Karabuk University Faculty of Letters Archaeology Department Course Contents
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Place Saint-Michel the Place Saint-Michel Is
Place Saint-Michel The Place Saint-Michel is simple – a triangle between two streets, uniform buildings along both, designed by the same architect, a walk of smooth cobblestone. The centerpiece is St. Michael defeating a devil; far above them are four statues symbolizing the four cardinal virtues of prudence, fortitude, temperance, and justice. This monument came to be because of the 1848 Revolution and a cholera epidemic in Paris that followed it which killed thousands. This idea of abstract concepts given human form had been popular during the Revolution, the big one, representing the kind of big virtues – like the Four Cardinal Virtues – that everyone could strive for, instead of a single human being whose actions and legacy would turn people against each other. Simultaneous with the creation of Place Saint-Michel, Napoleon III’s renovation brought the Boulevard Saint-Michel into being, and that is the next part of our walk. Facing the fountain with the river at your back, walk on Boulevard Saint-Michel, it’s the street to your left. Walk away from the river along that street. Ultimately, you’ll be turning left on Rue des Écoles, but it’ll be about five minutes to get there, and you can listen to the next track on the way. Boulevard Saint-Michel The character of the street you’re on – wide-open space lined with trees and long, harmonious buildings, plus, often, a view of some landmark in the distance – was a central part of the renovation plan, or the Haussmann plan, as it’s also known. -
The Roman Baths Complex Is a Site of Historical Interest in the English City of Bath, Somerset
Aquae Sulis The Roman Baths complex is a site of historical interest in the English city of Bath, Somerset. It is a well-preserved Roman site once used for public bathing. Caerwent Caerwent is a village founded by the Romans as the market town of Venta Silurum. The modern village is built around the Roman ruins, which are some of the best-preserved in Europe. Londinium Londinium was a settlement established on the current site of the City of London around 43 AD. Its bridge over the River Thames turned the city into a road nexus and major port, serving as a major commercial centre in Roman Britain until its abandonment during the 5th century. Dere Street Dere Street or Deere Street is what is left of a Roman road which ran north from Eboracum (York), and continued beyond into what is now Scotland. Parts of its route are still followed by modern roads that we can drive today. St. Albans St. Albans was the first major town on the old Roman road of Watling Street. It is a historic market town and became the Roman city of Verulamium. St. Albans takes its name from the first British saint, Albanus, who died standing up for his beliefs. Jupiter Romans believed Jupiter was the god of the sky and thunder. He was king of the gods in Ancient Roman religion and mythology. Jupiter was the most important god in Roman religion throughout the Empire until Christianity became the main religion. Juno Romans believed Juno was the protector of the Empire. She was an ancient Roman goddess who was queen of all the gods. -
Turkomans Between Two Empires
TURKOMANS BETWEEN TWO EMPIRES: THE ORIGINS OF THE QIZILBASH IDENTITY IN ANATOLIA (1447-1514) A Ph.D. Dissertation by RIZA YILDIRIM Department of History Bilkent University Ankara February 2008 To Sufis of Lāhijan TURKOMANS BETWEEN TWO EMPIRES: THE ORIGINS OF THE QIZILBASH IDENTITY IN ANATOLIA (1447-1514) The Institute of Economics and Social Sciences of Bilkent University by RIZA YILDIRIM In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY BILKENT UNIVERSITY ANKARA February 2008 I certify that I have read this thesis and have found that it is fully adequate, in scope and in quality, as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History. …………………….. Assist. Prof. Oktay Özel Supervisor I certify that I have read this thesis and have found that it is fully adequate, in scope and in quality, as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History. …………………….. Prof. Dr. Halil Đnalcık Examining Committee Member I certify that I have read this thesis and have found that it is fully adequate, in scope and in quality, as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History. …………………….. Prof. Dr. Ahmet Yaşar Ocak Examining Committee Member I certify that I have read this thesis and have found that it is fully adequate, in scope and in quality, as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History. …………………….. Assist. Prof. Evgeni Radushev Examining Committee Member I certify that I have read this thesis and have found that it is fully adequate, in scope and in quality, as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History. -
The New Context for the Turkish-U
1 TURKEY’S NEW ECONOMIC DIPLOMACY BALANCING COMMERCIAL INTERESTS WITH GEOPOLITICAL GOALS Mehmet Ögütçü1 Abstract The need for a comprehensive reform agenda has become extremely pressing in Turkey. At the international level, the key element is Turkey’s drive towards EU membership, which will require a huge overhaul of its regime, practices and governance (linked with the call for a new political architecture and a redefinition of national interests in foreign affairs strategy). Domestically, sense of economic crisis has accelerated needed reforms and brought an unprecedented sense of urgency. The post-crisis Turkey may well rebound and recover quickly on a solid basis, as was the case in the aftermath of the 1997 Asian crisis for Thailand and Korea. We see the novel economic diplomacy strategy as an essential part of Turkey’s wide range of policy and institutional reform agenda, designed to put Turkey on a sound footing in the new international system. More economics and less geopolitics During the Cold War, the Turkish diplomacy, like that of other NATO nations, was more focused on security, regional stability, and managing the balance of power between two superpowers and two competing models of governance. Business interests often took a back seat to these concerns. Although frustrated, business understood this. Today, we live in a different world, where competition among nations increasingly takes place in the economic arena, although for Turkey situated in a difficult neighborhood, the security issues still top the national agenda and foreign affairs. Yet, advancing Turkey’s economic interests abroad will not only create valuable new business opportunities for Turkish firms but will also enhance Turkey’s pursuit of more traditional foreign policy and security objectives by creating interdependencies and mutual interests that cannot be readily sacrificed. -
History, Medicine, and the Traditions of Renaissance Learning
History, Medicine, and the Traditions of Renaissance Learning History, Medicine, and the Traditions of Renaissance Learning • • nancy g. siraisi the university of michigan press • ann arbor Copyright © by the University of Michigan 2007 All rights reserved Published in the United States of America by The University of Michigan Press Manufactured in the United States of America c Printed on acid-free paper 2010 2009 2008 2007 4 3 2 1 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, or otherwise, without the written permission of the publisher. A CIP catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Siraisi, Nancy G. History, medicine, and the traditions of Renaissance learning / Nancy G. Siraisi. p. cm. — (Cultures of knowledge in the early modern world) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-472-11602-7 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN-10: 0-472-11602-9 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Medicine—History—16th century. 2. Renaissance. I. Title. R146.S57 2008 610.9—dc22 2007010656 ISBN13 978-0-472-02548-0 (electronic) For nobuyuki siraisi PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS his book is a study of connections, parallels, and mutual interaction T between two in›uential disciplines, medicine and history, in ‹fteenth- to seventeenth-century Europe. The elevation of history in status and signi‹- cance, the expansion of the scope and methods of history, and the related (but distinct) growth of antiquarianism are among the most striking—and recently among the best studied—features of the humanist culture of that period. -
The History and Current Direction of Rangeland Management in Turkey by Ali Koc, Walter H
The History and Current Direction of Rangeland Management in Turkey By Ali Koc, Walter H. Schacht, and H. Ibrahim Erkovan urkey lies like a bridge between Europe and Asia. On the Ground Anatolia is the Asian part of Turkey and makes • Turkey is a country with many urban centers (Istanbul T up 97% of country’s surface area. Thrace is has 15 million people) and with a high gross national considered the European component and com- product (16th in the world). More than one-third of prises 3% of country’s surface area. Turkey borders Greece and the country is rangeland and livestock production Bulgaria in the west (European part), Syria and Iraq in the accounts for at least 30% of agricultural income. south, and Iran, Azerbaijan (Naxcivan Autonomous Repub- • Rangelands and livestock production on rangelands lic), Armenia, and Georgia in the east (Asian part) (Fig. 1). historically have been at the center of Turkish society, The principal land uses of Turkey’s 77.8 million ha are 21.4 economy, and culture. Roots of many Turkish range million ha of field crops; 0.8 million ha of vegetables; 2.2 management practices can be traced back to the million ha of vine, fruit, olive, hazelnut and other agricultural steppes culture of central Asia in 2500 BC. trees; 22.9 million ha of rangelands (mostly dry grasslands and • The government established strict policies and grass/shrublands); 1.4 million ha of meadows; 15.1 million ha regulations on the communal rangelands allocated forests; and 14.0 million ha of other areas, mainly water, to each community by the central government. -
323455 1 En Bookfrontmatter 1..31
World Geomorphological Landscapes Series editor Piotr Migoń, Wroclaw, Poland More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/10852 Catherine Kuzucuoğlu Attila Çiner • Nizamettin Kazancı Editors Landscapes and Landforms of Turkey 123 Editors Catherine Kuzucuoğlu Nizamettin Kazancı Laboratory of Physical Geography (LGP, Ankara University UMR 8591) Ankara, Turkey CNRS, Universities of Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne and Paris 12 U-Pec Meudon, France Attila Çiner Istanbul Technical University Istanbul, Turkey ISSN 2213-2090 ISSN 2213-2104 (electronic) World Geomorphological Landscapes ISBN 978-3-030-03513-6 ISBN 978-3-030-03515-0 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03515-0 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018960303 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. -
Osman I, Father of Kings
WikiJournal of Humanities, 2021, 4(1):1 doi: 10.15347/wjh/2021.001 Encyclopedic Review Article Osman I, father of kings Bassem Fleifel [1] , et al Abstract Osman I. or Osman Bay (full form: Abū al-mulūk al-Sulṭān al-ghāzī Fakhr al-Dīn QaraʻUthmān Khān al-awwal bin Ertuğrul bin Sulaymān Shāh al-qayawi al-Turkumānī), was the leader of the Kayı Turkic clan, one of the border gover- nors for the Sultanate of Rûm, and the founder of the Ottoman dynasty that ruled over the Balkans, Anatolia, the Levant, and North Africa for 600 years until it expired with the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1922. Keywords: Osman Gazi, Sultan Osman I Introduction Osman I. or Osman Bay (full form: Abū al-mulūk al- Sulṭān al-ghāzī Fakhr al-Dīn QaraʻUthmān Khān al-aw- wal bin Ertuğrul bin Sulaymān Shāh al-qayawi al-Tur- kumānī), was the leader of the Kayı Turkic clan and one of the border governors for the Sultanate of Rûm, and the founder of the Ottoman dynasty that ruled over the Balkans, Anatolia, the Levant, and North Africa for 600 years until it expired with the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1922. Although the exact date of Osman's birth is unspeci- fied, some sources indicate that he was born in 656 AH / 1258 CE, to Emir Ertuğrul Gazi, one of the border gov- ernors for the Sultanate of Rûm, and Halime Hatun. It so happened that Osman was born on the same day that the Mongols invaded Baghdad,[1] the capital of Figure 1 | Sultan Osman (ʻUthmān) Han I. -
Roman Art from the Louvre
Roman Art from the Louvre Resource for Educators American Federation of Arts Roman Art from the Louvre Resource for Educators American Federation of Arts Roman Art from the Louvre is organized by the American Federation of Arts and the Musée du Louvre. The exhibition is supported by an indemnity American Federation of Arts 305 East 47th Street, 10th floor from the Federal Council on the Arts and the Humanities. New York, NY 10017 212.988.7700 The AFA is a nonprofit institution that organizes art exhibitions for presen- www.afaweb.org tation in museums around the world, publishes scholarly exhibition cata- logues, and develops educational materials and programs. © 2007 American Federation of Arts All materials included in this resource may be reproduced for educational purposes. Please direct questions about this resource to: Suzanne Elder Burke Director of Education American Federation of Arts 212.988.7700 x226 [email protected] Exhibition Itinerary Indianapolis Museum of Art September 23, 2007–January 6, 2008 Seattle Art Museum February 21–May 11, 2008 Oklahoma City Museum of Art June 19–October 12, 2008 Design/Production: Emily Lessard Front cover: Fragment of a Relief of a Double Suovetaurilia Sacrifice (detail), 1st or 2nd quarter of 1st century A.D. (no. 4) Back cover: Knife Handle in the Shape of a Thracian Gladiator, 2nd half of 1st century A.D. (no. 6) CONTENTS About This Resource 4 Exhibition Overview 5 Ancient Roman Society 6 History of Ancient Rome Government—The Emperor and the Senate Citizenship Non-Citizens—Foreigners, Slaves, and Freedmen Leisure 10 The Baths Roman Theater Circus Maximus The Amphitheater Religion 11 Guide to Roman Gods and Goddesses 13 Guide to Roman Vessel Forms 16 Interesting Facts about Ancient Rome 18 Selected Works of Art 19 1. -
The Spa at Monteverdi the Spa at Monteverdi
THE SPA AT MONTEVERDI THE SPA AT MONTEVERDI Nestled in the iconic rolling hills of the Val d'Orcia, the Spa at Monteverdi is a uniquely beautiful and pampering oasis. Surrounded by rolling green hills and golden fields, this idyllic sanctuary offers a view stretching as far as Siena and offers a range of treatments to energize and recharge your mind, body, and soul. Inside the newly expanded spa, you will find superbly designed treatment rooms and underground hot and cold pools. Inspired by ancient Roman bathing rituals, our Spa also includes a garden view relaxation lounge, heated pool overlooking the Tuscan countryside, sensory shower, and a bathing area featuring Hammam Treatments. Or immerse yourself in an intoxicating blend of sights, smells and sounds with custom bathing rituals on our private outdoor terrace with two travertine soaking tubs. Outdoor soaking tubs at The Spa at Monteverdi EXCLUSIVE PRODUCTS Our artisanal treatments have been crafted to relax, refresh and rejuvenate, combining the proven techniques of centuries past with the finest modern amenities. We feature an exclusive range of luxury spa products including Officina del Profumo Santa Maria Novella and Charme d'Orient - Paris. Santa Maria Novella products are derived from Tuscan herbs, plants, and flowers, and were first developed by 13th Century Dominican friars for their healing properties. And, Charme d'Orient - Paris products are inspired by the Hammam rituals used by ancient civilizations to purify mind and body. SPA MENU SALUS PER AQUAM -THE MONTEVERDI WATER CIRCUIT Taking inspiration from Roman baths, this therapeutic Water Circuit alternates between hot and cold temperatures. -
Paving the Past: Late Republican Recollections in the Forum Romanum
Copyright by Aaron David Bartels 2009 Paving the Past: Late Republican Recollections in the Forum Romanum by Aaron David Bartels, B.A. Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts The University of Texas at Austin May, 2009 Paving the Past: Late Republican Recollections in the Forum Romanum Approved by Supervising Committee: Penelope J. E. Davies Andrew M. Riggsby John R. Clarke DEDICATION – pro mea domina – Tracy Lea Hensley ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS No thanks can adequately express the gratitude I have for those who have supported this thesis. My advisor, Penelope J. E. Davies has provided unflinching guidance. The advice from my second reader, Andrew M. Riggsby, also deserves endless praise. The insights of my other colloquium committee members, John R. Clarke, Glenn Peers and Janice Leoshko continue to challenge my approach. Other scholars who offered their wisdom include Ingrid Edlund-Berry, Amy and Nassos Papalexandrou, John Pollini, P. Gregory Warden, Michael Thomas, Ann Steiner, Gretchen Meyers, Thomas Palaima, Matthew Roller and many others. Friends and colleagues at the University of Texas at Austin that deserve thanks for their ongoing support include, Erik McRae, Sebastian Bentkowski, Leticia Rodriguez, Kristin Ware, Joelle Lardi, Sheila Winchester and Gina Giovannone. I am also indebted to discussions with my fellow staff members and students at the Mugello Valley Archaeological Project. Robert Vander Poppen, Ivo van der Graaff, Sara Bon-Harper, Lynn Makowsky, Allison Lewis and Jess Galloway all provided sound advice. Any accurate or worthwhile conclusions in the following pages have filtered solely from those mentioned above. -
Timetravelrome Guide
The Roman London Short Guide to Roman Sites in London . Mithraeum . Amphitheater . Town Defenses This free guide is offered to you by Timetravelrome - a Mobile App that finds and describes every significant ancient Roman city, fortress, theatre, or sanctuary in Europe, Middle East as well as across North Africa. www.timetravelrome.com TimeTravelRome Index Monuments Page Star Ranking Short History of London 3 Mithraeum 4 London Amphitheatre 5 Town Defences and Tower Hill Wall 6 Coopers Row City Wall 7 Noble Street City Wall 7 Cripplegate Fort West Gate 8 Bastion 14 8 Giltspur Street City Walls 9 St Alphage's Garden City Wall 9 Sources 10 2 Roman London || 2000 Years of History 3 Short History of London London was first founded by the Romans nearly 2000 By the early 400s AD, instability throughout the Roman years ago. The Roman’s called their new settlement Empire as well as Saxon aggression was making Roman Londinium. The etymology of this name is uncertain but rule in Britain increasingly untenable and in 410 AD one possible explanation states that it is derived from the orders were received from Rome to withdraw from the Indo-European word plowonida (in Brythonic this would province. The complete breakdown of Roman have been lowonidonjon) meaning ‘fast-flowing river. governance, economics and trade in the years The location of the settlement was chosen for its immediately following 410 AD greatly exacerbated this strategic position along the banks of the river Thames at and the majority of Roman towns and cities within the the first point the river could safely be bridged.