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The First Report of Shrimp Mcrobrachium Nipponense Alagol, Almagol and Ajigol Lagoons Golesta Province

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The First Report of Shrimp Mcrobrachium Nipponense Alagol, Almagol and Ajigol Lagoons Golesta Province ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺷﻴﻼت اﻳﺮان ﺳﺎل ﺑﻴﺴﺖ و دوم/ ﺷﻤﺎره /3 ﭘﺎﻳﻴﺰ 1392 اوﻟﻴﻦ ﮔﺰارش ﻣﻴﮕﻮي Macrobrachium nipponense در ﺗﺎﻻب ﻫﺎي آﻻﮔﻞ،آﻟﻤﺎﮔﻞ وآﺟﻲ ﮔﻞ اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎن ﻏﻼﻣﻌﻠﻲ ﺑﻨﺪاﻧﻲ )1( * ؛ ﺣﺴﻴﻨﻌﻠﻲ ﺧﻮﺷﺒﺎور رﺳﺘﻤﻲ )1( ؛ ﻓﺮﻫﺎد ﻛﻴﻤﺮام )2( ؛ اﻣﻴﺪ ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻲ (3) و داود ﻣﻴﺮﺷﻜﺎر(3) [email protected] 1 - ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ذﺧﺎﻳﺮ آﺑﺰﻳﺎن آﺑﻬﺎي داﺧﻠﻲ - ﮔﺮﮔﺎن، ﺑﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻛﺎرﺷﻨﺎس ارﺷﺪ ﺷﻴﻼت - دﻛﺘﺮي ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ و ﺑﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎي آﺑﺰﻳ ﺎن و دﻛﺘﺮي ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﺷﻴﻼت، ﺻﻨﺪوق ﭘﺴﺘﻲ 139 -2 ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﺷﻴﻼت اﻳﺮان، دﻛﺘﺮي ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژي درﻳﺎ 3 - ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖ اﻳﺮان ، ﻛﺎرﺷﻨﺎس ارﺷﺪ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژي درﻳﺎ ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ درﻳﺎﻓﺖ : اﺳﻔﻨﺪ 1391 ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش : ﻣﻬﺮ 1392 ﻟﻐﺎت ﻛﻠﻴﺪي:. ﻣﻴﮕﻮي Macrobrachium nipponense ، ﺗﺎﻻب، آﻻﮔﻞ،آﻟﻤﺎﮔﻞ وآﺟﻲ ﮔﻞ، اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎن ﻣﻴﮕﻮي Macrobrachium nipponenseﻳﻜـﻲ از ﮔﻮﻧـﻪ ﻫـﺎي اﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ در ﺟﻨﻮب ﻋﺮاق ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ از اﺳﺘﺨﺮﻫﺎي ﭘﺮورﺷﻲ در ﻏﻴﺮ ﺑﻮﻣﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪات ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﺣـﺪاﻗﻞ در ﻃـﻲ اﻳﺮان ﻣﺸﺘﻖ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ . 10 ﺳﺎل ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ وارد اﻛﻮﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي آﺑﻲ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ و اﺳﺘﺨﺮﻫﺎي ﺣﻀــﻮر ﺟﻤﻌﻴــﺖ وﺣﺸــ ﻲ M nipponense در ﺗــﺎﻻب اﻧﺰﻟــﻲ ﭘﺮورش ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ اﻳـﻦ ﮔﻮﻧـﻪ از ﻣﻬﻤﺘـﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﮕﻮﻫـﺎي آب ﺗﻮﺳﻂ Ghanne & De Grave ( 2006 ) ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ در ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﭼﻴﻦ، ﻛﺮه و ژاﭘﻦ ﻣـﻲ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ ( & Kwon ﻧﺨﺴــﺘﻴﻦ ﮔــﺰارش از وﺟـــﻮد ﻣﻴﮕــﻮي Macrobrachium ١٩٦٩ ,Chong .( Uno و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران ( 1987 ) اﻇﻬﺎر داﺷـﺘﻨﺪ ﻛـﻪ nipponense و ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ آن Macrobrachium rosenbergii ﻣﻴﮕﻮي M. nipponense ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑ ﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼـﺎدﻓﻲ و ﻳـﺎ در اﺳﺘﺨﺮﻫﺎي ﭘﺮورش ﻣـﺎﻫ ﻲ اﺳـﺘﺎن ﮔﻠﺴـﺘﺎن در ﺳـﺎل 1383 روش دﻳﮕﺮﻣﺜﻼً اﻧﺘﻘـﺎل ﻣـﺎﻫﻲ ﻗﺮﻣـﺰو ﻛﭙﻮرﻣﺎﻫﻴـﺎن ازﻛﺸـﻮ ر ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﮔﺮﮔﻴﻦ و ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﺤﻤﺪي اراﺋﻪ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ وﺗـﺎ ﻛﻨـﻮن ﻫﻴﭽﮕﻮﻧـﻪ ﭼﻴﻦ ﻳﺎ ژاﭘﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻨﮕﺎﭘﻮرﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ در ﺣﺎل ﺣﺎﺿـﺮ .M ﮔﺰارﺷﻲ در ﺧﺼﻮص ﺣﻀﻮر اﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ در ﺗﺎﻻب ﻫﺎي ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠـﻲ nipponense در آﺑﻬﺎي ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ و ﻟﺐ ﺷﻮر در ﺗﻤﺎم اﺳـﺘﺎن ﻫـﺎي اراﺋﻪ ﻧﺸﺪه اﺳﺖ . ﭼﻮن ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻏﻴـﺮ ﺑـﻮﻣﻲ ﺑـﻪ ﻟﺤـﺎظ ازﺑﻜﺴﺘﺎن، در رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫـﺎ ، ﻛﺎﻧـﺎل ﻫـﺎ، اﺳـﺘﺨﺮﻫﺎ و درﻳﺎﭼـﻪ ﻫـﺎ ﺳﻬﻢ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ آﻧﻬﺎ در اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎط ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ اﻛﻮﻟﻮژﻳـﻚ و ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺪه ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ و از اﺟﺰاي رژﻳﻢ ﻏﺬاﻳﻲ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن ﺑﻮﻣﻲ ﺑ ـ ﻪ ﺷـﻤﺎر ﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻫﺴـﺘﻨ ﺪ . ﺑـﺮ اﻳـﻦ اﺳـﺎس ﺑـﻪ ﻣـــﻲ روﻧـــ ﺪ ( ٢٠٠٥ ,Mirabdullaev& Niyazou) ، ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و ﻣﻴﺰان ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺪﮔﻲ آن در ﺳﻪ ﺗﺎﻻب ﺑـﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠـﻲ . Salman و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران ( 2006 ) ﮔﺰارش ﻛﺮدﻧـﺪ ﻛـﻪ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺘﻬـﺎي اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎن ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌ ﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮاﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ . 164 ﺑﻨﺪاﻧﻲ و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران اوﻟﻴﻦ ﮔﺰارش ﻣﻴﮕﻮي Macrobrachium nipponense در ﺗﺎﻻب ﻫﺎي آﻻﮔﻞ،آﻟﻤﺎﮔﻞ وآﺟﻲ ﮔﻞ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ااﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﻋﻮارض ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻴـﺎﻳﻲ ذﻳـﻞ اﻧﺘﺨـﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ اﻟﻒ . ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﮔﻴـﺎﻫﻲ ب . ورودي ﺗـﺎﻻب ج . ﺧﺮوﺟـﻲ ﺗﺎﻻب د. ﮔﺴﺘﺮش رﺳﻮب در ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ه . ﻋﻤﻖ آب meru carpus palm ٢ ١ ٣ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮداري ﻣﻴﮕﻮ : ﻓﺮاواﻧﻲ اوﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﻴﮕﻮﻫﺎ در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﻚ ﭘﺮه ﭼﺸﻤﻪ رﻳﺰ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ( ﻃﻮل ﭘﺮه 100 ﻣﺘﺮ، ﻋﺮض ﭘـﺮه 3 ﺗـﺎ 4 ﻣﺘـ ﺮ و ﭼﺸﻤﻪ 8 ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ ) ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ . ﭘﺲ از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ اوﻟﻴﻪ ﺗﻌـﺪاد 5 اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ در ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ از ﺳﻪ ﺗﺎﻻب آب ﺷﻴﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻌﻴـﻴﻦ و ﻣﺨﺘﺼــﺎت ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻴــﺎﻳﻲ آﻧﻬــﺎ ﺑــﺎ ﻛﻤــﻚ GPS ﺛﺒــﺖ ﮔﺮدﻳــﺪ. در ﺷﻜﻞ 2 - ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻬﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ دوﻣﻴﻦ ﭘﺎي ﺣﺮﻛﺘﻲ ( M.. nipponens) اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎي ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻜﺎرﮔﻴﺮي ﺗﻠﻪ ﺗﺎﺷﻮ ( Funnel Trap ) ﺑﺎﻓﺘﻪ 6 ﺗﺎ 10 ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻤﺘـ ﺮ، در ﻃـﻲ 12 ﻣـﺎه در ﺳـﺎ ل 1388 ﺑـﻪ ﺻـﻮرت ﻣﺎﻫﺎﻧﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮداري ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ . ﻳﻮروﭘﻮد ﺟﻬﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﮕﻮ و ﺟﺪاﺳـﺎزي آن از ﺳـﺎﻳﺮ ﮔﻮﻧـﻪ ﻫـﺎي ﺟﻨﺲ ﻣﺎﻛﺮوﺑﺮاﻛﻴﻮم ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮر ﻫﺎي زﻳﺮ ﻣﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓ ﺘﻨﺪ: ﺷﻜﻞ را ﺳﺘﺮوم و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺧﺎرﻫﺎي روي آن ﻛﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺧﺎرﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ روي ﻟﺒﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﻳﻲ را ﺳﺘﺮوم 8 ﺗﺎ 12 ﻋﺪد و ﺑﺮ روي ﻟﺒﻪ زﻳﺮﻳﻦ 2 ﺗﺎ 3 ﺗﻠﺴﻮن ﻋﺪد ﺑﻮد ( Cai & Nguyen, 2002) ، ( ﺷﻜﻞ ).2 ).2 روﺳﺘﺮوم ﺷﻜﻞ3 - دم ﺑﺎد ﺑﺰﻧﻲ ( M.. nipponens ) (fan tail) ﺷـــﻜﻞ -2 اﻧـــﺪازه ﻗﺴـــﻤﺘﻬﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠـــﻒ ﭘـــﺎي دوم ﺣﺮﻛﺘـــﻲ ( pereiopod ) ﺑﻮد ﻛﻪ در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﮕﻮ ﻃـﻮل carpus 2 ﺑﻠﻨـﺪﺗﺮ از ﻃﻮل merus 1 و palm 3 ﺑﻮد ﺷﻜﻞ -3 دم ﺑﺎد ﺑﺰﻧﻲ ( fan tail ) ﻛﻪ در اﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﻠﺴﻮن ( ﺷﻜﻞ 4 ) ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺘﻬﺎي ﭘﺎي دﻣﻲ ﻧﺮﺳﻴﺪه اﺳﺖ ,Cai and Nguyen .(2002 ) ﺷﻜﻞ 1 - ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺧﺎرﻫﺎي روي روﺳﺘﺮوم ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺖ : : ( M.. nipponens) ﺗﻌﻴـــﻴﻦ ﺟﻨﺴـــﻴﺖ در اﻳـــﻦ ﻣﻴﮕﻮﻫـــﺎ ﺑـــﺎ ﺗﺸـــﺨﻴﺺ زاﺋـــﺪه ﻋﻀــﻼﻧﻲ( appendix masculina ) ﺑــﺮ روي ﭘــﺎي داﺧﻠــﻲ ( endopod ) دوﻣــﻴﻦ ﭘــﺎي ﺷــﻨﺎي ﻣﻴﮕــﻮ ( pleopod ) ﺻــﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺟﻨﺲ ﻧﺮ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﮕﻮ داراي اﻳﻦ زاﺋﺪه ﻋﻀﻼﻧﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ و ﺟﻨﺲ ﻣـﺎد ه ﻓﺎﻗ ـﺪ آن اﺳـﺖ ( Dimmock, 2004 ) ﺑﻤﻨﻈـﻮر 165 ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺷﻴﻼت اﻳﺮان ﺳﺎل ﺑﻴﺴﺖ و دوم/ ﺷﻤﺎره /3 ﭘﺎﻳﻴﺰ 1392 ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪ ﺗﺸـﺨﻴﺺ ﺻـﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘـﻪ، ﺑﺎﻓـﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺳـﻲ ﮔﻨـﺎد ﺑﺮاﺳـﺎس (.ﺷﺪ ﺷﻜﻞ )6 )6 روﺷــﻬﺎي ﻣﻌﻤــﻮل ﺑﺎﻓــﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺳــﻲ ( Humason,1967) اﻧﺠــﺎم دو Interna Masculina Expod Endopod ( ﺟﻨﺲ ﻣﺎده ) ( ﺟﻨﺲ )ﻧﺮ )ﻧﺮ ﺷﻜﻞ 6 - ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ زاﺋﺪه ﻋﻀﻼﻧﻲ ( appendix masculina ) درروي دوﻣﻴﻦ ﭘﺎي ﺷﻨﺎ ﺷﻜﻞ 7 - ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ اﻧﺪازه ﻣﻴﮕﻮي ﻧﺮ وﻣﺎده ( M..nipponens) ١٦٦ ﺑﻨﺪاﻧﻲ و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران اوﻟﻴﻦ ﮔﺰارش ﻣﻴﮕﻮي Macrobrachium nipponense در ﺗﺎﻻب ﻫﺎي آﻻﮔﻞ،آﻟﻤﺎﮔﻞ وآﺟﻲ ﮔﻞ ووزن ﻣﻴﮕﻮﻫﺎي ﻧﺮ درﻫﺮ ﺳﻪ ﺗﺎﻻب ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ از ﻣﻴﮕﻮﻫﺎي ﻣﺎده ﺑﻮد . زﻳﺴﺖ ﺳﻨﺠﻲ: ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻌﺪا ﻣﻴﮕﻮي ﻧﺮ وﻣﺎده ﺻﻴﺪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ 2310 ﻋﺪد زﻳﺴﺖ ﺳﻨﺠﻲ ﻣﻴﮕﻮﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻛﻮﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﺎ دﻗﺖ 0/01 اﻧﺪازه و 1779 ﻋﺪد ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﻻب آﻟﻤﺎﮔﻞ ،ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻣﻴﮕﻮي ﻧﺮ ﮔﻴﺮي ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ . وزن ﻫﺮ ﻣﻴﮕﻮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮازوي دﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎل ﺑﺎ دﻗﺖ 0/01 وﻣﺎده 594 ﻋﺪد و 665 ﻋﺪد در ﺗﺎﻻب آﺟﻲ ﮔﻞ ﺻﻴﺪ ﮔﺮم اﻧﺪازه ﮔﻴﺮي ﺷﺪ( Mossolin & Bueno, 2002 ). .(ﺷﺪ ﺟﺪول )1 )1 ﻛﻮﭼﻜﺘﺮﻳﻦ وﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻃﻮل ووزن ﻣﻴﮕﻮﻫﺎي ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺷﺪه در دوﺟﻨﺲ ﻧﺮ وﻣﺎده ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﻻب آﺟﻲ ﮔﻞ ﺑﻮد . اﻧﺪازه ﻃﻮل ﺟﺪول 1 - ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﺑﻴﻮﻣﺘﺮي ﻣﻴﮕﻮي M. nipponense در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ///////////////////////////// ﻃﻮل ﻛﻞ ( ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ) ﻃﻮل ﻛﺎراﭘﺎس ( ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ) وزن ( ﮔﺮم) ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺖ اﻧﺤﺮاف ﻣﻌﻴﺎر± ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ اﻧﺤﺮاف ﻣﻌﻴﺎر± ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ اﻧﺤﺮاف ﻣﻌﻴﺎر± ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ- ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ- ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ- ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻣﺎده 3/9 ± /3 48 5/2 ± /5 13 1/1 ± 7/1 7/1 0/45 -6/1 2/7 -22 /1 22 /6 -82 /4 (1221 ) آﻻﮔﻞ ﻧﺮ /7 ±13 /3 59 1/3 ± /9 16 4/1 ± 15/3 15/3 0/12 -6/6 6/4 -21 /7 13 /7 -81 /2 (594 ) ﻣﺎده /8 ±12 /2 56 9/2 ± /3 15 2/1 ± 4/2 4/2 0/28 -8/8 7/2 -20 /5 17 /9 -85 /3 (1779 ) آﻟﻤﺎﮔﻞ ﻧﺮ /2 ±12 /2 64 4/3 ± /1 17 7/1 ± 3/3 3/3 0/18 -9/8 6/3-29 /3 4/2 -93 /8 (2310 ) ﻣﺎده /8 ±16 /1 56 7/3 ± /9 14 7/1 ± 55/2 55/2 0/16 -8/5 5/7 -23 /8 16 /5 -98 /5 (665 ) آﺟﻲ ﮔﻞ ﻧﺮ /7 ±12 /9 66 4/3 ± /8 17 8/1 ± 8/3 8/3 0/07 -11 /1 3/2 -25 /3 3/2-98 /7 (947 ) د a 100 b a b 80 a 80 b 60 60 40 40 ) ( ل ( ) 20 20 ) ( ل 0 0 ا ا ﺷﻜﻞ 8 - ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ اﻧﺪازه ﻃﻮل ﻛﻞ ﻣﻴﮕﻮي M. nipponense ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺖ در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ 167 ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺷﻴﻼت اﻳﺮان ﺳﺎل ﺑﻴﺴﺖ و دوم/ ﺷﻤﺎره /3 ﭘﺎﻳﻴﺰ 1392 ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻃﻮﻟﻲ ﻣﻴﮕﻮ ﻫﺎي ﺟﻨﺲ ﻧﺮ در ﺗﺎﻻب آﺟﻲ ﮔﻞ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺷﺪه در ﺗﺎﻻب ﻫﺎي اﺳـﺘﺎن ﮔﻠﺴـﺘﺎن از ﻣﺤـﺪوده ﻃـﻮﻟﻲ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻃـﻮﻟﻲ د ر دو ﺗـﺎﻻب دﻳﮕـﺮ اﺧـﺘﻼف ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮي ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ . ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻮدن ﻣﺤﺪوده ﻃﻮﻟﻲ در اﺳـﺘﺎن ﻣﻌﻨﻲ داري داﺷﺖ ( p <0/05) . ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻃﻮﻟﻲ ﺟﻨﺲ ﮔﻠ ﺴﺘﺎن ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ در ژاﭘﻦ، ﻋﺮاق و ﻣﺎده ﻧﻴﺰ در ﺗﺎﻻب آﻻﮔﻞ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑـﺎ دو ﺗـﺎﻻب دﻳﮕـﺮ ﺗﺎﻻب اﻧﺰﻟﻲ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻً در راﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺑﺰار ﺻﻴﺪ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ . ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ ﺑﻮدن اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﻲ داري داﺷﺖ ( p <0/05) .ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻃـﻮﻟﻲ ﺑـﺮاي ﻣﻴﮕﻮ ﻫﺎي ﺟﻨﺲ ﻧﺮ و ﻣﺎده در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿـﺮ ﻧﺴـﺒﺖ ﺑـﻪ ﻧﺘـﺎﻳﺞ ﺟﻨﺲ ﻧﺮ ﺑﻴﻦ دو ﺗـﺎﻻب آﻻﮔـﻞ وآﻟﻤﺎﮔـﻞ اﺧـﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨـﻲ داري ﺑﺮرﺳﻴﻬﺎي ژاﭘﻦ در ﺳﺎل 1980، ﺗﺎﻻب ﻫﺎي ﻛﺸﻮر ﻋﺮاق ﻣـﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ ( p <0 /05) . ( ﻧﻤﻮدار )8 ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ اﻛﻮﻟﻮژي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﻮده و در اﻳﻦ ﺧﺼﻮص درﺟﻪ ﺣـﺮارت، ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻣﻨﺪرج در ﺟﺪول 1 داﻣﻨﻪ ﻃﻮﻟﻲ M. nipponense ﭘــﻲ اچ و ﻫــﺪاﻳﺖ اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜــﻲ، ﻓﺮاواﻧــﻲ ﻣــﻮاد ﻏــﺬاﻳﻲ و ﺣﻀــﻮر ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻨﺲ ﻣﺎده در ﺳﻪ ﺗـﺎﻻب آﻟﻤﺎﮔـﻞ، آﻻﮔـﻞ و آﺟـﻲ ﮔـﻞ از ﻣﻮﺟﻮدات ﻣﺼﺮف ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﻣﻴﮕﻮ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬار ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ .. .. /5 98- 5/16 ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺑﻮد، ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻃﻮﻟ ﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ : : در آﻟﻤﺎﮔﻞ /8 12 ± /2 56 ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ و ﻛﻮﭼﻜﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻃـﻮﻟ ﻲ ﮔﺮﮔﻴﻦ، س – ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﺤﻤﺪي، ا . ( 1383 ). ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﮔﺰارش از 9/3 ± /3 48 ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ در ﺗﺎﻻب آﻻﮔﻞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ، ﺑﺮاي ﺟـﻨﺲ وﺟﻮد ﻣﻴﮕﻮي Macrobrachium nipponense در اﻳﺮان و ﻧﺮ اﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺪوده ﻃـﻮﻟﻲ /7 98- 2/3 ﻣﻴﻠـﻲ ﻣﺘـ ﺮ ﺑـﻮ د، ﺑﺰرﮔﺘـﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ آن ﺑﺎ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ Macrobrachium ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻃﻮﻟﻲ /7 12± /9 66 ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ و ﻛـﻮﭼﻜﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻴـﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ rosenbergii . ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﮔﻲ، 65: -59 57. ﻃﻮﻟﻲ /7 13± /3 59 ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﻮد . در در ﺧﺼﻮص ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻴـﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻃـﻮﻟﻲ ﻣﻴﮕـﻮي ﻧـﺮ، ﺷـﺎﻳﺪ ﻳﻜـﻲ از Cai, Y. and Nguyen, P. K. L., 2002 . The freshwater ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﮕﻮ ﻫﺎي ﻧﺮ ﭼ ﻮن واﺟﺪ :palaemonid prawns of Myanmar Crustacea ﭼﻨﮕﺎل ﻫﺎي ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮي ﻫﺴـﺘﻨﺪ ﺗﻮاﻧـﺎﻳﻲ ﺟﺴـﺘﺠﻮي ﻏـﺬاي آﻧﻬـﺎ . Decapoda: Caridea). Hydrobiologia 487 : 59-83 ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ از ﻣﺎده ﻫﺎ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﻣﺎده ﻫﺎ ﭼﻮن در ﻫﺮ ﺑﺎر ﺗﺨﻢ رﻳـﺰي ,.Chong, S.C.C., Khoo, H.W. and Ng, P.K.L ﭘﻮﺳﺖ اﻧﺪازي ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ، آﺳﻴﺐ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﺗﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ . ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤـﻴﻦ ﻋﻠـﺖ Presence of the Japanese freshwater. 1987 ﻣﻴﮕﻮ ﻫﺎي ﻧﺮ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮي داﺷﺘﻪ و ﺑﺰرگ ﺗـﺮ ﺑﻮدﻧـﺪ، ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌـﺎت prawn Macrobrachium nipponense (De ( ١٩٨١) Mashiko اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع را ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ . زﻳـﺮا اﻳﺸـﺎن (Haan,1849 )(Decapoda : Caridea:Palaemonidae اﻋﻼم ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺟﻨﺲ ﻧﺮ ﻣﻴﮕﻮي M. nipponense دو ﺳـﺎل inSingapore .Zooogische Mededelingen Leiden ﻳﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ از ﺟﻨﺲ ﻣﺎده ﻋﻤﺮ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ . 61:313-317 ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌـﺎت ﺻـﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘـﻪ ﺗﻮﺳـﻂ ( ١٩٥٠) De Grave, S and Ghane, A., 2006 . The ،Holthuis داﻣﻨــﻪ ﻃــﻮﻟﻲ M.nipponense در ژاﭘــﻦ 99-61 ﻣﻴﻠــﻲ ﻣﺘــﺮ ,establishment of the oriental river prawn ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪه و اﻳﺸﺎن در ﺳـﺎل 1980 ﺑﺰرﮔﺘـﺮﻳﻦ ﻃـﻮل را ﺑـﺮاي Macrobrachium nipponense (De Haan, 1849 ) in ﺟﻨﺲ ﻧ ﺮ 86 و ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻨﺲ ﻣﺎده 75 ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ ﮔﺰارش ﻛﺮد .
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