Vincent Zapletal and the Question of the Modernization
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Church and Theology in the Modernist Crisis
CHURCH AND THEOLOGY IN THE MODERNIST CRISIS The first task that our subject presents us with is one of definition. According to the encyclical Pascendí dominici gregis published by Pius X in September 1907, modernism is a coherent system. Although it manifests itself in a variety of spheres and disciplines, the key to its strength and its destructiveness is its philosophy. Its two basic doctrines are "agnosticism" and "vital immanence." Their implica- tions count for most of what is distinctive in modernist theology, history, biblical criticism and apologetics. What helps to make the proponents of this system "the most pernicious of all the adversaries of the Church'" is the fact that they operate not outside but within the community of faith. They include priests and members of religious orders and they present themselves to the unwary as Church reformers. They claim to form no coherent movement but to be responding as conscientious individuals to con- temporary needs and scholarly developments. In fact, however, the encyclical ar- gues, their theories consist "in a closely connected whole, so that it is not possible to admit one without admitting all." The system represents "the synthesis of all heresies." It means "the destruction not of the Catholic religion alone, but of all religion."2 There can be no doubt about the seriousness with which the authors of the en- cyclical view the movement. It threatens "to destroy the vital energy of the Church" and "to subvert the very Kingdom of Christ."3 The pope's pastoral re- sponsibilities and in particular his task of guarding the deposit of faith do not allow him to remain silent. -
The Review and Expositor
THE REVIEW AND EXPOSITOR Vol. XIII. October, 1916 No.4. SOME DETACHED PAGES FROM THE SECRET HISTORY OF MODERNISM WITHIN THE PRECINCTS OF THE VATICAN. By PROFESSOR GENNARO SACCARDI, ROME. The history of the Holy See and of the church should be written with absolute truth on the only just and im perishable principle that the historica veritas ought to be supreme, of which we have a divine example in Holy Writ, where the sins, even of Saints, are as openly recorded as the wickedness of sinners.-Leo. XIII. The Roman Catholic organs have already entirely ceased to occupy themselves with the erstwhile all-en grossing subject of Modernism. A profound silence has succeeded profuse inky and verbal dissertations as to the true significance of the term "Modernism," interpreted by some as a sacrilegious attempt to undermine the divine principles of Christianity, whilst to others on the con trary it synthetised the expurgation of these same prin ciples and gave birth to the hope that the resurrection of the ossified organism of the Roman Catholic church was finally at hand. There are those who declare emphatically that Mod ernism is dead, crushed by the iron hand of Pius X, rep resented on one of the medals struck annually in the Vatican, as the hammer of Modernism. Others again, Downloaded from rae.sagepub.com at The University of Iowa Libraries on July 22, 2015 432 Some Detached Pages from the Secret History of the more thoughtful, know the fire is only smouldering, and that the sleeping flame will burst forth again with renewed strength and vigor and with its fiery tongues wreak ruin and desolation in the Roman Curia. -
The Holy See in the International Theoretical (Or Theological) Marketplace.* James G
The Church-State(s) Problem: The Holy See in the International Theoretical (or theological) Marketplace.* James G. Cussen Abstract Blink, and one might miss the Holy See on the international plane, although it hides in plain sight. With accredited diplomatic representatives from 180 countries, the Holy See enjoys widespread recognition of its perhaps idiosyncratic sovereignty claims. These claims are the jump-off point for this paper; the tangled legal skein they represent notwithstanding, there is no compelling argument to exclude Holy See from the International System. In parsing the well-rehearsed arguments against Holy See sovereignty (i.e. its capacity to conduct international relations at all) we find that, rather, it is more the case of competing meta-narratives with at least equally questionable sets of assumptions. In the blue corner, the historically contingent reality of the 'Westphalian' secular world order; and in the red corner, the historically subversive Kingdom of God. It is a matter of reclaiming the term 'subversive', of course – it is heavily leaden by the 'is-ought' problem. Students of International Relations [IR] are subjected frequently to an account of the development of International Society which situates the 'secular breakwater' in 1648, at the end of the Thirty Years' War in post-Reformation Germany Religion abided, and did not 'resurge' after September 11th 2001. Religion, in fact, had been, and continued to be instrumentalised by the same state-system that claimed to deprecate religion as inherently destabilising. Colonial contexts were rife with Protestant providentialism married to laissez-faire Capitalism after a Weberian fashion. Catholicism, likewise, was instrumentalised against Communism there and in Europe after 1848. -
Documents from the Vatican Secret Archives Concerning the Pontificate of Benedict XV the Positiones of the Consistorial Congregation
Le pontificat romain dans l’époque contemporaine The Papacy in the Contemporary Age sous la direction de | edited by Giovanni Vian Documents from the Vatican Secret Archives Concerning the Pontificate of Benedict XV The Positiones of the Consistorial Congregation Alejandro M. Dieguez (Archivio Segreto Vaticano, Città del Vaticano, Italia) Abstract This brief overview sheds light on certain aspects of Benedict XV’s pontificate: the condi- tions of dioceses and the bishops’ pastoral governance; the monitoring of religious practices and the particular needs of specific regions and nations; and the supervision of disciplinary matters regarding preaching and the clergy’s participation in politics or social life (i.e. dancing parties or membership at associations such as the Knights of Columbus). Through a review of primary sources, this contribu- tion demonstrates a growing attention toward the non-European world manifested by the Church’s concern for emigrants as well as through an interest in Protestant proselytism. Furthermore, specific records indicate a gradual process of modernization taking place within the Church: for example, the projection of films in churches or the clergy’s use of modern means of transportation. Summary 1 Introductory Remarks – 1.1 The Activities of the Consistorial Congregation According to the Areas of Its Competence. – 1.2 The Personal Positions and the Scrupulous Search for Suitable Candidates for the Episcopacy. – 1.3 The Positions on the State of the Dioceses and on the Pastoral Governance of the Bishops. -
Missionary Activities and American Nationalism
Paper ACHA 2.1.2015 Vefie Poels 1. Missionary Activities and American Nationalism On November 11, 1919, a committee of five American bishops, led by Archbishop Henry Moeller of Cincinnati, sent a letter to the Apostolic Delegate in Washington Giovanni Bonzano.1 They proposed to improve the missionary work in the United States by creating an American Board of Catholic Missions. Its aim would be to model and coordinate the missionary work of both home and foreign missions, making them more efficient.2 Bonzano sent the letter to the Prefect of Propaganda Fide, the Dutch Cardinal Willem Marinus van Rossum.3 Van Rossum received the bishops’ proposal with mixed feelings. While he was pleased with the increased attention and commitment to missionary activity in the United States, the proposal upset his own plans to establish a universal, supra-national organization for the foreign missions that he hoped would give missionary work a sound financial and structural footing. His idea was to make the long-existing Propagation de la Foi its flagship and move its centre to Rome. This French lay entity, which had existed for almost a century, had served the missions well, but in the American proposal, it would be incorporated into the American Board, which van Rossum believed would be a hastening of its demise in the United States. 1 Henry K. Moeller (1849-1925) became in 1904 archbishop of Cincinnati and had a German-American background. Giovanni Bonzano (1867-1927), was Apostolic Delegate to the United States from 1912 to 1922. 2 ASCPF, NS, vol. 729, f. -
The Politics of Heresy'
The Politics of Heresy' Lester R. Kurtz University of Texas at Austin Heresy and orthodoxy, it is argued here, are two aspects of the social process within which belief systems are defined and articulated. A number of characteristics of heresy are outlined: it is both near and remote at the same time, and the heretic is a deviant insider. Heresy has social origins but in turn influences social arrangements. The heresy hunt, in which heresy is labeled and heretics are suppressed, serves as an anxiety-relieving ritual for institutional elites and facili- tates their dominance within the institution, A case study of heresy, the "modernist controversy" in Roman Catholicism, is examined as one of the most important events in early modern culture and an im- portant aspect of the conflict between science and religion. History is one long, desperate retching, and the only thing humanity is fit for is the Inquisition. [Msgr. Umherto Benigni] Belief systems cannot be fully comprehended without some attention to the heresies which have emerged from within them. The role of heresy in the formation of orthodoxy is central, and yet heresy is little understood by sociologists. Beliefs are most clearly and systematically articulated when they are formed via negativa. The boundaries of what is true and accept- able are marked out through a systematic identification of what is false and unacceptable. What people do not believe is often more clearly defined than what they do believe, and it is through battles with heresies and heretics that orthodoxy is most sharply delineated. Definitions of heresy are also crucial in the maintenance and transfor- mation of social institutions. -
American Ultramontanism Patricia Byrne, Cs J
Theological Studies 56 (1995) AMERICAN ULTRAMONTANISM PATRICIA BYRNE, CS J. Trinity College, Hartford, Connecticut ENERALLY TREATED as a European phenomenon,1 ultramontanism G has significantly shaped Catholic culture and theology in the United States. American Catholics, no less than European, trained their vision across the Alps; for them too, the life of the Church issued from Rome. Uninvolved in political aspects of ultramontanism, Amer icans were nevertheless true cultural ultramontanes, devout propo nents of its ethos.2 The ultramontane temper affected church life in the United States from workings of the hierarchy to details of the Catholic home, where a devotional revolution shaped patterns of prayer and religious sensibility from the middle of the 19th century until the dawn of Vatican Π. That milieu, which many older Catholics remem ber as "traditional," was intimately connected with a specific and very Roman understanding of Church, one that came to be synonymous with "Catholic."3 The neo-ultramontane environment was a product of the 19th cen tury and differed significantly from its predecessor of the same name.4 1 Umberto Benigni, "Ultramontanism," in The Catholic Encyclopedia 15 (1912) 125; Mary O'Callaghan, R.S.C.J., <<Ultramontanism," in New Catholic Encyclopedia 14 (1967) 380; for longer treatments see Roger Aubert, Le pontificat de Pie IX, vol. 21 of Histoire de l'Eglise, ed. Augustin Fliehe and Victor Martin (Paris: Bloud & Gay, 1963) 262-310; idem, "La géographie ecclésiologique au XIXe siècle," in M. Nédoncelle et al., L'ecclési ologie au XIXe siècle (Paris: Cerf, 1960) 11-55; John P. Boyle, "The Ordinary Magiste- rium: Towards a History of the Concept," Heythrop Journal 20 (1979) 380-98,21 (1980) 14-29; Yves Congar, O.P., "L'ecclésiologie de la Révolution française au Concile du Vatican, sous la signe de l'affirmation de l'authorité," in L'ecclésiologie au XIXe siècle 77-114; Richard F. -
Pastor's Meanderings 6 – 7 October 2018 Twenty-Seventh Sunday Ordinary Time
PASTOR’S MEANDERINGS 6 – 7 OCTOBER 2018 TWENTY-SEVENTH SUNDAY ORDINARY TIME (B) This coming Thursday evening, 11 October St. Stephen, Martyr will be hosting one of the Regional Mass for Atonement for Victims of Abuse. In accordance with the Diocese’s directives the evening will begin with a dinner and a Listening Session for designated representatives of selected parishes and schools meeting with His Excellency Bishop Knestout. This will run from 5:00 to 7:00 p.m. and will be held in the Commons of the church. Once this program starts no one will be admitted to the Commons. Following the dinner and Listening Session, the Bishop will celebrate Mass beginning at 7:30 p.m. All are invited and encouraged to attend this liturgy to pray as a community of faith and to hear the comments of His Excellency. If you arrive early for Mass you will be directed around the building to the side doors, those on the cemetery side of the church for access to the worship space. Since this is the Month of the Rosary; while awaiting the beginning of Mass this could be an appropriate time to pray the rosary for healing of those who have suffered from abuse as well as for the cleansing of the Church. SUNDAY REFLECTION Let us accept the vocation we have at the moment be it marriage, the single state, widowhood, single parenthood. Let us pray for marriage fidelity in our country, as we reflect on this gift of God to humanity. Father, You created man and woman in love to share Your divine life. -
Confronting Anti-Semitism in Catholic Theology After the Holocaust Carolyn Wesnousky Connecticut College, [email protected]
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by DigitalCommons@Connecticut College Connecticut College Digital Commons @ Connecticut College History Honors Papers History Department 1-1-2012 “Under the Very Windows of the Pope”: Confronting Anti-Semitism in Catholic Theology after the Holocaust Carolyn Wesnousky Connecticut College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.conncoll.edu/histhp Recommended Citation Wesnousky, Carolyn, "“Under the Very Windows of the Pope”: Confronting Anti-Semitism in Catholic Theology after the Holocaust" (2012). History Honors Papers. Paper 15. http://digitalcommons.conncoll.edu/histhp/15 This Honors Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the History Department at Digital Commons @ Connecticut College. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Honors Papers by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Connecticut College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The views expressed in this paper are solely those of the author. “Under the Very Windows of the Pope”: Confronting Anti-Semitism in Catholic Theology after the Holocaust An Honors Thesis Presented by Carolyn Wesnousky To The Department of History In partial fulfillment of the requirements for Honors in the Major Field Connecticut College New London, Connecticut April 26, 2012 1 Table of Contents Introduction……………………………………………………...…………..4 Chapter 1: Living in a Christian World......…………………….….……….15 Chapter 2: The Holocaust Comes to Rome…………………...…………….49 Chapter 3: Preparing the Ground for Change………………….…………...68 Chapter 4: Nostra Aetate before the Second Vatican Council……………..95 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………110 Appendix……………………………………………..……………………114 Bibliography………………………………………………………………..117 2 Acknowledgements As much as I would like to claim sole credit for the effort that went into creating this paper, I need to take a moment and thank the people without whom I never would have seen its creation. -
H-Diplo ROUNDTABLE XXI-26
H-Diplo ROUNDTABLE XXI-26 Giuliana Chamedes. A Twentieth-Century Crusade: The Vatican’s Battle to Remake Christian Europe. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2019. ISBN: 9780674983427 (hardcover, $39.95/€36.00) 3 February 2020 | https://hdiplo.org/to/RT21-26 Roundtable Editor: Diane Labrosse | Production Editor: George Fujii Contents Introduction by Samuel Moyn, Yale University ...........................................................................................................................................................................2 Review by Elizabeth Foster, Tufts University ................................................................................................................................................................................4 Review by Charles R. Gallagher, S.J., Boston College ...............................................................................................................................................................7 Review by David I. Kertzer, Brown University ...........................................................................................................................................................................11 Review by John T. McGreevy, University of Notre Dame .................................................................................................................................................14 Response by Giuliana Chamedes .....................................................................................................................................................................................................18 -
Dark Mysteries of the Vatican Dark Mysteries of the Vatican
Dark Mysteries of the Vatican Dark Mysteries of the Vatican H. Paul Jeffers CITADEL PRESS Kensington Publishing Corp. www.kensingtonbooks.com To Jennifer and Mark Nisbit For there is nothing hid, which shall not be made manifest: neither was it made secret, but that it may come abroad. —Jesus Christ (Matthew 4:22) Contents Introduction Keys to the Kingdom 1 Thou Shalt Not Read 2 The Truth About the Templars 3 Vatican Treasures 4 Naughty Priests 5 Murder in Holy Orders 6 The Mystery of the Pope’s Banker 7 From Russia with Malice 8 Opus Dei: The Pope’s Cult 9 The Papacy and the Nazis 10 Spooks and Rats 11 A Fit of Madness 12 Vatican Espionage 13 The Devil, You Say 14 Myths, Rumors, and Presidents 15 And God Created Aliens 16 The Vatican and the End of the World Vatican Library Chronology Vatican Archives Chronology The Popes Chinon Parchment The Lateran Treaty of 1929 (excerpts) Further Reading Index Dark Mysteries of the Vatican Introduction: Keys to the Kingdom Almost from the moment Jesus Christ changed the fisherman Simon’s name to Peter and gave him the keys to the kingdom of Heaven, the religion that was built in Christ’s name began keeping secrets out of necessity. Deemed by the Roman emperors to be dangerous, Christians literally went underground by gathering to worship in catacombs and caves. They came up with secret hand signals, symbols, and other signs of recognition and means of communication to avoid detection and persecution. From its outset, Christianity was a religion of secrets.