Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume 74, Number 3
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The Everglades: Wetlands Not Wastelands Marjory Stoneman Douglas Overcoming the Barriers of Public Unawareness and the Profit Motive in South Florida
The Everglades: Wetlands not Wastelands Marjory Stoneman Douglas Overcoming the Barriers of Public Unawareness and the Profit Motive in South Florida Manav Bansal Senior Division Historical Paper Paper Length: 2,496 Bansal 1 "Marjory was the first voice to really wake a lot of us up to what we were doing to our quality of life. She was not just a pioneer of the environmental movement, she was a prophet, calling out to us to save the environment for our children and our grandchildren."1 - Florida Governor Lawton Chiles, 1991-1998 Introduction Marjory Stoneman Douglas was a vanguard in her ideas and approach to preserve the Florida Everglades. She not only convinced society that Florida’s wetlands were not wastelands, but also educated politicians that its value transcended profit. From the late 1800s, attempts were underway to drain large parts of the Everglades for economic gain.2 However, from the mid to late 20th century, Marjory Stoneman Douglas fought endlessly to bring widespread attention to the deteriorating Everglades and increase public awareness regarding its importance. To achieve this goal, Douglas broke societal, political, and economic barriers, all of which stemmed from the lack of familiarity with environmental conservation, apathy, and the near-sighted desire for immediate profit without consideration for the long-term impacts on Florida’s ecosystem. Using her voice as a catalyst for change, she fought to protect the Everglades from urban development and draining, two actions which would greatly impact the surrounding environment, wildlife, and ultimately help mitigate the effects of climate change. By educating the public and politicians, she served as a model for a new wave of environmental activism and she paved the way for the modern environmental movement. -
2020-FTA-Congressional-Report.Pdf
THE FLORIDA TRAIL ASSOCIATION Congressional Report 2020 117th Congress Florida National Scenic Trail Reroute in Development Side Trail Roadwalk Public Conservation Lands Federal Lands State & Local Lands Like on Facebook: facebook.com/floridatrailassociation Follow on Twitter: twitter.com/floridatrail See on Instagram: instagram.com/floridatrail Watch on Youtube: youtube.com/floridatrail Connect With Us Florida Trail Association Building More Than Trails 1050 NW 2nd St Gainesville, FL 32601 web: floridatrail.org email: [email protected] phone: 352-378-8823 The Florida Trail is Open To All The Florida Trail is a 1,500-mile footpath that extends from Big Cypress National Preserve at the edge of the Everglades in south Florida to Gulf Islands National Seashore on Santa Rosa Island in the Florida panhandle. Hike our white sand beaches. Travel through dense subtropical forests and vast, open grasslands. Test your physical and mental endurance in Florida’s swamps, marshes and wetlands. Encounter the diverse plant and animal life that flourish along the Florida Trail. The Florida Trail is non-partisan public resource that needs your support. Meet the Florida Trail Association The 90th US Congress passed the National Trail Systems Act in 1968. This Act authorized the creation of a national system of trails “to promote the preservation of, public access to, travel within, and enjoyment and appreciation of the open-air, outdoor areas and historic resources of the Nation.” It initially established the Appalachian Trail and Pacific Crest Trails. Today the National Trails System designates 11 National Scenic Trails, including the entirely unique Florida Trail. The Florida Trail is a National Scenic Trail spanning 1,500 miles from the Panhandle to the Everglades, offering year-round hiking for residents and visitors. -
EXTENSIONS of REMARKS March 5, 1992 EXTENSIONS of REMARKS
4666 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 5, 1992 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS A TRIBUTE TO THE LATE JEAN WHAT PRESIDENT BUSH SHOULD and economic reforms in Russia-has been YAWKEY DO AT THIS CRITICAL MOMENT virtually ignored. As a result, the United States and the West risk snatching defeat in the cold war from the jaws of victory. HON. JOHN JOSEPH MOAKLEY HON. WM.S.BROOMAELD We have heard repeatedly that the cold OF MASSACHUSETTS OF MICHIGAN war has ended and that the West won it. This IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is only half true. The Communists have lost IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the cold war, but the West has not yet won Thursday, March 5, 1992 Thursday, March 5, 1992 it. Communism collapsed because its ideas Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, as Yogi failed. Today, the ideas of freedom are on Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to trial. If they fail to produce a better life in pay tribute to the late Jean Yawkey who died Berra used to say: "It ain't over 'til it's over." In a few words, that's the import of a thought Russia and the other former Soviet repub of a stroke on February 27. For the past 59 ful commentary on the cold war that former lics, a new and more dangerous despotism years, Mrs. Yawkey has been the matriarch of will take power, with the people trading free President Richard Nixon sent to· me recently. the Boston Red Sox. Her involvement with the dom for security and entrusting their future President Nixon has been a leading figure in Sox began in 1933 when her husband Tom to old hands with new faces. -
From Here to Equality: Reparations for Black Americans in The
From Here to Equality From Here to Equality reparations for b lack a mericans in the twenty-first c entury william a . darity j r. and a. kirsten mullen the university of north carolina press Chapel Hill This book was published with the assistance of the William R. Kenan Jr. Fund of the University of North Carolina Press. © 2020 William A. Darity Jr. and A. Kirsten Mullen All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America Designed by Richard Hendel Set in Utopia and TheSans by codeMantra, Inc. The University of North Carolina Press has been a member of the Green Press Initiative since 2003. Cover illustration: Memorial Corridor at the National Memorial for Peace and Justice, Montgomery, Alabama. Photograph by Soniakapadia. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Darity, William A., Jr., 1953– author. | Mullen, A. Kirsten (Andrea Kirsten), author. Title: From here to equality : reparations for black Americans in the twenty-first century / William A. Darity Jr. and A. Kirsten Mullen. Description: Chapel Hill : The University of North Carolina Press, [2020] | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2019046675 | ISBN 9781469654973 (cloth : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781469654980 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: African Americans—Reparations. | African Americans— Civil rights—History. | Income distribution—United States—History. | Slavery—United States—History. | Race discrimination—United States—History. | United States—Race relations—History. Classification: LCC E185.89.R45 D37 2020 | DDC 323.1196/073—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019046675 To our sons, Aden and William—members of the fifth generation born since slavery was outlawed—and to our ancestors we have identified who were born enslaved and lived to see emancipation: Rachel King, Jane and Isaac Mullen, and Sallie Mullen (“wife” of Granville Spangler); Jennie Davenport; Nelson Strange, Letty Flippo Hart, Uriah Wise and Hannah Strange Berry Wise, Walker Taliaferro and Patsy Williams Taliaferro, and Rev. -
Abel, Isabel Multiple Harness Patterns from the Early 1700'S 717 Adelson
Abel, Isabel AymaraMultiple HarnessWeaving, Patterns Ceremonial from Textiles the Early of 1700'sColonial and 19th 717 Adelson, Laurie, Tracht Arthur Century Bolivia 951 Adrosko, Rita Natural Dyes and Home Dyeing 360 Aiken Marie Finger Weaves and Simple Looms 915 Aitkenhead, James Craft Encounters, a decade of Fibre influences 955 Albaum, Charlet Ojo de Dios - Eye of God 578 Albers, Anna On Weaving 463 Albers, Anna On Designing 621 Albers, Anna On Designing 713 Albers, Anna On Weaving 734 Albers, Anni On Designing 1046 Albers, Joseph Interaction of Color 685 Alberta Agriculture Money Making Ventures for Community Organizations 436 Alberta Agriculture Wool and Sheepskins 580 Alberta Culture Children's Weaving Notes - Technical 424 Alderman & Wertenberger Handwoven Tailormade 321 Alderman, Sharon A Handweaver's Notebook 655 Alderman, Sharon Mastering Weave Structures 873 Alexander, M Weaving Handcraft 396 Allard, Mary Rug Making - Techniques and Design 201 Allen, Edith Weaving You Can Do 461 Allen, Heather L. Weaving Contermpory Rag Rugs 842 Allen, Helen Louise American and European Hand Weaving Revised 171 American Craft Museum Felting (REF) 1043 Amos, Alden Big Book of Handspinning 854 Anderson, Gordon, Towner Beiderwand 443 Andrews, Mary The Fundamentals of Weaving, 1991 Banff, Alta Book #1 520 Andrews, Mary The Fundamentals of Weaving Book #3 605 Andrews, Mary The Fundamentals of Weaving, 1991 Banff, Alta Book #2 720 Appleton, Leroy American Indian Design & Decoration 978 Art Magazine In Praise of Hands 152 Ashenhurst, T.R. Design in -
Ocoee Election Day Violence – November 1920
Ocoee Election Day Violence – November 1920 Report No. 19-15 November 2019 November 2019 Report No. 19-15 Ocoee Election Day Violence – November 1920 As directed by the Legislature, OPPAGA conducted a historical review of the 1920 Election Day violence in Ocoee, Florida to provide information on the scope and effects of the incident. To complete the research for this brief, OPPAGA reviewed academic papers and books, maps, oral histories recorded by the Works Progress Administration, congressional testimony, census records, property deeds, interview notes from the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) officials, death certificates from the Florida Department of Health’s Bureau of Vital Statistics, draft cards from World War I, collections at the Orange County Regional History Center, mortuary records, and hundreds of newspaper articles. In cases where there were conflicting accounts of the events, this review favors those accounts provided by eyewitnesses or people with first-hand knowledge of the event. BACKGROUND Ocoee, Florida, is a city in Orange County with a 2019 population of about 47,500 people. The city is approximately 10 miles west of Orlando and is located near the southeastern edge of Lake Apopka, between Apopka and Winter Garden and surrounding Starke Lake. (See Exhibit 1.) Exhibit 1 Map of Ocoee, Orange County, Florida Source: Google Maps. 1 The area was incorporated in the early 1920s and became the City of Ocoee in 1925. Early white settlers began to establish homesteads near Starke Lake in the 1850s, after the Seminole Indians had been resettled west of the Mississippi River or fled to South Florida. -
Parramore and the Interstate 4: a World Torn Asunder (1880-1980) Yuri K
Rollins College Rollins Scholarship Online Master of Liberal Studies Theses Summer 2015 Parramore and the Interstate 4: A World Torn Asunder (1880-1980) Yuri K. Gama Rollins College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.rollins.edu/mls Part of the African American Studies Commons, Social History Commons, and the Urban, Community and Regional Planning Commons Recommended Citation Gama, Yuri K., "Parramore and the Interstate 4: A World Torn Asunder (1880-1980)" (2015). Master of Liberal Studies Theses. 71. http://scholarship.rollins.edu/mls/71 This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by Rollins Scholarship Online. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master of Liberal Studies Theses by an authorized administrator of Rollins Scholarship Online. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 Table of Contents Acknowledgments 04 Abstract 06 Introduction 07 Chapter I: Social Black History and Racial Segregation 14 1865 to 1920 14 1920 to 1945 21 1945 to 1970 30 Chapter II: History of American Urban Sprawl 38 Transportation Development 42 Housing Development 49 Chapter III: Racial Segregation in Florida 60 1860 - 1920 60 1920 – 1950 67 2 1950 – 1980 71 Chapter IV: The Highway System and the I-4 Construction 78 United States’ Roads and Highways 78 Wartime and Postwar Defense Expenditures in a Growing Florida 86 Florida’s Roads and Highways 89 Orlando and Interstate 4 91 Chapter V: Parramore and the I-4 98 Racial Segregation and Parramore’s Foundation 98 Uneven Development and Parramore’s Decline 108 Parramore and the Social Impact of I-4 (1957-1980) 113 Conclusion 122 Bibliography 134 Appendix A 162 Appendix B 163 3 Dedicated to all those who struggle against any form of racial oppression and social inequality. -
Drainage of the Marshes South of Lake Okeechobee Uncovers Rich Muck Soils, Attracting Farmers Intrigued by Year-Round Harvests
1913 view of the Miami Canal and Everglades in background Panel 1.6 Drainage of the marshes south of Lake Okeechobee uncovers rich muck soils, attracting farmers intrigued by year-round harvests. e Everglades Agricultural Area, a 16,000-acre area of land developed by William Conners, provides extraordinary crop yields. By 1920, this vast area is cultivated with tomatoes, beans, peas, peppers, potatoes and small amounts of sugarcane. Drainage canals also provide navigational access. Post World War I finds Florida in full swing with its first land boom; speculators and tourists travel to South Florida on the Flagler Railroad. Seminoles start alligator wrestling to attract tourist dollars. e state’s population reaches 970,000 in 1920. e median age is 21, with men outnumbering women. e commonplace attitude of viewing wildlife as a nuisance or an unlimited resource begins to shift. Recognizing A model of Marvel Farms, a developer’s dream for the Tamiami Trail. In 1923, the value and necessity of conservation, Florida Barron Collier begins building the highway across 76 miles of the Everglades frontier to connect Miami with Tampa. The state road department comes to his aid three years later in 1926 and the final cost is $8 million or about creates the Department of Game and Fresh $25,000 a mile Water Fish in 1925. 1925 1913 The St. Lucie Canal is completed. An intensive Everglades Report is Recommended by the Randolph Report and begun accepted by the state legislature. in 1916, the St. Lucie Canal now extends from Lake The Randolph Report suggests the Okeechobee eastward to the tidewater. -
Black Historical Erasure: a Critical Comparative Analysis in Rosewood and Ocoee
Rollins College Rollins Scholarship Online Honors Program Theses Spring 2020 Black Historical Erasure: A Critical Comparative Analysis in Rosewood and Ocoee Christelle Ram [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.rollins.edu/honors Part of the African History Commons, Communication Commons, Social History Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Ram, Christelle, "Black Historical Erasure: A Critical Comparative Analysis in Rosewood and Ocoee" (2020). Honors Program Theses. 121. https://scholarship.rollins.edu/honors/121 This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by Rollins Scholarship Online. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Program Theses by an authorized administrator of Rollins Scholarship Online. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Black Historical Erasure: Rosewood and Ocoee 1 of 66 Black Historical Erasure: A Critical Comparative Analysis in Rosewood and Ocoee Christelle Ram Rollins College Black Historical Erasure: Rosewood and Ocoee 2 of 66 ABSTRACT: 4 CHAPTER ONE: 5 INTRODUCTION 5 CHAPTER 2: CRITICAL FRAMEWORKS 19 DEFINING FRAMEWORKS 22 DEFINING ERASURE 23 ERASURE AS VIOLENCE: EXAMPLES IN HISTORY AND THE CONTEMPORARY 25 HISTORY AS IDEOLOGY: A POST-MODERN FRAMEWORK 31 THE STUDY OF HISTORY: A BRIEF OVERVIEW 35 POST MODERNITY AND HISTORIOGRAPHICAL ACCURACY 36 CHAPTER 3: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS ON ERASURE 40 ROSEWOOD 41 PROGRAM VS RIOT 42 DEFYING RADICAL RECONSTRUCTION 43 THE SUMMATION: ROSEWOOD 43 THE REDISCOVERY OF ROSEWOOD -
Tulsa Race Riot - Wikipedia Coordinates: 36°09′34″N 95°59′11″W
2/14/2018 Tulsa race riot - Wikipedia Coordinates: 36°09′34″N 95°59′11″W Tulsa race riot The Tulsa race riot, or Tulsa race riot of 1921, occurred between Tulsa race riot May 31 and June 1, 1921, when a white mob started attacking residents and businesses of the African-American community of Greenwood in Tulsa, Oklahoma,[1] in what is considered one of the worst incidents of racial violence in the history of the United States.[2] The attack, carried out on the ground and by air, destroyed more than 35 blocks of the district, at the time the wealthiest black community in the nation. More than 800 people were admitted to hospitals and more than 6,000 black residents were arrested and detained, many for several days.[3] The Oklahoma Bureau of Vital Statistics officially recorded 39 dead, but the American Red Cross estimated 300. The riot began over a Memorial Day weekend after a young black man was accused of raping a young white female elevator operator at a Buildings burning during the Tulsa race riot commercial building. After he was taken into custody, rumors raced Location Greenwood, Tulsa, Oklahoma through the black community that he was at risk of being lynched. A Coordinates 36°09′34″N 95°59′11″W group of armed African-American men rushed to the police station, to prevent a lynching, where the young suspect was held and a white crowd Date May 31 – June 1, 1921 had gathered. A confrontation developed between blacks and whites; Weapons Guns, incendiary devices, shots were fired, and some whites and blacks were killed. -
A Citizens' Guide to Lake Management
Seminole County Lake Management Program A Citizens’ Guide to Lake Management HELPING TO PROTECT, PRESERVE & RESTORE SEMINOLE COUNTY’S LAKES. Seminole County Department of Public Works • Roads-Stormwater Division 177 Bush Loop • Sanford, FL 32773 • 407-665-2439 OVERVIEW OF THE SEMINOLE COUNTY LAKE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM • Provides technical assistance with aquatic plant he water quality of the lakes, which to management most people is a matter of how clear the Twater is, directly relates to the quality of water • Provides funding resource options coming into the lakes from their surrounding • Brings other local and state agencies and watersheds. Increasing development pressure and management professionals to establish the best poor management practices around lakes has raised management plan concerns about water quality and impacts on our he development of a successful Lake lakes. Management Program is dependent on active ften property owners find that they do not Tcommunity participation. SCLMP is very active in have all the resources to properly manage their meeting with property owners, lake associations and Olake. The Seminole County Lake Management professional officials to promote and assist in various Program (SCLMP) offers options that are lake management projects. It’s the cumulative understandable and responsive to undesirable lake effect of all of our efforts that will help protect our conditions affecting water quality and biological watershed. habitats for insects, fish, birds and other wildlife. ontact Us: For more information about this he term “Environmental Stewardship” is program, please contact: taking active participation to care for natural C Tresources ensuring that they are sustainably Lake Management Program Coordinator managed for current and future generations. -
How Should Florida's Water Supply Be Managed in Response to Growth?
Avoiding a Water Crisis in Florida –How Should Florida’s Water Supply be Managed in Response to Growth? by Lynne Holt “The source of the water crisis is simple but exceedingly difficult to address, water resources are finite but the population that depends on those supplies is increasing inexorably.” Dennis Hjeresen, Los Alamos National Laboratory and the Green Chemistry Institute 1 Water remains essential for life. According to the United Nations, 1.1 billion people throughout the world have no access to safe drinking water. In the United States, this is certainly not the case. However, water conflicts have pitted Colorado, Arizona, and other western states against each other, particularly in periods of drought, and Florida is no exception. These conflicts not only occur between states, but also within them. We need only think of the recent recommendation in a 2003 report by the Florida Council of 100 calling for a feasibility analysis of a new statewide water distribution system. The recommendation proposed “developing a system that enables water distribution from waterrich to waterpoor areas seems to make good environmental and economic sense.” 2 It garnered widespread opposition from North Floridians, thus setting the stage for potential, prolonged water conflicts within the state. Although Florida is renowned for its wetlands, its enormous population growth in the last half of the 20 th century has caused widespread degradation to thousands of square miles of these wetlands. 3 Floridians in 2005 may not be facing a statewide water crisis at present but they are certainly facing enormous challenges. They cannot afford to be complacent.