Establishing Integrated Forest Policies to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation at the District Level
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Establishing Integrated Forest Policies to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation at the District Level The District of Musi Rawas, South Sumatra April 2011 Dialogue. Insight. Solutions. CENTER FOR CLEAN AIR POLICY CENTER FOR CLEAN AIR Center for Clean Air Policy ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report was prepared by a team from Carbon and Environmental Research Indonesia (CER Indonesia) in Bogor, Indonesia. The team included Dr. Rizaldi Boer, Dr. Lala Kolopaking, Dr. Bramasto Nugroho, Muhammad Ridwan, Delon Marthinus, Syahrina Anggraini, Ari Suharto, and M. Iqbal Bana. Matthew Ogonowski of the Center for Clean Air Policy (CCAP) also contributed to the report. Editing and review of the document was provided by the CCAP team. The authors would like to thank Dr. Nur Masripatin of the Forestry Research and Development Agency (FORDA) at the Indonesian Ministry of the Forestry, and the members of the Musi Rawas District Government and the REDD Working Group, for the support and information provided. The authors also wish to express their gratitude to CCAP, the main sponsor of this report, and especially to Ned Helme, William Whitesell, Matthew Ogonowski, Sally Schlichting, Diana Movius, Anmol Vanamali, Marielle Walter, Ashley Lowe and Saba Raza. The authors would like to thank Øyvind Dahl and the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (Norad) for their generous financial support for the project. For avoidance of any doubt and for the purpose of clarity, the authors wish to state that this report is based on an independent study, and the contents of the report reflect their views and not necessarily the views of the Indonesian or Norwegian governments. The report and results are subject to further refinement. TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................... i 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Project Background ................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Indonesia Project Overview.................................................................................... 2 1.3 Goals and Objectives .............................................................................................. 3 1.4 Report Structure ...................................................................................................... 4 2. Overview of Musi Rawas District ................................................................................ 5 2.1 Geographic Condition ............................................................................................ 5 2.2 Land Use and Forest Cover .................................................................................... 5 2.3 Population ............................................................................................................... 6 2.4 Land Ownership System ......................................................................................... 6 2.5 Source of Income .................................................................................................... 7 3. GHG Emissions, Deforestation, and Forest Degradation in Musi Rawas .................... 9 3.1 Historical Emissions from Land Use Change and Potential Future Emissions in Musi Rawas .................................................................................................................. 9 3.2 Drivers and Rate of Deforestation and Forest Degradation ................................... 9 3.3 Forest Management System ................................................................................. 10 4. District-Level Capacity and Institution Building for REDD+ Implementation ......... 12 4.1 Musi Rawas District Government: Background ................................................... 12 4.2 The Process of Establishing the REDD Working Group ..................................... 15 4.3 Current Institutional Capacity for Monitoring Carbon Stock and Land Use Cover Change ........................................................................................................................ 16 4.4 Development of Institutional Capacity for Monitoring Carbon Stock and Land Use Cover Change ...................................................................................................... 19 4.5 Development of the Forest Management Unit to Support the Implementation of REDD in Musi Rawas District ................................................................................... 21 5. Strategies for Implementing a REDD Program in Musi Rawas District .................... 28 5.1 REDD+ Implementation under the Context of Regional Development ............... 28 5.2 Policy Strategy and Program for Institutional Development to Support REDD+ Implementation Leading to Low Carbon Development ............................................. 28 5.3 Implementation ..................................................................................................... 29 5.4 Financing .............................................................................................................. 31 5.5 Indicators to Measure the Success of Low Emission Development ..................... 33 6. REDD Demonstration Activities ................................................................................ 34 6.1 Demonstration Activity 1: Reduced Deforestation and Forest Degradation through Integrated Coconut Utilization and Ecotourism in the Buffer Area of Bukit Cogong Protection Forest (HLBC) .......................................................................................... 34 6.2 Demonstration Activity 2: Reducing Deforestation and Forest Degradation through Intensive Agroforestry & Microhydro Activity in Kerinci Seblat National Park (KSNP) ............................................................................................................... 40 6.3 Demonstration Activity 3: Development of a Community Rubber Plantation to Reduce Threats to the Kerinci Seblat Conservation Forest and Increase the Carbon Sink in the Ulu Terawas Sub-District ......................................................................... 45 6.4 Demonstration Activity 4. Development of Community Timber Plantation to Enhance Carbon Sequestration and Community Participation in Forest Management at Lakitan Sub-District ............................................................................................... 45 7. Co-benefits of REDD Implementation ....................................................................... 47 8. Local and National Lessons ........................................................................................ 49 8.1 Local Implications of the Project.......................................................................... 49 8.2 National Implications of the Project ..................................................................... 51 9. Conclusions and Recommendations ........................................................................... 52 References ...................................................................................................................... 54 Appendix 1: Summary of REDDI Feasibility Study for Musi Rawas District .............. 55 Appendix 2: Minutes of the Meeting of the Seminar on Community Based Rural Development ................................................................................................................... 57 Appendix 3: Training on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) for RWG of Musi Rawas, 20 – 21 March 2010 .......................... 58 Appendix 4: Regent Decree No. 228/KPTS/BAPPEDA/2010 on the Establishment of the Implementation Coordination Team for Reduction Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation Program in the District of Musi Rawas ............................................... 61 Appendix 5: Integrated Coconut Utilization and Ecotourism in the Buffer Area of the Bukit Cogong Protection Forest ..................................................................................... 65 Appendix 6: Intensive Agroforestry Activity and Development of Microhydro in Kerinci Seblat National Park (KSNP) – Musi Rawas Area............................................ 70 Appendix 7: Final Workshop at Musi Rawas, July 20, 2010 ......................................... 73 List of Figures: Figure 1: Map of Musi Rawas District ............................................................................. 5 Figure 2: Land Cover of Musi Rawas District in 2006 .................................................... 6 Figure 3: Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation of Forested Lands in Musi Rawas (CER Indonesia, 2008) ................................................................................ 9 Figure 4: Institutional Process for Acquisition of Spatial Data on Natural Resources .. 17 Figure 5: Spatial Analysis and Mapping for Decision-Makers ...................................... 18 Figure 6: Organization of Data Collection for MRV ..................................................... 19 Figure 7: Organizational System for Information Dissemination and Public Relations 20 Figure 8: Locations of Forest Management Units V, VI and VII at Musi Rawas .......... 25 Figure 9: Brief Summary of Development Stages of FMU Production Model Lakitan, Musi Rawas District ......................................................................................................