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Inter-Relation of Personality and Institution As Exemplified in the Membership of the Protestant Episcopal Church

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Inter-Relation of Personality and Institution As Exemplified in the Membership of the Protestant Episcopal Church INTER-RELATION OF PERSONALITY AND INSTITUTION AS EXEMPLIFIED IN THE MEMBERSHIP OF THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH BY Edwin George White A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Partial Fulfillment for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of Sociology Approved: Head of Major Depa] ment Dean of Graduate School Michigan State College 1934 ProQuest Number: 10008450 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10008450 Published by ProQuest LLC (2016). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 The writer desires to express his appreciation of suggestions and help given him by Dr. Eben Mumford, Dr. C. R. Hoffer, and Dr. J. F. Thaden, in the preparation of this thesis. INTER-RELATION OF PERSONALITY AND INSTITUTION AS EXEMPLIFIED IN THE MEMBERSHIP OF THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH. TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ------------------------------------- iii LIST OF FIGURES------------------------------------------- vi I. INTRODUCTION--------------------- 1 A. Purpose of thesis---------*------------- I B. Value to Sociology-------------------------- 2 C. Other studies-------------------------------- 4 D. Method and data— --------------------------- 5 E. Definition of terms------------------------- 8 1. Personality--------- ------------------- 8 2. Institution------------------------------ 13 3. Church---------------------------- 1? 4. Membership-------------------------------19 5. Inter-relation of Personality and Institution----------------------------- 25 F. Summary---------------------------- 28 II. HISTORY OF THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH--------- 31 A. Pre-Colonial period --------------------- 31 B. Colonial period------------------------ 38 C. Revolutionary period --------------------- 46 D. Post-Revolutionary period-------------------- 51 E. Summary--------------------------------------- 66 III. MEMBERSHIP AND PRESENT ORGANIZATION OF THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH-------------------------71 A. Membership-------------- 71 1. Number and distribution------- ---------* 71 2. Composition-------------- — ---------- — 88 a. Urban rural----------------— ------ 88 b. Age composition------------------- S7 c. Sex--------------------------- — — 102 d. Nationality----------- 103 3. Growth--------------------------------- 105 B. Method of Organization-------------*-------- 115 C. Clergy------- 120 1. Number and distribution --------- 120 2. Education---------- — ---- 123 3. Theory of Holy Orders ------------ -— 124 4. Monastic Orders------------------------ 125 D. Lay Workers---------- 126 E. Dioceses and Cathedrals----------- 131 ii. TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont'd.) F. Hospitals, Schools, etc.-------------------- 124 0. Finance-------------------------------------- 136 H. Summary----------— --------------------- 137 IV. INTER-EELAT ION OF THE INSTITUTIONAL CHARACTER­ ISTICS OF THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH AND ITS MEMBERSHIP----------- :----------------------------- 142 A. Its Nature as an Institution---------- 142 &. As a religious institution------------— 143 S. The Protestant Episcopal Church as part of the ancient Catholic Church---149 B. Outstanding Traits---------------------------151 1* Sacraments----------- 151 2. Book of Common Prayer------------------ 152 3. Ceremonial------------------------------ 162 4. Adaptability and Comprehensiveness-----170 5. Scholarship----------------------------- 176 C. Methods of Growth-------------------- 179 0. A Typical Protestant Episcopal Parish-------193 E. The Episcopal Church as a Social Institution in the Community -----------------------202 F. Summary -----------------------------------207 V. THE EPISCOPAL CHURCH AND LEADERSHIP--------- ------ 214 A. Number and Relative Importance of Epis­ copalians in Uho's Who----------------------216 B. Place of Birth------ :----------- 221 C. Place of Residence of Episcopalian Leaders-224 D. Sex and Age Composition— -------- 227 E. Occupations of Episcopalian Notable Men-----229 F. Marital Condition and Number of Children--- 231 G. Education------- 234 H. Summary-------------------------------------- 238 VI. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION ---------- — --------- 241 BIBLIOGRAPHY- 246 iii. LIST OF TABLES TABLE PAGE I CALCULATION OF THE WHITE POPULATION AND OF THE VAHIOUS RELIGIOUS PERSUASIONS ON THE CONTINENT OF NORTH AMERICA AS TRANSMITTED TO THE BISHOP OF LONDON IN 1761. 47 II MEMBERSHIP OF THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH, BY STATES, ARRAYED IN DESCENDING ORDER (1926). 74 III PER CENT OF MEMBERSHIP IN THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH TO TOTAL MEMBERSHIP AND PER CENT OF POPULATION TO TOTAL POPULATION IN CERTAIN STATES (1926) 75 IV RATIO OF COMMUNICANTS OF THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH TO POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES PER THOUSAND, SINCE 1830. 77 V RATIO OF PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL MEMBERS TO POPULATION BY STATES, 1926, IN DESCENDING ORDER. 79 VI THREE-FOLD DIVISION OF STATES ARRANGED BY GEOGRAPHICAL DIVISIONS REGARDING PROPORTION OF MEMBERSHIP IN PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH TO TOTAL POPULATION. 80 VII TRAINING OF MINISTERS OF SOUTHERN BAPTIST, METHODIST EPISCOPAL SOUTH, AND PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL DENOMINATIONS IN EAST AND WEST SOUTH CENTRAL STATES, 1926. 84 VIII PERCENTAGE OF ENGLISH AMONG FOREIGN-BORN IN THE UNITED STATES. 86 IX PERCENTAGE OF UPBAN POPULATION TO TOTAL POPULATION, BY STATES, IN DESCENDING ORDER, COMPARED WITH URBAN MEMBERSHIP IN ALL CHURCffi :s, AND URBAN MEMBERSHIP IN THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH, 1926. 91 X NUMBER OF CHURCHES CARED FOR PER MINISTER IN URBAN AND RURAL PARISHES AND MISSIONS OF THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH, 1926. 92 List of Tables (cont'd.) TABLE PAGE XI PERCENTAGE OF ADULT POPULATION COMPARED WITH ADULT MEMBERSHIP IN ALL CHURCHES AND IN THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH, BY STATES, 1936. 99 XII FORMER RELIGIOUS TRAINING OF PERSONS CON­ FIRMED RECENTLY BY BISHOPS OF THE PROTESTANT EPISCORAL CHURCH. 107 XIII POSSIBLE ACCESSION TO EPISCOPAL CHURCH FROM OTHER DENOMINATIONS ON THE RATIO OF ONE PER HUNDRED THOUSAND MEMBERS IN DESCENDING SCALE. 108 XIV RELIGIOUS TRAINING OF PERSONS CONFIRMED IN THE DIOCESE OF WESTERN MICHIGAN FOR YEARS 1910-1933. 110 XV RELIGIOUS TRAINING OF PERSONS CONFIRMED IN THE DIOCESE OF MICHIGAN} 1936-1930. Ill XVI TOTAL CHURCH MEMBERSHIP IN TERRITORY COVERED BY DIOCESES OF MICHIGAN AND WESTERN MICHIGAN, PARTICULARLY OF SEVEN DENOMINATIONS (1936). Ill XVII NUMBER OF PERSONS CONFIRMED IN THE DIOCESES OF MICHIGAN AND WESTERN MICHIGAN IN THE YEAR 1936 WHO RECEIVED THEIR RELIGIOUS TRAINING IN DENOMINATIONS OTHER THAN THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH, WITH RATIO TO TOTAL NUMBER OF MEMBERS IN THEIR RESPECTIVE DENOMINATIONS RESIDENT IN THE COUNTIES COM­ PRISING THE TERRITORY INCLUDED IN THESE DIOCESES. 118 XVIII NUMBER CONFIRMED IN DIOCESE OF MICHIGAN AND WESTERN MICHIGAN DURING THE FIVE YEARS 1936-1930, COMING FROM OTHER RELIGIOUS BODIES AND THE RATIO TO TOTAL CHURCH MEMBERSHIP IN THOSE DENOMINATIONS IN LOWER MICHIGAN IN 1936. 113 XIX DISTRIBUTION OF PROTESTANT EFISCOFAL CLERGY AND THEIR PROPORTION TO MEMBERSHIP BY GEOGRAPHICAL DIVISIONS (1936). 131 XX TRAINING OF CLERGY OF THE PROTESTANT EPIS­ COPAL CHURCH COMPARED WITH THAT OF TWENTY- ONE DENOMINATIONS (1936). 133 List of Tables (cont'd.) TABLE PAGE XXI FAMILY’BACKGROUND REGARDING MEMBERSHIP IN THE EPISCOPAL CHURCH IN THE CASE OF FORTY- FIVE PERSONS. 181 XXII RELIGIOUS AFFILIATION OF PERSONS MENTIONED IN WHO'S WHO AND RATIO PER 100,000 ADULT CHURCH MEMBERS (13 YEARS AND OVER) BY DENOMINATIONS. 217 XXIII MEN AND WOMEN IN WHO'S WHO ACCORDING TO RELIGIOUS AFFILIATION AND SHOWING RATE PER 100,000 MEMBERS OF DENOMINATIONS ENUMERATED. 220 XXIV RANKING OF STATES IN ORDER OF PRODUCTION OF EMINENT EPISCOPALIANS COMPARED WITH PRO­ DUCTION OF ALL EMINENT PERSONS, AS FOUND IN WHO'S WHO. 223 XXV SIZE OF PLACE IN WHICH EPISCOPALIANS IN WHO'S WHO WERE BORN COMPARED WITH ALL IN WHO'S TOO. 224 XXVI COMPARISON BETWEEN EPISCOPALIANS AND ALL OTHERS IN WHO'S WHO AND THE TOTAL POPULATION IN THE MATTER OF MIGRATION IN CERTAIN STATES. 225 XXVII STATES OF RESIDENCE OF EPISCOPALIANS IN WHO'S WHO, COMPARED WITH ALL IN WHO'S WHO. 226 XXVIII SIZE OF PLACE IN WHICH EMINENT EPISCOPALIANS RESIDE, WITH COMPARISON IN PERCENTAGE TO ALL IN WHO'S WHO. 227 XXIX AGES OF EPISCOPALIAN MEN AND WOMEN IN 'WHO'S WHO, AND MEN AND WOMEN GENERALLY IN 'WHO'S WHO. 229 XXX OCCUPATIONS OF EPISCOPALIAN MEN COMPARED WITH ALL OTHER MALE LEADERS LISTED IN WHO'S WHO. 231 XXXI MARITAL CONDITION OF EPISCOPALIAN MEN AND WOMEN IN WHO'S WHO COMPARED WITH ALL IN WHO'S WHO. 232 XXXII EXTENT OF EDUCATION OF EPISCOPALIANS IN WHO'S WHO COMPARED WITH TOTAL. 235 XXXIII NUMBER OF EPISCOPALIAN MALE LEADERS AND OTHER MEN IN WHO'S WHO GRADUATING FROM CERTAIN UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES. 237 LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE FACE I PERCENTAGE OF EPISCOPALIANS TO POPULATION (1926). 80a II PERCENTAGE OF EPISCOPALIANS AND MEMBERS OF ALL OTHER CHURCHES, BY STATES (1926). 86a III PERCENTAGE OF URBAN AND RURAL MEMBERSHIP IN THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH. (1926) 95a IV NATIONAL ORGANIZATION OF THE PROTESTANT EPISCOFAL CHURCH. 117a V PERSONALITY-INSTITUTION RELATIONSHIPS. 146a VI PEDIGREE OF THE PROTESTANT EFISCOPAL CHURCH.
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