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Thailand 2015 Global School - Based Student Health Survey Thailand 2015 Global School-Based Student Health Survey Thailand 2015 Global School - Based Student Health Survey Thailand 2015 Global School-Based Student Health Survey ISBN: 978-92-9022-632-1 © World Health Organization 2017 Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes, provided the work is appropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that WHO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the WHO logo is not permitted. If you adapt the work, then you must license your work under the same or equivalent Creative Commons licence. 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The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by WHO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by WHO to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall WHO be liable for damages arising from its use. Cover design credit: Mr. Tom Star TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 8 1.1 Country demographics 8 1.2 Importance of health issues of children and adolescents in public health 8 1.3 Policy and programmes on health of children and adolescents 9 CHAPTER 2: OBJECTIVES 11 2.1 Global objectives 11 2.2 Country-specific objectives 11 CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY 12 3.1 Questionnaire 12 3.2 Sampling design 12 3.3 Data collection 13 3.4 Data analysis 13 CHAPTER 4: RESULTS 14 4.1 Demographic 14 4.2 Dietary behaviour 15 4.3 Hygiene 17 4.4 Violence and unintentional injury 18 4.5 Mental health 20 4.6 Tobacco use 21 4.7 Alcohol and drug use 22 4.8 Sexual behaviour 24 4.9 Physical activity 25 4.10 Protective factors 26 CHAPTER 5: DISCUSSION 28 5.1 Discussion of survey findings 28 5.2 Comparison with 2008 GSHS 32 5.3 Limitations of the 2015 GSHS 33 CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION 34 CHAPTER 7: RECOMMENDATIONS 35 CHAPTER 8: REFERENCES 36 ANNEXES Annex 1: Questionnaire in English 38 Annex 2: Questionnaire in Thai 53 Annex 3: List of Steering Committee Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) in Thailand, 2015 71 Annex 4: List of Report working group Global School- based Student Health Survey (GSHS) in Thailand, 2015 72 Annex 5: Factsheet 73 Thailand 2015 Global School-Based Student Health Survey 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The Thailand Global School-Based Student Health Survey, 2015 was conducted with the support of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United States Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, as well as that of advisors from the Steering Committee, comprising internal and external executives and experts from the Ministry of Public Health. Moreover, the survey was conducted in collaboration with public health officials from the Provincial Health Offices in the targeted provinces. We would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere gratitude to them for the arrangements they made for us. This report is based on the 2015 GSHS findings in Thailand. The report was prepared by the following staff of the School Age and Youth Health Group, Bureau of Health Promotion, Department of Health: Dr. Kitti Larpsombatsiri, Chief; Ms. Chanakarn Danvanakijcharoen, Public Health Technical Officer, Senior professional level; and Ms. Ornuma Poksombut, Public Health Technical Officer, Professional level. We would like to thank our colleagues in the WHO headquarters, Regional Office for South-East Asia and the WHO Country Office, Thailand; Ms Leanne Riley, Dr Thaksaphon Thamarangsi, Dr Manju Rani, Mr Naveen Agarwal, Dr Nima Asgari-Jirhandeh, Dr Renu Garg and Dr Sushera Bunluesin for the technical assistance they provided us throughout this project, including in the preparation and printing of the report. Our sincere thanks also to the colleagues from the Division of Adolescent and School Health, CDC; Denise Bradford, Laura Kann, Connie Lim, Tim McManus, and Yoshimi Yamakawa, who provided technical assistance on research methodology and data analysis. Last but not least, we would like to express our sincere appreciation of the dedication and hard work of our partners from the Ministry of Education, both at the central and regional levels, which lent us technical and management support during the conduct of the survey. We are also grateful to all the schools and the teachers and students who gave us their valuable time and participated in this survey. Department of Health 4 Thailand 2015 Global School-Based Student Health Survey EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction The Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) is a collaborative surveillance project developed by WHO in collaboration with UNICEF, UNESCO and UNAIDS, and with technical assistance from the United States Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC). The GSHS was designed to help countries measure and assess the behavioural risk factors and protective factors among students of the age of 13–17 years. Recognizing the importance of gathering such information, Thailand conducted its first GSHS in 2008. This report contains the details of the second round of the GSHS, carried out in 2015 by the Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand with the financial and technical support of the CDC and WHO. The aim of the 2015 GSHS was to explore the current situation of health behaviours and protective factors among students between grades 7 and 12 in Thailand. The survey topics included dietary behaviour, hygiene, violence and unintentional Injury, mental health, the use of tobacco, alcohol and drugs, sexual behaviour, physical activity and protective factors. Methodology The survey employed a two-stage cluster sample design to produce a representative sample of students between the ages of 13 and 17 years in grades 7–12. The first-stage sampling frame consisted of all public and private schools offering education from grades 7 to 12. The second stage of sampling consisted of randomly selecting intact classrooms (using a random start) from each school. All students in the sampled classrooms were eligible to participate in the GSHS. A total of 5894 students completed the questionnaire by themselves in 63 schools. The school response rate was 98%, the student response rate was 90%, and the overall response rate was 89%. Results The sample group comprised a total of 5894 students studying i n grades 7–12. Of these, 2528 were males (47.1%) and 3335 were females (52.9%). Of the total number of students, 4990 (85.2%) were of the age of 13–17 years. • Dietary behaviour – Overall, 17.1% of the students were overweight; the sex-wise break-up being 22% of the male students and 12.9% of the female students. Overall, 5.8% of the students were obese, the prevalence being significantly higher among the male (8.9%) than the female (3.2%) students. Overall, 56.1% of the students consumed carbonated soft drinks on a regular basis; the sex-wise break-up being 58.7% of the male students and 53.8% of the female students. On the whole, 54.7% of the students often dined at fast food restaurants. • Hygiene – Overall, 94.9% of the students cleaned or brushed their teeth one or more times a day, the figures for male and female students being 91.7% and 97.9%, respectively. As for washing their hands before eating and after using the toilet, 15.7% and 6.4% of the students, respectively, reported that they never or rarely did so.
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