Nocellara Del Belice

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Nocellara Del Belice Paul Vossen University of California Cooperative Extension 133 Aviation Blvd. Santa Rosa, CA 95403 (707) 565-2621 [email protected] http://cesonoma.ucdavis.edu Photo by : Alexandra Kicenik Devarenne OliveOlive VarietyVariety PronunciationPronunciation • Arbequina – ARAR--BAYBAY--KEYKEY--NANA • Leccino – LAYLAY--CHEECHEE--NONO • Hojiblanca – OHOH--HEEHEE--BLONBLON--KAKA • Manzanillo – MONMON--ZONZON--EEEE--YOYO • Sevillano – SAYSAY--VEEVEE--YANYAN--OHOH •Kalamon –KALKAL--AA--MONMON • Picholine – PEEPEE--SHOSHO--LEENLEEN • Frantoio –– FRAHNFRAHN--TOYTOY--YOYO UCUC ResearchResearch TasteTaste PanelPanel •• 1515 pointpoint profileprofile sheetsheet •• CooperationCooperation withwith internationalinternational panelspanels •• IntensityIntensity ofof aroma,aroma, bitterness,bitterness, pungency,pungency, fruitfruit intensity,intensity, sweetness,sweetness, totaltotal flavor,flavor, astringency,astringency, defects,defects, complexity,complexity, balance,balance, finish,finish, overalloverall quality,quality, andand positivepositive flavorflavor descriptorsdescriptors Grass, herb, mint, artichoke, buttery, floral, apple, citrus, tropical, green tea, tomato, banana, berry, etc . UC Davis Centennial Blend Tasted 1-8-09 Overall Quality Average Balance Average Complexity Average Aroma Intensity Average Total Flavor Intensity Average Fruit Intensity Average Bitterness Average Pungency Average Sweetness Average Astringency Average 0123456789101112131415 Intensity 3 2.5 UC Davis Centennial Blend Tasted 1-8-09 Olive Oil Flavor Characteristics 2 1.5 Flavor Strength 1 0.5 0 Ripe Olive Fruit Other Ripe Fruit Nutty Ripe Fruit Green Fruit Floral Buttery Tropical Banana Other Green Olive Fruit Grass (fresh Cut) Artichoke Specific Flavor CharacteristicsHerbaceous Green Apple Green Banana Green Tea Mint Eucalyptus Tomato Leaf Spice "allspice/cinnamon" Wood/hay/straw Other TastingTasting thethe 11stst oiloil ((JAXJAX)) PicualPicual •• PrecociousPrecocious •• HighHigh yieldyield •• AnnualAnnual bearingbearing •• LargeLarge fruitfruit •• EasyEasy toto harvestharvest •• HighHigh oiloil contentcontent •• HighHigh inin oleicoleic acidacid •• HighHigh polyphenolspolyphenols (600(600 ppm)ppm) PicualPicual inin ChileChile 6th6th yearyear TasteTaste 22ndnd OilOil (U7J)(U7J) HojiblancaHojiblanca •• HighHigh yieldyield •• AlternateAlternate bearingbearing •• LargeLarge fruitfruit •• EasyEasy toto harvestharvest •• LateLate maturitymaturity •• MedMed oiloil contentcontent •• PolyphenolsPolyphenols -- 250250 HojiblancaHojiblanca inin PortugalPortugal 55th yearyear Tasting 3rd Oil (LYA) AscolanaAscolana •• EarlyEarly RipeningRipening •• MediumMedium yieldyield •• AlternateAlternate bearingbearing •• VeryVery largelarge fruitfruit •• EasyEasy toto harvestharvest •• LessLess foliarfoliar diseasedisease •• LowLow oiloil contentcontent •• VeryVery ColdCold hardyhardy TastingTasting thethe 44thth OilOil (CCS)(CCS) PicholinePicholine •• HighHigh yieldyield w/waterw/water •• AnnualAnnual bearingbearing •• LargeLarge fruitfruit •• LateLate ripeningripening •• MediumMedium oiloil contentcontent •• ResistantResistant toto leafleaf spotspot •• ModerateModerate coldcold hardyhardy •• DifficultDifficult extractionextraction •• TableTable oliveolive primarilyprimarily ReddingRedding PicholinePicholine •• SeedlingSeedling •• NotNot PicholinePicholine •• VeryVery smallsmall fruitfruit •• EarlyEarly ripeningripening •• MediumMedium oiloil contentcontent •• ResistantResistant toto leafleaf spotspot •• ColdCold hardyhardy •• DifficultDifficult harvestharvest PicholinePicholine MarroquiMarroqui •• NotNot PicholinePicholine •• HouziaHouzia -- MenaraMenara •• EarlyEarly ripeningripening •• MediumMedium oiloil contentcontent •• ResistantResistant toto leafleaf spotspot •• ColdCold hardyhardy •• DifficultDifficult harvestharvest Tasting 5th Oil (5TY) BarneaBarnea •• PrecociousPrecocious •• HighHigh yieldyield •• AnnualAnnual bearingbearing •• SmallSmall fruitfruit •• LowLow oleicoleic levellevel •• MediumMedium oiloil contentcontent •• ResistantResistant toto leafleaf spotspot •• RequiresRequires irrigationirrigation BarneaBarnea inin ArgentinaArgentina 8th8th yearyear Tasting 6th Oil (ZK3) CoratinaCoratina •• PrecociousPrecocious •• HighHigh yieldyield •• AnnualAnnual bearingbearing •• LargeLarge fruitfruit •• EasyEasy toto harvestharvest •• ResistsResists foliarfoliar diseasedisease •• HighHigh oiloil contentcontent •• HighHigh inin oleicoleic acidacid •• HighHigh polyphenolspolyphenols (600(600 ppm)ppm) Coratina in Italy CoratinaCoratina inin ArgentinaArgentina 33rd yearyear ““BestBest”” TwoTwo OliveOlive VarietiesVarieties inin thethe WorldWorld •• PicualPicual –– 75%75% ofof SpanishSpanish ProductionProduction •• CoratinaCoratina –– 50%50% ofof ItalianItalian ProductionProduction Coratina Picual Some of the Most Interesting Oil Varieties Arbequina,Arbequina, Ascolano,Ascolano, BarneaBarnea,, BosanaBosana,, Frantoio,Frantoio, Koroneiki,Koroneiki, PicualPicual,, PicudoPicudo,, Arbosana,Arbosana, CornicabraCornicabra,, Coratina,Coratina, HojiblancaHojiblanca,, KalamonKalamon,, Leccino,Leccino, MoraioloMoraiolo,, NocelaraNocelara deldel Belice,Belice, PicholinePicholine,, Taggiasca,Taggiasca, PicudoPicudo •• HighHigh yieldyield •• AnnualAnnual bearingbearing •• LargeLarge fruitfruit •• EasyEasy toto harvestharvest •• LessLess foliarfoliar diseasedisease •• HighHigh oiloil contentcontent •• LowLow oleicoleic levelslevels •• MedMed polyphenolspolyphenols NocellaraNocellara deldel BeliceBelice •• HighHigh yieldyield •• AlternateAlternate bearingbearing •• LargeLarge fruitfruit •• EasyEasy toto harvestharvest •• MedMed oiloil contentcontent •• MedMed polyphenolspolyphenols NocellaraNocellara deldel BeliceBelice inin SicilySicily 5050+ yearsyears BosanaBosana •• PrecociousPrecocious •• HighHigh yieldyield •• AnnualAnnual bearingbearing •• LargeLarge fruitfruit •• EasyEasy toto harvestharvest •• MedMed oiloil contentcontent •• MedMed polyphenolspolyphenols FrantoioFrantoio •• LateLate RipeningRipening •• MediumMedium yieldyield •• AlternateAlternate bearingbearing •• MediumMedium •• OkOk toto harvestharvest •• LessLess foliarfoliar diseasedisease •• HighHigh oiloil contentcontent •• ColdCold sensitivesensitive LeccinoLeccino •• LateLate RipeningRipening •• MediumMedium yieldyield •• AlternateAlternate bearingbearing •• MediumMedium fruitfruit •• EasyEasy toto harvestharvest •• LessLess foliarfoliar diseasedisease •• HighHigh oiloil contentcontent •• ColdCold hardyhardy TaggiascaTaggiasca •• LateLate RipeningRipening •• MediumMedium yieldyield •• AnnualAnnual bearingbearing •• LargeLarge fruitfruit •• DifficultDifficult toto harvestharvest •• LessLess foliarfoliar diseasedisease •• HighHigh oiloil contentcontent •• ColdCold sensitivesensitive Liguria OtherOther ““CaliforniaCalifornia”” VarietiesVarieties •• ManzanilloManzanillo – very aromatic fruity, peppery •• MissionMission - (early) very bitter - (mid season) slightly fruity, bitter, and pungent - (late) very bland and buttery •• SevillanoSevillano – fruity, green, herbaceous, pungent IntermediateIntermediate HarvestHarvest • Balanced • Sweet & Astringent • Bitter • Pungent • Ripe & Green • Floral • Medium Polyphenols [email protected] http://cesonoma.ucdavis.edu .
Recommended publications
  • Change in Quality During Ripening of Olive Fruits and Related Oils Extracted from Three Minor Autochthonous Sardinian Cultivars
    Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture. 2019. 31(3): 196-205 doi: 10.9755/ejfa.2019.v31.i3.1923 http://www.ejfa.me/ RESEARCH ARTICLE Change in quality during ripening of olive fruits and related oils extracted from three minor autochthonous Sardinian cultivars Paola Conte1, Giacomo Squeo2, Graziana Difonzo2, Francesco Caponio2, Costantino Fadda1, Alessandra Del Caro1, Pietro Paolo Urgeghe1, Luigi Montanari1, Antonio Montinaro3, Antonio Piga1* 1Dipartimento di Agraria, Università Degli Studi di Sassari, Viale Italia 39/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy, 2Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, Della Pianta e Degli Alimenti, Sezione di Scienze e Tecnologie Alimentari, Università Degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy, 3LAORE Sardegna, Servizio Sviluppo delle filiere vegetali, Unità organizzativa tematica territoriale Produzioni vegetali ATO 2, Via Baldedda 11, 07100 Sassari, Italy ABSTRACT Ripening stage is one of the key factors in determining quality of olive fruits and related oils. This research, thus, was aimed to study the influence of three different harvesting times on the quality parameters of olives and related oils of three autochthonous Sardinian cultivars, Sivigliana da olio, Semidana, and Corsicana da olio. We evaluated several parameters in olive fruits (dry matter, oil content, total soluble solids, total polyphenol and antioxidant activity) and oils (legal indices, total chlorophylls and tocopherols, single polyphenols and volatile compounds, antioxidant activity). The results obtained in olive fruits showed that all the parameters changed significantly during ripening and seem to confirm that the best harvesting time is that selected by the growers, that is when 70% of olives has just turned dark-colored and the rest is green.
    [Show full text]
  • UC Davis UC Davis Previously Published Works
    UC Davis UC Davis Previously Published Works Title Reducing Phenolics Related to Bitterness in Table Olives Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/66x5590m Authors Johnson, RL Mitchell, AE Publication Date 2018 DOI 10.1155/2018/3193185 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Hindawi Journal of Food Quality Volume 2018, Article ID 3193185, 12 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/3193185 Review Article Reducing Phenolics Related to Bitterness in Table Olives Rebecca L. Johnson and Alyson E. Mitchell Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Alyson E. Mitchell; [email protected] Received 21 May 2018; Revised 9 July 2018; Accepted 24 July 2018; Published 13 August 2018 Academic Editor: Amani Taamalli Copyright © 2018 Rebecca L. Johnson and Alyson E. Mitchell. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Olives are one of the oldest food products in human civilization. Over the centuries, numerous methods have been developed to transform olives from a bitter drupe into an edible fruit. Methods of processing table olives rely on the acid, base, and/or enzymatic hydrolysis of bitter phenolic compounds naturally present in the fruit into nonbitter hydrolysis products. Today, there are three primary methods of commercial table olive processing: the Greek, Spanish, and Californian methods, in addition to several Artisanal methods. is review focuses on the technological, microbiological, chemical, and sensory aspects of table olive processing and the inherent benets and drawbacks of each method.
    [Show full text]
  • Olive Oil Award Winners
    Olive Oil Award Winners CALIFORNIA STATE FAIR 2020 COMMERCIAL OLIVE OIL COMPETITION hile the California State Fair team had he California State Fair Commercial Extra Virgin Olive remained hopeful for a wonderful 2020 Oil Competition features two shows: Extra Virgin Olive WCalifornia State Fair & Food Festival, we TOil and Flavored Olive Oil. The Extra Virgin Olive Oil were faced with a world-wide pandemic none Show has divisions for varying intensities of single varieties of us could have ever imagined. However, at the and blends of olive oil, and classes in varietals of olives. beginning of the year, we were able to accept The Flavored Olive Oil Show has divisions in co-milled and entries and judge the California State Fair Olive infused olive oil, and classes for flavor varieties. Oil Competition for 2020. Three special awards honor olive oil producers of each This brochure is one way we are highlighting and production level: Best of California Extra Virgin Olive Oil honoring those who won Double Gold, Gold and by a Large Producer (over 5,000 gallons), an Artisan the highest honors in this year’s competition. Producer (500-5,000 gallons), and a Microproducer (less than 500 gallons). California’s extra virgin olive oil business is flourishing. The fall 2019 harvest was estimated to have produced 4 million gallons of extra virgin olive oil. As of Across 8 divisions and 14 different classes, two Best of January 2019, over 41,000 acres of olive groves were in production in California, Show Golden Bear trophies are awarded each year, one for specifically for olive oil.
    [Show full text]
  • Universidad De Jaén Gasification Applied to The
    UNIVERSIDAD DE JAÉN ESCUELA POLITÉCNICA SUPERIOR DEPARTAMENTO DE INGENIERÍA ELÉCTRICA TESIS DOCTORAL GASIFICATION APPLIED TO THE VALORIZATION OF OLIVE GROVE AND OLIVE MILL RESIDUES PRESENTADA POR: BÁRBARA DE MENA PARDO DIRIGIDA POR: DR. D. DAVID VERA CANDEAS DR. D. FRANCISCO JURADO MELGUIZO JAÉN, 7 DE ABRIL DE 2017 ISBN 978-84-9159-076-7 Gasification applied to the valorization of olive grove and olive mill residues 2 Gasification applied to the valorization of olive grove and olive mill residues Chapter 1. Introduction. Objectives and structure of the thesis ................................................. 9 Chapter 1. Introduction. Objectives and structure of the thesis .................................................... 10 1.1. Introduction: Why valorise the residues of the olive sector? ........................................... 10 1.2. Objectives of this thesis ...................................................................................................... 12 1.3. Thesis structure ..................................................................................................................... 13 Chapter 2. The olive oil sector in Europe and in Spain................................................................ 15 2.1. The olive oil sector in Europe and in Spain ..................................................................... 16 2.2. Olive oil production methods ............................................................................................ 19 2.2.1. Olive presses ......................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Ph.D. Thesis Morrone
    UNIVERSITA’ DEGLI STUDI DI PARMA Department of Food Science Ph. D. in Food Science and Technology Cycle XXVII Relationship between environmental features and extra virgin olive oil in north Sardinia Ph. D. Coordinator: Chiar.mo Prof. Furio Brighenti Tutor: Chiar.mo Prof. Andrea Fabbri Co-Tutors: Dott.ssa Annalisa Rotondi Dott. Tommaso Ganino Ph.D. Student: Lucia Morrone Lucia Morrone, 2015 Relationship between environmental features and extra virgin olive oil in north Sardinia PhD Thesis in Food Science and Technology. XXVII Cycle, University of Parma, ITALY. Thesis Supervisors: Prof. Andrea Fabbri – Department of Food Science, University of Parma Dr. Annalisa Rotondi – Institute of BIoMETeorology of the National Research Council (IBIMET – CNR), Bologna Dr. Tommaso Ganino - Department of Food Science, University of Parma PhD Coordinator : Prof. Furio Brighenti – Department of Food Science, University of Parma II To Maurizio III IV Preface and Acknowledgements The agri-food sector is a strategic asset for Italy, representing the 8,7% of GDP. The significance of this sector is not merely economic, even if the agri-food sector is an important item of GDP and it has always a positive mark in export. As a matter of fact, the agri-food sector has both a social and an environmental impact. In this regard, the valorisation of Italian agri food productions, the so- called Made-in-Italy Agri-Food, assumes a crucial importance. The extra virgin olive oil is one of the products that most personify the image of the Made-in-Italy Agri-Food. Notwithstanding a lot of people think at the Italian virgin olive oil like a one and definite product, it is a product having hundreds of chemical and sensory shades.
    [Show full text]
  • Effect of Processing on Phenolic Composition of Olive Oil Products and Olive Mill By-Products and Possibilities for Enhancement of Sustainable Processes
    processes Review Effect of Processing on Phenolic Composition of Olive Oil Products and Olive Mill By-Products and Possibilities for Enhancement of Sustainable Processes Fereshteh Safarzadeh Markhali CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus of Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; [email protected] or [email protected] Abstract: The bio-functional properties of olive oil products and by-products rely greatly on the proportions and types of the endogenous phenolics that may favorably/unfavorably change during various processing conditions. The olive oil industrial activities typically produce (i) olive oils, the main/marketable products, and (ii) olive mill by-products. The mechanical processing of olive oil extraction is making progress in some areas. However, the challenges inherent in the existing system, taking into consideration, the susceptibilities of phenolics and their biosynthetic variations during processing, hamper efforts to ascertain an ideal approach. The proposed innovative means, such as inclusion of emerging technologies in extraction system, show potential for sustainable development of olive oil processing. Another crucial factor, together with the technological advancements of olive oil extraction, is the valorization of olive mill by-products that are presently underused while having great potential for extended/high-value applications. A sustainable re-utilization of these Citation: Safarzadeh Markhali, F. valuable by-products helps contribute to (i) food and nutrition security and (ii) economic and Effect of Processing on Phenolic Composition of Olive Oil Products environmental sustainability. This review discusses typical processing factors responsible for the and Olive Mill By-Products and fate of endogenous phenolics in olive oil products/by-products and provides an overview of the Possibilities for Enhancement of possibilities for the sustainable processing to (i) produce phenolic-rich olive oil and (ii) optimally Sustainable Processes.
    [Show full text]
  • & Special Prizes
    Αthena International Olive Oil Competition 26 ΧΑΛΚΙΝΑ- 28 March ΜΕΤΑΛΛΙΑ* 2018 OLIVE OIL PRODUCER DELPHIVARIETAL MAKE-UP• PHOCIS REGION COUNTRY WEBSITE ΜEDALS & SPECIAL PRIZES Final Participation and Awards Results For its third edition the Athena International Olive Oil Competition (ATHIOOC) showed a 22% increase in the num- ber of participating samples; 359 extra virgin olive oils from 12 countries were judged by a panel of 20 interna- tional experts from 11 countries. This is the first year that the number of samples from abroad overpassed those from Greece: of the 359 samples tasted, 171 were Greek (48%) and 188 (52%) from other countries. In conjunction with the high number of inter- national judges (2/3 of the tasting panel), this establishes Athena as one of the few truly international extra virgin olive oil competitions in the world ―and one of the fastest growing ones. ATHIOOC 2018 awarded 242 medals in the following categories: 13 Double Gold (scoring 95-100%), 100 Gold (scoring 85-95%), 89 Silver (scoring 75-85%) and 40 Bronze (scoring 65-75%). There were also several special prizes including «Best of Show» which this year goes to Palacio de los Olivos from Andalusia, Spain. There is also a notable increase in the number of cultivars present: 124 this year compared to 92 last year, testify- ing to the amazing diversity of the olive oil world. The awards ceremony will take place in Athens on Saturday, April 28 2018, 18:00, at the Zappeion Megaron Con- ference & Exhibitions Hall in the city center. This event will be preceded by a day-long, stand-up and self-pour tasting of all award-winning olive oils.
    [Show full text]
  • Terraolivo Regulation Organization
    TERRAOLIVO REGULATION ORGANIZATION As part of putting together Olive oil, Nutrition and Health there will be a competition held in Israel, during the month of July known as Mediterranean International Olive Oil Competition - TerraOlivo PURPOSE Mediterranean International Olive Oil Competition is an International Competition of Extra Virgin Olive Oils Terraolivo, organized to reach the following objectives: ● Award the best Olive Oils Extra Virgin from all over the world. ● Promote all the nutritional benefits of Olive Oils EV directly to its consumers. ● Encourage the International market to notice the exceptional qualities of Olive Oils EV produced by different countries. ● Promote and make perceptible Olive Oil markets in the Mediterranean and the rest of the world. ● Spread all the advantages of having a Mediterranean diet. ● Introduce all winners to potential importers, in international markets, and to the media. ● Increase the international consumption of Olive Oils. STAGES The competition will have the following stages: ● Mediterranean International Olive Oil Competition: All Olive Oils will be tasted by a panel of professionals who will assess and classify them according to the COI. ● Guided Sampling: There will be a guided sampling of Olive Oils commented by the main specialists of the jury. ● First opening for winners to the press: All award winners will be presented to the International media and will be introduced to importers and distributors from worldwide markets. WHO CAN PARTICIPATE- ADMITTED PRODUCTS VERY IMPORTANT: The oils submitted should have a chemical analysis for free fatty acids ​ completed no more than 120 days prior to submission. To be considered extra virgin olive oils, the free fatty acid level must not be more than 0.8% with a peroxide index of less than 20.
    [Show full text]
  • Cultivated Olive Diversification at Local and Regional Scales
    Cultivated Olive Diversification at Local and Regional Scales: Evidence From the Genetic Characterization of French Genetic Resources Bouchaib Khadari, Ahmed El Bakkali, Laïla Khadari, Christine Tollon-Cordet, Christian Pinatel, Guillaume Besnard To cite this version: Bouchaib Khadari, Ahmed El Bakkali, Laïla Khadari, Christine Tollon-Cordet, Christian Pinatel, et al.. Cultivated Olive Diversification at Local and Regional Scales: Evidence From theGe- netic Characterization of French Genetic Resources. Frontiers in Plant Science, Frontiers, 2019, 10, 10.3389/fpls.2019.01593. hal-02620852 HAL Id: hal-02620852 https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02620852 Submitted on 26 May 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 24 December 2019 doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01593 Cultivated Olive Diversification at Local and Regional Scales: Evidence From the Genetic Characterization of French Genetic Resources Bouchaib Khadari 1,2*, Ahmed El Bakkali 3, Laila Essalouh
    [Show full text]
  • The Effect of Low Temperature on Physiological, Biochemical And
    sustainability Article The Effect of Low Temperature on Physiological, Biochemical and Flowering Functions of Olive Tree in Relation to Genotype 1, 2, 3 3 Niki Mougiou y , Boushra Baalbaki y, Georgios Doupis , Nektarios Kavroulakis , Stylianos Poulios 1, Konstantinos E. Vlachonasios 1 and Georgios C. Koubouris 3,* 1 Department of Botany, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; [email protected] (N.M.); [email protected] (S.P.); [email protected] (K.E.V.) 2 Department of Sustainable Agriculture, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania (CIHEAM), Alsyllio Agrokepiou, P.O. Box 85, 73100 Chania, Greece; [email protected] 3 Institute for Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, ELGO DEMETER, Agrokipio, 73100 Chania, Greece; [email protected] (G.D.); [email protected] (N.K.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +30-28210-83434 These authors contributed equally to this work. y Received: 11 October 2020; Accepted: 30 November 2020; Published: 2 December 2020 Abstract: Olive tree growth and reproduction are severely affected by temperature extremes, compromising fruit yield. In that aspect, the olive varieties “Koroneiki” and “Mastoidis” were employed in a mild cold stress experiment, imitating night frost incidents to assess their biochemical, physiological and reproductive functions in relation to genotype. The physiological performance of the stressed plants was not significantly altered, suggesting that both cultivars were well adapted to mild cold night stress. The biochemical response of the plants, regarding antioxidant enzymes, H2O2 and TBARS accumulation, confirmed that both cultivars could cope with the stress applied. The mRNA levels of the PPO gene, which participates in hydroxytyrosol biosynthesis and plant defense, were elevated after 24-h stress at 0 ◦C, in both cultivars with “Mastoidis” plants exhibiting higher levels for a longer period.
    [Show full text]
  • 1. Description Générale De L'oléiculture À Malte 1.1
    Politique - Malte 2012 1. DESCRIPTION GÉNÉRALE DE L'OLÉICULTURE À MALTE 1.1. Introduction L'oléiculture est présente sur toutes les îles maltaises. Les oliviers sont dispersés, plantés comme brise-vent ou cultivés avec d'autres fruitiers. Cette distribution irrégulière est due à la nature fragmentée et peu étendue des exploitations agricoles. Les plantations sont de superficies très diverses, parfois de seulement 0,1 ha, avec une densité moyenne d'environ 300 à 400 arbres/ha. En 2010, Malte comptait 138 ha consacrés à l'oléiculture. Figure 1. Situation géographique de Malte (Source : NU) (Source : questionnaire du COI) 1.2. Indicateurs socio-économiques • Superficie : 316 km² (NU, 2008) • Capitale : Valletta (NU) • Monnaie : Euro (EUR) (NU, 2009) • Population : 414 971 habitants (Banque mondiale, 2009) • Population urbaine : 95 % (Banque mondiale, 2010) • Population rurale : 5 % (Banque mondiale, 2010) • Taux de croissance de la population : 0,3 % (NU, 2010/15) • Espérance de vie : 82,0 ans (hommes), 78,4 ans (femmes) (NU, 2010/15) • Principales exportations en volume : maïs (FAOSTAT, 2009) • Principales importations en volume : maïs (FAOSTAT, 2009) • RNB par habitant, PPA (en US $ courants) : 23 160 (Banque mondiale, 2009) • PIB par habitant, PPA (en US $ courants) : 24 804 (Banque mondiale, 2009) • Emplois dans l’agriculture : 1,4 % (Banque mondiale, 2008) • Femmes employées dans l'agriculture : 0 % (Banque mondiale, 2008) • Hommes employés dans l'agriculture : 2 % (Banque mondiale, 2008) Conseil oléicole international Page 1 / 3 Politique - Malte 2012 2. LE SECTEUR OLÉICOLE À MALTE 2.1. Ressources oléicoles L'oléiculture est un secteur jeune en plein développement dans l'archipel de Malte où elle a gagné en importance ces dernières années étant donné qu'une prise de conscience croissante des bienfaits de l'huile d'olive au sein de la population a conduit à la plantation de nombreuses oliveraies et à la création de nouvelles huileries dans les îles de Malte et Gozo.
    [Show full text]
  • Publication of an Amendment Application Pursuant to Article 6(2) of Council Regulation (EC) No 510/2006 on the Protection Of
    C 186/18 EN Official Journal of the European Union 26.6.2012 Publication of an amendment application pursuant to Article 6(2) of Council Regulation (EC) No 510/2006 on the protection of geographical indications and designations of origin for agricultural products and foodstuffs (2012/C 186/10) This publication confers the right to object to the amendment application pursuant to Article 7 of Council Regulation (EC) No 510/2006 ( 1). Statements of objection must reach the Commission within six months of the date of this publication. AMENDMENT APPLICATION COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 510/2006 AMENDMENT APPLICATION IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE 9 ‘ΚΑΛΑΜΑΤΑ’ (KALAMATA) EC No: EL-PDO-0117-0037-21.12.2009 PGI ( ) PDO ( X ) 1. Heading in the specification affected by the amendment: — Name of product — ☒ Description of product — ☒ Geographical area — Proof of origin — ☒ Method of production — ☒ Link — Labelling — National requirements — Other (please specify) 2. Type of amendment(s): — Amendment to single document or summary sheet — ☒ Amendment to specification of registered PDO or PGI for which neither the single document nor the summary sheet has been published — Amendment to specification that requires no amendment to the published single document (Article 9(3) of Regulation (EC) No 510/2006) — Temporary amendment to specification resulting from imposition of obligatory sanitary or phytosanitary measures by public authorities (Article 9(4) of Regulation (EC) No 510/2006) 3. Amendment(s): 3.1. Description of product: In this application the olive oil produced is described in greater detail than in the initial registration dossier. Stricter quality specifications are laid down in order to ensure that the name is used only for the area's very best quality olive oil.
    [Show full text]