared its intention to campaign to make the City more democratically accountable by increasing the voter base. This alone will not solve the problem – it will also need more people to be willing to stand for election and ensure that no election in future is uncontested. -
Arthur Morrison, the 'Jago', and the Realist
ARTHUR MORRISON, THE ‘JAGO’, AND THE REALIST REPRESENTATION OF PLACE Submitted in Fulfillment for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy UCL Department of English Language and Literature Eliza Cubitt 2015 ABSTRACT In vitriolic exchanges with the critic H.D. Traill, Arthur Morrison (1863-1945) argued that the term ‘realist’ was impossible to define and must be innately subjective. Traill asserted that Morrison’s A Child of the Jago (1896) was a failure of realism, conjuring a place that ‘never did and never could exist.’ And yet, by 1900, the East End slum fictionalised in Morrison’s novel had been supplanted by the realist mythology of his account: ‘Jago’ had become, and remains, an accepted term to describe the real historical slum, the Nichol. This thesis examines Morrison’s contribution to the late-Victorian realist representation of the urban place. It responds to recent renewed interest about realism in literary studies, and to revived debates surrounding marginal writers of urban literature. Opening with a biographical study, I investigate Morrison’s fraught but intimate lifelong relationship with the East End. Morrison’s unadorned prose represents the late-Victorian East End as a site of absolute ordinariness rather than absolute poverty. Eschewing the views of outsiders, Morrison re- placed the East End. Since the formation of The Arthur Morrison Society in 2007, Morrison has increasingly been the subject of critical examination. Studies have so frequently focused on evaluating the reality behind Morrison’s fiction that his significance to late-nineteenth century “New Realism” and the debates surrounding it has been overlooked. This thesis redresses this gap, and states that Morrison’s work signifies an artistic and temporal boundary of realism. -
Secret London - an Unusual Guide Pdf, Epub, Ebook
SECRET LONDON - AN UNUSUAL GUIDE PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Rachel Howard,Bill Nash | 384 pages | 15 Feb 2017 | Jonglez | 9782361951108 | English | Paris, France Secret London - An Unusual Guide PDF Book Remember me? My Name Is Why. Explore a lesser-known side of the capital and spend a day losing yourself in hidden gardens , having a drink in a disguised bar , and revisiting forgotten locations. See details. Not registered? An obsession with the city's corners is the foundation for his contribution to this book. One of the most frequent comments I get on the walks is that people never realised there could be so much to see. Some bits of London never change. What's more he's there to mark what was long believed to be the City's highest point! Seriously, we're not taking the piss. Available in shop from just two hours, subject to availability. City of London. Ann Cleeves. It will also give you some background information on the place you are visiting. Like us on Facebook. Whatever happened to Bedlam? Start your review of Secret London - an Unusual Guide. The book finishes off with a list of 35 unusual bars, cafes and restaurants. With that said, the edition is gorgeous - great graphic design, beautiful glossy photographs, satisfyingly thick paper. This book is fantastic - there's many different places to choose from - museums, sights, gardens London Suburbs. Stay connected on social networks. It's a joy to thumb through, just not to lug around. Want to Read saving…. Details if other :. Martin Rundkvist rated it liked it Apr 01, Sign in to Purchase Instantly. -
The Theatrical Career of John E. Owens (1823-1886)
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1982 The Theatrical Career of John E. Owens (1823-1886). Thomas Arthur Bogar Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Bogar, Thomas Arthur, "The Theatrical Career of John E. Owens (1823-1886)." (1982). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 3791. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/3791 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this document, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or “target” for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is “Missing Page(s)”. If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure complete continuity. 2. When an image on the Film is obliterated with a round black mark, it is an indication of either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, duplicate copy, or copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed. -
The Temple and the Inns of Court
Washington University Law Review Volume 2 Issue 1 January 1917 The Temple and the Inns of Court James Love Hopkins Esq. Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_lawreview Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation James Love Hopkins, The Temple and the Inns of Court, 2 ST. LOUIS L. REV. 001 (1917). Available at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_lawreview/vol2/iss1/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law School at Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Washington University Law Review by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ST. LOUIS LAW REVIEW Vol. II PublishedWashington by theUniversity Undergraduates Law School of the No. 1 THE TEMPLE AND THE INNS OF COURT. The American lawyer who can view the Inns of Court and the Temple unmoved by stirring and often half-forgotten memories, has no need for foreign travel. In these surroundings the steady roar of the world's greatest city cannot divert the mind trained to an appre- ciation of the common law from the inspiration given to tower and casement and tomb-slabs and paving stones by the generations of lawyers who here have studied and worked in the gladsome light of jurisprudence. So alluring a trail of thought, running back to the very shadows of the middle ages, can be inspired in the mind of the English-speaking lawyer nowhere else, even amidst the ruins of ancient Rome, where were the beginnings of the earlier civil law.