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Tropical Agricultural Science Pertanlka Journal of TROPICAL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE VOLUME 28 NO. 2 • SEPTEMBER 2005 A Special Issue Devoted to the Second Biology Colloquium, Biology: Unity and Diversity 22 December 2004, Putrajaya, Malaysia A scientific journal published by Universiti Putra Malaysia Press Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science • About the Journal Submission of Manuscript Pertanika, a leading agricultural journal in Malaysia Three complete clear copies of the manuscript are to be began publication in 1978. After 15 years as a submitted to multidisciplinaryjournal, the revamped Pertanika Journal The Chief Editor of'Tropical Agricultural Science will now focus on tropical Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science agricultural research. The journal will be current and regular, bringing the latest information related to plant Universiti Putra Malaysia Press and animal sciences, fisheries, food sciences and forestry 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan to the attention of research and scientists. It will be MALAYSIA published two times a year i.e. in March and September. Tel: 03-89468854 Fax: 05^9416172 • Aims and Scope I Proofs and Offprints The journal will accept contributions from managers, Page proofs, illustration proofs and the copy-edited researchers and scientists in the fields of biochemistry, manuscript will be sent to the author. Proofs must be ecology, genetics, physiology, pathology and checked very carefully within the specified time as they management and production of plants and animals of will not be proofread by the Press editors. economic importance. Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science will consider for publication articles Authors will receive 20 offprints of each article and a copy both in English and Bahasa Melayu. Articles must be of the journal. Additional copies can be ordered from original reports of research, not previously or tin- Secretary of the Editorial Board. simultaneously published in any other scientific or technical journal. EDITORIAL BOARD INTERNATIONAL PANEL MEMBERS | Prof. Dr, Tan Soon Guan - Chief Editor Prof. Sifa Li Faculty of Science Shanghai Fisheries University Prof. A.R. Egan Prof. Dr. Fatimah Mohd Yusof Faculty of Science University of Melbourne Prof. D.A Ledward Prof. Dr. Hasanah Mohd. Ghazali University of Reading Faculty of Food Science & Technology Dr. Setijati D. Sastrapradja Prof. Dr. Khatijah Mohd. Yusof University of California, Davis Faculty of Science Prof. Dr. E.H Roberts University of Heading Assoc. Prof. Dr. Salleh Kadzimin Faculty of Agriculture Prof. Dr. Yuan Chung Zee University of California, Davis Assoc. Prof. Dr. Siti Zauyah Darus Prof. Tom Lovell Faculty of Agriculture Auburn University Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shukri Mohamed Prof. E.P. Bachelard Faculty of Forestry Australian National University Prof. V.L. Chopra Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sheikh Ali Abod Faculty of Forestry Indian Council of Agricultural Research Prof. Ladda A. Dushkina Assoc. Prof. Dr. Zulkifli Idrus AU Union Institute of Marine, Fisheries and Oceanography Faculty of Agriculture Richard H. Young Sumangala Pillai - Secretary UNICEF, New Delhi Universiti Putra Malaysia Press Published by Unviersiti Putra Malaysia Press ISSN No.: 1511-3701 ARCHIVE COPY (Please Do Not Remove) Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science Volume 28 Number 2 (September) 2005 PERTANIKA EDITORIAL Research Management Centre (RMC) 1 st Floor, IDEA Tower II UPM-MTDC, Technology Cent/.; Contents Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 Serdang, Seiangor, Malaysia Tel: +603 8947 1622, b947 ifiiq. W ' ~ Single Locus Microsatellite Development for the Malaysian Giant Freshwater Prawns, 87 Macrobrachium rosenbergii - Subha Bhassu, Rosly Hassan, Khatijah Yusoff, Zainoddin Jamari, Siti Shapor Siraj & Tan Soon Guan Bacteria from an Oil Palm Agricultural System and Their Interactions with 95 Ganoderma boninense and Trichoderma harzianum -Faridah Abdullah, Mohd. Hefni Rush & Noor Haida Sebran Population Dynamics and Exploitation Level of Green-Lipped Mussel 103 (Perna viridis) Using FiSAT from the Offshore Island of the Cox's Bazar Coast of Bangladesh - Sarker Mohammad Nurul Amin, Mohammad Abdul Halim, Mitu Barua, Mohammad Zafar& Aziz Arshad Determination of Flavonoid Components from Morinda citrifolia (Mengkudu) 111 and Their Antioxidant Activities - Saidatul Husni Saidin, Umi Kalsom Yusuf, Asmah Rahmat & Aspollah Muhammad Sukari Morphometric Analysis of Malaysian Oxudercine Goby, 121 Boleophthalmus boddarti (Pallas, 1770) - Siti Khalijah Baud, Mehdi Mohammadi, Siti Shapor Siraj iff Mohamad Pauzi Zakaria Orchids of Perlis: New Records and Distribution 135 - Wendy YongSze Yee, Rusea Go, Tang Cher Hing, Janna Ong Abdullah & Kassim Osman ISSN: 1511-3701 PertanikaJ. Trop. Agric. Sci. 28 (2): 87-94 (2005) ©Universiti Putra Malaysia Press Single Locus Microsatellite Development for the Malaysian Giant Freshwater Prawns, Macrobrachium rosenbergii !SUBHA BHASSU, ]ROSLYHASSAN, 2KHATIJAH YUSOFF, 3ZAINODDIN JAMARI, 2SITI SHAPOR SIRAJ & *TAN SOON GUAN 1 Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Batu Berendam, 75350 Melaka, Malaysia 2Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia ^National Prawn Fry Production and Research Centre (NAPFRE), Malaysia E-mail: [email protected] Keywords: Genetic diversity, M. rosenbergii microsatellites ABSTRAK JJdang genus M. rosenbergii, Bate 1868 (Palaemonidae) adalah kumpulan pelbagai jenis krustasea decopod yang didapaii di kawasan tropika, laut, estuari dan air tawar. Pada masa ini, stok liar telah digunakan untuk ternakan pengeluaran benih di kebanyakan tempat di Malaysia. Walau bagaimanapun, pengambilan stok liarsecara berterusan akan mengakibatkan kepupusan dan kehilangan kepelbagaian genetik. Oleh itu adalah penting bagi seseorang mempunyai kepekaan terhadap maklumat genetik untuk tujuan pemuliharaan dan pembiakan. Kajian ini menggunakan teknik RAMS untuk menghasilkan penanda lokus mikrosatelit tunggal. Sebanyak 13 kawasan mikrosatelit telah dikesan. Hasil kajian menujukkan kejayaan menggunakan teknik ini untuk memperoleh mikrosatelit dalam M. rosenbergii. Kajian ini akan diteruskan untuk mencari klonyang mengandungi mikrosatelit dan mereka bentuk primer bagi setiap kawasan mikrosatelit. Jujukannya adalah sama dengan dua spesies lain iaitu ikan zebra dan Perna viridis. Kewujudan persamaan pada kedua-dua spesies (ikan Zebra dan Perna viridis) akan digunakan sebagai 'model* bagi M. rosenbergii untuk masa hadapan. ABSTRACT Prawns of the genus Macrobrachium Bate, 1868 (Crustacea: Palaemonidae) are a highly diverse group of decopod crustaceans found in circumtropical marine-, estuarine- and freshwaters. At present, wild stocks have been used to cultivate commercial cultures in many areas in Malaysia. Such repeated harvesting from wild stocks, however, will eventually lead to extinction and loss of genetic diversity. Therefore, it is important to know the genetic make up of these wild stocks in order to manage the populations for conservation and breeding purposes. In the present study, a novel method known as Random Amplified Microsatellites (RAMS) was used to develop single locus microsatellite markers. A total of 13 microsatellite regions were detected. The findings of this study showed a successful detection of the microsatellite sequences in M. rosenbergii using RAMS. This study will be continued to identify more clones that contain microsatellite sequences and to design the forward and reverse primers for each microsatelite region. M. rosenbergii sequences were homologous with Danio rerio (Zebra fish) and Perna viridis (green lipped mussel). INTRODUCTION irrigation ditches, canals and ponds, as well as Macrobrachium rosenbergii, the giant freshwater in estuarine areas. Most species require prawn (Family: Palaemonoidea, subfamily: brackish water in the initial stages of their life Palaemoninae) is a component of the cycle, and a minority complete their life cycle biodiversity in Malaysia's diverse water in inland saline and freshwater lakes. Their ecosystems. It inhabits tropical and subtropical numbers in these natural habitats has been zones of the world, in lakes, rivers, swamps, declining due to overexploitation and habitat SUBHA BHASSU ETAL. alterations. At present, wild stocks have been can also identify genetically distinct used to cultivate commercial cultures in many populations, which contribute to conservation areas in Malaysia. Repeated harvesting from efforts. To date, only six microsatellite loci the wild stocks will lead to extinction and have been developed for the eastern form of eventually loss of genetic diversity. To save this M. rosenbergii and they failed to show any important bio-resource, effective conservation polymorphism in the western form of M. and propagation-assisted rehabilitation rosenbergii These six loci exhibited null alleles strategies are necessary. However, this may not in the western form. (Mather, pers. comm.). be feasible unless data is available for Thus it will be a breakthrough in the molecular M. rosenbergii on stock structure and genetic genetics of M. rosenbergii if steps are taken to variation throughout its distribution range. develop microsatellite markers by isolating The identification of polymorphic markers microsatellite regions and developing single with consistent scorable alleles is a crucial step locus microsatellite markers for this species. to generate population genetics data. A study At present, a well developed protocol for single conducted by Yuzine etal (1996 using isozymes locus microsatellite identification
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