Tailem Bend Solar Project Equis Australia

APPLICATION ON NOTIFICATION – CROWN DEVELOPMENT

Applicant: Equis Australia Pty Ltd Development Number: 571/V001/17 Nature of Development: Construction of a 110MW solar plant and associated infrastructure including: • Arrays of solar panels mounted on fixed angled racks • Inverter stations and step-up transformers • Lightning protection masts • Ancillary buildings (office, control room, maintenance and spare parts building) • Three access crossovers, internal access roads, car parking and hardstand / battery storage areas • Earthworks and drainage works • Security fencing, signage, and lighting • Demolition of an existing dwelling and ancillary structures Type of development: Public Infrastructure Zone / Policy Area: Primary Production Zone Subject Land: 261 Lime Kiln Road, Tailem Bend Contact Officer: Laura Kerber Phone Number: 7109 7073 Start Date: Thursday 9 February 2017 Close Date: Thursday 2 March 2017

During the notification period, hard copies of the application documentation can be viewed at the Department of Planning, Transport and Infrastructure, Level 2, 211 Victoria Square, Adelaide during normal business hours. Application documentation may also be viewed during normal business hours at the local Council office (if identified on the public notice).

Written representations must be received by the close date (indicated above) and can either be posted, hand-delivered, faxed or emailed to the Development Assessment Commission. A representation form is provided as part of this pdf document.

Any representations received after the close date will not be considered.

Postal Address: The Secretary Development Assessment Commission GPO Box 1815 ADELAIDE SA 5001

Street Address: Development Division Department of Planning, Transport and Infrastructure Level 2, 211 Victoria Square ADELAIDE

Email Address: [email protected] Fax Number: (08) 8303 0753 DEVELOPMENT ACT, 1993 S49/S49A – CROWN DEVELOPMENT REPRESENTATION ON APPLICATION

Applicant: Equis Australia Pty Ltd Development Number: 571/V001/17 Nature of Development: Construction of a 110MW solar plant and associated infrastructure including: • Arrays of solar panels mounted on fixed angled racks • Inverter stations and step-up transformers • Lightning protection masts • Ancillary buildings (office, control room, maintenance and spare parts building) • Three access crossovers, internal access roads, car parking and hardstand / battery storage areas • Earthworks and drainage works • Security fencing, signage, and lighting • Demolition of an existing dwelling and ancillary structures Type of Development: Public Infrastructure Zone / Policy Area: Primary Production Zone Subject Land: 261 Lime Kiln Road, Tailem Bend Contact Officer: Laura Kerber Phone Number: 7109 7073 Close Date: Thursday 2 March 2017

My name:______My phone number: ______PRIMARY METHOD(s) OF CONTACT: Email address: ______Postal address: ______Postcode______

You may be contacted via your nominated PRIMARY METHOD(s) OF CONTACT if you indicate below that you wish to be heard in support of your submission.

My interests are: [ ] owner of local property [ ] occupier of local property [ ] a representative of a company/other organisation affected by the proposal [ ] a private citizen

The address of the property affected is ...... …………………...... Postcode...... ……...... ….

The specific aspects of the application to which I make comment on are: ...... …………...... …...……………

...... …………...... ………......

I [ ] wish to be heard in support of my submission [ ] do not wish to be heard in support of my submission (Please tick one) by [ ] appearing personally [ ] being represented by the following person : ...... …...... (Cross out whichever does not apply)

Date: ...... Signature: ...... ………......

Return Address: The Secretary, Development Assessment Commission, GPO Box 1815, Adelaide, SA 5001 or [email protected].

Tailem Bend Solar Project Equis Australia

Development Application

IWI133300 23 December 2016 Final

Develop men t A pplica tion

S nowy Hydr o Li mited

Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

Tailem Bend Solar Project

Project No: Tailem Bend Solar Project Document Title: Development Application Document No.: IWI133300 Revision: V0 Date: 23 December 2016 Client Name: Equis Australia Project Manager: Lara Daddow Author: Chris Gosling

Jacobs Group (Australia) Pty Limited ABN 37 001 024 095 Level 6, 30 Flinders Street Adelaide SA 5000 Australia T +61 8 8113 5400 F +61 8 8113 5440 www.jacobs.com

© Copyright 2016 Jacobs Group (Australia) Pty Limited. The concepts and information contained in this document are the property of Jacobs. Use or copying of this document in whole or in part without the written permission of Jacobs constitutes an infringement of copyright.

Limitation: This report has been prepared on behalf of, and for the exclusive use of Jacobs’ Client, and is subject to, and issued in accordance with, the provisions of the contract between Jacobs and the Client. Jacobs accepts no liability or responsibility whatsoever for, or in respect of, any use of, or reliance upon, this report by any third party.

Document history and status

Revision Date Description By Review Approved

F 29/11/16 Technical Review CG HF LD

H 30/11/16 Draft for Equis Review CG LD LD

I 21/12/16 Final Draft for Equis Review CG LD LD

0 23/12/16 Final CG LD LD

IW133300 i Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

Contents Executive Summary ...... 1 Key Environmental Considerations...... 2 1. Introduction ...... 4 2. Statutory Requirements ...... 8 2.1 Approval Process ...... 8 2.2 Additional Approvals ...... 9 2.3 Strategic Alignment ...... 9 3. Subject Site and Project Locality ...... 12 4. Description of Development ...... 18 4.1 Proposed Layout and Key Components...... 19 4.2 Construction Phase ...... 28 4.3 Operation Phase ...... 32 5. Environmental Assessment ...... 33 5.1 Visual Amenity ...... 33 5.2 Traffic ...... 36 5.3 Aviation ...... 37 5.4 Cultural Heritage ...... 38 5.5 Vegetation...... 39 5.6 Air Quality ...... 40 5.7 Noise ...... 40 5.8 Site Contamination ...... 40 6. Development Plan Assessment ...... 43 6.1 Renewable Energy Facilities ...... 43 6.2 Visual ...... 43 6.3 Traffic and Transport ...... 44 6.4 Heritage ...... 44 6.5 Flora and Fauna ...... 45 6.6 Air Quality ...... 45 6.7 Noise ...... 46 6.8 Hazards ...... 46 6.9 Chemical Storage and Handling ...... 48 6.10 Orderly and Economic Development ...... 48 6.11 Primary Production Zone ...... 49 7. Environmental Management ...... 50 7.1 Construction ...... 50 7.2 Operation ...... 52 7.3 Repowering / Decommissioning ...... 53 8. Conclusion ...... 54 9. References ...... 55

IW133300 ii Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

Appendix A. Section 49 Endorsement Appendix B. Certificate of Title Appendix C. Proposed Development Indicative Layout and Preliminary Design Drawings Appendix D. Indicative Infrastructure and Design Details Appendix E. Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Appendix F. Preliminary Traffic Management Plan Appendix G. Vegetation Assessment Appendix H. Relevant Development Plan Policy

List of Tables Table 2-1 TBSP Alignment with Renewable Energy Target ...... 9 Table 2-2 TBSP State Policy Alignment ...... 10 Table 3-1 Details of Subject Site ...... 12 Table 4-1 Preliminary Construction Works Schedule ...... 28 Table 4-2 Estimated Construction Traffic ...... 29 Table 5-1 DPTI Road Traffic Volumes ...... 36 Table 5-2 Places of Heritage Significance ...... 38 Table 7-1 CEMP Management Measures ...... 50 Table 7-2 OEMP Management Measures ...... 52

List of Figures Figure 1-1 Equis Project Locations ...... 4 Figure 1-2 Location of the Subject Site ...... 6 Figure 1-3 Development Plan Zoning ...... 7 Figure 3-1 Local Road Network ...... 15 Figure 3-2 Surrounding Land Use ...... 16 Figure 3-3 Sensitive Receivers...... 17 Figure 4-1 Indicative Layout of the Administration/Controls and Laydown/Compound Areas ...... 20 Figure 4-2 Fixed Panel Solar Photovoltaic Modules: Lateral View (preliminary design) ...... 22 Figure 4-3 Fixed Tilt Module Layout (preliminary design) ...... 22 Figure 4-4 Solar module footing options (to be determined following geotechnical investigations) ...... 23 Figure 4-5 Indicative Battery Storage Area Structure ...... 26 Figure 4-6 Site Access/ Construction Route ...... 31 Figure 5-1 LVIA Viewpoints ...... 34 Figure 5-2 Non-Aboriginal Heritage Places within 1.5 km ...... 41 Figure 5-3 Subject Site Vegetation ...... 42

IW133300 iii Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

Executive Summary

Equis Australia Pty Ltd (Equis, the applicant) intends to develop a solar plant 2 km south-east of Tailem-Bend and 90 km south-east of Adelaide of up to 110 MW in generation capacity. The Tailem Bend Solar Project (TBSP) will generate both electricity and green credits (large-scale generation certificates) to support electricity demand in the South Australian region. Equis is Asia’s largest private renewable energy developer and investor, and has organically developed a renewable energy portfolio of 3,628MW. Equis currently manages more than US$3.6 billion of funds on behalf of large institutional investors from Europe, North America and the Asia Pacific region, including Australia. Equis and its invested platforms employ over 600 professional staff specialising in renewable energy.

The proposed solar plant will be co-located with Snowy Hydro’s diesel fired ‘peaking’ generating facility. The subject site is formally described as 261 Lime Kiln Road, Certificate of Title Volume 5195 Folio 427 in the area named Tailem Bend. Equis will lease the land for the TBSP under a long-term lease arrangement (32-year + 20- year extension option). Equis will own and operate the solar plant and will install metering within the facility substation to measure the electricity output from the solar plant. The generation profile of the TBSP will provide significantly more generation in the summer period than in winter, and significant generation in late afternoons due to the optimised layout of the north-west facing fixed solar modules. This generation profile provides electricity for Snowy Hydro and its customers during periods of higher demand.

The proposed development incorporates the following key elements: x Solar panels mounted on fixed angled racks facing north, north-west to collect and convert solar energy into electricity at the subject site. The footing type used for the modules will be either hole drive, screw drive or concrete footing dependent on geotechnical conditions. x Inverter stations which will have a typical maximum height of 3 metres above ground level. x Associated underground cables connecting groups of solar panels to inverter stations and inverter stations to the facility substation. x Habitable buildings including single storey ancillary office building and control room, and a maintenance and spare parts building (both with a maximum height of 6 m). These structures have been located at the Substation Road frontage, adjacent to additional comparable structures and sited to allow for ease of access of the workforce and to maximise the area available for solar panels. x Car parking sufficient for employees and contractors. x Laydown/compound areas and future battery storage areas. x Crossovers from Substation Road and Lime Kiln Road and internal access roads. x Drainage works, including stormwater management systems. x Security fencing around the perimeter of the power station. Signage will be clearly displayed identifying hazards present within the power station. CCTV will also be installed for security purposes. x Low-level night time lighting for safety and security purposes. The lighting incorporates infra-red technology resulting in minimal light spill beyond the boundaries of the subject site. x Lightning protection, incorporating a slim line tubular mast structure of up to 8 metres in height. Lightning protection masts will be established at (up to) every third inverter station. x Demolition of existing (unoccupied) dwelling and ancillary structures located on the subject site.

The indicative layout of the proposed development is presented in Appendix C.

This development application is submitted pursuant to Section 49 of the Development Act 1993 with the endorsement of the Department of State Development. The Section 49 process is appropriate for electricity infrastructure such as the proposed solar plant, as generation is provided for public usage and represents a service historically provided by the State.

IW133300 1 Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

A number of additional approvals under other legislation will be required prior to the construction and operation of the solar project, including approval for the clearance of native vegetation, Transmission Connection Agreement to connect the power station to the adjacent substation, and an Electricity Generation Licence for connection to the National Electricity Market.

The footprint of the proposed solar farm will occupy the majority of the subject site area to optimise energy generation. The subject site is currently leased to two parties for co-existing uses, which are: x Resource extraction – an Extractive Minerals Lease (EML 5993) is in operation on a central portion of the property and is a quarry for road base material (limestone). The mining lease for the quarry expires in August 2018. x Agricultural – the balance of land is utilised for grazing purposes by an adjacent landholder.

An existing substation (incorporating both SA Power Networks and ElectraNet infrastructure) is located adjacent to the northern boundary of the subject site, adjacent to Substation Road. The TBSP network connection would be made to this substation. A diesel peaking power station with a generation capacity of approximately 30 MW and associated structures including network connection is proposed adjacent to this existing substation, and is scheduled to commence construction in Q1 2017.

A key factor in favour of the proposed development is that as a renewable energy source it will have zero carbon emissions during operation. This project will contribute to reducing South Australia’s greenhouse gas emissions as it will provide alternative power generation to more carbon-intensive generators. The growth of renewable energy, and reductions in emissions intensity, are underpinned by the targets established in South Australia’s Strategic Plan (e.g. Targets 59, 64 and 66) and Low Carbon Emissions Investment Plan for South Australia.

Construction of the TBSP will directly support strategic national, state and local government priorities relating to the development of renewable energy facilities and the transition to a low carbon economy.

Key Environmental Considerations

Visual Amenity

A Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment was completed for the TBSP, which assessed the likely effect of the TBSP on landscape and visual amenity. Management strategies were identified to reduce the overall visual impact associated with the TBSP.

The TBSP is not anticipated to significantly alter landscape or visual amenity within the region. Intervening topography and vegetation largely screen views of the TBSP from key receptors and highly exposed locations (i.e. areas that are highly frequented). The subject site is highly disturbed by existing and historical land uses, including an operational quarry, electricity substation, numerous transmission lines and agricultural activity. As such, the subject site is not recognised for its scenic amenity.

Where visible, the project will appear as a low profile, contiguous element extending across the subject site, and is not expected to be visually dominant in comparison to the large vertical elements associated with existing electricity infrastructure that characterises the subject site. Visual changes will be moderated by the presence of the existing infrastructure (telecommunications, transmission lines and substation) visible in the region, and concentrated at the subject site.

Traffic

A preliminary Traffic Management Plan has been prepared for the TBSP. The Traffic Management Plan addresses construction vehicle access arrangements and identifies traffic management measures proposed to address traffic safety and access issues inherent with using oversized vehicles and general construction traffic.

Two access routes are proposed for construction traffic accessing the subject site; one from the Mallee Highway and one from the Dukes Highway. These access routes will direct traffic to access points on Substation Road

IW133300 2 Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

and Lime Kiln Road to access the subject site. Based on the estimated level of construction traffic, heavy vehicle movements on the Dukes and Mallee Highways are not expected to greatly alter traffic movement on the existing roads. No upgrades or alterations to the existing road network are proposed as part of this Development Application.

Anticipated traffic volumes will be highest during the construction phase of the project. Operational vehicle movements are expected to be minimal, and not have any significant impact on the local road network. Staff attendance on site will be approximately 3-5 personnel employed on a full time, on site basis. Additional staff are expected to be employed on part-time and contract basis, for specialist electrical skills, module cleaning and other maintenance requirements associated with the TBSP. Operational vehicle movements are therefore not expected to significantly impact on other road users and the local road network.

Vegetation

An assessment of ecological values at the subject site was undertaken to determine the presence of species of conservation significance (i.e. species protected under Commonwealth or State legislation). The subject site has historically been used for agricultural purposes and as such is largely cleared of native vegetation.

Small areas of degraded native vegetation are presented within the road reserve of Substation Road and Lime Kiln Road. Disturbance within roadside vegetation was high, resulting in poor overall condition of remnant native vegetation communities.

Four native trees are located within the fenced perimeter of the subject site, with three located well inside the paddock in the north east portion of the site. The trees, three mallee box and a single red mallee, are all mature without tree hollows.

No State or Commonwealth threatened flora species or plant communities were recorded during the survey. Given the highly degraded nature of the subject site, it is not considered likely that any threatened plant species or communities are present.

Cultural Heritage

A desktop heritage assessment and Aboriginal archaeological survey of the subject site was completed to determine the presence of non-Aboriginal and Aboriginal archaeological material within the boundary of the subject site.

The review of the DSD-AAR Central Archive indicated no registered or reported sites or objects of Aboriginal heritage significance within the subject site. There are a number of registered and reported sites within approximately 5 km of the site. The nearest reported site is approximately 700 m north. One State heritage place is located 50 m southwest of the subject site boundary. The project will not impact on these known heritage sites.

No Aboriginal archaeological sites or objects were recorded during the survey for the subject site.

The subject site has been assessed as being of low Aboriginal archaeological sensitivity due to the lack of temporary or permanent water sources. In addition, the site has been subject to moderate to high ground disturbance through pastoral, agricultural and industrial uses. Due to the high ground disturbance of the site the risk of finding intact Aboriginal archaeological sites or objects is very low. It is unlikely that sub-surface Aboriginal archaeological sites or objects will be found, particularly given the shallow soils present.

IW133300 3 Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

1. Introduction

Equis (the applicant) is proposing development of a solar farm in Tailem Bend with a generation capacity of up to 110 MW, representing a construction cost of $160 to $180 million. Equis has recently established Equis Australia, with the aim of developing and operating renewable power generation facilities throughout Australia. Equis has a particular focus on renewable energy projects and has extensive experience in the solar sector, with a wide range of developments across south-east Asia.

Equis is Asia’s largest private renewable energy developer and investor, and has organically developed a renewable energy portfolio of 3,628MW. Equis currently manages more than US$3.6 billion of funds on behalf of large institutional investors from Europe, North America and the Asia Pacific region, including Australia. Equis and its invested platforms employ over 600 professional staff specialising in renewable energy.

A summary of Equis’ project experience is shown in Figure 1-1.

Figure 1-1 Equis Project Locations

This development application has been prepared by Jacobs on behalf of Equis Australia for development authorisation for the Tailem Bend Solar Project (TBSP) at 261 Lime Kiln Road, Tailem Bend (the subject site). The location of the subject site, in relation to Adelaide, is shown in Figure 1-2. The subject site is located within the area of the Coorong District Council and is situated within the Primary Production Zone of the Coorong District Council Development Plan (the Development Plan) (refer Figure 1-3).

IW133300 4 Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

The TBSP will be co-located with Snowy Hydro’s proposed diesel fired ‘peaking’ generating facility. Equis will own and operate the solar plant and will install metering within the facility substation to measure the electricity output from the solar plant. Equis will lease the land for the solar plant under a long-term lease arrangement (32-year + 20-year extension option). The co-location of the TBSP and diesel plant provides for a complementary generation profile, for both intermediate load and peaking capacity from the same site. These facilities will be able to operate in parallel to efficiently meet South Australia’s electricity demand. The diesel project was endorsed by the Department for State Development (DSD) as a public infrastructure project as a Section 49 submission, with the development application submitted on 19 August 2016 and approved subject to conditions on 22 December 2016. The TBSP has also been endorsed by the DSD as public infrastructure, and this development application is submitted pursuant to Section 49 of the Development Act 1993.

To support the preparation of this development application, consultation has been undertaken with relevant project stakeholders including the Coorong District Council and the Development Assessment Commission.

This report has been prepared to support the development application for the proposed TBSP at the subject site, and includes: x A summary of the statutory requirements applicable to this development application and the alignment of the TBSP with State and National strategic objectives (Section 2). x A description of the subject site and project locality (Section 3 ). x A detailed description of the proposed development (Section 4). x A summary of the environmental impact assessment studies and the anticipated environmental impacts of the project (Section 5). x An assessment of the proposed development against the relevant principles of the Coorong District Council Development Plan (Section 6). x Endorsement of the TBSP as ‘public infrastructure’ by the Department of State Development for assessment under Section 49 of the Development Act 1993 (Appendix A). x Certificate of Title for the subject site (Appendix B). x An indicative site plan, locality plan, elevations and other relevant design information (Appendix C and Appendix D). x Detailed technical investigations which have informed the preparation of this development application; including Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment (Appendix E), Traffic Management Plan (Appendix F) and a Vegetation Assessment (Appendix G). x Relevant Coorong Council Development Plan Policy (Appendix H).

IW133300 5 Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

Figure 1-2 Location of the Subject Site

IW133300 6 Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

Figure 1-3 Development Plan Zoning

IW133300 7 Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

2. Statutory Requirements

This section identifies the key approval requirements for construction and operation of the TBSP. It also considers the strategic alignment of the TBSP with relevant National and State policy objectives.

2.1 Approval Process

This development application is submitted pursuant to Section 49 of the Development Act 1993 (the Act) with the endorsement of the DSD (refer to Appendix A for DSD endorsement letter).

Under Section 49, public infrastructure incorporates ‘… infrastructure, equipment, structures, works and other facilities used in or connection with the supply of… electricity…’.

The Act defines infrastructure for the purposes of electricity generation as ‘electricity infrastructure, in accordance with the definition provided in Section 4 of the Electricity Act 1996’. The establishment of the TBSP at the subject site represents the development of Electricity Infrastructure:

Electricity Act 1996, Section 4, Electricity Infrastructure means— a) electricity generating plant; and b) powerlines; and c) substations for converting, transforming or controlling electricity; and d) equipment for metering, monitoring or controlling electricity; and e) any wires, equipment or other things (including tunnels and cavities) used for, or in connection with, the generation, transmission, distribution or supply of electricity; and f) anything declared by regulation to form part of electricity infrastructure,

but does not include anything declared by regulation not to form part of electricity infrastructure;

The Section 49 process is considered the appropriate approval process for the development as the TBSP is ‘electricity generating plant’ and ‘substations for converting, transforming or controlling electricity’. The electricity generated from TBSP will be provided for public usage and represents a service historically provided by the State. The Minister (or delegate) is the relevant authority for applications submitted pursuant to Section 49. The Development Assessment Commission supports this process through assessment of the application and a report to the Minister. The Minister (or delegate) may, after receiving a report from the Development Assessment Commission, approve or refuse the development.

2.1.1 Public Notification

The proposed development has an estimated cost of construction of $160 to $180million. Accordingly, public notification for a period of 15 business days is required pursuant to subsection 49(7(d)) of the Act as the cost of the proposed development is greater than $4 million.

2.1.2 Statutory Referrals

In accordance with Section 49 of the Act, and Schedule 8 of the Development Regulations 2008 (the Regulations), the following statutory referrals will be required: x Commissioner of Highways – the TBSP will temporarily change the nature of movement at two access points from arterial roads during the construction period to facilitate the delivery of project components. x Coorong Council – the TBSP is proposed within the Coorong District Council and a referral is required. The statutory referrals will be facilitated by the Development Assessment Commission following lodgement of this development application.

IW133300 8 Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

2.2 Additional Approvals

A range of additional approvals will be required prior to the construction and operation of the TBSP, including: x Approval for the clearance of native vegetation required to create / upgrade access points to the subject site; two located on Lime Kiln Road and one on Substation Road, in accordance with Section 27 of the Native Vegetation Act 1991. The native vegetation clearance application will be submitted separately to the Native Vegetation Council prior to the commencement of construction. x Network Connection agreement to connect the TBSP to the adjacent substation in accordance with the National Electricity Rules. x Electricity Generation Licence for connection to the National Electricity Market in accordance with the requirements of the Electricity Act 1996.

Other approvals (e.g. heavy vehicle permits) may be required subject to the construction methodology of the construction contractor and will be obtained by the appointed contractor prior to the commencement of construction.

2.3 Strategic Alignment

The TBSP will provide various economic and energy security benefits to South Australia, which in turn support the attainment of a range of identified state and national strategic priorities. The TBSP will: x Support regional energy supplies. x Provide a stimulus to the local economy. x Contribute to the overall reduction of South Australia’s greenhouse gas emissions through the growth of renewable energy sources.

2.3.1 Alignment with National Policy Objectives

The TBSP will complement and increase the generation of renewable energy within South Australia and the broader National Electricity Market. Australia’s Renewable Energy Target (RET) emphasises the need to reduce greenhouse gases, specifically in the electricity generation sector through the encouragement of additional sustainable and renewable sources. The RET targets both large-scale and small scale renewable generation. The RET envisages that by 2020, 20 percent of Australia’s electricity supply will be derived by renewable sources. The proposed TBSP supports the achievement of the RET through generation of additional renewable energy. The alignment of the TBSP with the various components of the RET are identified in Table 2-1.

Table 2-1 TBSP Alignment with Renewable Energy Target

Objective/ Target Project Alignment

20 per cent of Australia’s electricity supply will be derived from Establishment of up to 110 MW of renewable energy generation renewable energy sources by 2020 within the South Australian market (205 GWh). Minimum of 33,000 Gigawatt-hour (GWh) of Australia’s electricity New renewable energy generation taking advantage of SA solar comes from renewable sources by 2020 resources.

15,200 new jobs between now and 2030 Job creation and opportunities for local contractors / suppliers during construction phase and ongoing maintenance. The construction workforce is estimated to have a peak of 150-200 people over the 14-month construction period. During operations, 3-5 full-time staff are expected to be employed at the site in addition to a number of part-time and contract staff for specialist electrical skills, module cleaning and other maintenance requirements.

$40.4 billion in new investment, $10 billion in large-scale, $30.4 Investment of $160 to $180 million in regional SA. billion in small-scale Opportunities for local contractors / suppliers during construction phase and ongoing maintenance.

IW133300 9 Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

Objective/ Target Project Alignment

Enough electricity to power the equivalent of at least 5 million Additional local (SA) generation. Reduced reliance on interstate average homes per year supply via the interconnector. Generation of enough electricity to power the equivalent of 39,000 average South Australian homes per year.

2.3.2 Alignment with State Policy Objectives

The TBSP will provide a number of economic and energy security benefits to South Australia which in turn support the attainment of a range of State strategic priorities. The State strategic priorities are identified within the following documents: x SA Strategic Plan (Government of South Australia, 2011) – the overarching strategic plan, providing a blueprint for the development of the State. x SA’s Ten Economic Priorities (Government of South Australia 2016) – the top economic focus areas identified as growth areas within the State. x Strategic Infrastructure Plan for South Australia (Government of South Australia, 2005) – the overarching State framework for the planning and delivery of infrastructure. x SA Low Carbon Investment Plan (Government of South Australia, 2014) – the key strategies identified by the State to support current and future low carbon investments

The alignment with each of these plans is summarised in Table 2-2.

Table 2-2 TBSP State Policy Alignment

Objective/ Target Project Alignment

State Strategic Plan

Target 38: Business investment Investment of $160 to $180 million in regional SA. Exceed Australia’s ratio of business investment as a percentage of Opportunities for local contractors / suppliers during construction the economy by 2014 and maintain thereafter. phase and ongoing maintenance.

Target 47: Jobs Job creation and opportunities for local contractors / suppliers Increase employment by 2% each year from 2010 to 2016. during construction phase and ongoing maintenance. The construction workforce is estimated to have a peak of 150-200 people over the 14-month construction period. During operations, 3-5 full-time staff are expected to be employed at site in addition to a number of part-time and contract staff for specialist electrical skills, module cleaning and other maintenance requirements.

Target 49: Unemployment Job creation and opportunities for local contractors / suppliers Maintain equal or lower than the Australian average through to during construction phase and ongoing maintenance. 2020. The construction workforce is estimated to have a peak of 150-200 people over the 14-month construction period. During operations, 3-5 full-time staff are expected to be employed at site in addition to a number of part-time and contract staff for specialist electrical skills, module cleaning and other maintenance requirements.

Target 59: Greenhouse gas emissions reduction Additional local (SA) generation. Reduced reliance on interstate Achieve the Kyoto target by limiting the states greenhouse gas supply via the interconnector. emissions to 108% of 1990 levels during 2008-2012, as a first step Establishment of up to an additional 110 MW of renewable energy towards reducing emissions by 60% (to40% of 1990 levels) by generation within the South Australian market (205 GWh). 2050.

Target 64: Renewable energy Additional local (SA) generation. Reduced reliance on interstate Support the development of renewable energy so that it comprises supply via the interconnector.

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Objective/ Target Project Alignment

33% of the state’s electricity production by 2020. Establishment of up to an additional 110 MW of renewable energy generation within the South Australian market (205 GWh).

Target 66: Emissions intensity Establishment of up to an additional 110 MW of renewable energy Limit the carbon intensity of total South Australian electricity generation within the South Australian market (205 GWh). generation to 0.5 tonnes of CO2/MWh by 2020.

SA’s Ten Economic Priorities

Unlocking the full potential of South Australia's resources, energy New renewable energy generation taking advantage of SA solar and renewable assets. resources.

Low Carbon Investment Plan for SA

Strategy 1: Clear Policy and Efficient Regulatory Environment Investment of $160 to $180 million in low carbon electricity Target of $10 billion in low carbon investment and 50 per cent of generation in regional SA. electricity production by renewable energy by 2025 Establishment of a large scale solar project in regional SA. To support the uptake of solar energy.

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3. Subject Site and Project Locality

The subject site is located 2 km south-east of Tailem Bend and 90 km south-east of Adelaide (Figure 1-2). The subject site is presented in Plate 3-1 and Plate 3-2, with the key details of the subject site are provided in Table 3-1.

Table 3-1 Details of Subject Site

Feature Description

Formal description: 261 Lime Kiln Road, Certificate of Title Volume 5195 Folio 427 in the area named Tailem Bend (Plate 3-3). A small portion of the property has been excised to the adjacent substation (approved but not yet deposited) as a result of boundary realignment (as shown in Figure 3-1).

Ownership details: The subject site is owned by Snowy Hydro. Equis will lease the land for the TBSP under a long-term lease arrangement (32-year + 20-year extension option). A copy of the Certificate of Title for the subject site is presented in Appendix B.

Site area: The subject site is irregular in shape, covering an area of 283.3 ha.

Existing land uses The subject site is currently leased to two parties for co-existing uses. The existing uses of the subject site include: and infrastructure x Resource extraction – an Extractive Minerals Lease (EML 5993) is in operation on a central portion of the on the subject site: property and is a quarry for road base material (limestone). The quarry operator has a lease with the owner of the property and it is understood that the lease expires in August 2018. x Agricultural – the balance of land is utilised for grazing purposes by an adjacent landholder. Existing high voltage transmission lines are present within registered easements connecting to the ElectraNet substation. The easements are located to the south and east of the substation, and are avoided by the layout of the TBSP. Distribution transmission lines from the SA Power Networks substation are aligned within the road reserve of Substation Road on the northern side of the subject site.

Surrounding land The subject site is bound by: uses: x Substation Road to the north (Plate 3-4) x Lime Kiln Road to the south and west x Private property to the east. The subject site has a frontage to Substation Road of approximately 2.3 kilometres and Lime Kiln Road of approximately 3 kilometres. Surrounding land use is predominately agricultural, with scattered rural dwellings (refer to Figure 3-2). There is also a Motorsport Park under development to the south of the Mallee Highway. Existing SA Power Networks and ElectraNet substations are located adjacent to the northern boundary of the subject site. The TBSP network connection would be made to the ElectraNet substation. A diesel peaking power station with a generation capacity of approximately 30 MW and associated structures including substation and network connection is proposed adjacent to the existing substations, and is scheduled to commence construction in December 2016.

Sensitive receivers: The closest sensitive receiver is a dwelling located to the north-east, approximately 30 metres from the boundary of the subject site. There are a further five dwellings within 100 metres of the subject site, as shown in Figure 3-3. Consultation with Coorong District Council has indicated that no additional dwellings have been approved, or are currently proposed within 1km of the subject site (as at 28 October 2016, R Browne 2016, personal communications).

Local road The Mallee Highway runs east-west, approximately 200 metres south of the nearest point of the subject site. The network: Dukes Highway runs north-south and is approximately 200 metres west of the nearest point of the subject site. An overview of the local road network is shown in Figure 3-1.

Vegetation: The subject site has historically been utilised for agricultural purposes and as such is largely cleared of native vegetation. Small areas of degraded native vegetation are present within the road reserve of Substation Road and Lime Kiln Road. No State or Commonwealth threatened flora species or plant communities were recorded during the survey. Given the highly degraded nature of the subject site, it is not considered likely that any threatened plant species or communities are present.

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Plate 3-1 Subject site, viewed from Lime Kiln Road

Plate 3-2 Subject site, viewed from Substation Road

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Plate 3-3 Tailem Bend: closest town to subject site

Plate 3-4 Substation Road, located adjacent to subject site

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Figure 3-1 Local Road Network

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Figure 3-2 Surrounding Land Use

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Figure 3-3 Sensitive Receivers

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4. Description of Development

The proposed TBSP involves establishing a solar photovoltaic power station with a generation capacity of up to 110 MW and associated ancillary infrastructure. The TBSP will service electricity demand in South Australia and support the proposed diesel peaking power station, co-located on the subject site.

Solar photovoltaic (solar panel) technology uses manufactured semiconductor material to absorb and convert sunlight into electricity. Each solar panel contains a series of interconnected cells that convert sunlight directly into electricity. The solar panels produce energy in the form of direct current (DC), which is converted to alternating current (AC) via a solar inverter.

Groups of solar panels are connected to each inverter by underground cabling and the inverters are linked together to collect the total energy being produced. Step-up transformers, that increase the voltage to 33kV, are housed in the inverter containers. Underground lines are run from each inverter station to the facility substation where the voltage is again stepped up via one or more transformers to match the voltage of the transmission network.

The solar panels will be mounted on fixed-angle racks to collect and convert solar energy into electricity. The panels will be installed in parallel rows, and there will be approximately 4 metres spacing between each row. A detailed overview of solar technology and a description of the fixed angled panels is provided in Section 4.1.2.

Ancillary infrastructure is included as part of the proposed TBSP to support the functions of the solar technology. Ancillary infrastructure elements are listed in Section 4.1.1 and described further in Sections 4.1.3 to 4.1.12.

The indicative project layout (Appendix C) depicts the TBSP covering the entirety of the subject site. The final layout of the project is anticipated to utilise approximately 200 ha of the 283 ha subject site, for a total generation capacity of up to 110 MW. As detailed in Section 4.1.13 the final project layout depends on a number of factors and will be determined during detailed design. An indicative layout of the administration/controls and laydown/compound areas is illustrated in Figure 4-1.

Plate 4-1 provides an example of a recent Equis solar project under constructed in Negros, Philippines.

Plate 4-1 Equis 132MW Solar Power Station Negros, Philippines: Construction Phase

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4.1 Proposed Layout and Key Components

The TBSP incorporates the solar plant and supporting ancillary infrastructure. Each major component of the proposed development is identified and discussed in further detail below.

4.1.1 Summary components

The proposed development incorporates the following elements: x Solar modules – mounted on fixed angled racks x Module footings and racking for solar modules x Inverter stations x Associated underground cables connecting groups of solar panels to inverter stations and inverter stations to the facility substation x Administration and controls area including: - Control room and site office with amenities - Maintenance and spare parts building - Car parking sufficient for employees and contractors during operation of the TBSP x Laydown/compound area and future battery storage area x Crossovers from Substation Road and Lime Kiln Road and internal access roads x Drainage works, including stormwater management systems x Security fencing and CCTV will be installed x Low-level night time lighting x Lightning protection x Demolition of existing (unoccupied) dwelling and ancillary structures located on the subject site.

The indicative project layout, including elevations is shown in Appendix C.

An indicative layout of the administration/controls and laydown/compound areas is illustrated in Figure 4-1.

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Figure 4-1 Indicative Layout of the Administration/Controls and Laydown/Compound Areas

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4.1.2 Solar Technology

The proposed solar technology has been designed and sited to minimise impacts from glare or glint, while maximising generation capability.

Solar panels (modules) are designed to absorb sunlight, not reflect and are coated with a layer of anti-reflective material that allows the sunlight to pass through but minimises reflection. The operation of solar technology requires minimal glare, as reflected light is contradictory to efficient generation of electricity. Despite this, a small proportion of light is reflected from the panels.

Design measures to minimise glare/glint impacts from the solar technology include: x Coating the solar panels with a layer of anti-reflective material which allows for sunlight to pass through to the silicon. x Minimising the thickness of the aluminium frame on the solar panels. x The specific layout and orientation of the solar photovoltaic panels to face away from surrounding highways and major roads. Any glare or glint produced from the panels will be directed north of the subject site, therefore not having the ability to impact vehicle movements on the Duke Highway or Mallee Highway.

The indicative fixed panel solar photovoltaic modules design and layout plans are attached in Appendix C and are discussed in further detail below.

4.1.2.1 Fixed Panel Solar Photovoltaic Modules

The solar panels will be mounted on fixed angled racks. The typical height of the bottom of the solar modules will be 0.8 metres above ground level. The maximum height of modules will be 4 metres above ground level.

The photovoltaic area of the TBSP will cover approximately 200 ha of the 283 ha subject site. The modules will generally be facing north, north-west on the subject site. All components of the solar photovoltaic modules will be static. Figure 4-2 provides a lateral view of the proposed panels, illustrating the relevant lateral angles and the defined spacing of the rows. The proposed module layout is shown in Figure 4-3.

The preliminary design of the fixed panel mounting structures is based on the following parameters: x Angle from lowest side of the photovoltaic module to the ground of between 17 and 23°. x 3.76 metres in length of the total surface area of the solar photovoltaic modules and 3.74 metres in distance separating each mounting structure x Total of 7.5 metres required for both panel and required distance separating the panels. The design of the solar modules will be refined during detailed design and may be subject to further refinements prior to construction. Data sheets for indicative solar modules are provided in Appendix D.

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Figure 4-2 Fixed Panel Solar Photovoltaic Modules: Lateral View (preliminary design)

Figure 4-3 Fixed Tilt Module Layout (preliminary design)

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4.1.2.2 Module Footings

The footing type to be used for the modules will be either screw pile, concrete or concrete filling pile footing (as illustrated in Figure 4-4) dependent on the geotechnical conditions across the subject site. Final footing selection will be determined during detailed design.

Figure 4-4 Solar module footing options (to be determined following geotechnical investigations)

4.1.3 Inverter Stations

The solar panels produce energy in the form of direct current (DC), which is converted to alternating current (AC) via a solar inverter, to allow the solar generated energy to be fed into the electricity grid. Utility-scale inverters harvest the maximum power from the solar photovoltaic array over a wide range of operating conditions (e.g. solar irradiation, temperature and shading).

The final type, design and therefore quantity of the inverter stations to be used for the TBSP are yet to be finalised. Final selection will be dependent on relative cost, efficiency and reliability of units available on the market at the time of detailed design phase.

However, it is expected that the inverter units will not exceed a height of three metres. The final selection of inverters will identify the units most appropriate for the site to minimise maintenance requirements and have greater reliability, including some degree of redundancy.

The indicative site layout, attached as Appendix C, identifies preliminary location of the inverters throughout the subject site. Data sheets for indicative inverters are provided in Appendix D.

4.1.4 Connections

The solar energy generated from the TBSP will be exported to the transmission network. Existing SA Power Networks and ElectraNet substations are located within a single compound adjacent to the northern boundary of the subject site. The TBSP network connection will be made to the ElectraNet substation via a facility substation (that is subject to a separate development approval process). Initial connection inquiries confirmed the feasibility of connecting to the electricity network at this location and following confirmation of the preferred connection option a formal connection application is being progressed with ElectraNet. The existing substations are depicted in Plate 4-2 and Plate 4-3.

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Plate 4-2 Existing substation and transmission / distribution lines located on subject site

Plate 4-3 Existing substation and transmission / distribution lines located on subject site - located on Substation Road

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4.1.5 Administration and Controls Area

An indicative layout of the administration/controls and laydown/compound areas is illustrated in Figure 4-1. Note the final design for the project is subject to a range of factors as detailed in Section 4.1.13.

The administration and control area will incorporate habitable buildings including a single ancillary office building and control room, and a maintenance and spare parts building. These structures have been located at the Substation Road frontage, adjacent to additional comparable structures and sited to allow for ease of access of the workforce and to maximise the area available for solar panels. Amenities and car parking will also be provided in the administration and controls area. This area may also be used as a laydown and storage area during the construction phase.

4.1.5.1 Control Room and Site Office / Maintenance and Spare Parts Buildings

The proposed buildings will be single storey structures with heights under 6 m. The control room will be the centralised control area for managing operations associated with the TBSP. The site office will be the administrative centre for the TBSP, and will house permanent staff associated with the facility. An example of the buildings is provided in Plate 4-4. Data sheets for an indicative control room are provided in Appendix D.

Plate 4-4 Example building

4.1.5.2 Car parking

Car parking will be located in the vicinity of the control room and site office to accommodate staff, visitors and temporary contractor parking (note that following sign-in to the site, contractors/tradespeople required to access the solar fields will drive their vehicle directly to the site of work and will not require a formal car parking area).

4.1.5.3 Amenities

The administration and control area will be connected to the mains water and electricity supply present at Substation Road to provide amenities for the buildings. A suitably sized sewage treatment system will be installed to manage wastewater from the amenities.

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4.1.6 Laydown/Compound Area

An indicative layout of the administration/controls and laydown/compound areas is illustrated in Figure 4-1.

The laydown/compound area will be utilised during construction and for battery storage infrastructure post- construction. It is not expected all the laydown/compound areas will be utilised for battery storage. The final sizing and siting of the battery storage depends on a range of factors as detailed in Section 4.1.13.

4.1.6.1 Battery Storage

Battery storage is proposed at the TBSP for the storage of solar energy to allow the facility to continue to distribute power into the evening. The battery storage area is expected to include a combination of solid structures (to house the batteries) and a range of cables and overhead conductors. The specific height of structures within the battery storage area is yet to be determined but is expected not to exceed 8.5 metres in height.

Advances in battery storage technology have been continuous and rapid. Commercial scale battery storage is a relatively new technology that is rapidly evolving and decreasing in cost. As such, battery storage at the TBSP will be established when it is commercially viable to do so. The preferred battery storage option for the project (and more broadly for the electricity network) may be a technology solution that is not immediately available and the battery storage technology to be implemented for the TBSP is not yet finalised, meaning the total area, location and battery storage capacity for the TBSP is indicative only, and subject to final selection and detailed design.

The battery storage area will be located at the north of the subject site (refer to Appendix C). It is expected to comprise enclosed steel structures, similar in resemblance to 40-foot shipping containers (refer to Figure 4-5). This storage method allows for easy installation and removal and contains all equipment in a secure area.

Figure 4-5 Indicative Battery Storage Area Structure

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4.1.7 Site Access and Internal Access Roads

Site access is proposed at three locations. A new cross-over is proposed at the location of the administration and controls area on Substation Road. The use of two existing site access points on Lime Kiln Road is also proposed – at the existing quarry access road and at an existing access point in the south-east of the subject site. The access points are illustrated on Figure 4-6.

Both the access points on Lime Kiln Road require crossing the Tailem Bend - Pinaroo railway line. Both railway crossings are passive, and controlled only with signage. The railway line is operated by Genesee and Wyoming Australia Pty Ltd. At the south-eastern Lime Kiln Road access point, a warning signage may need to be relocated to facilitate vehicle access. Signage relocation or any other remedial works will be undertaken prior to the use of the crossing, and after consultation with the asset owner (Genesee and Wyoming and / or Coorong District Council).

An indicative internal access road layout and design is provided in Appendix C. The internal access roads will be sufficient to allow for vehicle manoeuvring including large vehicle deliveries.

4.1.8 Drainage works, including stormwater management system Drainage and stormwater management design will be completed at the detailed design stage. Additional information on proposed stormwater management is provided in Section 4.3.3.

4.1.9 Fencing and Security

Security fencing will be installed around the perimeter of the solar plant. Signage will be clearly displayed identifying hazards present within the solar plant. A preliminary fencing design drawing is provided in Appendix C.

CCTV will also be used to manage security on the subject site. A preliminary design of the structures is provided in Appendix C.

4.1.10 Lighting

Low-level night time lighting will be installed for safety and security purposes. The lighting incorporates infra-red technology resulting in minimal light spill beyond the boundaries of the subject site.

4.1.11 Lightning Protection

Lightning protection will be incorporated into the TBSP. Lightening protection masts will be established for every third or fourth inverter station, with the final number and siting to be determined during detailed design. The lightning protection masts are thin, tubular structures, approximately 8 m high with a concrete base and earthing. An indicative lightning protection system is presented in Appendix C.

4.1.12 Landscaping

No landscaping is proposed on the subject site following the construction of the TBSP. Given the scale and extent of the proposed development and the low level of visual impact, providing landscaping which is adequate to screen the entire subject site is not considered practical. Targeted landscaping may be established to support erosion control and improved amenity adjacent to car parking areas and control room/site office, but this is anticipated to be minimal.

4.1.13 Final Project Layout

The indicative project layout (Appendix C) depicts the TBSP covering the entirety of the subject site. The final layout of the project is anticipated to utilise approximately 200 ha of the 283 ha subject site, for a total generation capacity of approximately 110 MW. The final project layout will be determined following the completion of detailed design, and will be impacted by:

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x The footprint and operational status of the quarry: the boundaries of the mining lease and quarry will be determined by a site survey during detailed design. Additionally, the existing mineral lease is due to expire in August 2018. Should the quarry continue to operate beyond this date, the TBSP would be sited to avoid conflict. x Final selection of panels and other project components: the physical and operational requirements of the various plant required by the TBSP (e.g. solar panels and inverters) will influence the final layout, spacing between panels and the number of ancillary plant required (inverters, lightning protection etc.). x Detailed geotechnical investigation: an intrusive investigation to determine the geotechnical characteristics of the site will influence the final footing selection and may result in minor alterations to the project layout. x Nature of power purchase agreement: the final power purchase agreement for electricity generated by the TBSP will influence the final capacity of the TBSP and the overall final footprint.

As a result of the uncertainty in the project layout, the following information will be submitted to the Minister for Planning prior to the commencement of construction: x The final design, specification and layout of all solar panels. x The final design, specification and layout of the inverters, buildings, infrastructure, fencing, earthworks, landscaping, and proposed access points to the local road network. x The final design, specification and layout of any office/control building, storage facility, monitoring stations, maintenance, construction and temporary facilities. x The final alignment and design of any above-ground transmission lines. x The final design, specification and layout of the battery storage facility.

4.2 Construction Phase

4.2.1 Construction Programme

The earliest timing for the proposed TBSP to be operational is mid-2018. This is dependent upon market and construction variables. Construction is expected to commence in Q2 2017, with an approximate total construction period of fourteen months (i.e. construction complete in Q2 2018).

The main components of the construction programme include: x Civil works. x Establishment of the solar modules and inverters. x Infrastructure connection. x Commissioning of the high voltage and electrical connection.

The commissioning process is expected to be complete in Q2 2018. A preliminary construction schedule is shown in Table 4-1.

Table 4-1 Preliminary Construction Works Schedule

Construction Phase Timeframe

Detailed design works Mar 2017 – May 2017

Site civil works Apr 2017 – Jan 2018

Delivery of equipment Jun 2017 – Jan 2018

Installation Aug 2017 – Feb 2018

Commissioning & Testing Nov 2017 – Jun 2018

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4.2.2 Construction Workforce Employment generation during the construction period is expected to be approximately 150-200 full time equivalent (FTE) jobs. The 150-200 FTE roles are directly generated by the project. Additional support to local employment is also anticipated during the construction period with a preference for local goods and skills provision, and spending in local retail and services by construction employees.

4.2.3 Temporary Construction Facilities Temporary facilities will be established during construction to provide basic amenities for construction workers and temporary laydown and storage areas for construction materials. The requirements for temporary facilities will be determined by the construction contractor, however are anticipated to include: x Site office. x Temporary toilet facilities. x Laydown areas. x Temporary car parking (informal). Due to the size of the subject site and available land, all temporary construction facilities will be accommodated within the subject site.

4.2.4 Utilities The construction contractor will be responsible for providing power and water required to support construction activities. It is anticipated that the first site activity will be establishment of a permanent auxiliary power supply, so it can be used to supply power during the construction period. Should this not be possible, power will be supplied by portable generators. It is anticipated that construction water requirements will be trucked in.

4.2.5 Vehicle Movements A summary indicating the estimated number of vehicle movements expected during construction of the TBSP is provided in Table 4-2. It is important to note that dependent on the construction methodology of the contractor, traffic volumes may vary from these predicted estimates.

Table 4-2 Estimated Construction Traffic

Vehicle Movements (Total Average Daily Movements Vehicle Type Construction Period1) (Total Construction Period1)

Material Delivery Modules 708 -

Posts 80 -

Tilts 22 -

Tables 217 -

Electrical / Cable 107 -

Inverters 46 -

E-building 4 -

DC Combiner Box 2 -

CCTV 2 -

Construction Vehicles Cranes and / or Earth Moving Equipment 379 -

TOTAL Heavy Vehicles1 1567 5

Light Vehicles Personal vehicles and private transport 10,052 -

TOTAL Light Vehicles1 10,052 34

TOTAL Vehicles1 11,619 39 1This number represents the vehicles travelling to the subject site; therefore the total number of trips generated (in/out of the subject site) will be double what is shown in the table.

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Oversized and overmass vehicles may be used to transport the major components of the TBSP including the inverters and transformers. These major components are most likely to be sourced in Adelaide and are anticipated to access the site from the Dukes Highway or the Mallee Highway. The majority of construction traffic (i.e. light vehicles and trucks) are anticipated to access the site from Murray Bridge or Adelaide.

Two access routes are proposed for construction traffic accessing the subject site: x The Mallee Highway Access (originating from the Dukes Highway) is proposed to be the principal point of access to the subject site. Construction traffic accessing the site from Murray Bridge / Adelaide would access the Mallee Highway from the Dukes Highway, south of Tailem Bend. From the Mallee Highway, traffic will turn left onto Lime Kiln Road. Access to the subject site will be via an access point off Substation Road, or Lime Kiln Road. x The Dukes Highway Access is identified as an alternate access point for vehicles less than 11 m in length.

The construction and maintenance of internal access roads shall provide for safe and orderly movement of vehicles and minimise scarring to the landscape. Internal roads will be designed to meet construction, operational and safety requirements.

The site access and construction route is shown in Figure 4-6, which identifies the primary access route and the secondary access routes proposed for construction of the TBSP.

4.2.6 Waste Management

Construction waste management procedures will be implemented via a Construction Environment Management Plan (CEMP). Specific measures to be incorporated will include: x Construction waste will be separated into different streams to facilitate recycling with waste removed from the site by a licensed contractor as appropriate. x Liquid waste (including hydrocarbons, paints and solvents) will be stored in sealed drums or containers in a bunded area before removal from the site by an EPA licensed contractor for recycling, where possible, or disposal to a licensed facility. x During construction, temporary ablution facilities will be serviced by pump-out tanker trucks, used with off- site disposal by a licensed contractor.

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Figure 4-6 Site Access/ Construction Route

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4.3 Operation Phase

4.3.1 Operating Workforce

It is expected that 3-5 permanent full time staff will be required to run the facility during operations. The permanent staff will be located in the site office. The operation workforce requirements will remain consistent for the full-time on site workers throughout the year and the hours of work are not dependent on the amount of energy being generated. Specialist contractors will be on-call to assist with maintenance activities including weed control, internal access road maintenance and module cleaning. It is anticipated the panels will be cleaned on a minimal basis, as required depending on the soiling conditions of the panels and the annual rainfall.

4.3.2 Utilities

The site will be connected to electricity and water at Substation Road. Two water connection options are being investigated: x Separate line. x Share line with the diesel power station.

Requirements for disposal of sewerage during operations are considered small as there will be minimal staff on site at any one time. Sewerage management will comprise either: x Installation of a small on-site sewerage treatment system such as a BioCycle; or x Installing holding tanks to be pumped out and disposed of at a suitably licenced facility.

4.3.3 Stormwater Management

Runoff from the administration and control area and laydown and compound area (which is a small area of the subject site) may increase compared with current levels as a result of an increase in impervious surfaces, e.g. buildings and car parks.

Runoff from the majority of the site, i.e. solar array, is likely to remain the same as current levels. The areas underneath and surrounding the solar modules will not be impervious but will be retained substantially in the current condition and allow infiltration of rainfall. Drainage will be designed for all project-disturbed areas to ensure there is no increase in developed flow intensity/frequency beyond the site boundaries. The following key principles will be incorporated into the detailed design of the project to appropriately manage stormwater runoff: x Surface water runoff will be discharged to match existing drainage patterns (if any) as much as possible. x All drainage works will be designed and constructed to prevent scour and erosion. Additional protection measures will be included as required at locations particularly susceptible to scour/erosion (i.e. check dams or rocked lined channels on slopes, rock armour or rock mattresses at stormwater discharge locations). x All drainage works will be formed to provide a consistent fall along drainage lines and to avoid flat spots, where water may be subject to collection adjacent to the TBSP infrastructure.

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5. Environmental Assessment

The following section summarises the outcomes of technical investigations undertaken to determine the feasibility of the TBSP including existing site conditions and the relevant environmental impacts.

5.1 Visual Amenity

A Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment (LVIA) was undertaken to assess the likely effect of the TBSP on landscape and visual amenity. The LVIA considered the sensitivity of the landscape to change, the presence of publicly accessible locations, vantage points and key tourist viewing areas, and identified management strategies to reduce the overall visual impact.

No specific guidelines relating to the assessment of landscape and visual impacts in South Australia are available. As a result, the method for this LVIA was developed with reference, where appropriate, to the Guidelines for Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment (Landscape Institute & I.E.M.A 2013) and Visual Landscape Planning in Western Australia (Department for Planning and Infrastructure, 2007). The LVIA has been attached as Appendix E. The LVIA used desktop study, site visits and photography landscape context analysis to: x Describe the existing environment: topography, vegetation and landscape types. x Identify key receptors: major roads, parks and reserves, townships, tourist sites and residential properties. x Assess the impact of the development: Changes to landscape and visual amenity were assessed at nominated viewpoints surrounding the TBSP (refer to Figure 5-1). Visual change was assessed based on three key criteria (distance, sensitivity and exposure), each of which were assigned a value of ‘high’, ‘medium’, or ‘low’ to form a rating of overall visual change. x Development management strategies (where required).

The LVIA identified and took into account the following design measures which will be incorporated into the project to reduce impacts: x The proposed lighting incorporates infra-red technology that results in minimal light spill beyond the boundaries of the subject site. x Where practicable, buildings and structures will be of muted, earthen tones consistent with dominant colours in the landscape; highly reflective materials will be avoided to avoid glare and reduce the visibility of buildings and structures. x To minimise glare from the panels: - Orientation of the panels to face north, north-west resulting only in the rear of the panels being visible from the Highways. - The solar panels are designed with a layer of anti-reflective material that allows the sunlight to pass through, but minimises reflection. - Current proposed solar panels reflect as little as 2% of the incoming sunlight.

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Figure 5-1 LVIA Viewpoints

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5.1.1 Existing Environment

The region surrounding the subject site is characterised by agricultural activity in a largely flat to gently undulating landscape. Scattered rural dwellings are present throughout the landscape, as is infrastructure development including high voltage transmission lines, substations and telecommunications facilities. As a result of historical agricultural activity, native vegetation coverage is largely confined to road reserves and designated conservation parks.

The subject site is comparable to the broader landscape, albeit supporting a higher intensity of disturbance than the broader region as a result of the concentration of electricity infrastructure (transmission lines and substation), as well as the presence of an operational quarry.

5.1.2 Sensitive Receptors

The key receptors within the region identified as most likely to be affected by the establishment of the TBSP were identified as the surrounding residential properties, users of the major roads in the surrounding area (specifically the Mallee Highway, Dukes Highway and the Princes Highway), nearby townships including Tailem Bend and Jervois, and visitors to the (currently under construction) Tailem Bend Motorsport Park.

5.1.3 Impact Assessment

During the construction phase, the change to visual amenity within the study area will occur as a result of earthworks, construction of additional infrastructure and an overall increase in the number of people and vehicles. The changing visual environment and activity during construction will be temporary, therefore was not considered in detail in the visual assessment.

Where visible, the TBSP will appear as a low profile, contiguous element extending across the subject site, and is not expected to be visually dominant in comparison to the large vertical elements associated with existing electricity infrastructure that characterises the subject site. Visual changes will be moderated by the presence of the existing infrastructure (telecommunications, transmission lines and substation) visible in the region, and concentrated at the subject site.

Views of the TBSP from the Dukes Highway railway overpass and the Jervois and Tailem Bend townships were identified as locations where the degree of visual change may be the greatest. It was determined that intervening topography and vegetation will largely restrict views of the subject site from Tailem Bend and Jervois.

Due to the elevated nature of the Dukes Highway railway overpass, there will be unrestricted views of the subject site, and the back of the solar panels for passing motorists. The TBSP will represent a prominent visual element from this location, with no capacity to screen views due to the height of the overpass. However, the subject site is not recognised for its scenic amenity, is highly disturbed by the existing quarry, substation and transmission lines, and is clear of vegetation. As such, the TBSP is not expected to significantly alter visual amenity, or the quality of the landscape from this location.

Overall, the TBSP is not anticipated to significantly alter landscape or visual amenity within the region. Intervening topography and vegetation largely screen views of the subject site from key receptors and highly exposed locations (i.e. areas that are highly frequented). The subject site is highly disturbed by existing and historical land uses, including an operational quarry, electricity substation, numerous transmission lines and agricultural activity. As such, the subject site is not recognised for its scenic amenity.

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5.2 Traffic

Construction of the TBSP will generate significant traffic volumes that have the potential to affect the local road network. Once operational, traffic movements are anticipated to be negligible, and not significantly alter traffic volumes from existing conditions. A Preliminary Traffic Management Plan has been prepared to identify traffic management measures and strategies proposed to address traffic safety and access issues inherent with using oversized vehicles and general daily construction and operational traffic. The Preliminary Traffic Management Plan is attached as Appendix F.

The Preliminary Traffic Management Plan was developed via desktop study and site visit to: x Understand existing traffic conditions. x Define anticipated construction traffic requirement for the TBSP. x Identify construction vehicle access routes. x Identify general measures to minimise impacts associated with traffic movements during construction. x Define maintenance and inspection strategies to minimise impacts to existing road conditions.

5.2.1 Existing Environment

Traffic counts are available for the Department of Planning Transport and Infrastructure (DPTI) roads in the area and are presented in Table 5-1. Mallee Highway, Dukes Highway and Princes Highway are all gazetted heavy vehicle routes (DPTI, 2016).

Table 5-1 DPTI Road Traffic Volumes

Road Section AADT1 Estimate Commercial Vehicles

Dukes Highway (Mallee Highway to Princes Highway) 5000 1500 (30%)

Dukes Highway (McIntosh Way to Mallee Highway 4200 1500 (35.5%)

Princes Highway (Dukes Highway to South Eastern Freeway) 8000 1650 (20.5%)

Princes Highway (Dukes Highway to Langhorne Creek Road 1900 280 (14.5%)

Mallee Highway (Old Dukes Highway to Dukes Highway) 950 230 (24%)

1Average Annual Daily Traffic

5.2.2 Sensitive Receptors

For the purposes of construction traffic, the potential sensitive receptors include other road users, and key stakeholders including the Coorong District Council, Department of Planning Transport and Infrastructure (DPTI) and local utility companies.

5.2.3 Impact Assessment

Traffic to the subject site will have its largest volumes during the construction phase. The types of vehicles anticipated to be to be used during the construction phase include light vehicles, heavy construction vehicles and oversized vehicles. A summary of estimated number of vehicle movements that are expected to take place during the construction phase of the TBSP, are presented in Table 4-2.

5.2.3.1 Impacts to traffic from project related construction vehicle movement

Based on the estimated level of construction traffic, heavy vehicles movements on the Dukes and Mallee Highways are not expected to greatly alter traffic movement on the existing roads. Despite this, a range of management measures are proposed to minimise impacts on other road users and the local road network: x Regular meeting and engagement with DPTI and Council regarding upcoming construction activities, deliver schedules and any temporary speed restrictions.

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x Restricting construction traffic movements during adverse or unsafe weather conditions. x Driving to the road conditions and adhering to safe operating speeds. x Providing way-finding signage where necessary to facilitate access along the proposed construction routes (if required). x Undertaking dust suppression activities (if required) to minimise dust emissions from construction traffic on unsealed roads.

5.2.3.2 Deterioration of road condition from TBSP construction traffic

Construction traffic associated with the TBSP will contribute to wear and tear on the approved access routes. Maintenance and inspection strategies to minimise impacts to existing road conditions will be undertaken.

At the completion of the construction period Equis proposes to reasonably rehabilitate the Coorong Council roads that are used by the Project vehicles within the primary access route (i.e. Lime Kiln Road and Substation Road) to a condition no less than prior to the commencement of works. This level is to be agreed between Equis and the Coorong District Council / DPTI prior to the beginning of the construction works.

To support this process, an audit of road conditions along the nominated access routes will be undertaken prior to the commencement of construction. The condition audit will occur following the completion of any road upgrades (if required). A post construction condition audit will be undertaken to determine any remedial action required to repair access roads degraded as a result of TBSP related construction traffic.

The Coorong District Council / DPTI should acknowledge that whilst construction traffic may be adding to the deterioration of the road, Equis cannot be held responsible for all damage as the roads are also used by heavy vehicles and other non-TBSP related traffic.

Road maintenance intervention levels are identified with the Traffic Management Plan to rectify any defects to road infrastructure during the construction phase of the TBSP. The nominated TBSP road maintenance intervention levels address signs and delineation and road pavement, and identify the maintenance requirements and repair timeline to maintain safety of the access routes for other road users. Any changes of these levels will be agreed upon between Equis, DPTI and the Coorong District Council during regular communications.

5.2.3.3 Impacts to traffic from project-related operational vehicle movements

The anticipated traffic generated during the operation traffic phases of the TBSP will be limited to light vehicle movements for operations and maintenance staff. The traffic generated during the operation phase is not expected to represent a significant impact to the local road network, nor a significant change to existing road conditions.

5.3 Aviation

There are no concerns in relation to aviation and the proposed developments on the TBSP. The TBSP has been designed and sited to minimise impact of glare/ glint and there are no major airports located within close proximity to the subject site. A minor runway located within close proximity to the TBSP is proposed at the Tailem Bend Motorsport Park located south of the subject site. A variety of land uses are proposed at the Motorsport Park, including an airstrip. The proposed airstrip is to be located in the northern portion of the Motorsport Park site on an existing drag strip, which will be upgraded to become a runway with a length of approximately 2 kilometres.

If the proposed airstrip on the Motorsport Park is not developed, the next airstrip closest in proximity is the SA Sky Diving airstrip, located approximately 43 kilometres from the subject site in Wellington.

The design and siting of the TBSP is not expected to affect either the proposed development of the airstrip on the Motorsport Park, or the SA Sky Diving airstrip. There are no large vertical elements that could impede air

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traffic. As previously outlined, minimal glare is expected from the panels and the TBSP is not expected to have any impact upon future aviation operations at the Motorsport Park.

5.4 Cultural Heritage

Database searches were undertaken prior to the site survey, including: x Department of State Development – Aboriginal Affairs and Reconciliation (DSD-AAR) Central Archive. x South Australian Museum Anthropology Database. x State Heritage Register. x Local Heritage Register. x Register of the National Estate (non-statutory archive). x National/Commonwealth Heritage Register. x World Heritage Properties.

The two heritage places identified within 1.5 km of the subject site are summarised in Table 5-2.

Table 5-2 Places of Heritage Significance

Site / Description Address Heritage Type Register ID Approximate Distance to subject site

Former Lime Kilns Lime Kiln Road, Tailem State Heritage Place 13808 50 m southwest (designated place of Bend, SA archaeological significance)

Reported Archaeological N/A DSD-AAR Central 6727 3923 700 m north Site* Archive * Note: the location of the reported archaeological site cannot be reproduced, in accordance with the requirements of the Traditional Owners and the Aboriginal Affairs and Reconciliation Division

The review of the DSD-AAR Central Archive indicated no registered or reported sites or objects of Aboriginal heritage significance within the subject site. There are a number of registered and reported sites within approximately 5 km of the site. These predominantly occur along the banks of the River Murray and on the floodplain, 3 km west of the subject site and to the west of the Murray along a ridgeline. The nearest reported site is approximately 700 m north. The project will not impact on these known heritage sites.

One State heritage place (refer Figure 5-2) is located 50 m southwest of the subject site boundary but will not be impacted by the proposed solar project.

No Aboriginal archaeological sites or objects were recorded during the survey of the subject site.

If any unexpected objects or skeletal remains that may be of heritage significance are identified during the construction period, stop work procedures will be implemented as follows:

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x Stop works – stop all works in the vicinity of the object/site and no further disturbance of the object/site will be made. x Restrict access – access to the object/site will be restricted to protect the object/site. x Assess object/site – contact a suitably qualified Aboriginal Monitor or Archaeologist to assess the archaeological material and advise on nature and significance. Contact the local Police if suspected human remains have been discovered. x Manage the area and ongoing access – determine the appropriate course of action in consultation with the relevant authorities and resume works when it is appropriate to do so.

The stop work procedure will be incorporated into the CEMP and provided to all construction personnel as part of the site induction process.

5.5 Vegetation

An assessment of ecological values at the subject site (Appendix G) was undertaken to determine the presence of species of conservation significance (i.e. species protected under Commonwealth or State Legislation). The following tasks were undertaken for the assessment: x Review of Environment Protection Biodiversity and Conservation Act Protected Matters database and high level assessment of likelihood of occurrence for listed and threatened flora and fauna species. x Review of Biological Database of South Australia (BDBSA) search extract within 5 km of the subject site for threatened flora, fauna and ecological community results. x A site walkover and assessment of vegetation composition within the subject site and within the road reserve of Substation Road and Lime Kiln Road.

The subject site has historically been used for agricultural purposes and as such is largely cleared of native vegetation.

Small areas of degraded native vegetation are present within the road reserve of Substation Road and Lime Kiln Road. Disturbance within roadside vegetation was high, resulting in poor overall condition of remnant native vegetation communities. The roadside vegetation types adjacent to the subject site are presented in Figure 5-3.

Clearance of native vegetation will be required to undertake the development associated with the TBSP. The development of the TBSP will required the following potential clearances: x Clearance of up to 4 scattered remnant native trees located within the fenced paddocks located on the subject site. x Clearance of roadside vegetation and planted or self-sewn trees, to allow for construction of the boundary fence surrounding the subject site and to upgrade one of the site access points on Lime Kiln Road (south- eastern corner of the subject site).

An application to the Native Vegetation Council for approval to clear this vegetation will be submitted prior to the commencement of construction.

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5.6 Air Quality

Air quality can be affected by dust caused by soil disturbance (e.g., from earthworks, vehicle traffic and site preparations) and emissions from vehicles and machinery. These impacts can be a nuisance to nearby receivers (residences, farm workers). Given the nature of the TBSP, air quality impacts are expected to be negligible and no air quality impact assessment has been undertaken.

5.6.1 Construction Air Quality

Construction air quality impacts to sensitive receivers could occur as a result of dust emissions during construction activities or as a result of exhaust emissions from construction equipment. Through the utilisation of standard environmental management controls (e.g. use of water trucks for dust suppression, use of properly maintained equipment), construction air quality impacts at sensitive receivers are expected to be negligible.

5.6.2 Operation Air Quality

The generation of solar energy during the operation of the TBSP would not generate any emissions or affect air quality. During operation, the project would have a positive impact on emissions to air by reducing Australia’s reliance on fossil fuels for electricity generation.

Annual maintenance activities would result in some localised, intermittent vehicle emissions and potentially some generation of dust from vehicles travelling across the internal access tracks, however the impact on local and regional air quality is expected to be negligible.

5.7 Noise

Noise emissions at the TBSP will primarily be generated during the construction period as a result of earthworks, vehicle traffic, site preparation and emissions from vehicles and machinery. These impacts can be a nuisance to nearby receivers (residences, farm workers).

Through the utilisation of standard environmental management controls (e.g. restriction of construction hours to 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. Monday to Saturday in accordance with the requirements of the Environment Protection (Noise) Policy 2007 (EPA 2014), shutting down equipment when not in use and utilisation of noise reduction devices), construction noise impacts at sensitive receivers are expected to be negligible.

The TBSP comprises no moving parts, or significant sources of noise once operational. As such, no noise impacts to sensitive receivers are anticipated during the operation phase of the project.

5.8 Site Contamination

A Phase 1 environmental site assessment (Phase 1 ESA) was undertaken at the subject site to determine if past or current activities at the subject site may have caused site contamination (Parsons Brinckerhoff, 2006). The Phase 1 ESA identified that there was no recorded site contamination at the subject site and based on the proposed use of the subject site, it was considered that historical activities do not pose a significant human or environmental health risk. Since completion of the Phase 1 ESA, the subject site has been consistently utilised by similar land uses. As such, no new activities that may have caused contamination are anticipated to have occurred during this period.

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Figure 5-2 Non-Aboriginal Heritage Places within 1.5 km

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Figure 5-3 Subject Site Vegetation

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6. Development Plan Assessment

The following section identifies the provisions of the Coorong District Council Development Plan relevant to the assessment of the proposed development. The proposed TBSP is discussed in relation to the Council-wide policy in the Development Plan, including policy relevant to the establishment of renewable energy facilities, as well as an assessment of the consistency of the project within the Primary Production Zone (Coorong Council Development Plan). A copy of the relevant Development Plan policy is provided in Appendix H.

6.1 Renewable Energy Facilities

Development Plan Section Objectives Principles of Development Control

Renewable Energy Facilities 1, 2, 3 1

Energy Efficiency 1, 2 1, 2, 3, 4

Renewable energy facilities, such as the proposed TBSP, are an envisaged form of development as defined by the Development Plan. The TBSP is sited to maximise the capacity of the project and to take advantage of region’s natural solar resources for the efficient and maximal generation of electricity.

The TBSP has been sited in close proximity to an appropriate grid connection to minimise the requirement for additional overhead lines. As outlined in Section 4.1, the TBSP is orientated to face north, north-west and maximise the generation capacity of the project. Battery storage is proposed to be established when commercially viable to do so, further extending the generation capacity of the TBSP. Space between the solar modules has been allocated to maximise exposure to the sun, without project infrastructure overshadowing the modules.

As previously outlined in Section 2.3, the TBSP aligns with National and State strategic directions in relation to growth in the renewable energy sector. Locally, the TBSP will result in 150-200 FTE jobs during the construction phase and 3-5 permeant FTE jobs located on site during operations.

6.2 Visual

Development Plan Section Objectives Principles of Development Control

Design and appearance 1, 2 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17

Infrastructure 4 8

Interface between land uses 1, 2, 3 1,2, 5

Landscaping, fences and walls 1, 2 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Siting and visibility 1 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,

Renewable Energy Facilities 3 1

The subject site is located outside of the Tailem Bend township (approximately 2 km), and away from densely populated areas. The Development Plan seeks to maintain the amenity of the locality through the provisions of infrastructure in suitable locations, the minimisation of earthworks and the appropriate siting of structure within the landscape. In this regard: x The subject site is considered to be an appropriate location given the co-location with existing electricity infrastructure and the short distance required for the grid connection (minimising the need for additional overhead power lines). x The TBSP is not proposed in an area of known visual or scenic significance. x It is expected that minimal earthworks will be required to support the proposed development as the subject site is relatively flat.

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x It is acknowledged that the proposed development will be visible within the immediate locality, however given its low profile this impact is anticipated to diminish at greater distances. x The TBSP is located in an area that maximises efficient generation and supply of electricity.

The Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment completed for the TBSP determined that the TBSP is not anticipated to significantly alter landscape or visual amenity within the region. Intervening topography and vegetation largely screen views of the subject site from key receptors and highly exposed locations (i.e. areas that are highly frequented). Where visible, the TBSP will appear as a low profile, contiguous element extending across the subject site, and is not expected to be visually dominant in comparison to the large vertical elements associated with existing electricity infrastructure that characterises the subject site.

6.3 Traffic and Transport

Development Plan Section Objectives Principles of Development Control

Transportation and Access 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 11, 12, 13, 17, 22, 23, 24, 25, 28, 31, 32, 33, 36, 37, 38, 39

Three vehicle entries are proposed to access the subject site during the construction period; one from Substation Road and two from Lime Kiln Road. Once operational, the Substation Road access will be the principal access point to the subject site. All vehicles will enter and exit the site in a forward direction, with capacity for a sufficient turning circle provided by the internal roadway and hardstand areas.

The impacts of additional vehicle movements associated with the construction of the TBPS are anticipated to be minimal as the components are essentially pre-fabricated and only require reassembly on site. The construction program is anticipated to be completed within a fourteen-month period, with heavy vehicle traffic volumes on the Dukes and Mallee Highways not expected to significantly affect traffic movement or safety.

A range of management strategies are identified to further mitigate impacts to road infrastructure and other road users. Specifically, at the completion of the construction period Equis proposes to reasonably rehabilitate the Coorong Council roads that are used by the Project vehicles within the primary access route (i.e. Lime Kiln Road and Substation Road) to a condition no less than prior to the commencement of works. This level is to be agreed between Equis and the Coorong District Council / DPTI prior to the beginning of the construction works. To support this, a pre-construction audit of road conditions will be undertaken. This will be followed by a post- construction audit, to determine any impacts to road infrastructure attributable to the TBSP, and undertake any required remedial action to the roads.

6.4 Heritage

Development Plan Section Objectives Principles of Development Control

Heritage Places 1, 2, 3 1, 5, 6

No Aboriginal archaeological sites or objects were recorded during the survey for the subject site.

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disturbance through pastoral, agricultural and industrial uses. Due to the high ground disturbance of the site the risk of finding intact Aboriginal archaeological sites or objects is very low. It is unlikely that sub-surface Aboriginal archaeological sites or objects will be found, particularly given the shallow soils present.

During construction, if any Aboriginal site, object or remains are found, the applicant will not damage, disturb, interfere with or remove them and will undertake the appropriate action in accordance with the provisions of the Aboriginal Heritage Act 1988.

6.5 Flora and Fauna

Development Plan Section Objectives Principles of Development Control

Infrastructure 1 8, 10

Natural Resources 1, 8, 9 1, 2, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 38, 39

An application to the Native Vegetation Council for approval to clear native vegetation (potentially four isolated native trees and roadside vegetation if required for access points) will be submitted prior to the commencement of construction.

6.6 Air Quality

Development Plan Section Objectives Principles of Development Control

Hazards 1, 2

Interface between land uses 1, 2, 3 1, 2

The subject site is located within an agricultural area, with good existing air quality. The key sources of air emissions are dust associated with agricultural activities, the operation of the adjacent quarry, and vehicle emissions resulting from the proximity of the Dukes Highway, Mallee Highway, the adjacent quarry and agricultural machinery. Twelve sensitive receivers (rural dwellings) were identified within the locality of the TBSP, the closest approximately 30m from the boundary of the subject site.

As outlined in Section 5.6, the TBSP is not expected to result in air quality impacts to sensitive receivers in the locality. Standard environmental management strategies will be incorporated into the Construction Environmental Management Plan to control dust emissions as a result of land disturbance during the construction phase of the project (refer Section 7 for further information).

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6.7 Noise

Development Plan Section Objectives Principles of Development Control

Interface between land uses 1, 2, 3 1,4, 6

The subject site is located within an agricultural area, with low levels of existing background noise. The key noise sources are the Dukes Highway (approximately 1 km south-west) and the adjacent quarry (approximately 500 m south-west). Six sensitive receivers (rural dwellings) were identified within 100 m of the subject site. Consultation with Coorong District Council has indicated that no additional dwellings have been approved, or are currently proposed within 1 km of the site (as at 28 October 2016, R Browne 2016, personal communications).

Through the utilisation of standard environmental management controls (e.g. restriction of construction hours, shutting down equipment when not in use and utilisation of noise reduction devices), construction noise impacts at sensitive receivers are expected to be negligible. Once operational, no noise impacts are anticipated as the TBSP does not incorporate any moving parts, nor significant sources of noise.

6.8 Hazards

6.8.1 Bushfire

Development Plan Section Objectives Principles of Development Control

Hazards 1, 2, 5, 6 1, 3, 7, 8, 11

With the use of appropriate management strategies, the subject site is not considered to be at a significant risk from bushfire as historical use of the site for agricultural purposes has resulted in the clearance of all significant vegetation. The subject site (and surrounding area) has very low fuel loads as a result of agricultural activity. Critical infrastructure within the TBSP are located on large hardstand areas, with a number of access tracks available for vehicle access in the event of a fire.

The main fire risks posed by the TBSP are: x Construction activities (e.g. hot work and welding) during the Fire Danger Season (as declared by the CFS). x Fire caused by maintenance activities (hot work, other maintenance work) during the Fire Danger Season (as declared by the CFS).

Fire management procedures will be developed as part of the CEMP and will, as a minimum, include: x Emergency response procedures. x Timing of hot works with regard to fire weather warnings (e.g. avoiding total fire ban or equivalent days). x Vegetation maintenance on site (i.e. maintaining vegetation clearances from electrical infrastructure, and maintaining fuel loads in accordance with existing levels). It should be noted that as a result of historical clearance, vegetation maintenance will be largely restricted to the management of weeds and introduced species. x Induction and training of on-site personnel. x Provision of firefighting equipment at the site.

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6.8.2 Site Contamination

Development Plan Section Objectives Principles of Development Control

Hazards 1, 2, 8, 9 1, 3, 20

Based on the proposed use of the subject site, it was considered that historical activities at the site do not pose a significant human or environmental health risk. As such, no areas of existing contamination are expected to be encountered during construction or operation of the TBSP.

6.8.3 Water and Flooding

Development Plan Section Objectives Principles of Development Control

Hazards 1, 2, 4 1, 3, 4, 5, 6

Infrastructure 1,2 4

Natural Resources 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 11 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 26, 31, 41, 42, 44

The subject site is not considered to be at risk of flooding as: x It is located outside of the River Murray Flood Plain (i.e. the 1956 Flood Boundary as depicted in the Development Plan Map CooD/3). x There are no watercourses or water bodies located within or adjacent to the site.

6.8.4 Landslip

Development Plan Section Objectives Principles of Development Control

Hazards 1, 2 1, 3, 23, 24, 25

Natural Resources 10 1, 43

The subject site is relatively flat, and is underlain by hard sheet calcretes (Ripon Calcrete) to reworked calcrete gravels and cobbles (Bakara Calcrete). Examination of outcrops and exposures at the site confirm the presence of a resistant calcrete layer. Outcrops of calcrete are observed along the length of Substation Road and adjacent to the northern boundary of the existing substation.

The in-situ strength of the calcrete ranges from low to high and foundations placed on the calcareous soils may require foundation improvement methods such as re-compaction within the foundation zone. Detailed

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geotechnical investigations will be undertaken at the subject site prior to the commencement of construction to determine the foundation requirements for the TBSP, however given the anticipated geotechnical conditions the risk of landslip is considered to be negligible.

6.8.5 Acid Sulfate Soils

Development Plan Section Objectives Principles of Development Control

Hazards 1, 2, 7 1, 3, 18, 19

According to the Australian Soil Resource Information System (ASRIS 2014) the subject site is categorised as an extremely low probability area for acid sulfate soils. As such, acid sulfate soils are not expected to be encountered during the construction and operation of the TBSP.

6.9 Chemical Storage and Handling

Development Plan Section Objectives Principles of Development Control

Hazards 10

Interface between land uses 1, 2, 3 16

Natural Resources 1, 11 9, 41

The applicant has identified that no significant quantities of chemicals are proposed to be stored on the subject site during operation. Where required during construction, safe storage and handling of hazardous materials will be controlled through comprehensive and effective site management procedures (refer Section 7 for further information).

6.10 Orderly and Economic Development

Development Plan Section Objectives Principles of Development Control

Infrastructure 1, 2, 3, 5 1, 2, 11, 12

Interface between land uses 1, 2, 3 2, 5, 16

Orderly and Sustainable 1, 2, 3, 4 1, 2, 3, Development

Renewable Energy Facilities 1,2,3

The TBSP is proposed to meet the ongoing electricity demands for South Australia and the broader National Electricity Market. The TBSP supports renewable energy penetration and peak energy demand in the South Australia region. The siting of the TBSP has been located so that minimal distance to network connection is required, and where there is capacity within the network to accept additional generation. The TBSP is considered orderly development in that it provides for the efficient provision of electricity generation.

The TBSP does not restrict ongoing agricultural activities within the broader locality with the loss of agricultural land limited to the subject site. The proximity of the TBSP to the grid connection ensures that land is not intersected by overhead lines that may otherwise impact future agricultural practices. The proposed TBSP would benefit the community, environment and the state through: x The expansion of a large scale renewable energy facility, capable of providing high predictable levels of electricity to South Australian consumers. x 150-200 FTE jobs during the construction period, and a further 3-5 FTE jobs during the operating phase. x Diversification of employment industries within the region, providing additional opportunities to live and work in the area.

The Resource Area Management and Planning Study (Department of State Development 2014) identified the Tailem Bend area and the subject site as an area of resource potential. The large footprint of the TBSP covering

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the majority of the subject site will restrict future resource extraction opportunities at the subject site, with the mining lease for the existing quarry expiring in August 2018.

6.11 Primary Production Zone

Development Plan Section Objectives Principles of Development Control

Primary Production Zone 1, 2, 3, 5 1, 2, 4, 7,10, 11, 13

The Primary Production Zone envisages long term, sustainable primary production and agricultural use. The Primary Production Zone is established to support the long-term viability and sustainability of agricultural activities including associated industrial activities and renewable energy development. The TBSP does not restrict ongoing agricultural activities within the broader locality with the loss of agricultural land limited to the subject site. The proximity of the TBSP to the grid connection ensures that land is not intersected by overhead lines that may otherwise impact future agricultural practices. It is noted that the subject site has historically (and is currently) been used for resource extraction and electricity transmission, supporting the use of the site for non-agricultural activities.

The desired character of the Primary Production Zone envisages sustainable development of a more intensive form, such as renewable energy facilities. The desired character of the Primary Production Zone outlines that the visual impacts of renewable energy facilities (specifically wind farms) are to be accepted, in the pursuit of the overall benefits which would be derived. Although the TBSP is not a wind farm, it does represent the establishment of a large-scale renewable energy facility, with an inherently lower visual impact than wind farms as a result of the low-profile nature of the infrastructure proposed at the subject site.

As previously defined, the TBSP is proposed to meet the ongoing electricity demands for South Australia and the broader National Electricity market. It will provide a key renewable energy source, with the siting of the TBSP being determined to allow for co-location of existing electricity infrastructure, minimising distance for a network connection, and capacity within the network to accept additional generation.

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7. Environmental Management

Equis will develop an environmental framework through implementing a Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) and Operational Environmental Management Plan (OEMP), which will be finalised prior to the commencement of construction and operation. The environmental framework establishes objectives and targets to manage the significant environmental aspects of the TBSP.

The CEMP and OEMP for the proposed TBSP will address compliance with regulatory requirements, environmental protection policies and relevant guidelines and codes of practice. The specific regulatory requirements for each environmental aspect will be identified in the CEMP and / or OEMP and incorporated, where appropriate, in the performance indicators utilised for monitoring environmental compliance.

7.1 Construction

Equis will implement environmental management strategies during the construction phase of the TBSP in accordance with the requirements of CEMP. The CEMP will outline environmental management measures to be implemented, timing of their implementation, and management and monitoring of the process and procedures.

A detailed CEMP will be developed prior to construction commencing to the satisfaction of the Development Assessment Commission. Development of a detailed CEMP at this stage (as part of the Development Application) is not practical as the detailed management measures will be defined when the construction contractor is engaged for the TBSP. The detailed CEMP would be based on, and further developed from, the following objectives and management measures.

The key objectives of the CEMP will include: x Ensuring that works are carried out in accordance with statutory requirements, the conditions of approval for the TBSP, relevant guidelines and Equis environmental management systems and procedures. x Ensuring that construction minimises the likelihood of impacts to the environment. x Ensuring that construction manages the impact of works on neighbouring land uses. x Ensuring that all contractors engaged in construction comply with the requirements of the CEMP; providing clear procedures for management of environmental impacts including corrective actions. x Identifying management responsibilities and reporting requirements to demonstrate compliance with the CEMP.

The CEMP will be developed prior to the commencement of construction and will serve as a working document to be used during the implementation of the provisions associated with TBSP.

Through the preparation of this Development Application and associated environmental investigations, a range of measures have been identified for incorporation into the CEMP. These measures are summarised in Table 7-1 below.

Table 7-1 CEMP Management Measures

Aspect Construction Environmental Management Measure

Noise x Construction activity resulting in noise will not occur at night- time, on Sundays or public holidays. x Equipment will be shut off or throttled down whenever it is not in actual use. x Noise reduction devices such as mufflers will be fitted on construction equipment. x Equipment will be serviced regularly and equipment in need of repair will not be used.

Air Quality x Access roads to be constructed of compacted gravel or similar and kept in good condition. x Use of water trucks or chemical wettings agents where required on unpaved roads or exposed areas. x Vehicle speed limits will be managed to minimise wheel- generated dust. x Equipment will be serviced regularly and equipment in need of repair will not be used.

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Aspect Construction Environmental Management Measure

Waste x Construction waste will be separated into different streams to facilitate recycling and will be removed from Management the site by a licensed contractor. x Liquid waste (including hydrocarbons, paints and solvents) will be stored in sealed drums or containers in a bunded area before removal from the site by an EPA licensed contractor for recycling, where possible, or disposal to a licensed facility. x During construction, temporary ablution facilities will be serviced by pump-out tanker trucks, used with off- site disposal by a licensed contractor. x Manage additional surface water runoff so that no adverse effects from the water are evident.

Cultural Heritage If any unexpected objects or skeletal remains that may be of heritage significance are identified during the construction period, stop work procedures will be implemented as follows: x Stop works – stop all works in the vicinity of the object/site and no further disturbance of the object/site will be made. x Restrict access – access to the object/site will be restricted to protect the object/site. x Assess object/site – contact a suitably qualified Aboriginal Monitor or Archaeologist to assess the archaeological material and advise on nature and significance. Contact the local Police if suspected human remains have been discovered. x Manage the area and ongoing access – determine the appropriate course of action in consultation with the relevant authorities and resume works when it is appropriate to do so.

Bushfire Develop fire management procedures, including: x Emergency response procedures. x Consideration of construction schedule with regard to fire weather warnings (e.g. total fire ban or equivalent days). x Vegetation maintenance on site (i.e. maintaining vegetation clearances from electrical infrastructure. x Induction and training of on-site personnel. x Provision of firefighting equipment at the subject site.

Flora and Fauna x If required, an application will be made for the clearance of native vegetation in accordance with the Native Vegetation Act 1991. x Only approved areas of native vegetation will be cleared. x Utilise procedures to restrict the spread of weed and pest species from the subject site. x Minimise vegetation clearance and ensure that the clearance is offset by long-term actions that deliver a significant environmental benefit.

Traffic x Engagement with DPTI and Council regarding upcoming construction activities, delivery schedules and any temporary speed restrictions, and consultation with potentially affected residents. x Development of a Traffic Management Plan for the construction period. x Restricting construction traffic movements during adverse or unsafe weather conditions. x Driving to the road conditions and adhering to safe operating speeds. x Providing way-finding signage where necessary to facilitate access along the proposed construction routes (if required).

Visual x Demobilisation of construction equipment from site as soon as practicable. x Where practicable, buildings and structures will be of muted, earthen tones consistent with dominant colours in the landscape; highly reflective materials will be avoided to avoid glare and reduce the visibility of buildings and structures. x Undertake rehabilitation of areas disturbed by the project as soon as practicable. x Removal of all above ground infrastructure, and rehabilitation of subject site following decommissioning of the Project.

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7.2 Operation

The OEMP will be finalised during the construction period prior to the commencement of commissioning activities at the TBSP.

The key objectives of the Operation Environmental Management Measure entail: x Ensuring that works are carried out in accordance with statutory requirements. x Ensuring that operations minimise the likelihood of the impacts to the environment. x Ensuring that operation of the TBSP manages the impact of works on neighbouring land uses. x Ensuring that all employees are appropriately inducted on the OEMP requirements, providing clear procedures for management of environmental impacts including corrective actions. x Identifying management responsibilities and reporting requirements to demonstrate compliance with the OEMP.

The OEMP will be developed prior to the commencement of operation and will serve as a working document to guide and direct operation of the TBSP. Through the preparation of this Development Application and associated environmental investigations, a range of measures have been identified for incorporation into the OEMP. These measures are summarised in Table 7.2.

Table 7-2 OEMP Management Measures

Aspect Operation Environmental Management Measure

Air Quality x Vehicle speed limits will be managed to minimise wheel- generated dust. x Operational activities causing dust disturbance to be kept to a minimum.

Cultural Heritage x Prevent unauthorised disturbance to Aboriginal or Non-Aboriginal heritage.

Bushfire Develop fire management procedures, including: x Emergency response procedures. x Vegetation maintenance on site (i.e. maintaining vegetation clearances from electrical infrastructure. x Provision of firefighting equipment at the subject site.

Flora and Fauna x Manage the quality of land and soils. x Manage surface water so that existing uses, including environmental are protected. x Weed control and fuel management.

Traffic x Driving to the road conditions and adhering to safe operating speeds. x Undertaking dust suppression activities (if required) to minimise dust emissions from construction traffic on unsealed roads.

Site x Manage the quality of land and soils. Decommissioning x Maintain representation, diversity, viability and ecological function of flora and fauna. x Rehabilitate the Project site to a standard suitable for future agricultural use.

Both the CEMP and OEMP will be implemented throughout the relevant phase of the TBSP, to ensure that potential environmental impacts are minimised.

IW133300 52 Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

7.3 Repowering / Decommissioning

Equis will consider two options in regards to the TBSP once the initial lease contract time is complete relating to repowering or decommissioning of the TBSP. The expected life span for solar technology of a similar nature to that of the TBSP is approximately 30 years. The varying options are detailed as follows:

7.3.1 Repowering

Repowering of the TBSP beyond the initial 32-year lease agreement would encompass the continuation of the operations of the TBSP for the extension option of 20 years. The continuation of operation through the agreed extension would require the continuous repowering of the TBSP, through upgrading, replacing or repairing various components of the TBSP. The potential for the TBSP to operate for the full extension of the 20-year period will be reliant on the market conditions and the condition of the solar technology.

7.3.2 Decommissioning

Should the repowering of the TBSP not be a viable option, the infrastructure associated with the TBSP would be decommissioned. If decommissioning of the TBSP were to occur, all above ground infrastructure associated with the TBSP would be removed for sale, recycling or disposal. Access tracks and hardstand areas would be remediated in order to prepare a suitable soil profile for subsequent sowing with an appropriate ground cover mix. It is therefore anticipated that following decommissioning of the TBSP, the subject site would be returned to its existing agricultural land use.

IW133300 53 Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

8. Conclusion

With regard to the relevant provisions of the Coorong District Council Development Plan, it is considered that the proposed TBSP located at 261 Lime Kiln Road, Tailem Bend is appropriate for the subject land and the locality. The subject site was identified as an appropriate location for establishment of the TBSP to allow for access to a high quality solar resource, collocation with existing electricity infrastructure, minimal distance for a network connection, and capacity within the network to accept additional generation.

The development of electricity infrastructure is essential to meeting the electricity requirements of South Australia, and the socio-economic sustainability of communities. Development of the TBSP will contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and is aligned with various national and state strategic targets and policies. The proposed development constitutes a renewable energy facility of a similar nature to those envisaged land uses as within the Primary Production Zone of the Coorong District Council Development Plan.

It is considered that the TBSP exhibits sustainable planning merit and accords with the intention for the locality outlined in the Development Plan, specifically: x It represents establishment of a renewable energy facility, as supported and envisaged by national and State strategic policy as well as the Development Plan. x The TBSP is proposed to be sited adjacent to existing electricity infrastructure, minimising connection requirements. x The location of the subject site provides optimal opportunity for the proposed TBSP to utilise the region’s natural solar resources for the efficient generation of renewable energy. x Impacts associated with visual amenity are not expected to be significant as the subject site is highly modified and is not recognised for its scenic amenity. Intervening topography and vegetation largely restrict views of the subject site from identified key receptors. x Based on the estimated level of construction traffic, heavy vehicles movements on the Dukes and Mallee Highways are not expected to greatly alter traffic movement on the existing roads. x Construction and operation of the TBSP will not result in significant air or noise emissions hence there will be negligible impact on nearby sensitive receivers. x The subject site is largely clear of native vegetation, with only four native trees, and small areas of vegetation may require clearance. x No registered places of heritage significance are located on the subject site, nor anticipated to be affected by the TBSP.

Consequently, the proposed development is not seriously at variance with the overall intent of the Coorong District Council Development Plan and merits Development Approval.

IW133300 54 Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

9. References

Australian Soil Resource Information System 2014. Online, accessed 14/04/2016. URL: http://www.asris.csiro.au/

Clean Energy Council 2014, Online, accessed 12/10/2016, URL: https://www.cleanenergycouncil.org.au/cec.html

Coorong District Council 2014, Coorong District Council Development Plan, accessed 02/11/2016, URL: https://www.coorong.sa.gov.au/webdata/resources/files/2014%20CDC%20Development%20Plan.pdf

Croft SJ, Pedler JA & Milne T (2009). Bushland condition monitoring manual: Murray Darling Basin, South Australia. Nature Conservation Society of South Australia.

Department for Planning and Infrastructure 2007. Visual Landscape Planning in Western Australia. West Australian Planning Commission, State of Western Australia.

Department of State Development 2014. Resource Area Management and Planning. Online, accessed 03/05/2016. URL: http://www.minerals.statedevelopment.sa.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0020/240662/2014- 07-22_DSD_Resource_Area_Management_and_Planning.pdf

Environment Protection Authority 2014, Construction Noise Information Sheet. Online, accessed 13/12/2016. URL: http://www.epa.sa.gov.au/files/4773_info_noise_construction.pdf

Environment Protection Authority 2016, Info for building and construction activities: Erosion and sediment control: Online, accessed 02/11/2016, URL: http://www.epa.sa.gov.au/environmental_info/water_quality/programs/stormwater/pollution_prevention_for_build ing_and_construction_activities

Government of South Australia 2014, Low Carbon Investment Plan for South Australia: Strategy Paper, Online, accessed 11/10/2016, URL: http://www.renewablessa.sa.gov.au/files/dsd_2015-low-carbon-investment- plan_web.pdf

Government of South Australia 2011, South Australian Strategic Plan, Online, accessed 12/10/2016. URL: http://saplan.org.au/media/BAhbBlsHOgZmSSIhMjAxMS8xMS8wNC8wMV8wMl8xNF8yMjNfZmlsZQY6BkVU/0 1_02_14_223_file

Government of South Australia, 2016, Economic Priorities, Online. Accessed 12/10/2016. URL: http://economic.priorities.sa.gov.au/

Government of South Australia, 2005. Strategic Infrastructure Plan for South Australia. Online, accessed 29/11/2016. URL: http://www.infrastructure.sa.gov.au/strategic_infrastructure_plan/sa_strategic_infrastructure_plan

Landscape Institute & I.E.M.A 2013. Guidelines for Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment. Third edition, Routledge.

Parsons Brinckerhoff, 2006. Phase 1 Environmental Site Assessment. 25 July 2006. Unpublished,

U.S Department of Energy (2004), PV FAQ’s, http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy04osti/35489.pdf, viewed 14 September 2016

IW133300 55 Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

Appendix A. Section 49 Endorsement

IW133300

Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

Appendix B. Certificate of Title

IW133300 Product Register Search Date/Time 01/04/2016 10:40AM Customer Reference IW121100 Order ID 20160401002972 Cost $27.25

The Registrar-General certifies that this Title Register Search displays the records maintained in the Register Book and other notations at the time of searching.

Registrar-General Certificate of Title - Volume 5195 Folio 427 Parent Title(s) CT 4336/665 Dealing(s) CONVERTED TITLE Creating Title Title Issued 20/06/1994 Edition 5 Edition Issued 11/08/2006 Estate Type FEE SIMPLE Registered Proprietor SNOWY HYDRO LTD. (ACN: 090 574 431) OF PO BOX 332 COOMA NSW 2630 Description of Land ALLOTMENT 5 FILED PLAN 108964 IN THE AREA NAMED TAILEM BEND HUNDRED OF SEYMOUR Easements SUBJECT TO EASEMENT(S) OVER THE LAND MARKED A TO THE ELECTRICITY TRUST OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA (T 6653402) Schedule of Dealings NIL Notations Dealings Affecting Title NIL Priority Notices NIL Notations on Plan

Land Services Group Page 1 of 5 Copyright Privacy Disclaimer: www.sailis.sa.gov.au/home/showCopyright www.sailis.sa.gov.au/home/showPrivacyStatement www.sailis.sa.gov.au/home/showDisclaimer Product Register Search Date/Time 01/04/2016 10:40AM Customer Reference IW121100 Order ID 20160401002972 Cost $27.25

NIL Registrar-General's Notes APPROVED D110785 Administrative Interests NIL * Denotes the dealing has been re-lodged.

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Appendix C. Proposed Development Indicative Layout and Preliminary Design Drawings

IW133300 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Access Diesel Plant 1572.50m Access Diesel Plant Existing 125.83m Road N 649.04m A A IS 1 R8.00m Laydown/compound Laydown / Area, administration, compound building, storage, car Area W E IS 6 parking 174.70m S Facility Substation IS 5 IS 4

IS 12 R8.00m IS 11 R8.00m Possible IS 55 IS 3 battery IS 2 Laydown / area IS 54 B compound B Area 4.00m IS 10 or possible Battery R8.00m Area IS 56

IS 57 Laydown/compound Area or battery Area

IS 9 IS 8 402.14m IS 17 R8.00m

4.00m C C IS 7 4.00m 4.00m See Detail 1.1 IS 16 IS 15

IS 41 IS 14

R8.00m

IS 40

R8.00m

IS 43 344.14m D IS 13 D

R8.00m

IS 51

IS 25 IS 24

R8.00m Existing IS 23 IS 42 R8.00m Road IS 22

Access IS 45 IS 21 IS 20 E E R8.00m

1553.85m

IS 19 IS 52 IS 18

IS 33

IS 32 IS 31 IS 44

614.31m

IS 47

IS 30 F IS 29 F

IS 26

IS 28 IS 27

IS 48 IS 38 IS 46

IS 53 116.31m G G IS 37 IS 36

137.15m IS 34

91.60m IS 50 IS 35

IS 39 H H

IS 49 1292.62m

Access

Existing Road I I

J 2.44m 13.82m J

3.00m 4.00m 10.66m 10.60m

0.50m 6.06m 3.74m Legend

Site Boundary

K 7.50m 20.20m Fence K Array Inverter Station 13.82m Overhead Transmission Line Roads Access Gate

5 A1 - ( 841 x 594 )mm 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

Appendix D. Indicative Infrastructure and Design Details

IW133300

MV Power Station 2200SC / 2500SC-EV -10 V E 2500SC-

vps 2200SC-10 / M 2200SC-10

vps M

Flexible Robust Easy to Use Cost Effective • Global solution for international • Station and all individual compo- • Plug and play concept • Easy planning and installation markets nents type-tested • Ideally suited to be exported to • High power density per m³ for • For system voltage of 1,000 VDC • 5-year statutory warranty overseas markets maximum profitability or 1,500 VDC • Optimally suited to extreme • Pre-installed and mechanically • Low transport costs due to 20 foot • Various options for monitoring ambient conditions protected cabling container

MV Power Station 2200SC / 2500SC-EV Turnkey system solution with the new Sunny Central inverter

With the compact power of the new, robust Sunny Central inverter and with matching medium-voltage components, the MV Power Station is a turnkey solution that is available worldwide. It represents the ultimate utility scale solution in compactness with 1,000 VDC (2,200 kW) or 1,500 VDC (2,500 kW). Being the ideal choice for large-scale PV power plants, the integrated 20 foot container station is quick to assemble and commission as well as easy and cost-effective to transport. The compact station itself (IEC 62271-202) and all its components are type-tested. The MV Power Station combines rigorous plant safety with maximum energy yield and minimized operating risk. The MV Power Station’s components are delivered completely pre- installed and pre-commissioned to speed up station commissioning as much as possible. MV Power Station 2200SC / 2500SC-EV

Technical data MV Power Station 2200SC MV Power Station 2500SC-EV

Input (DC) Max. DC input voltage 1,100 V 1,500 V MPP voltage range (at 25 °C / at 50 °C) 570 V to 950 V / 800 V 850 V to 1,425 V / 1,275 V Max. input current (at 25 °C / at 50 °C) 4,110 A / 3,960 A 3,000 A / 2,700 A Number of DC inputs 24 24 Available DC fuse sizes (per input) 200 A, 250 A, 315 A, 350 A, 400 A Integrated zone monitoring ( +/− 0.5 % shunt resistors) ○ ○ Output (AC) on the medium-voltage side AC- power at cos φ = 1 (at 25 °C / at 40 °C / at 50 °C )1) 2,200 kVA / 2,080 kVA / 2,000 kVA 2,500 kVA / 2,350 kVA / 2,250 kVA Typical AC voltages 10 kV to 33 kV 10 kV to 33 kV AC power frequency 50 Hz / 60 Hz 50 Hz / 60 Hz Transformer vector group Dy11 / YNd11 ● / ○ ● / ○ Transformer cooling method ONAN2) ONAN2) Max. output current at 20 kV 64 A 73 A Transformer no-load losses3) 1.595 kW 1.76 kW Transformer short-circuit losses3) 19.8 kW 22 kW Max. total harmonic distortion < 3% < 3% Power factor at rated power / displacement power factor adjustable 1 / 0.8 overexcited to 0.8 underexcited Feed-in phases / connection phases 3 / 3 3 / 3 Inverter efficiency4) Max. efficiency 98.4% 98.4% European efficiency 98.3% 98.1% CEC weighted efficiency 98.0% 98.0% Protective devices Input-side disconnection point DC load-break switch Output-side disconnection point AC circuit breaker DC overvoltage protection Type II surge arrester DC ground-fault monitoring / remote ground-fault monitoring ○ / ○ ○ / ○ DC insulation monitoring ○ ○ Galvanic isolation ● ● Arc fault resistance control room (according to IEC 62271-202) IAC A 20 kA 1 s IAC A 20 kA 1 s General data Dimensions (W / H / D)5) 6.058 m / 2.591 m / 2.438 m 6.058 m / 2.591 m / 2.438 m Weight < 16 t < 16 t Operating temperature range −25 °C to +40 °C / +50 °C ● / ○ ● / ○ 1) Self-consumption (max. / partial load / average) < 8,100 W / < 1,800 W / < 2,000 W 1) Self-consumption (stand-by) < 300 W < 300 W Internal auxiliary power supply for inverter self-consumption 8.4 kVA transformer 8.4 kVA transformer Degree of protection according to IEC 60529 Control room IP23D, inverter IP54 Degree of protection according to IEC 60721-3-4 (4C1, 4S2 / 4C2, 4S2) ● / ○ ● / ○ Application / use in chemically active environment In unprotected outdoor environments / ○ Maximum permissible value for relative humidity 15% to 95% 15% to 95% Max. operating altitude above mean sea level 1,000 m / >1,000 m to 2,000 m ● / ○ ● / ○ Fresh air consumption (inverter) 6,500 m³/h 6,500 m³/h Features DC connection Ring terminal lug or busbar Ring terminal lug or busbar AC connection, MV side Outer-cone angle plug Outer-cone angle plug Display HMI touch display (10.1“) Communication protocols / SMA String-Monitor Ethernet, Ethernet/IP, Modbus SC-COM ● Station enclosure color RAL 7004 Transformer for external loads 10 kVA / 20 kVA / 30 kVA ○ Medium-voltage switchgear ○ Oil tray ○ Standards (more available on request) IEC 62271-202, IEC 62271-200, IEC 60076 ● Standard features ○ Optional features — Not available Type designation MVPS 2200SC-10 MVPS 2500SC-EV-10 1) Data based on inverter 2) ONAN = Oil-natural, air-natural cooling 3) Losses in accordance with the Ecodesign regulations, based on grid voltage 20 kV 4) Efficiency measured at inverter with internal power supply 5) Dimensions without feet, service platforms and protection roofs

SYSTEM DIAGRAM

DESIGN NOTES

Inverter compartment DC connections are made from below in the inverter’s DC connection compartment. An integrated transformer and additional space is available for the installation of customer equipment. The air cooling system OptiCool TM ensures smooth operation, even in extreme ambient temperatures.

Transformer compartment Outdoor transformer optimized for PV without active fan for reduced maintenance. The side panels are equipped with protective grids. The transformer is connected directly to the inverter by a highly efficient three-phase busbar. This cuts costs, reduces losses and allows a highly compact design.

Control room The following features are installed: Medium-voltage switchgear with three feeders, including two cable feeders with load-break switch and one transformer feeder with circuit breaker. For optimal user protection, the medium-voltage switchgear contains the standard internal arc classification IAC AFL 20 kA 1s according to IEC 62271-200. Transformers with EMC filters in 10 kVA, 20 kVA and 30 kVA power classes can be installed to support additional communications and control functions and to operate tracker motors. The station subdistribution board and circuit breakers for control, lightning and socket can optionally be supplied via the 2.5 kVA transformer in the SC or the low-voltage transformer in the control room. SMA-Solar.com. visit please

information, latest the For errors. other or typographical for liability no assumes SMA notice.

without paper. time FSC on any at Printed AG. deviations, Technology Solar country-specific of SMA of reasons for trademarks even change, registered to are subject Central are data Sunny and technical SMA as well as described services and products www.SMA-Solar.com SMA Solar Technology MVPS2200SC-2500SC-EV-DEN1537-V20 All

Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

Appendix E. Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment

IW133300

Tailem Bend Solar Project Equis Australia

Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment

IW133300 | V0 22 December 2016

Document Ti tle

Tailem Bend Solar Project Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment

Tailem Bend Solar Project

Project No: IW133300 Document Title: Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment Revision: V0 - Final Date: 22 December 2016 Client Name: Equis Australia Project Manager: Lara Daddow Author: Chris Gosling

Jacobs Group (Australia) Pty Limited ABN 37 001 024 095 Level 6, 30 Flinders Street Adelaide SA 5000 Australia T +61 8 8113 5400 F +61 8 8113 5440 www.jacobs.com

Document history and status

Revision Date Description By Review Approved

A 11/11/16 Internal Review CG AB LD

C 15/11/16 Draft for Equis Review CG LD LD

D 1/12/16 Updated based on Equis comments CG LD LD

E 16/12/16 Minor amendments and update of visualisations CG LD LD

0 22/12/16 Final CG LD LD

IW133300 i Tailem Bend Solar Project Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment

Contents Executive Summary ...... 2 1. Introduction ...... 3 1.1 Tailem Bend Solar Project ...... 3 2. Assessment Method ...... 5 2.1 Desktop Study ...... 5 2.2 Site Visit and Photography ...... 6 2.3 Landscape Context Analysis ...... 6 2.4 Impact Assessment ...... 8 3. Existing Environment...... 9 3.1 Topography ...... 9 3.2 Vegetation ...... 10 3.3 Landscape Types ...... 14 3.4 Key Receptors ...... 17 3.4.1 Major Roads ...... 17 3.4.2 Parks and Reserves ...... 17 3.4.3 Townships ...... 17 3.4.4 Tourist Sites ...... 17 3.4.5 Residential Dwellings ...... 18 4. Visual Assessment ...... 20 4.1 Construction Phase ...... 20 4.2 Operation Phase ...... 20 4.2.1 Glare Impacts ...... 20 4.2.2 Lighting Impacts ...... 20 5. Management Strategies ...... 42 6. Findings and Conclusion...... 43 7. References ...... 46

IW133300 ii Tailem Bend Solar Project Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment

Important note about your report

The sole purpose of this report and the associated services performed by Jacobs is to prepare an assessment of landscape and visual change associated with the Tailem Bend Solar Project in accordance with the scope of services set out in the contract between Jacobs and Equis Australia (here after referred to as Equis). That scope of services, as described in this report, was developed with Equis.

In preparing this report, Jacobs has relied upon, and presumed accurate, any information (or confirmation of the absence thereof) provided by Equis and/or from other sources. Except as otherwise stated in the report, Jacobs has not attempted to verify the accuracy or completeness of any such information. If the information is subsequently determined to be false, inaccurate or incomplete then it is possible that our observations and conclusions as expressed in this report may change.

Jacobs derived the data in this report from information sourced from Equis (if any) and/or available in the public domain at the time or times outlined in this report. The passage of time, manifestation of latent conditions or impacts of future events may require further examination of the Project and subsequent data analysis, and re- evaluation of the data, findings, observations and conclusions expressed in this report. Jacobs has prepared this report in accordance with the usual care and thoroughness of the consulting profession, for the sole purpose described above and by reference to applicable standards, guidelines, procedures and practices at the date of issue of this report. For the reasons outlined above, however, no other warranty or guarantee, whether expressed or implied, is made as to the data, observations and findings expressed in this report, to the extent permitted by law.

This report should be read in full and no excerpts are to be taken as representative of the findings. No responsibility is accepted by Jacobs for use of any part of this report in any other context.

This report has been prepared on behalf of, and for the exclusive use of Equis, and is subject to, and issued in accordance with, the provisions of the contract between Jacobs and Equis. Jacobs accepts no liability or responsibility whatsoever for, or in respect of, any use of, or reliance upon, this report by any third party.

It should be noted that assessment of visual change is highly subjective; perceptions of visual change may vary for individual receptors from the findings presented in this report.

The visualisations in Section 4 of this report were produced by Equis (or their contractor) and provided to Jacobs for the assessment and report. The visualisations are an indicative representation of the visual appearance of the Project and are not survey rectified. They are for general information only and may not be representative of the final built design of the Tailem Bend Solar Project.

IW133300 1 Tailem Bend Solar Project Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment

Executive Summary

A landscape and visual impact assessment was undertaken for a proposed solar project located at 261 Lime Kiln Road Tailem Bend (the subject site). The subject site is highly modified and is currently utilised by a range of land uses including agricultural (grazing), quarrying, an electricity substation, and several high voltage transmission lines. The Tailem Bend Solar Project will have a capacity of up to 110 MW, covering a total site of approximately 200 hectares.

The landscape and visual impact assessment considered the degree of visual change based on the construction and operation of the Tailem Bend Solar Project. The degree of visual change was considered from a number of nominated viewpoints, with the outcomes of the assessment determined based on the distance of the viewpoint to the subject site, the level of disturbance and quality of the existing landscape, and the number of receptors expected to experience the viewpoint.

The key receptors within the region identified as most likely to be affected by the establishment of the Tailem Bend Solar Project were identified as the surrounding residential properties, users of the major roads in the surrounding area; specifically the Mallee Highway, Dukes Highway and the Princes Highway, nearby townships including Tailem Bend and Jervois, and visitors to the (currently under construction) Tailem Bend Motorsport Park.

Overall, the Tailem Bend Solar Project is not anticipated to significantly alter landscape or visual amenity within the region. Intervening topography and vegetation largely screen views of the Project from key receptors and highly exposed locations (i.e. areas that are highly frequented). The subject site is highly disturbed by existing and historical land uses, including an operational quarry, electricity substation, numerous transmission lines and agricultural activity. As such, the subject site is not recognised for its scenic amenity.

Views of the Project from the Dukes Highway railway overpass and the Jervois, and Tailem Bend townships were identified as locations where the degree of visual change may be the greatest. It was determined that intervening topography and vegetation will largely restrict views of the subject site from Tailem Bend and Jervois.

Due to the elevated nature of the Dukes Highway railway overpass, there will be unrestricted views of the subject site for passing motorists. The Project will represent a prominent visual element from this location, with no capacity to screen views due to the height of the overpass. However, the subject site is not recognised for its scenic amenity, is highly disturbed by the existing quarry, substation and transmission lines, and is clear of vegetation. As such, the Project is not expected to significantly alter visual amenity, or the quality of the landscape from this location.

Where visible, the Project will appear as a low profile, contiguous element extending across the subject site, and is not expected to be visually dominant in comparison to the large vertical elements associated with existing electricity infrastructure that characterises the subject site. Visual changes will be moderated by the presence of the existing infrastructure (telecommunications, transmission lines and substation) visible in the region, and concentrated at the subject site.

IW133300 2 Tailem Bend Solar Project Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment

1. Introduction

Equis Australia Pty Ltd (Equis) intend to develop the Tailem Bend Solar Project (the Project) approximately 2 km south-east of Tailem Bend, on a property commonly known as 261 Lime Kiln Road, Tailem Bend (CT5195/427). The Project will have a capacity of up to 110 MW, and cover a total site area of approximately 200 hectares. Infrastructure required on site will include solar panels, invertor stations, provision for a future battery storage facility, a control room and site office, access tracks for maintenance vehicles, compound areas and connection into the facility substation.

The subject site (261 Lime Kiln Road Tailem Bend) currently supports light grazing activities, representative of a typical South Australian agricultural landscape. A small quarry is also present on the subject site and is utilised for road base material (limestone). Various forms of infrastructure are already present within the area surrounding the subject site, including SAPN and ElectraNet substations located adjacent to the northern boundary and numerous high voltage transmission lines crossing the subject site. It is to one of these substations that the proposed Project network connection would be made.

This report has been prepared to support a Development Application for the Project and provides an overview of the existing environment relevant to visual amenity in the area of the Project based on the existing scenic quality, sensitivity of the landscape to change, degree of visual exposure and degree of visual change as a result of the proposed development.

Establishment of the Project has the potential to result in change to the existing rural character and amenity of the locality. Although the subject site is highly disturbed by the historical agricultural activity and the presence of an operational quarry, high voltage transmission lines and an electricity substation, the Project represents an additional visual alteration to the landscape. The scale of change to existing environmental values is discussed and, where relevant, management measures that would minimise the degree of visual change are identified.

This assessment of change to landscape and visual amenity did not incorporate the preparation of photomontages or other digital representations. Visualisations of the Project have been prepared separately by Equis and where appropriate have been provided to provide a representative view of the Project. The degree of visual change was determined based on an analysis of viewpoints from publically accessible key receptors and vantage points of the proposed additional visual elements, and an on-site analysis of the surrounding landscape and its capacity to absorb additional visual elements. It should be noted that assessment of visual change is highly subjective and the individual consideration of visual change from a given receptor may differ from the findings presented in this report.

1.1 Tailem Bend Solar Project

The Project will have a capacity of approximately 110 MW and will include solar panels, invertor stations, provision for a future battery storage facility, a control room and site office, access tracks for maintenance vehicles, compound areas and connection into the facility substation. The preliminary layout of the Project is provided in Figure 1-1.

The solar panels will be fixed mounted and the typically the bottom of the solar modules is 0.5 m to 1 m above ground, with the maximum height of solar modules between 3 m and 4 m above ground. To maximise efficiency, the panels are angled to face 15 degrees west of north, tilted at an angle between 17 and 23 degrees, facing away from the adjacent Highways.

Inverter stations will have a typical maximum height of 3 m above ground, and habitable buildings including single ancillary office building and control room, and a maintenance and spare parts building will have a maximum height of 6m. Lightning protection will be established at every third or fourth inverter, and will be a thin, tubular structure up to 8 m in height that is not expected to be easily discernible outside the boundary of the subject site.

The precise number of inverter stations and solar panels will be determined during detailed design and procurement.

IW133300 3 Tailem Bend Solar Project Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment

Figure 1-1 Preliminary Project Layout

IW133300 4 Tailem Bend Solar Project Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment

2. Assessment Method

A landscape and visual impact assessment (LVIA) was completed for the Project. The LVIA assesses the likely effect of the Project on landscape and visual amenity, considering the sensitivity of the landscape to change, the presence of publically accessible locations, vantage points and key tourist viewing areas, and identified mitigation measures to reduce the overall visual change.

In addition, the relevant Coorong Council Development Plan outlines a broad range of policy relevant to the design and appearance of the Project. In particular, the Development Plans provide that infrastructure development should:  Be of a high architectural standard  Be sited and designed to blend with the natural features of the landscape  Protect areas of scenic or conservation significance from undue damage  Cause minimal damage to the natural landform  Screen and orientate infrastructure away from public view, tourist and scenic routes

The guidelines used form the basis of this assessment and are considered representative of standard industry practice. The LVIA was completed in a four step assessment process:  Desktop study  Site visit and photography  Landscape context analysis  Assessment of visual change

Each of the four step LVIA assessment methodology is discussed in the following sections.

2.1 Desktop Study

A desktop study was undertaken to determine the most visually prominent components of the Project and determine a suitable study area for assessment. To define the study area, a zone of theoretical visual influence (ZTVI) was established. The ZTVI establishes the areas from which the Project is theoretically visible based on the height of project elements and the regional topography. The ZTVI does not take into account the presence of other intervening elements (e.g. vegetation or structures) that may obscure views to the Project; therefore it provided a conservative indication of the visibility of the Project.

The ZTVI study area was defined based on the region within which a modification to the landscape will be easily discernible to the naked eye. At distances where landscape modifications blend into the background, the visual change will be negligible and these areas were therefore not considered. Given that the maximum height of the panels associated with the Project is approximately 4 m, a maximum distance of 10 km was utilised for the furthest extent of the ZTVI. This distance is considered to be conservative, as the maximum distance visible in a flat landscape (as is typical in the study area) is approximately 5 km. Other elements of the project will be greater in height (e.g. transmission connection), however it is expected that these elements will have a limited visual impact (i.e. a slim, vertical profile that is not readily apparent at distance) in comparison to the areas of solar modules. In addition, pole structures are proposed for the transmission line, as compared to the lattice

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structures that currently traverse the site, thus resulting in a reduced visual impact. The study area for the Project is depicted in Figure 2-1.

The desktop study also identified locations that may be more sensitive to visual change, including elevated scenic lookouts, public recreation areas, state and national parks, townships, major thoroughfares and tourist sites.

2.2 Site Visit and Photography

A site visit was conducted to photograph and document the study area. A number of locations surrounding the Project (viewpoints) were selected for analysis to provide a representative assessment of visual change at publically accessible locations in terms of distance and direction.

Photographs and an analysis of the landscape gathered during the site visit formed the primary basis for the LVIA. Panoramas have been presented for each of the viewpoints to simulate the wider horizontal field of view that a person typically experiences, as opposed to what is represented in a single photograph. In all cases, the LVIA has been based on site observations – photos and field notes served as a record only.

2.3 Landscape Context Analysis

The capacity of the landscape to absorb additional visual elements was considered with reference to geology, landform and vegetation coverage. This analysis was undertaken to gain an understanding of elements available to restrict line of sight to the Project, as well as the existing level of visual amenity.

The study area was categorised into landscape types based on the visual absorption capacity, land use, topography and level of existing visual amenity. Landscape categories were grouped together with other areas displaying similar visual characteristics and similarly sensitive to the introduction of alternate visual elements. The landscape types are described in Section 3.3.

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Figure 2-1 LVIA Study Area

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2.4 Impact Assessment

Changes to landscape and visual amenity were assessed at each of the nominated viewpoints surrounding the Project. Visual change was assessed based on three key criteria, each of which were assigned a value of ‘high’, ‘medium’, or ‘low’ to form a rating of overall visual change. The three key criteria and value rankings are:  Distance: the distance of a viewpoint from an introduced visual element. - High: where the proposed development would be a highly dominant element in the view - Medium: where the proposed development would be a moderately dominant element in the view - Low: where the proposed development would be difficult to discern as it is in the far distance  Sensitivity: the existing level of visual amenity at the viewpoint, in relation to the ability to absorb the visual changes of the proposed infrastructure. Generally, a highly modified landscape with many artificial elements will have low sensitivity and therefore a greater visual absorption capacity when compared to a natural landscape: - High: relatively undisturbed, naturalistic landscapes of high visual amenity - Medium: moderately disturbed landscape, displaying remnant natural features and limited introduction of artificial elements with medium visual amenity - Low: highly modified or disturbed landscapes with low visual amenity It should be noted that sensitivity of a landscape to change is highly subjective, and the level of visual change on a given landscape will vary between viewers.  Exposure: the degree of visual exposure relates to the comparative number of people that are likely to experience the change of visual qualities of the landscape brought about by the construction and operation of the Project Infrastructure: - High: public areas which experience a high degree of visitation, including populated areas. Public locations with high exposure include areas such as major roads, parks and recreation reserves, scenic lookouts and townships. High sensitivity is generally assigned to locations with the express purpose of observing and appreciating the landscape - Medium: public areas which experience a lower degree of visitation and are not necessarily utilised for the express purpose of appreciating the landscape. Includes secondary roads / areas such as Kulde Road and Jervios Road - Low: infrequently visited locations which are separated from populated areas and major thoroughfares, including local roads

Based on the distance, sensitivity and exposure ratings assigned to each viewpoint, an overall visual change is determined. The overall rating is determined on a case-by-case basis taking into consideration the individual criteria and site specific conditions at the viewpoint. Typically, viewpoints that are highly exposed or highly sensitive experience a greater level of change. The degree of visual change tends to decrease with distance as visual elements blend into the horizon and the surrounding landscape. Site specific conditions that may influence overall visual change include the presence of intervening vegetation (which may reduce the level of change) or the presence of unique landscape features (which may increase the level of change). The scale of visual change at each viewpoint is considered as follows:  High: a significant and detrimental change to the landscape characteristics and visual amenity  Medium: a moderate detrimental change to the landscape characteristics and visual amenity  Low: a minor detrimental change that is noticeable, however would not result in a substantial change to the visual characteristics of the landscape  Negligible: the level of visual change would be virtually unnoticeable  Nil: the development would not be visible, therefore would not have a visual change

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3. Existing Environment

The following section provides an overview of the existing environment within the study area in relation to visual amenity. Topography, vegetation coverage and landscape types are discussed, as well as identified receptors sensitive to the introduction of new visual elements.

3.1 Topography

The agricultural landscape of the Tailem Bend region, including the subject site, is typically flat, with elevations ranging from 10 to 25 m AHD. The north-west of the study area comprises the highest elevations up to 100 m AHD. The landscape slopes towards the coast and River Murray, the south-west of the study area.

When viewed from the subject site, the largely flat to gently undulating landscape extends in all directions (Plate 3-1 and Plate 3-2). It is noted that existing electricity infrastructure, in particular lattice transmission towers are observable from most locations in this landscape.

The flat to gently undulating nature of the terrain across much of the study area permits clear views across the landscape from most locations. In landscapes such as this, constructed features have the potential to be seen from a broader area as compared with hilly country, where views of particular features have greater potential to be constrained by intervening terrain.

The topography of the study area is depicted in Figure 3-1.

Plate 3-1 Agricultural Landscape – Lime Kiln Road

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Plate 3-2 Agricultural Landscape – Substation Road

3.2 Vegetation

The landscape within the study area is largely cleared of vegetation as a result of historical and ongoing agricultural activity. Linear bands of native vegetation are commonly present along roadsides, adjacent to dwellings, and running parallel to many property boundaries. Where these occur, they are often tall enough to restrict views out across the landscape. Significant areas of native vegetation remain intact within Conservation Parks, including Poonthie Ruwe Conservation Park (Plate 3-3) and Mowantjie Willauwar Conservation Park.

In conjunction with topographic variation, vegetation has the greatest capacity to constrain views toward the Project in a rural landscape. Low, open vegetation has less capacity to constrain views toward the proposed development as it mainly consists of low shrubs and grasses.

Conversely, where it occurs, dense stands of taller vegetation are high enough to inhibit views of the constructed elements (Plate 3-4). It is noted however, that there are limited locations where dense vegetation suitable to constrain views across the landscape occur. Vegetation coverage in the study area is presented in Figure 3-2 and is based upon a publically available dataset produced by the Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. It should be noted that the dataset is not completely accurate, and depicts the subject site as supporting native vegetation. In reality, the subject site is largely clear of native vegetation as a result of historical agricultural usage of the land.

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Figure 3-1 Topography

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Plate 3-3 Poonthie Ruwe Conservation Park – viewed from intersection of Mallee and Dukes Highways

Plate 3-4 Vegetation – Princes Highway

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Figure 3-2 Vegetation Coverage

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3.3 Landscape Types

Four key landscape types were identified within the LVIA study area, namely:  Agricultural  Parks and Reserves  Townships  Special Events

Landscape types were collated according to areas with similar visual characteristics in terms of vegetation cover, landform, amenity value, level of modification and unique site characteristics. Each landscape type has an associated level of sensitivity to the construction and operation of the Project. A summary of the landscape types within the study area and their associated sensitivity to visual modification is provided in Table 3-1.

Table 3-1 Summary of Landscape Types

Landscape Type Description Sensitivity to Change

Agricultural The most prevalent landscape type within the study area. Relatively flat Low to Medium (depending on the agricultural land largely cleared of vegetation. Low exposure with limited quality and extent of vegetation visitation and fewer constructed elements. The constructed elements present coverage and the extent of within this landscape are typically electricity infrastructure (high transmission disturbance to the existing lines or substations) or structures associated with agricultural activities. At the landscape) subject site, a quarry is also present within this landscape. The agricultural landscape within the study area is not unique, and is consistent with much of the agricultural landscape in the Tailem Bend area and broader Coorong region.

Parks and Areas of high landscape (experiential) as well as visual (scenic) value. May Medium to High (depending on Reserves include recreational parks and reserves with hiking trails, conservation parks topographical diversity). and scenic lookouts. As vantage points within this Previous investigations into landscape quality of the River Murray (Lothian landscape are limited, most views 2007) adjacent to Tailem Bend indicate that scenic quality is lower than will be from external locations. Due average when compared to other areas of the River within South Australia. to the dense nature of the Generally, vegetation in these areas is dense and, with very few vegetation, this landscape provides modifications made to the landscape. Access into and within this landscape the opportunity to act as a visual is usually limited to minor roads and access tracks. barrier between a particular vantage point and the subject site.

Township Comprising areas of settlement (e.g. Tailem Bend), with a relatively higher Medium to High due to the number of viewers. Typically sensitive to visual changes in surroundings. increased number of potential receptors. Views within a township are generally restricted by buildings, infrastructure and vegetation to act as a visual barrier between a particular vantage point and the subject site.

Special Events The Tailem Bend Motorsport Park is located approximately 750 m south of Medium, receivers within this the subject site and currently supports low levels of motorsport activities. The landscape type typically seek to Motorsport Park is currently earmarked for significant redevelopment which experience motorsports, not the would result in a substantial increase in visitors to the area (refer to Section rural character of the broader 3.4 for further information). landscape.

The extent and location of landscape types are depicted in Figure 3-3, and a representative image of each landscape type is presented in Plate 3-1 and Plate 3-2 (agricultural), Plate 3-3 (parks and reserves), Plate 3-5 (township) and Plate 3-6 (special events).

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Plate 3-5 Township Landscape Type (Tailem Bend)

Plate 3-6 Special Events Landscape Type (Tailem Bend Motorsport Park, under construction)

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Figure 3-3 Landscape Types

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3.4 Key Receptors

Key receptors are localities and travelling routes within the study area that are more highly frequented by people and hence have greater potential to be visually impacted by the Project as compared with less frequented areas. The inclusion of viewpoint analysis locations from key receptors assists with the completeness of the assessment by covering the areas with the greatest risk of visual change. The following section provides an overview of key receptors within the study area including roads, parks, reserves, townships and tourist sites.

3.4.1 Major Roads

The Mallee Highway is a major highway providing accessibility between Adelaide and Sydney and runs in an east-west direction approximately 200 m south of the subject site.

The Dukes Highway extends south, connecting Adelaide to Melbourne and is approximately 200 m west of the subject site at its nearest point. An overpass extends the Dukes Highway over the Adelaide-Melbourne railway line at this point.

Finally, the Princes Highway follows the River Murray, approximately 1.2 km west of the subject site and provides connectivity to Adelaide, Melbourne and Sydney via the coastline.

3.4.2 Parks and Reserves

Poonthie Ruwe Conservation Park is the nearest reserve; approximately 550 m south of the subject site. Poonthie Ruwe Conservation Park is sited between the Dukes Highway and Blackett Road and comprises an area of approximately 240 ha. The Park protects the largest known area of intact Scented Irongrass tussock grassland, and is largely utilised for conservation, rather than recreation purposes (Department for Environment and Heritage (DEH) 2008).

Mowantjie Willauwar Conservation Park is also located within the study area, approximately 4.5 km south-west of the subject site. Mowantjie Willauwar Conservation Park comprises approximately 143 ha and supports two nationally threatened orchid species; the Sandhill Greenhood Orchid, and the Metallic Sun-orchid (DEH 2008).

The River Murray extends in a north-south direction, approximately 1.5 km west of the subject site adjacent to the Tailem Bend township. At this location, the River Murray is largely used for recreational purposes (e.g. boating and fishing) with a number of shacks and tourist accommodation fronting the river on the fringe of Tailem Bend.

3.4.3 Townships

Tailem Bend and Jervois are the two townships identified within the LVIA study area where the Project is theoretically visible. Tailem Bend is located approximately 2 km north-west of the subject site. Tailem Bend is a regional township, with a population of 1,802 (ABS 2011). Jervois is on the opposite side of the River Murray to Tailem Bend, approximately 3.5 km west of the subject site. Jervois is a small riverside town, with a population of 283 in the town and surrounding area (ABS 2006).

3.4.4 Tourist Sites

The key tourist sites identified within the LVIA study area; are the River Murray (previously discussed above) and the Tailem Bend Motorsport Park. The Tailem Bend Motorsport Park is located approximately 750 m south of the subject site. The Motorsport Park is a former Mitsubishi testing track, and is currently utilised for motorsport activities. The Motorsport Park is earmarked for significant redevelopment, incorporating a multi- purpose motorsport complex catering for international events, national series racing, club events and driver safety training. In addition, the redeveloped Motorsport Park is proposed to accommodate a range of retail, commercial, industrial, manufacturing and tourist accommodation facilities. Components of the redeveloped motorsport park are currently under construction, with significant intersection upgrades undertaken on both the Mallee Highway and Dukes Highway.

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3.4.5 Residential Dwellings Scattered rural residential dwellings are present around the subject site, and the closest dwelling in each direction is depicted in Figure 3-4. Although the number of viewers at residential dwellings is lower in comparison to publically accessibly locations, elements of the Project visible from private property are likely to represent a greater impact in comparison to elements visible from public roads only visible to passing motorists.

Views of the Project from private property are considered long term impacts as they are visible every day, as opposed to short term impacts experienced in public locations which are only experienced for the duration that a receptor is visiting that location.

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Figure 3-4 Residential Dwellings (Sensitive Receivers)

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4. Visual Assessment

Activities undertaken during construction and operation of the Project will result in changes to the landscape and visual amenity of the study area. These changes to the visual environment will occur as a result of:  Earthworks, soil disturbance and stockpiling  Development of buildings and infrastructure in areas where they do not currently exist  Increase in the number of people, vehicles and machinery

4.1 Construction Phase

During the construction phase, the change to visual amenity within the study area will occur as a result of earthworks, construction of additional infrastructure and an overall increase in the number of people and vehicles. The changing visual environment and activity during construction will be temporary, therefore is not considered in detail in the visual assessment.

4.2 Operation Phase

Viewpoint locations utilised for the purposes of the LVIA are summarised and presented spatially in Figure 4-1. The viewpoints have been selected to be representative of the degree of change from each of the landscape types identified in Section 3.3 and the key receptors identified in Section 3.4. An analysis of each viewpoint was undertaken in accordance with the methodology outlined in Section 2.

In total, ten viewpoints were assessed, with the outcomes of the viewpoint assessment presented below. At each of the viewpoint, a visualisation of the Project was prepared by Equis and is provided as an indicative representation of the visual appearance of the Project. The visualisations are not survey rectified. The visualisations portrayed in this document are for general information only and may not be representative of the final built design of the Tailem Bend Solar Project.

Changes to the visual environment from residential dwellings were also considered, and viewpoints were selected to align with the approximate locations of the nearest dwellings. The Project will represent a significant visual change for properties directly bordering the subject site. Dwellings further away from the subject site are less likely to be impacted by visual alterations, as visibility is reduced as a result of intervening topography and vegetation.

The introduction of the solar panels and inverters will represent the most prominent visual alteration within the subject site. Vertical elements such as the lightning protection are not expected to be easily discernible beyond the boundaries of the subject site due to the thin, linear profile of the structure that readily blends into the horizon.

4.2.1 Glare Impacts

Solar panels are designed to absorb sunlight, not reflect and are coated with a layer of anti-reflective material that allows the sunlight to pass through, but minimizes reflection. The operation of solar technology requires minimal glare, as reflected light is contradictory to efficient generation of electricity. Despite this, a small proportion of light (approximately 2%) is reflected from the panels.

To minimise the impact of this glare, the panels are orientated north, such that the face of the panels are not visible from the most highly exposed locations (e.g. Dukes Highway and Mallee Highway).

4.2.2 Lighting Impacts

Low-level night time lighting is proposed for safety and security purposes. The proposed lighting incorporates infra-red technology that results in minimal light spill beyond the boundaries of the subject site. As such, night time lighting impacts are expected to be minimal.

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Figure 4-1 LVIA Viewpoints

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Viewpoint 1: Intersection of Mallee Highway and Lime Kiln Road

EXISTING VIEW

PROJECT VISUALISATION

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Viewpoint 1: Intersection of Mallee Highway and Lime Kiln Road

Location Intersection of Mallee Highway and Lime Kiln Road Latitude: 35; 17; 7, Longitude: 139; 30; 23

View Direction North-west

Landscape Type(s) Agricultural

Distance to Subject Site Approximately 750 m

Sensitivity Low: minimal vegetation coverage or topographic variation. Numerous signs of disturbance including vegetation clearance for agricultural purposes and establishment of electricity infrastructure.

Exposure High: the viewpoint is located adjacent to the Mallee Highway, and is representative of the landscape viewed by approximately 950 motorists per day (DPTI 2015).

Description The viewpoint encompasses a typical agricultural landscape comprising the subject site and adjoining property. Scattered low to medium height vegetation is observable within the road reserve and adjacent to property boundaries. A ridgeline in the middle-distance restricts extended views to the north, with a series of transmission lines extending into the subject site toward the existing substation, visible between the scattered trees in the centre of the view.

Comments The Project will be visible from this viewpoint on the southern side of the ridgeline passing through in the middle distance. Roadside vegetation commonly present along this length of the Mallee Highway will intermittently restrict views to the Project. The Project itself will represent a uniform, low profile element extending across the subject site that is not anticipated to represent a dominant visual element in comparison to the large vertical elements associated with existing electricity infrastructure that characterises the site.

Visual Change Low: although this viewpoint is highly frequented, it provides only intermittent views toward the Project, largely restricted by intervening topography and vegetation. Views from this location are primarily experienced by passing vehicles, visible out the window when passing by at 100 km/hr. When visible, the Project will appear as a uniform, low profile element extending across the subject site; significantly less visually dominant than the large scale electricity infrastructure that is currently present. The presence of a numerous elements associated with electricity infrastructure (transmission lines and substations) moderates the degree of visual change to the existing landscape proposed by the Project.

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Viewpoint 2: Dukes Highway

EXISTING VIEW

PROJECT VISUALISATION

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Viewpoint 2: Dukes Highway

Location Dukes Highway, at northern entrance of Tailem Bend Motorsport Park, approximately 1.2 km south of the intersection with the Mallee Highway. Latitude: 35; 17; 20, Longitude: 139; 29; 12

View Direction North

Landscape Type(s) Parks and Reserves: Poonthie Ruwe Conservation Park is located adjacent to the Dukes Highway at this point (west). Special Events: the viewpoint is located adjacent to, and provides views into the future northern entrance of the Tailem Bend Motorsport Park. Agricultural: agricultural activity is visible in the middle to far distance.

Distance to Subject Site Approximately 1.5 km

Sensitivity Medium: the viewpoint is located adjacent to the Poonthie Ruwe Conservation Park and the Tailem Bend Motorsport Park

Exposure High: the viewpoint is located on the principle highway linking Melbourne and Adelaide, and adjacent to, the future northern entrance of the Tailem Bend Motorsport Park.

Description This viewpoint is located on the Dukes Highway, south of the intersection of the Mallee Highway. Road upgrades are observed in the foreground to facilitate access for the ongoing redevelopment of the Tailem Bend Motorsport Park. A band of linear, medium height vegetation within the road reserve largely restricts extended views across the landscape. A number of scattered structures and vehicles are located within the Tailem Bend Motorsport Park, with electricity infrastructure visible on the horizon including transmission lines and the existing substation (near the centre of the viewpoint). The Poonthie Ruwe Conservation Park is located directly east of this viewpoint.

Comments From this viewpoint the Project will be largely screened from view by intervening vegetation. The ongoing redevelopment of the Tailem Bend Motorsport Park will result in the introduction of a number of visual elements that will further screen the Project when viewed from the Dukes Highway. The majority of works associated with the Tailem Bend Motorsport Park redevelopment is focussed in the north-western corner of the site, and will be the dominant visual element from this viewpoint. The Project is not expected to be a significant visual element from this location, and where visible will appear as a low profile element, extending across the subject site.

Visual Change Low: although this viewpoint is highly frequented, it provides only intermittent views toward the Project, largely restricted by intervening vegetation and structures (both existing and proposed). Views from this location are primarily experienced by passing vehicles, visible out the window when passing by at 100 km/hr. When visible, the Project will appear as a uniform, low profile element extending across the subject site. The ongoing redevelopment of the Tailem Bend Motorsport Park will further restrict views toward the Project. The presence of numerous elements associated with electricity infrastructure (transmission lines and substation) moderates the degree of visual change to the existing landscape proposed by the Project.

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Viewpoint 3: Princes Highway

EXISTING VIEW

PROJECT VISUALISATION

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Viewpoint 3: Princes Highway

Location Princes Highway, approximately 1.2 km south of the intersection with the Dukes Highway Latitude: 35; 16; 58, Longitude: 139; 27; 16

View Direction North-east

Landscape Type(s) Agricultural

Distance to Subject Site Approximately 2 km

Sensitivity Low: although a large area of vegetation is visible in the foreground of this viewpoint, there are numerous signs of disturbance including vegetation clearance for agricultural purposes and establishment of infrastructure (electricity and telecommunications).

Exposure High: the viewpoint is located adjacent to the Princes Highway, and is representative of the landscape viewed by approximately 1900 motorists per day (DPTI 2015).

Description The viewpoint encompasses a patch of medium height vegetation extending from the foreground to the middle distance that largely restricts extended views across the landscape. The Princes Highway extends to the north of the viewpoint, with large vertical elements extending above vegetation on the horizon. Infrastructure observable from this viewpoint includes telecommunications infrastructure, transmission line towers and the existing substation on the subject site.

Comments The Project will be visible from this viewpoint on the horizon above the vegetation. The vegetation will largely screen views toward the Project, with additional infrastructure appearing as a low profile, linear element extending across the horizon. Given the distance to the subject site, the Project is not expected to be easily discernible from this viewpoint.

Visual Change Low: although this viewpoint is highly frequented, it provides only limited views toward the Project, largely restricted by intervening vegetation. Views from this location are primarily experienced by passing vehicles, visible out the window when passing by at 100 km/hr. When visible, the Project will appear as a uniform, low profile element extending across the horizon; with clear views toward the Project restrict by the distance to the subject site. The presence of existing infrastructure (telecommunications, transmission lines and substations) moderates the degree of visual change to the existing landscape proposed by the Project.

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Viewpoint 4: Kulde Road

EXISTING VIEW

PROJECT VISUALISATION

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Viewpoint 4: Kulde Road

Location Kulde Road, near intersection of Tailem Bend-Paringa Railway Latitude: 35; 15; 31, Longitude: 139; 27; 24

View Direction South-west

Landscape Type(s) Agricultural

Distance to Subject Site Approximately 3 km

Exposure Medium: Kulde Road provides accessibility between Tailem Bend and Loxton.

Description This viewpoint is located on Kulde Road, adjacent to the intersection with the Tailem Bend-Paringa Railway. The viewpoint is elevated from the subject site and provides extended views toward the south. Linear bands of vegetation are present within the road reserve and running adjacent to fence lines within private property. Two ridgelines in the middle distance provide screen elements of the landscape from this viewpoint. The existing substation at the subject site is not discernible from this location, however numerous transmission lines are observed running toward the subject site.

Comments The Project is not expected to be observable from this viewpoint due to the presence of intervening topography and vegetation. The existing substation, and all areas of the subject site to the south-west of the substation are screened by the ridgelines in the middle distance. The majority of Kulde Road is bordered by dense vegetation that completely restricts views across the landscape, with the viewpoint one of the few locations where extended views are permitted.

Visual Change Negligible: the viewpoint provides only limited views toward the project, largely restricted by intervening topography. When visible, the Project will appear as a uniform, low profile element extending across the eastern portion of the site. The viewpoint observes a modified agricultural landscape, and is not identified as an area of scenic importance. The presence of existing infrastructure (transmission line) moderates the degree of visual change to the existing landscape proposed by the Project.

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Viewpoint 5: Dukes Highway (Tailem Bend Industrial Park)

EXISTING VIEW

PROJECT VISUALISATION

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Viewpoint 5: Dukes Highway (Tailem Bend Industrial Park)

Location Dukes Highway at the intersection of Tuscany Grove (the entrance to the Tailem Bend Industrial Park) Latitude: 35; 16; 36, Longitude: 139; 28; 4

View Direction East

Landscape Type(s) Agricultural: agricultural activity is visible in the middle to far distance. Township: the Tailem Bend Industrial park is visible in the foreground.

Distance to Subject Site Approximately 700 m

Sensitivity Low: although the township landscape type (the Tailem Bend Industrial Park) is present in the foreground, the area is largely vacant, with the majority of allotments unutilised. In addition, the industrial park is used for employment purposes, as opposed to residential or recreation purposes of other areas of the township, that are likely to be more impacted by infrastructure development.

Exposure High: the viewpoint is located adjacent to the Dukes Highway, and is representative of the landscape viewed by approximately 5000 motorists per day (DPTI 2015).

Description This viewpoint is located on the Dukes Highway at the intersection of Tuscany Grove, and the entrance to the Tailem Bend Industrial Park. The entrance structures and signage either side of Tuscany Grove are prominent, with industrial buildings (the Big Olive) observable. Linear bands of vegetation are present within road reserves and property boundaries. Both the existing structures and the vegetation largely restrict views toward the subject site. The existing substation and transmission lines are visible on the ridgeline running above the vegetation in the middle distance.

Comments From this viewpoint the Project will be largely screened from view by intervening vegetation. Future development within the Tailem Bend Industrial Park will result in additional visual elements and further restrict views towards the Project. The Project is not expected to be a significant visual element from this viewpoint, and where visible will appear as a low profile element, extending above the ridgeline discernible in the middle distance.

Visual Change Low: although this viewpoint is highly frequented, it provides only intermittent views toward the Project, largely restricted by intervening vegetation and structures. Views from this location are primarily experienced by passing vehicles, visible out the window when passing by at 100 km/hr. Where visible, the Project will appear as a low profile element, extending above the ridgeline discernible in the middle distance. The presence of a numerous elements associated with electricity infrastructure (transmission lines and substation) moderates the degree of visual change to the existing landscape proposed by the Project.

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Viewpoint 6: Dukes Highway (Adelaide-Melbourne Railway Overpass)

EXISTING VIEW

PROJECT VISUALISATION

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Viewpoint 6: Dukes Highway (Adelaide-Melbourne Railway Overpass)

Location Dukes Highway, overpass of Adelaide-Melbourne Railway (image taken from an elevated position on Lime Kiln Road for safety purposes and restrictions with stopping on the Dukes Highway overpass) Latitude: 35; 16; 42, Longitude: 139; 28; 47

View Direction North-east

Landscape Type(s) Agricultural

Distance to Subject Site Approximately 50 m

Sensitivity Low: minimal vegetation coverage or topographic variation. Numerous signs of disturbance including agricultural activity, an operating quarry and electricity infrastructure.

Exposure High: the viewpoint is located adjacent to the Dukes Highway, and is representative of the landscape viewed by approximately 5000 motorists per day (DPTI 2015).

Description Due to restrictions with stopping on the Dukes Highway at the Adelaide-Melbourne Railway overpass, this viewpoint is taken from an elevated position on Lime Kiln Road, as close as practicable to the rail overpass to simulate the view from the Dukes Highway. This viewpoint takes in the majority of the subject site, and the project will be highly visible from this location. The existing quarry, substation and transmission lines are all clearly visible from this location, with no intervening structures, vegetation or topography restricting views of the subject site.

Comments The Project will represent a significant visual alteration to the existing landscape when viewed from this location. The Project will represent a low profile, contiguous element, extending across the subject site. The existing electricity infrastructure will represent the most significant vertical elements on the subject site, and will continue to extend above the Project.

Visual Change Low to Medium: the Project will represent a prominent visual element, with no capacity to screen views from this elevated location. Views from this location are primarily experienced by passing vehicles, visible out the window when passing by at 100 km/hr. The viewpoint is in a highly exposed location on the Dukes Highway, and the degree of visual change will be experienced by passing motorists. Despite this, the subject site is not recognised for its scenic amenity, is highly disturbed by the existing quarry, substation and transmission lines, is clear of vegetation and is therefore not considered to be sensitive to change. As such, construction and operation of the Project is not expected to significantly alter the landscape or visual amenity from this location, nor represent a significant detrimental change to existing landscape quality.

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Viewpoint 7: Jervois Township

EXISTING VIEW

PROJECT VISUALISATION

IW133300 34 Tailem Bend Solar Project Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment

Viewpoint 7: Jervois Township

Location Jervois Township (Drummond Street, near the intersection of Henninson Road) Latitude: 35; 15; 54, Longitude: 139; 26; 14

View Direction South-east

Landscape Type(s) Agricultural: the viewpoint primarily observes an agricultural landscape Township: located within the Jervois township Parks and Reserves: the River Murray floodplain is visible in the middle distance

Distance to Subject Site Approximately 3.5 km

Sensitivity Medium: located within the Jervois township, with diversity of vegetation, topography and the presence of the River Murray in the middle distance.

Exposure Medium: the viewpoint is located within the Jervois township, on the road

providing accessibility between Wellington, Jervois and Murray Bridge.

Description The viewpoint encompasses the typical agricultural landscape west of Tailem Bend on the opposite side of the River Murray. Scattered dwellings and ancillary structures associated with the Jervois township are visible in the foreground. Large, scattered vegetation partially screens views across the extended landscape. The landscape in the middle distance (between Jervois and the River Murray) is largely clear of vegetation and represents a flat, agricultural landscape. Additional vegetation is visible on the opposite side of the river, and provides further screening of the structures and infrastructure surrounding Tailem Bend. Telecommunications infrastructure and transmission lines are visible on the horizon.

Comments The Project is not expected to be observable from this viewpoint due to the presence of intervening topography and vegetation. If cleared of vegetation, the Project would not be readily visible from this location and would extend as a low profile element extending across the horizon.

Visual Change Nil: intervening topography and vegetation restricts views of the subject site from this viewpoint.

IW133300 35 Tailem Bend Solar Project Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment

Viewpoint 8: Lime Kiln Road intersection of Substation Road

EXISTING VIEW

PROJECT VISUALISATION

IW133300 36 Tailem Bend Solar Project Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment

Viewpoint 8: Lime Kiln Road intersection of Substation Road

Location Lime Kiln Road approximately 100 m north of the intersection with Substation Road Latitude: 35; 16; 11, Longitude: 139; 28; 10

View Direction South-east

Landscape Type(s) Agricultural

Distance to Subject Site Approximately 300 m

Exposure Low: Lime Kiln Road is utilised to provide access to scattered rural and rural living dwellings on large allotments. It is also used as the principal point of access to the quarry currently in operation at the subject site.

Description This viewpoint is located on Lime Kiln Road, approximately 100m north of the intersection with Substation Road. A thick, linear band of vegetation is observed running parallel to Lime Kiln Road, south of substation road, however no significant roadside vegetation is present at this viewpoint. The Magpie Road railway crossing is present immediately south of this viewpoint. Three rural dwellings are visible in the foreground. A north-south running ridgeline in the middle-distance restricts extended views to the south-east. A series of transmission lines are visible on the horizon extending into the site toward the existing substation, partially obscured by intervening topography.

Comments The viewpoint offers clear views into the subject site and the Project will be visible in the foreground of the north-south ridgeline in the middle distance. The balance of the Project will be screened from view by the ridgeline. Vegetation surrounding the dwellings in the foreground will provide partial screening of the Project. Where visible, the Project will represent a low profile, contiguous element, extending across the subject site. The existing electricity infrastructure will represent the most significant vertical elements on the subject site, and will continue to extend above the Project.

Visual Change Low: although the Project will represent a prominent visual element, the viewpoint is not located in an area considered sensitive to visual change, nor is it highly frequented. The subject site and surrounding landscape visible from this viewpoint is not recognised for its scenic amenity, and is highly disturbed by agricultural activity, the existing substation and transmission lines. The Project does not incorporate significant vertical elements, and will appear as a low profile, contiguous element, extending across the subject site. As such, construction and operation of the Project is not expected to significantly alter the landscape or visual amenity from this location, nor represent a significant detrimental change to existing landscape quality. The presence of existing infrastructure (transmission lines and substation) moderates the degree of visual change to the existing landscape proposed by the Project.

IW133300 37 Tailem Bend Solar Project Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment

Viewpoint 9: Lime Kiln Road (edge of Tailem Bend township)

EXISTING VIEW

PROJECT VISUALISATION

IW133300 38 Tailem Bend Solar Project Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment

Viewpoint 9: Lime Kiln Road (edge of Tailem Bend township)

Location Lime Kiln Road, on the edge of the Tailem Bend township Latitude: 35; 15; 47, Longitude: 139; 27; 51

View Direction South-east

Landscape Type(s) Township: the viewpoint is located on the fringe of the Tailem Bend township Agricultural: the viewpoint primarily observes an agricultural landscape

Distance to Subject Site Approximately 1.1 km

Sensitivity Low: although located on the edge of the Tailem Bend township, the viewpoint encompasses a primarily agricultural landscape with various signs of disturbance including vegetation clearance, earthworks and electricity infrastructure.

Exposure Medium: the viewpoint is located on the fringe of the Tailem Bend Township.

Description This viewpoint is approximately 750 m further up Lime Kiln Road than Viewpoint 8. Linear bands of roadside vegetation are present in this section of Lime Kiln Road, however gaps provide opportunities for views toward the subject site. Scattered vegetation is present within the middle distance and provide partial screening of the subject site. Minor topographic variation provides further partial screening south of this viewpoint. A transmission line extending into the subject site is visible on the horizon between the gaps in vegetation.

Comments From this viewpoint, the project will be largely screened from view by intervening vegetation and topography. Where visible, the project will extend across the horizon as a low profile, linear element. Given the distance to the subject site, the Project is not expected to be easily discernible from this viewpoint.

Visual Change Negligible: the viewpoint provides only limited views toward the project, largely restricted by intervening vegetation. When visible, the Project will appear as a uniform, low profile element extending across the horizon. The viewpoint observes a highly modified agricultural landscape, and is not identified as an area of scenic importance. The presence of existing infrastructure (transmission line) moderates the degree of visual change to the existing landscape proposed by the Project.

IW133300 39 Tailem Bend Solar Project Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment

Viewpoint 10: Magpie Road

EXISTING VIEW

PROJECT VISUALISATION

IW133300 40 Tailem Bend Solar Project Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment

Viewpoint 10: Magpie Road

Location 43 Magpie Road, approximately 350 m west of Lime Kiln Road Latitude: 35; 16; 11, Longitude: 139; 28; 1

View Direction East

Landscape Type(s) Township: located within the rural living area of Tailem Bend. Agricultural: the agricultural landscape is visible beyond the rural living area

Distance to Subject Site Approximately 500 m

Sensitivity Medium: the viewpoint is located within the rural living area of Tailem Bend

Exposure Medium: a number of semi-rural dwellings are located within the rural living area. Magpie Road also provides accessibility from Lime Kiln Road to the Dukes Highway (via the Tailem Bend Industrial Park) and is expected to support higher number of vehicles in comparison to a typical semi-rural road.

Description Roadside vegetation, large enough to restrict extended views across the landscape is present along the majority of Magpie Road. Additional roadside vegetation adjacent to Lime Kiln Road further restricts views. Scattered dwellings and ancillary structures associated with the rural living area are visible from this location. A railway crossing and Substation Road are observable immediately east of this viewpoint. A ridgeline in the middle distance, and a second larger ridgeline on the horizon further restrict views of the landscape. Electricity infrastructure (transmission lines, distribution lines and a substation) is also visible from this location.

Comments From this viewpoint, the Project will be largely screened from view by intervening vegetation and structures. The ridgeline in the middle distance further restricts views of the subject site. Small portions of the Project will be visible between gaps in the vegetation and immediately adjacent to Substation Road.

Visual Change Low: the majority of the Project will be screened from view at this location. A small portion of the overall project will be visible immediately adjacent to Substation Road, and will extend across the subject site as a low profile contiguous element. The visual change of the Project is moderated by the number of large vertical elements observable at this viewpoint, including the railway crossing, distribution lines, transmission lines and substation.

IW133300 41 Tailem Bend Solar Project Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment

5. Management Strategies

In order to minimise and mitigate changes to landscape and visual amenity, the following control and management strategies should be incorporated into the Construction Environmental Management Plan or Operations Environmental Management Plan and implemented for relevant project components:  Demobilisation of construction equipment from site as soon as practicable to minimise affect to visual amenity.  Where practicable, buildings and structures will be of muted, earthen tones consistent with dominant colours in the landscape; highly reflective materials will be avoided to avoid glare and reduce the visibility of buildings and structures.  Undertake rehabilitation of disturbed areas as soon as practicable.  Removal of all above ground infrastructure, and rehabilitation of subject site following decommissioning of the Project.  Carry out early communication with landowners within or near to the Project to inform them of the proposed development. Communication should include details on: - Construction timing and activities; - Anticipated vehicle movements; and - Likely operational footprint and visible elements.  A range of measures will be incorporated to the design to minimise glare from the panels, including: - Orientation of the panels to face north, resulting only in the rear of the panels being visible from the Highways. - The solar panels are designed with a layer of anti-reflective material that allows the sunlight to pass through, but minimises reflection. - Current proposed solar panels reflect as little as 2% of the incoming sunlight.

IW133300 42 Tailem Bend Solar Project Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment

6. Findings and Conclusion

The LVIA conducted for the Project identified that it will not be located within areas commonly regarded as being of significant or high scenic or aesthetic value. The LVIA study area is characterised as an agricultural landscape, with low to mid height vegetation, rural dwellings, and existing electricity infrastructure scattered throughout the landscape. The key receptors in the area considered most sensitive to visual change include:  Major roads - Mallee Highway - Dukes Highway - Princes Highway  Parks and Reserves - Poonthie Ruwe Conservation Park - Mowantjie Willauwar Conservation Park - River Murray  Townships - Tailem Bend - Jervois  Tourist sites - River Murray - Tailem Bend Motorsport Park  Residential dwellings

An analysis of visual change at ten viewpoints was undertaken to provide a representative assessment of visual alterations from publically accessible locations across the study area. The findings of this viewpoint analysis are presented in Table 6-1.

Table 6-1 Viewpoint Analysis Summary

Viewpoint Visual Change

Viewpoint 1: Intersection of Low: although this viewpoint is highly frequented, it provides only intermittent views toward the Project, Mallee Highway and Lime Kiln largely restricted by intervening topography and vegetation. Views from this location are primarily Road experienced by passing vehicles, visible out the window when passing by at 100 km/hr. When visible, the Project will appear as a uniform, low profile element extending across the subject site; significantly less visually dominant than the large scale electricity infrastructure that is currently present. The presence of a numerous elements associated with electricity infrastructure (transmission lines and substations) moderates the degree of visual change to the existing landscape proposed by the Project.

Viewpoint 2: Dukes Highway, Low: although this viewpoint is highly frequented, it provides only intermittent views toward the Project, future entrance to Tailem Bend largely restricted by intervening vegetation and structures (both existing and proposed). Views from this Motorsport Park location are primarily experienced by passing vehicles, visible out the window when passing by at 100 km/hr. When visible, the Project will appear as a uniform, low profile element extending across the subject site. The ongoing redevelopment of the Tailem Bend Motorsport Park will further restrict views toward the Project. The presence of numerous elements associated with electricity infrastructure (transmission lines and substation) moderates the degree of visual change to the existing landscape proposed by the Project.

Viewpoint 3: Princes Highway Low: although this viewpoint is highly frequented, it provides only limited views toward the Project, largely restricted by intervening vegetation. Views from this location are primarily experienced by passing vehicles, visible out the window when passing by at 100 km/hr. When visible, the Project will

IW133300 43 Tailem Bend Solar Project Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment

Viewpoint Visual Change appear as a uniform, low profile element extending across the horizon; with clear views toward the Project restrict by the distance to the subject site. The presence of existing infrastructure (telecommunications, transmission lines and substations) moderates the degree of visual change to the existing landscape proposed by the Project.

Viewpoint 4: Kulde Road, near Negligible: the viewpoint provides only limited views toward the project, largely restricted by intervening intersection of Tailem Bend- topography. When visible, the Project will appear as a uniform, low profile element extending across the Paringa Railway eastern portion of the site. The viewpoint observes a modified agricultural landscape, and is not identified as an area of scenic importance. The presence of existing infrastructure (transmission line) moderates the degree of visual change to the existing landscape proposed by the Project.

Viewpoint 5: Dukes Highway, Low: although this viewpoint is highly frequented, it provides only intermittent views toward the Project, entrance to Tailem Bend largely restricted by intervening vegetation and structures. Views from this location are primarily Industrial Park experienced by passing vehicles, visible out the window when passing by at 100 km/hr. Where visible, the Project will appear as a low profile element, extending above the ridgeline discernible in the middle distance. The presence of a numerous elements associated with electricity infrastructure (transmission lines and substation) moderates the degree of visual change to the existing landscape proposed by the Project.

Viewpoint 6: Dukes Highway Low to Medium: the Project will represent a prominent visual element, with no capacity to screen views (Adelaide-Melbourne Railway from this elevated location. The viewpoint is in a highly exposed location on the Dukes Highway, and overpass) the degree of visual change will be experienced by passing motorists. Despite this, the subject site is not recognised for its scenic amenity, is highly disturbed by the existing quarry, substation and transmission lines, is clear of vegetation and is therefore not considered to be sensitive to change. As such, construction and operation of the Project is not expected to significantly alter the landscape or visual amenity from this location, nor represent a significant detrimental change to existing landscape quality.

Viewpoint 7: Jervois Township Nil: intervening topography and vegetation restricts views of the subject site from this viewpoint.

Viewpoint 8: Lime Kiln Road Low: although the Project will represent a prominent visual element, the viewpoint is not located in an intersection of Substation Road area considered sensitive to visual change, nor is it highly frequented. The subject site and surrounding landscape visible from this viewpoint is not recognised for its scenic amenity, and is highly disturbed by agricultural activity, the existing substation and transmission lines. The Project does not incorporate significant vertical elements, and will appear as a low profile, contiguous element, extending across the subject site. As such, construction and operation of the Project is not expected to significantly alter the landscape or visual amenity from this location, nor represent a significant detrimental change to existing landscape quality. The presence of existing infrastructure (transmission lines and substation) moderates the degree of visual change to the existing landscape proposed by the Project.

Viewpoint 9: Lime Kiln Road Negligible: the viewpoint provides only limited views toward the project, largely restricted by intervening (edge of Tailem Bend vegetation. When visible, the Project will appear as a uniform, low profile element extending across the township) horizon. The viewpoint observes a highly modified agricultural landscape, and is not identified as an area of scenic importance. The presence of existing infrastructure (transmission line) moderates the degree of visual change to the existing landscape proposed by the Project.

Viewpoint 10: Magpie Road Low: the majority of the Project will be screened from view at this location. A small portion of the overall project will be visible immediately adjacent to Substation Road, and will extend across the subject site as a low profile contiguous element. The visual change of the Project is moderated by the number of large vertical elements observable at this viewpoint, including the railway crossing, distribution lines, transmission lines and substation.

Overall, the project is not anticipated to significantly alter landscape or visual amenity within the study area. Intervening topography and vegetation will largely screen views of the Project from key receptors and highly exposed locations (i.e. areas that are highly frequented). The subject site is highly disturbed by existing and historical land uses, including an operational quarry, electricity substation, numerous transmission lines and agricultural activity. As such, the subject site is not recognised for its scenic amenity.

IW133300 44 Tailem Bend Solar Project Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment

Where visible, the Project will appear as a low profile, contiguous element extending across the subject site, and is not expected to be visually dominant. A range of management strategies have been identified to further mitigate the visual impact of the Project.

Views of the Project from the Dukes Highway railway overpass and the Jervois, and Tailem Bend townships were identified as locations where the degree of visual change may be the greatest.

The Zone of Theoretical Visual Influence (ZTVI) identified that views of the Project from Tailem Bend and Jervois are largely screened from view by intervening topography. Further analysis indicated that existing vegetation will almost completely screen the Project from view at these locations. Sporadic views of the Project will be available through breaks in the topography and vegetation, however as Tailem Bend and Jervois are more than 1 km from the subject site, it is anticipated that the low profile nature of structures associated with the Project will readily blend into the horizon and will not represent a dominant visual element within the landscape.

Due to the elevated nature of the Dukes Highway railway overpass, there will be unrestricted views of the Project for passing motorists. The Project will represent a prominent visual element from this location, with no capacity to screen views due to the height of the overpass. However, as previously outlined the subject site is not recognised for its scenic amenity, is highly disturbed by the existing quarry, substation and transmission lines, and is clear of vegetation. As such, construction and operation of the Project is not expected to significantly alter visual amenity, or the quality of the landscape from this location. No impacts associated with glare from the panels are expected at this location, as the panels are orientated to face north, with the rear of the panels visible from the Highway.

When visible from Tailem Bend, Jervois, and the Dukes Highway railway overpass, visual change will be further moderated by the presence of existing infrastructure (telecommunications, transmission lines and substation) visible in the study area, as well as the subject site.

Overall, the Project is not anticipated to be a significant visual element in the study area. It has been determined that the Project is largely screened from view by intervening topography, vegetation and / or structures when viewed from the identified key receptors. Views of the project are typically restricted to passing motorists, and nearby residential dwellings. The implementation of the identified management measures will further reduce the degree of visual change associated with the Project.

IW133300 45 Tailem Bend Solar Project Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment

7. References

ABS 2006. 2006 Census QuickStats: Jervois. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Online, accessed 31/10/2016. URL:http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct/census/2006/quickstat/SSC43826?opendo cument&navpos=220

ABS 2011. 2011 Census QuickStats: Tailem Bend. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Online, accessed 31/10/2016. URL:http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct/census/2011/quickstat/SSC40706?opendo cument&navpos=220

Department for Environment and Heritage and Aboriginal Affairs 2008. Mowantjie Willauwar and Poonthie Ruwe Conservation Parks. Government of South Australia.

Department for Planning and Infrastructure 2007. Visual Landscape Planning in Western Australia. West Australian Planning Commission, State of Western Australia.

Department of Planning, Transport and Infrastructure, 2015. Traffic Volumes. Online, accessed 10/03/2016. URL: http://www.dpti.sa.gov.au/traffic_volumes

Landscape Institute & I.E.M.A 2013. Guidelines for Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment. Third edition, Routledge.

Lothian 2000. Landscape Quality Assessment of South Australia. Department of Geographical & Environmental Studies, University of Adelaide.

Lothian 2007. South Australian River Murray Landscape Assessment Project. Scenic Solutions. Report for the Department of Water, Land and Biodiversity Conservation and the South Australian Murray Darling Basin Natural Resources Management Board.

IW133300 46 Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

Appendix F. Preliminary Traffic Management Plan

IW133300

Tailem Bend Solar Project Equis Australia

Preliminary Traffic Management Plan

V0 22 December 2016

Traffic M anag ement Plan Snowy H ydr o

Preliminary Traffic Management Plan – Tailem Bend Solar Project

Tailem Bend Solar Project

Project No: IW133300 Document Title: Preliminary Traffic Management Plan Revision: V0 Date: 22 December 2016 Client Name: Equis Australia Project Manager: Lara Daddow Author: Chris Gosling

Jacobs Group (Australia) Pty Limited ABN 37 001 024 095 Level 6, 30 Flinders Street Adelaide SA 5000 Australia T +61 8 8113 5400 F +61 8 8113 5440 www.jacobs.com

Document history and status

Revision Date Description By Review Approved

C 16/11/16 Draft for internal review CG JH LD

D 18/11/16 Draft for Equis review CG LD LD

E 30/11/16 Updates based on Equis comments CG LD LD

F 7/12/16 Updates based on Equis comments CG LD LD

G 16/12/16 Minor updates CG LD LD

0 22/12/16 Final CG LD LD

i Preliminary Traffic Management Plan – Tailem Bend Solar Project

Contents 1. Introduction ...... 2 1.1 Scope of Work ...... 2 1.2 References ...... 3 2. Traffic Conditions ...... 5 2.1 Existing Traffic Volumes ...... 5 2.1.1 Heavy Vehicle Routes ...... 5 2.2 Construction Vehicle Requirements ...... 5 2.2.1 Light Vehicles ...... 5 2.2.2 Oversize Vehicles ...... 6 2.2.3 Heavy Construction Vehicles ...... 6 2.2.4 Estimated Construction Traffic Volumes ...... 6 2.3 Operational Vehicle Requirements ...... 7 2.3.1 Vehicle Types ...... 7 2.3.2 Estimated Operational Traffic Volumes ...... 7 3. Access Routes ...... 8 3.1 Mallee Highway Access (Primary) ...... 10 3.2 Dukes Highway Access (Secondary) ...... 11 4. Traffic Management ...... 14 4.1 DPTI / Council Involvement ...... 14 4.2 Traffic Requirements ...... 14 4.2.1 Driving...... 14 4.2.2 Site Access – Construction ...... 14 4.2.3 Weather ...... 15 4.2.4 Speed ...... 15 4.2.5 Communication ...... 15 4.2.6 Way-finding Signage ...... 15 4.2.7 Road Delineation ...... 15 4.2.8 Overhead Utilities ...... 15 4.2.9 Dust Suppression ...... 16 4.2.10 Railway Crossings ...... 16 4.3 Infrastructure Maintenance ...... 16 5. Road Maintenance Intervention Levels ...... 17 References ...... 19

ii Preliminary Traffic Management Plan – Tailem Bend Solar Project

Important note about your report

The sole purpose of this report and the associated services performed by Jacobs Group (Australia) Pty Ltd (Jacobs) is to prepare a preliminary traffic management plan for Equis Australia (here after referred to as Equis) in accordance with the scope of services set out in the contract between Jacobs and Equis. That scope of services, as described in this report, was developed with Equis.

Jacobs derived the data in this report from information sourced from Equis (if any) and/or available in the public domain at the time or times outlined in this report. The passage of time, manifestation of latent conditions or impacts of future events may require further examination of the project and subsequent data analysis, and re- evaluation of the data, findings, observations and conclusions expressed in this report. Jacobs has prepared this report in accordance with the usual care and thoroughness of the consulting profession, for the sole purpose described above and by reference to applicable standards, guidelines, procedures and practices at the date of issue of this report. For the reasons outlined above, however, no other warranty or guarantee, whether expressed or implied, is made as to the data, observations and findings expressed in this report, to the extent permitted by law.

This report should be read in full and no excerpts are to be taken as representative of the findings. No responsibility is accepted by Jacobs for use of any part of this report in any other context.

IW133300 1 Preliminary Traffic Management Plan – Tailem Bend Solar Project

1. Introduction

This Preliminary Traffic Management Plan has been prepared by Jacobs on behalf of Equis Australia Pty Ltd (Equis) to inform and support a development application for a proposed solar power station at Tailem Bend.

Equis intends to develop the Tailem Bend Solar Project (TBSP) south-east of Tailem Bend. The TBSP is proposed to be developed on a property (the subject site) commonly known as 261 Lime Kiln Road, Tailem Bend (CT5195/427), and accessed from Substation Road. The subject site is bound by:  Substation Road to the north.  Lime Kiln Road to the south and west.  Private property to the east. The TBSP is proposed to be developed by Equis Australia (Equis) and will be co-located with Snowy Hydro’s proposed diesel fired ‘peaking’ generating facility. The TBSP will have a capacity of up to 110 MW and will include solar panels, invertor stations, provision for a future battery storage facility, a control room and site office, access tracks for maintenance vehicles, compound areas and connection into the facility substation. The solar panels will be fixed mounted.

Equis will own and operate the TBSP and will install metering within the facility substation to measure the electricity output from the solar plant.

The Mallee Highway runs east-west, approximately 200 m south of the nearest point of the subject site. The Dukes Highway runs north-south and is also approximately 200 m west of the nearest point of the subject site. An overview of the local road network is presented in Figure 1-1.

The aim of this Preliminary Traffic Management Plan (TMP) is to:  Manage the safety of all road users associated with the TBSP.  Minimise the risk of damage to road infrastructure during construction of the TBSP.  Identify likely construction vehicle access arrangements.  Identify likely vehicle access arrangements during operations.  Address the potential concerns of residents utilising vehicle access routes.

This plan identifies traffic management measures and strategies proposed to address traffic safety and access issues inherent with using oversized vehicles and general daily construction and operational traffic.

1.1 Scope of Work

The routes within this TMP include traffic management for roads under the care and maintenance of both the Department of Planning Transport and Infrastructure (DPTI) and Coorong District Council (Council). The internal roads and access tracks within the subject site are not addressed in this TMP.

This report contains the following:  A consolidated TMP for access routes to the subject site for heavy and oversized construction traffic and light vehicles.  Construction vehicle access routes.  General measures to minimise impacts associated with traffic movements during construction.  Maintenance and inspection strategies to minimise impacts to existing road conditions.

IW133300 2 Preliminary Traffic Management Plan – Tailem Bend Solar Project

This TMP does not identify infrastructure upgrades required to facilitate vehicular access to the subject site. It is anticipated that any infrastructure upgrades will be determined by Equis (or its contractor) prior to construction in conjunction with DPTI and Council.

1.2 References

The following documents and standards have been used in the development of this TMP:  Traffic Volumes (DPTI 2015).  AS1742 – Manual of uniform traffic control devices.  Austroads guide to road design (Austroads 2009).  RAVnet – South Australian Heavy Vehicle Access Network.  DPTI Restricted Vehicle Access Framework (DTEI 2011).  DPTI Code of Practice for the Transport of Oversize and Overmass Indivisible Loads and Vehicles (DTEI 2008).  The Coorong District Council Development Plan – General Section, Transportation and Access.

IW133300 3 Preliminary Traffic Management Plan – Tailem Bend Solar Project

Figure 1-1: Local Road Network

IW133300 4 Preliminary Traffic Management Plan – Tailem Bend Solar Project

2. Traffic Conditions

2.1 Existing Traffic Volumes

Traffic counts are available for the DPTI roads in the area and are presented in Table 2-1.

Table 2-1 DPTI Road Traffic Volumes

Road Section AADT1 Estimate Commercial Vehicles

Dukes Highway (Mallee Highway to Princes Highway) 5000 1500 (30%)

Dukes Highway (McIntosh Way to Mallee Highway 4200 1500 (35.5%)

Princes Highway (Dukes Highway to South Eastern Freeway) 8000 1650 (20.5%)

Princes Highway (Dukes Highway to Langhorne Creek Road 1900 280 (14.5%)

Mallee Highway (Old Dukes Highway to Dukes Highway) 950 230 (24%)

1Average Annual Daily Traffic

2.1.1 Heavy Vehicle Routes

Mallee Highway, Dukes Highway and Princes Highway are all gazetted heavy vehicle routes (DPTI, 2016). A summary of the vehicle types gazetted on each of these roads is presented in Table 2-2.

Table 2-2 Gazetted Heavy Vehicle Routes

Vehicle Type Mallee Highway Dukes Highway Princes Highway

26m B Double   

23m Vehicle Carrier   

25m Vehicle Carrier -  

Rigid Truck and Dog (23m)   

25m, 59.5t Low Loader   

6 Axle Crane (Day Travel)   

PBS Level 2A Vehicles   

2.2 Construction Vehicle Requirements

The types of vehicles that will be used during construction are described in the following sections. These comprise light vehicles, heavy construction vehicles and oversized vehicles. A construction traffic estimate for the TBSP is provided in Section 2.2.4.

During construction, adequate temporary parking shall be provided adjacent to the construction site office. Once operational, car parking spaces are provided for operational and maintenance staff. No parking on DPTI or Council roads will be required as there is sufficient space within the subject site for construction vehicle parking and marshalling.

2.2.1 Light Vehicles

Light vehicles will be used daily to transport personnel and equipment to the subject site. Light vehicles will have a minimal impact on the roads compared to the heavy construction traffic. As such it is proposed that this type of vehicle can use a greater selection of roads / access routes compared to heavy vehicles.

IW133300 5 Preliminary Traffic Management Plan – Tailem Bend Solar Project

Light vehicles will travel along the designated heavy vehicle routes, where practical to minimise the disruption on other roads. When travelling from the subject site to the Tailem Bend township, light vehicles will travel on the available public roads, primarily Lime Kiln Road.

2.2.2 Oversize Vehicles

Oversized and overmass vehicles (vehicles exceeding the mass and dimension limits for general access vehicles (DTEI 2006)) will be used to transport the major components of the TBSP including the inverters and transformers. All contractors that use oversized vehicles shall consult with, and obtain a permit from the DPTI Safety and Regulation Division prior to the commencement of transportation and will provide escort vehicles in accordance with legal and DPTI requirements.

Any oversized and overmass vehicles shall abide by the DPTI Code of Practice for the Transport of Oversize and overmass Indivisible Loads and Vehicles (DTEI 2008) and have appropriate permits (DPTI Vehicle Permits Team).

2.2.3 Heavy Construction Vehicles

Heavy construction vehicles (Vehicles exceeding 4.50 tonnes Gross Vehicle Mass (DTEI 2006)) that will travel on the transport routes include:  Earth moving equipment.  Trucks to deliver materials such as cabling, building materials, electrical equipment, etc.  Trucks delivering aggregate, sand, cement and water.

Heavy construction vehicles that use public roads (DPTI or Council) need to be road registered otherwise they shall be required to be transported using an appropriate road registered transporter (i.e. by low loader).

2.2.4 Estimated Construction Traffic Volumes

A high level estimate of material quantities and number of loads to be transported to the subject site has been completed by Equis. While total material volumes will be large, given the scale of the site, it is considered unlikely that daily or peak hourly volumes of generated traffic will exceed any relevant traffic capacity thresholds. The primary impacts of the TBSP will be on pavement wear and road condition.

A summary of the estimated number of vehicle movements that are expected to take place during the construction period is shown in Table 2-3. The estimated construction traffic volumes presented below are for a solar project with a capacity of up to 110 MW, to be constructed over a 14-month period (260 construction days).

It should be noted that depending on the construction methodology of the contractor, and later detailed design, construction traffic volumes may vary from the estimates.

Table 2-3 Estimated Construction Traffic

Vehicle Movements (Total Average Daily Movements Vehicle Type Construction Period1) (Total Construction Period1)

Material Delivery Modules 708 -

Posts 80 -

Tilts 22 -

Tables 217 -

Electrical / Cable 107 -

Inverters 46 -

E-building 4 -

IW133300 6 Preliminary Traffic Management Plan – Tailem Bend Solar Project

Vehicle Movements (Total Average Daily Movements Vehicle Type Construction Period1) (Total Construction Period1)

DC Combiner Box 2 -

CCTV 2 -

Construction Vehicles Cranes and / or Earth Moving Equipment 379 -

TOTAL Heavy Vehicles1 1567 5

Light Vehicles Personal vehicles and private transport 10,052 -

TOTAL Light Vehicles1 10,052 34

TOTAL Vehicles1 11,619 39 1This number represents the vehicles travelling to the subject site; therefore, the total number of trips generated (in/out of the subject site) will be double what is shown in the table.

2.3 Operational Vehicle Requirements

2.3.1 Vehicle Types

The types of vehicles that will be used during TBSP operation comprise light vehicles for staff and periodic maintenance. From the Substation Road access, a compacted hardstand area will be used for vehicle parking. As such, no parking or areas for marshalling on DPTI or Council roads will be required during operations.

2.3.2 Estimated Operational Traffic Volumes

The TBSP is designed to operate with minimal workforce requirements. Staffing on site will typically be up to 3 to 5 persons, who will perform routine maintenance and repairs. Staff presence will generally be between the hours of 9am to 5pm Monday to Friday, and on occasions when required outside of those times. Staff will not be required to be on site during all periods of operation. It is anticipated that the panels will be cleaned on a minimal basis, as required depending on the soiling conditions of the panels and the annual rainfall. Consequently, once operational the traffic generated by that part of the proposed development will be negligible.

IW133300 7 Preliminary Traffic Management Plan – Tailem Bend Solar Project

3. Access Routes

As previously highlighted, oversized and overmass vehicles may be used to transport the major components of the TBSP including the inverters and transformers. These major components are most likely to be sourced from Adelaide and are anticipated to access the site from the Dukes Highway or the Mallee Highway. The majority of construction traffic (i.e. light vehicles and trucks) are anticipated to access the site from Murray Bridge or Adelaide.

The TMP route map depicts access arrangements for construction traffic accessing the subject site from the Mallee Highway (Mallee Highway Access) and is shown in Figure 3-1. The figure also shows a secondary access off Dukes Highway that may be utilised by vehicles less than 11 m in length. The Mallee Highway Access is proposed to be the principal point of access to the subject site, with the Dukes Highway Access identified as an alternative route if / when required. The access routes have been selected to minimise construction traffic passing through the Tailem Bend town centre. The selected access routes are capable of handling the construction vehicles (e.g. length, mass, turning circles) and are also clear of vegetation or overhead constraints.

The two access routes have been inspected and their condition is documented in the following sections. A route assessment will be carried out of both routes prior to construction when the dimensions of the largest delivery vehicle are known.

Light vehicles may access Tailem Bend via alternate routes for day to day access to additional services within the township (e.g. food and beverage, or minor service providers).

IW133300 8 Preliminary Traffic Management Plan – Tailem Bend Solar Project

Figure 3-1: Site Access/ Construction Route

IW133300 9 Preliminary Traffic Management Plan – Tailem Bend Solar Project

3.1 Mallee Highway Access (Primary)

Construction traffic accessing the site from Murray Bridge / Adelaide would access the Mallee Highway from the Dukes Highway, south of Tailem Bend. From the Mallee Highway, traffic will turn left onto Lime Kiln Road. Access to the subject site will be via an access point off Substation Road, or Lime Kiln Road. A summary of the roads proposed to be utilised by the TBSP for access from Mallee Highway are presented in Table 3-1 and Figure 3-1.

Table 3-1 Summary of /Mallee Highway Access Route

Name Description Photo

Mallee Highway Major highway providing accessibility between Adelaide and Sydney. At the intersection with Lime Kiln Road, it consists of a sealed single carriageway, with one lane in each direction. A sealed apron is present on the northern side of the Highway for access to/from Lime Kiln Road. Clear line of sight in both directions and no identified overhead or vegetation constraints relevant to vehicle movements on access route.

Lime Kiln Road Sealed single carriageway, with one lane in each direction. An uncontrolled railway crossing is located adjacent to the access of the existing quarry (refer adjacent photo). A single slip lane is present at the intersection with Substation Road. No identified overhead or vegetation constraints relevant to vehicle movements on access route.

Lime Kiln Road Proposed access point from Lime Kiln Road. Access Point to Currently utilised as access for on-site the TBSP – quarry. Quarry access point

IW133300 10 Preliminary Traffic Management Plan – Tailem Bend Solar Project

Name Description Photo

Lime Kiln Road, Proposed access point from Lime Kiln Road. Access Point to Currently utilised for access to Subject Site the TBSP – for light vehicle traffic. South-eastern An uncontrolled railway crossing is located access point directly adjacent to the access point. Crossing signage may need to be relocated to facilitate access for larger vehicles.

Substation Road Unsealed local road. Sealed apron at intersection with Lime Kiln Road (refer photo). No identified overhead or vegetation constraints relevant to vehicle movements on access route.

Substation Road Proposed access point from Substation Road Access Point to (approximate location). the TBSP

3.2 Dukes Highway Access (Secondary)

Traffic accessing the subject site from Murray Bridge / Adelaide could utilise a secondary access from the Princes Highway to the Dukes Highway and the following roads to access the subject site:  Dukes Highway.  Toscani Road.

IW133300 11 Preliminary Traffic Management Plan – Tailem Bend Solar Project

 Big Olive Grove.  Golf Course Road.  Magpie Road.  Substation Road.

Access to Magpie Road is restricted to vehicles under 11 m. As such, any vehicles over this length approaching from the Dukes Highway will continue to the Mallee Highway and access the site via the Mallee Highway access route.

A summary of the roads proposed to be utilised by the TBSP for access from Dukes Highway are presented in Table 3-2 and Figure 3-1.

Table 3-2 Summary of Secondary Access Route off Dukes Highway

Name Description Photo

Dukes Highway Major highway providing accessibility between Adelaide and Melbourne. At the intersection with Tuscany Road, it consists of a sealed carriageway, with one lane in each direction, and slip-lanes for traffic accessing the industrial trade park from both directions. Clear line of sight in both directions and no identified overhead or vegetation constraints relevant to vehicle movements on access route.

Tuscany Road / Sealed single carriageway, with one lane in Big Olive Grove each direction. Roads form part of the / Golf Course Tailem Bend Agri-Industrial Trade Park. Road No identified overhead or vegetation constraints relevant to vehicle movements on access route.

Magpie Road Sealed single carriageway, with one lane in each direction. No identified overhead or vegetation constraints relevant to vehicle movements on access route. Access is restricted to vehicles under 11m length.

IW133300 12 Preliminary Traffic Management Plan – Tailem Bend Solar Project

Name Description Photo

Substation Road Unsealed local road. Sealed apron at intersection with Lime Kiln Road (refer photo). No identified overhead or vegetation constraints relevant to vehicle movements on access route.

IW133300 13 Preliminary Traffic Management Plan – Tailem Bend Solar Project

4. Traffic Management

This section sets out the traffic management for both construction and operational traffic.

4.1 DPTI / Council Involvement

Regular communications shall be held prior to the commencement of construction until the conclusion of construction, between representatives of DPTI, Council and Equis (or contractor).

This communication shall include the following traffic management and maintenance items:  Permitting requirements (if applicable).  Planned DPTI / Council maintenance activities.  Road signage and safety including ‘way-finding’ signs and temporary speed restrictions.  Delivery schedule for oversize and overmass items.  Any other particular issues that may arise during construction.

4.2 Traffic Requirements

The requirements detailed within this TMP and in particular this section will form an important part of the site induction for all personnel working at the subject site to ensure that important safety information, and any regulatory or permitting requirements, are communicated and strictly adhered to.

4.2.1 Driving

Driving to the existing road conditions shall apply at all times and vehicles shall be followed at a safe distance in accordance with Australian Road Rules and guidelines.

Overtaking is not encouraged on the transportation routes for construction vehicles. If a driver is in a situation where they are required to overtake a vehicle then it is the driver’s responsibility to ensure it is safe to do so and will not put any passengers, drivers or other road users at risk. Caution shall be used when operating around school buses (if applicable) and stationary vehicles. Prior to the commencement of construction, Equis (or contractor) will contact Link SA and/or the local schools to determine the current routes utilised by school buses, and schedule peak vehicle movements to avoid conflict where practicable.

Exhaust brakes, or air brakes shall not be utilised by oversized or overmass vehicles on local roads within the proposed access routes (i.e. the Council owned roads).

Drivers on the site shall be fit for work and abide by their licensing requirements and any additional requirements provided at the site induction.

Any vehicle accident or collision, including collisions with animals, involving construction shall be reported to Equis as well as to the police in accordance with the road rules.

4.2.2 Site Access – Construction

Oversized and overmass vehicle access to the subject site will only occur via the nominated access routes.

Construction activities and deliveries to the subject site are expected to occur in daylight hours, typically between 7 a.m. and 7 p.m.

IW133300 14 Preliminary Traffic Management Plan – Tailem Bend Solar Project

4.2.3 Weather

Adverse weather conditions can affect the condition of unsealed roads; this could include storms, prolonged wet weather conditions and strong winds. Equis shall inspect the road condition of unsealed roads following adverse weather events. Any issues shall be reported to Council and a log of occurrences shall be maintained including photos and any remediation.

In consultation with the Council, Equis will either restrict construction movements or recommend that the road be closed if unsafe road conditions result due to severe weather conditions.

4.2.4 Speed

Through site inductions, all personnel shall be made aware that the posted speed limit is the maximum speed for safe driving in ideal circumstances. This speed should be adjusted where conditions dictate. The safe operating speeds for oversized and over mass vehicles should be adhered to at all times as dictated by the vehicle type operating manual.

During times of increased heavy and oversized vehicle movements, discussion will take place between Equis, DPTI and Council during the regular communications to determine whether any temporary speed restrictions should be implemented.

4.2.5 Communication

Equis and all contractors shall ensure that clear communication protocols are in place for communication between drivers (heavy and light vehicles). This protocol shall be described as part of the site induction.

Equis and their contractors shall communicate any proposed changes to traffic management practices to DPTI and/or Council at the regular meetings.

4.2.6 Way-finding Signage

Signage shall be provided where necessary to direct construction traffic along the approved transport routes to access the subject site entry. The specific location of any way-finding signage will be determined prior to construction in accordance with safety and regulatory requirements. Locations of the signage are to be provided by Equis or contractor and discussed with DPTI and Council if any changes occur. These temporary ‘way- finding’ signs shall be installed in accordance with AS1742.

4.2.7 Road Delineation

Guide posts are used to delineate the edge of the road formation, particularly where horizontal and vertical curves are present. No new guideposts are proposed to be installed as part of this Traffic Management Plan.

4.2.8 Overhead Utilities

Although no overhead constraints have been identified, a follow up survey of overhead services will be undertaken prior to the first movements of oversized vehicles. The operators of oversized vehicles shall survey the routes to be used and obtain relevant clearances from the local utility companies where required, including (but not limited to):  SA Power Networks.  ElectraNet.  Optus.  Telstra.

IW133300 15 Preliminary Traffic Management Plan – Tailem Bend Solar Project

4.2.9 Dust Suppression

Dust suppression shall be applied to unsealed roads where considered necessary (i.e. during an increase in construction vehicle numbers or after a prolonged period with no rain). This may be done using water, or an appropriate dust suppressant subject to the site specific nature of the road surface. In some cases, a reduction in speed may also be an appropriate dust control measure.

4.2.10 Railway Crossings

Construction traffic will be required to cross the Tailem Bend - Pinaroo railway line on Lime Kiln Road. This crossing is close to the existing quarry access point. In addition, the railway line will need to be crossed to access the subject site via the south-eastern access point from Lime Kiln Road. Both railway crossings are passive, and controlled only with signage. The railway line is operated by Genesee and Wyoming Australia Pty Ltd. At the south-eastern Lime Kiln Road access point, warning signage may need to be relocated to facilitate vehicle access. Signage relocation or any other remedial works will be undertaken prior to the use of the crossing, and after consultation with the asset owner (Genesee and Wyoming and / or Coorong District Council).

Equis will engage with Genesee and Wyoming prior to the commencement of construction to determine the train movement schedule. Regular consultation with Genesee and Wyoming will be undertaken to identify any unscheduled train movements. Construction works requiring access over the railway line will be scheduled to avoid conflict with train operations. As unscheduled train movements are still possible, the use of this rail crossing is considered a key risk and will be communicated to all staff and contractors using the site during the induction process.

4.3 Infrastructure Maintenance

Equis acknowledges that there will be wear and tear on the approved access routes due to construction traffic associated with the TBSP. This impact will be managed through the use of pre and post construction condition audits.

At the completion of the construction period Equis propose to reasonably rehabilitate the Coorong Council roads that are used by Project vehicles within the primary access route (i.e. Lime Kiln Road and Substation Road) to a condition no less than prior to the commencement of works. This level is to be agreed between Equis and Council prior to the beginning of the construction works.

Council should acknowledge that whilst construction traffic may be adding to the deterioration of roads, Equis cannot be held responsible for all damage as the roads are also used by heavy vehicles and other non-TBSP related traffic.

To support this process, an audit of road conditions along the nominated access routes will be undertaken prior to the commencement of construction. The condition audit will occur following the completion of any road upgrades (if required). A post construction condition audit will be undertaken to determine any remedial action required to repair roads within the nominated access route degraded as a result of TBSP-related construction traffic.

When work is being undertaken on the council roads, traffic management signage should be in place according to AS1742.3.

A level of inspections on the condition of the access routes is outlined in Section 5, along with maintenance intervention levels.

IW133300 16 Preliminary Traffic Management Plan – Tailem Bend Solar Project

5. Road Maintenance Intervention Levels

The maintenance intervention levels and maintenance requirements for the TBSP are shown in Table 5-1. The level of inspection proposed for the transport route is shown in Table 5-2. Any changes to these levels shall be agreed to between Equis, DPTI and Council during the regular communications.

Table 5-1 : TBSP Road Maintenance Intervention Levels

Defect Intervention Level Maintenance Repair Timeline Item No. Requirement

1.0 Signs and Delineation

Dirty signage (sign to be clearly legible ‘Way-finding’ signage to Clean signs 1 week 1.1 from 150m at night with be visible and legible. low beams)

Missing or damaged signs Repair or replace signs 1 week

Damaged guideposts Delineation as necessary 1.2 where damage is due to Replace/fix guideposts 2 weeks to enhance safety. construction traffic

2.0 Unsealed Road Pavement

The application of gravel or crushed rock to the Wheel ruts at a depth of wearing surface to 2 weeks 80mm strengthen and reshape 2.1 Wheel rutting the surface and/or; Light formation grading

Wheel ruts at a depth of Gravel/material supply – 2 weeks 150mm heavy formation grading

The application of gravel Potholes to a depth of or crushed rock to the 2.2 Potholes 80mm or greater than wearing surface to 2 weeks 300mm diameter strengthen and reshape the surface

General pavement defects Light formation grading or; (Windrows or materials, Safe travelling speed is Remove and replace scour channels, 2.3 reduced to ≤ 80% of the formation material or; 2 weeks corrugation, course posted speed Formation resheeting (50 surface material, loose to 100mm depth) material)

3.0 Sealed Road Pavement

Loose material (i.e. road base from unsealed Removal of loose material 3.1 Loose Material 1 week roads) deposited onto from sealed roads. sealed sections of road

IW133300 17 Preliminary Traffic Management Plan – Tailem Bend Solar Project

Table 5-2 : Levels of Inspection

Type of Inspection Level of Inspection

Inspections Passive inspection by site personnel, with any issues being reported to the site superintendent -daily

During/After heavy rain event Inspecting the road condition to see if:  Work is required (i.e. intervention level) or;  A temporary closure or speed restriction should be recommended to the Council

Prior to oversized loads General road condition inspection including clearances and sight distances (may be incorporated in weekly inspection)

Final inspection & handover to Council Overall inspection at the completion of the construction period to agree the final level of remediation of the route with a Council representative

IW133300 18 Preliminary Traffic Management Plan – Tailem Bend Solar Project

References

Austroads 2009. Guide to Road Design. Published 21 December 2009. URL: https://www.onlinepublications.austroads.com.au/items/AGRD

Department of Planning, Transport and Infrastructure, 2015. Traffic Volumes. Online, accessed 18/11/2016. URL: http://www.dpti.sa.gov.au/traffic_volumes

Department of Planning, Transport and Infrastructure, 2016. RAVnet. Online, accessed 15/03/2016. URL: http://www.dpti.sa.gov.au/ravnet

Department of Transport, Energy and Infrastructure (now DPTI), 2006. Mass and Dimension Limits for General Access Heavy Vehicles Operating in South Australia. Online, accessed 26/04/2016. URL: https://www.sa.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/17956/mass_dimension.pdf

Department of Transport, Energy and Infrastructure (now DPTI), 2008. Code of Practice for the Transport of Indivisible Items in South Australia. Online, accessed 10/03/2016. URL: https://www.sa.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0018/73611/Code-of-Practice-for-Indivisible-Items.pdf

Department of Transport, Energy and Infrastructure (now DPTI), 2011. Heavy Vehicle Access Framework. Online, accessed 10/03/2016. URL: https://www.sa.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/44356/Heavy_Vehicle_Access_Framework_- _Revised_October_2011.pdf

IW133300 19 Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

Appendix G. Vegetation Assessment

IW133300

Tailem Bend Solar Project Equis Australia

Vegetation Assessment Report

Version D 22 December 2016

V egetati on Cle ara nce E xe mpti on Re por t S nowy Hydr o

Document history and status

Revision Date Description By Review Approved

B 02/11/2016 Draft Report for Equis review R. Barratt N. Bull L.Daddow

C 19/12/2016 Final report R. Barratt L. Daddow L.Daddow

D 22/12/2016 Minor amendments to final R. Barratt L. Daddow L.Daddow

Distribution of copies

Revision Issue approved Date issued Issued to Comments

B 02/11/2016 2/11/16 Duncan Mortimer Draft for review

C 19//12/2016 21/12/2016 Duncan Mortimer Final

D 22/12/2016 22/12/2016 Duncan Mortimer Final version 2

Vegetation Assessment Report

Tailem Bend Solar Project

Project No: IW133300 Document Title: Vegetation Assessment Report Revision: D Date: 22 December 2016 Client Name: Equis Australia Project Manager: Lara Daddow Author: Rick Barratt

Jacobs Group (Australia) Pty Limited ABN 37 001 024 095 Level 6, 30 Flinders Street Adelaide SA 5000 Australia T +61 8 8113 5400 F +61 8 8113 5440 www.jacobs.com

Limitation: This report has been prepared on behalf of, and for the exclusive use of Equis Australia, and is subject to, and issued in accordance with, the provisions of the contract between Jacobs and the Client. Jacobs accepts no liability or responsibility whatsoever for, or in respect of, any use of, or reliance upon, this report by any third party.

i Vegetation Assessment Report

Contents 1. Introduction ...... 2 2. Methodology...... 4 3. Results...... 5 3.1 Cleared Land ...... 5 3.2 Scattered Native Trees...... 5 3.3 Roadside Native Vegetation ...... 6 3.4 Planted Native Vegetation ...... 8 3.5 Planted (or Self-Sewn) Exotic Trees ...... 10 4. Discussion ...... 11 4.1 Threatened Species ...... 11 4.2 Clearance of Native Vegetation ...... 11 5. Summary and Recommendations ...... 13 5.1 Summary ...... 13 5.2 Recommendations ...... 13

Appendix A. Scattered Tree Photographs

ii Vegetation Assessment Report

Important note about your report

The sole purpose of this report and the associated services performed by Jacobs was to provide details regarding vegetation present and clearance required for the proposed solar project at Tailem Bend, South Australia, in accordance with the scope of services set out in the contract between Jacobs and the client, Equis Australia. That scope of services, as described in this report, was developed by Jacobs.

In preparing this report, Jacobs has relied upon, and presumed accurate, any information (or confirmation of the absence thereof) provided by the Client and / or from other sources (e.g. DEWNR). Except as otherwise stated in the report, Jacobs has not attempted to verify the accuracy or completeness of any such information. If the information is subsequently determined to be false, inaccurate or incomplete then it is possible that our observations and conclusions as expressed in this report may change.

Jacobs derived the data in this report from information available in the public domain at the time or times outlined in this report. The passage of time, manifestation of latent conditions or impacts of future events may require further examination of the project and subsequent data analysis, and re-evaluation of the data, findings, observations and conclusions expressed in this report. Jacobs has prepared this report in accordance with the usual care and thoroughness of the consulting profession, for the sole purpose described above and by reference to applicable standards, guidelines, procedures and practices at the date of issue of this report. For the reasons outlined above, however, no other warranty or guarantee, whether expressed or implied, is made as to the data, observations and findings expressed in this report, to the extent permitted by law.

This report should be read in full and no excerpts are to be taken as representative of the findings. No responsibility is accepted by Jacobs for use of any part of this report in any other context.

This report has been prepared on behalf of, and for the exclusive use of, Equis Australia, and is subject to, and issued in accordance with, the provisions of the contract between Jacobs and Equis Australia. Jacobs accepts no liability or responsibility whatsoever for, or in respect of, any use of, or reliance upon, this report by any third party.

Vegetation Assessment Report

1. Introduction

The Tailem Bend Solar Project (TBSP) is proposed to be developed by Equis Australia (Equis) with a generation capacity of up to 110 MW and will be co-located with Snowy Hydro’s proposed diesel fired ‘peaking’ generating facility at Tailem Bend, South Australia. The diesel power station and the facility substation are being assessed under a separate development application. The TBSP is designed to be battery ready, creating a combined generation and storage facility project that prepares for the future electricity needs of South Australians.

The purpose of the study was to map and describe native and exotic vegetation present on or adjacent to the proposed construction footprint and discuss vegetation clearance requirements with respect to approval required under:

x Native Vegetation Act 1991 and Native Vegetation Act Regulations 2003 x Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act)

The project site is located 2 km south-east of Tailem Bend and 90 km south-east of Adelaide, in the Hundred of Seymour and is an irregularly shaped allotment of approximately 283.3 ha.

The project area is shown on Figure 1-1 below.

Vegetation Assessment Report

Figure 1-1 Tailem Bend Solar Array: Vegetation

Vegetation Assessment Report

2. Methodology

A Jacobs ecologist conducted a foot and vehicle vegetation survey of the project site and surrounds on 15 October 2016 in order to:

x Map and describe native vegetation on and adjacent to the project area, including descriptions of disturbance levels and condition x Identify any threatened species and/or ecosystems or important wildlife habitat present at the site x Review the vegetation communities present in relation to the Principles of Clearance (Schedule 1) and exemption 5(1)(d) of the Native Vegetation Act 1991 x Review ecological values present at the site in relation to the provisions of the EPBC Act.

The survey covered an area defined by the concept design construction footprint plus an additional buffer of approximately 20 m and included areas adjacent to the site where road works or fence construction may be required.

The vegetation survey was to gather information in order to map and describe native and exotic vegetation communities present within the project footprint. Areas where native vegetation may be cleared or impacted by the proposed works were a focus for the survey.

Vegetation Assessment Report

3. Results

The project area consists of several contiguous paddocks that have been historically extensively cleared and utilised for cropping and pasture. A hard rock quarry is located in the western portion of the project area. Existing electricity substations operated by ElectraNet and SA Power Networks are located adjoining Substation Road in the north east of the project area. Native vegetation within the survey area is restricted to patchy degraded low woodland communities found as narrow strips of roadside vegetation fringing Substation Road, along the northern boundary of the project footprint, and several isolated trees in the north east of the project area. The concept design for the proposed development and native vegetation and exotic communities present within the project area are described below and are depicted on Figure 1-1.

3.1 Cleared Land

The project area is dominated by historically cleared land that has been utilised for cropping and pasture, with the majority under crop at the time of the field survey. These areas are comprised of exotic grasses (including crop species) and herbs including common agricultural weed species (Figure 3-1). In addition, a large proportion of the roadsides adjoining the project area perimeter, including most of the southern boundary (Lime Kiln Road) and portions of Substation Road on the northern boundary have also been cleared and are dominated by exotic grasses and herbs.

Figure 3-1 Cleared paddocks dominate the project area – oat crop in the western paddock of the project area

3.2 Scattered Native Trees

Four native trees are found within the fenced perimeter of the project area, with three located well inside the paddock in the north east portion of the site. The remaining tree is located near the northern boundary fence. The trees have been assigned a unique identifier number and have been mapped on Figure 1-1 and listed in Table 1 below. Isolated native trees are covered under the provisions of the Native Vegetation Act and approval to clear them requires consideration of the requirements outlined within the Scattered Tree Assessment Guidelines (NVC, 2016). The trees, three mallee box and a single red mallee, are all mature without tree hollows (Figure 3-2). Tree health was generally assessed as vigorous with little evidence of dieback. Photographs of the scattered trees are provided in Appendix A.

Vegetation Assessment Report

Figure 3-2 Scattered tree (number 1) – Red Mallee

Table 3-1 Scattered Native Trees within the project area

Trunk Tree Common Height Radius % Species Name Diameter Hollows No. Name (m) (m) Dieback (cm)

1 Eucalyptus oleosa Red mallee 5 4 25 (multi) 30 0

2 Eucalyptus porosa Mallee box 5 2.5 25 (multi) 30 0

3 Eucalyptus porosa Mallee box 4 2.5 20 (multi) 30 0

3 4 Eucalyptus porosa Mallee box 2.5 45 30 0 (lopped)

3.3 Roadside Native Vegetation

Native roadside vegetation is restricted to portions of Substation Road which forms the northern boundary of the project area with a 6 m wide strip on the south side adjoining the project perimeter and the northern strip varying from 2 to 6 m wide. Two native vegetation communities have been identified and these have been mapped on Figure 1-1 and are described below.

Eucalyptus porosa (mallee box)/Callitris gracilis (white cypress pine) +/- E. oleosa (red mallee) low open woodland over a degraded grassy understorey

This community is found in thin strips of roadside vegetation adjoining Substation Road and is characterised by a patchy cover of Eucalyptus porosa and Callitris gracilis with scattered individual E. oleosa (red mallee). These areas support a patchy and sparse mid-storey including Enchylaena tomentosa (ruby saltbush) and Senna artemisioides ssp sturtii (desert cassia) and an understorey dominated by exotic grasses and herbs including

Vegetation Assessment Report

Hordeum marinum (barley grass), Sonchus oleracea (sow thistle) and Salvia verbenaca (wild sage). Scattered patches of native grasses including Enneapogon nigricans (black heads), Rytidosperma setaceum (bristly wallaby grass) with isolated patches of Lomandra effusa (scented mat rush) and Vittadinia gracilis (woolly new Holland daisy) also present (Figure 3-3).

Figure 3-3 Mallee box low open woodland with degraded understorey along the southern roadside of Substation Road

Austrostipa spp (spear grass) / Enneapogon nigricans (black heads) tussock grassland with exotic grasses and herbs (degraded native grassland)

These areas lack the overstorey and shrub components of the open woodland community described above, and are characterised by a similar understorey which is dominated by exotic grasses and agricultural weed species with a patchy cover of native grasses (Austrostipa species) and herbs including Enneapogon nigricans (black heads), Rytidosperma setaceum (bristly wallaby grass) and patches of Lomandra effusa (Figure 3-4).

Vegetation Assessment Report

Figure 3-4 Degraded native grassland adjacent to Substation Road

Disturbance levels in the roadside native vegetation are high, resulting in poor overall condition of remnant native vegetation communities. Disturbance and condition are summarised below:

x Eucalyptus porosa / Callitris gracilis open woodland over disturbed grassland. Condition scored as 4:1 as a result of this community retaining only scattered trees over disturbed grassland. x Degraded grassland. Condition scored as 2:1 as a result of no overstorey or shrub layer present, site representing regrowth from past clearance, dominated by exotic grasses and herbs.

3.4 Planted Native Vegetation

A strip of planted native trees is found outside the property boundary along the roadside of Lime Kiln Road from the south western corner to the entrance to the quarry, for a distance of approximately 1 km as depicted on Figure 1-1. This vegetation is comprised of Eucalyptus and Melaleuca species, with trees located approximately 3 m from the boundary fence outside the project site (Figure 3-4). A small group of planted Acacia trees are also outside the project site boundary fence near the rail crossing in the south east corner of the project area (Figure 3-5). Planted native vegetation is not subject to the provisions of the Native Vegetation Act, with the exception of where it has been planted as an environmental offset (Significant Environmental Benefit) for the clearance of remnant native vegetation. This vegetation has not been planted as an environmental offset therefore is exempt.

Vegetation Assessment Report

Figure 3-5 Planted trees along the roadside outside the project area boundary (Lime Kiln Road) adjoining the south west of the project area

Figure 3-6 Planted trees outside the project site boundary near the south east corner of the project area

Vegetation Assessment Report

3.5 Planted (or Self-Sewn) Exotic Trees

Several individual or small clumps of planted or self-sewn exotic pepper tree (Schinus molle) are present both along the roadside adjacent to the project area, and occasionally as scattered trees within the fenced paddock and around the abandoned house in the south east of the project area (Figure 3-7).

Figure 3-7 Self-sewn exotic Pepper Tree (Schinus molle) in the north west of the project area

Vegetation Assessment Report

4. Discussion

4.1 Threatened Species

No State or Commonwealth threatened flora species or plant communities were recorded during the survey. Given the highly degraded nature of the site, it is not considered likely that any threatened plant species or communities are present at the site.

4.2 Clearance of Native Vegetation

Potential clearance of native vegetation required to undertake this project includes the following:

x Clearance of up to 4 scattered remnant native trees within the fenced paddocks x Clearance of roadside vegetation and planted or self-sewn trees for the construction of a fence surrounding the project area x Clearance of roadside vegetation for construction access points and for the main access off Substation Road x Minor clearance of roadside vegetation for vehicle access

The clearance footprint will depend on the final layout for infrastructure and construction access including the location of the perimeter fence which will not be determined until an accurate survey of the allotment boundaries is undertaken. In addition, the findings of this report will be used to select sites for construction access points that minimise vegetation clearance, particularly clearance of higher value roadside vegetation.

Clearance of native vegetation required for this project is covered under two exemptions contained in the Native Vegetation Regulations 2003 namely:

x 5 (1)(d) Clearance incidental to the construction of infrastructure in the public interest – applies to scattered trees and clearance of roadside vegetation for access points or road widening. x 5 (1)(s) Clearance for fence lines – applies to clearance of native vegetation that may be required for construction of a fence surrounding the project site.

These exemption provisions are expanded below.

Exemption 5 (1) (d) Clearance incidental to the construction of infrastructure in the public interest

Approval to clear native vegetation under the provisions of exemption 5(1)(d) must be obtained from the Native Vegetation Council prior to construction. The Native Vegetation Council Exemption Guidelines (NVC, 2009) indicate the following broad provisions apply to clearance of native vegetation under exemption 5(1)(d): (i) — (A) the clearance is incidental to the construction or expansion of a building or infrastructure and the Minister has, by instrument in writing, declared that he or she is satisfied that the clearance is in the public interest; or (B) the clearance is required in connection with the provision of infrastructure or services to a building or proposed building, or to any place; and (ii) any development authorisation required by or under the Development Act 1993 has been obtained; and (iii) the Council is satisfied (on the basis of information provided to the Council by the person seeking the benefit of this paragraph and such other information as the Council thinks fit) that, after taking into account the need to preserve biological diversity and the nature and purposes of any proposed building or infrastructure that is yet to be constructed, the proposed site of the building or infrastructure is the most suitable that is available; and

Vegetation Assessment Report

(iv) the Council is satisfied (on the basis of information provided to the Council by the person seeking the benefit of this paragraph and such other information as the Council thinks fit) that there is no other practicable alternative that would involve no clearance or the clearance of less vegetation or the clearance of vegetation that is less significant or (if relevant) the clearance of vegetation that has been degraded to a greater extent than the vegetation proposed to be cleared; and (v) the clearance is undertaken in accordance with a standard operating procedure determined or approved by the Council for the purposes of this provision or a management plan that has been approved by the Council, and either— (A) there will be a significant environmental benefit on the property where the clearance is being undertaken or within the same region of the State; or (B) either— x the owner of the land (or a person acting on his or her behalf); or x a person connected with the construction or expansion of the building or infrastructure, or the provision of the infrastructure or services (as the case requires), has, on application to the Council to proceed with clearing the vegetation in accordance with this provision, made a payment into the Fund of an amount considered by the Council to be sufficient to achieve a significant environmental benefit in the manner contemplated by section 21(6) of the Act;

Exemption 5 (1) (s) Clearance for fence lines If the clearance is for the purpose of providing a strip of cleared land of not more than 5 m in width on either side or both sides of an existing fence or of a fence in the course of construction to provide access for the purpose of maintaining or establishing the fence and:

(i) the fence is reasonably required to control access by people or the movement of animals; and (ii) the clearance is required to give reasonable access to the fence and is limited to the extent reasonably required to achieve that access; and (iii) there is no other practicable alternative (including, in the case of a new fence, to the position of the fence) that would involve no clearance or the clearance of less vegetation or the clearance of vegetation that is less significant or (if relevant) the clearance of vegetation that has been degraded to a greater extent than the vegetation proposed to be cleared.

Once the final construction footprint is determined, information collected during the field survey conducted here can be used to prepare a vegetation clearance report as required under Exemption 5 (1)(d) which will include an assessment of proposed clearance against the Principles of Clearance and a calculation of Significant Environmental Benefit (SEB) offset that may apply.

Vegetation Assessment Report

5. Summary and Recommendations

5.1 Summary

The final native vegetation clearance footprint has not been determined; however the findings of the field survey indicate that:

x Vegetation clearance will be minimal and include up to 4 scattered trees within the project footprint and possibly small sections of degraded roadside vegetation; x No clearance of threatened species or threatened vegetation communities will be required; x The construction and operation of the proposed infrastructure will not result in significant impact to threatened species or other Protected Matters under the EPBC Act and a formal referral under the Act is not required.

Approval to clear native vegetation is required under the Native Vegetation Act and is covered under exemptions in the Native Vegetation Regulations namely:

x 5 (1)(d) Clearance incidental to the construction of infrastructure in the public interest – applies to scattered trees and clearance of roadside vegetation for access points or road widening.

x 5 (1)(s) Clearance for fence lines – applies to clearance of native vegetation that may be required for construction of a fence surrounding the project site.

A Significant Environmental Benefit (SEB) offset will apply to vegetation clearance under exemption 5(1)(d) which may be provided as a land set-aside or a payment into the Native Vegetation fund. The SEB quantum will depend on the area and condition of roadside vegetation and number of scattered trees that comprise the final clearance footprint, however the SEB requirement is commensurate with the amount of clearance required and will therefore reflect the minor nature of the clearance required.

5.2 Recommendations

The following recommendations are provided in order to meet the requirements of Regulations 5(1)(d) and 5(1)(s) to minimise total vegetation clearance and the clearance of more significant vegetation:

x Consider locating the northern perimeter fence (adjoining Substation Road) to the south of the existing stock fence thereby reducing the need to clear roadside vegetation and potentially the number of scattered trees that are located just inside the paddocks close to the existing fence. x Minimise the clearance of the strip of planted native vegetation for boundary fencing adjoining the western portion of the southern boundary (Lime Kiln Road). This strip is located 3 m south of the existing stock fence which should provide sufficient clearance (subject to a detailed survey of the cadastral alignment) to construct the new boundary fence.

Vegetation Assessment Report

Appendix A. Scattered Tree Photographs

Scattered Tree 1 – Single Eucalyptus oleosa (red mallee) paddock tree in the north east of the project area within array footprint.

Scattered Tree 2: Single Eucalyptus porosa (mallee box) paddock tree in the north east of the project area within array footprint.

Vegetation Assessment Report

Scattered Tree 3: Single Eucalyptus porosa (mallee box) paddock tree in the north east of the project area adjacent to array footprint.

Scattered Tree 4 – Isolated Eucalyptus porosa (mallee box) approximately 7 m inside northern boundary fence

Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

Appendix H. Relevant Development Plan Policy

Renewable Energy Facilities

OBJECTIVES

1) Development of renewable energy facilities that benefit the environment, the community and the state

2) The development of renewable energy facilities, such as wind farms and ancillary development, in areas that provide the opportunity to harvest natural resources for the efficient generation of electricity

3) Location, siting, design and operation of renewable energy facilities to avoid or minimise adverse impacts on the natural environment and other land uses

PRINCIPLES OF DEVELOPMENT CONTROL

1) Renewable energy facilities including wind farms and ancillary development, should be:

a) Located in areas that maximize efficient generation and supply of electricity; and

b) Designed and sited so as not to impact on the safety of water or air transport and the operation of ports, airfields and designated landing strips

Design and Appearance

OBJECTIVES 1) Development of a high architectural standard that responds to and reinforces positive aspects of the local environment and built form. 2) Roads, open spaces, buildings and land uses laid out and linked so that they are easy to understand and navigate

PRINCIPLES OF DEVELOPMENT CONTROL 1) The design of a building may be of a contemporary nature and exhibit an innovative style provided the overall form is sympathetic to the scale of development in the locality and with the context of its setting with regard to shape, size, materials and colour. 2) Buildings should be designed and sited to avoid creating extensive areas of uninterrupted walling facing areas exposed to public view. 3) Buildings should be setback at least 1 metre from a Community Wastewater Management Scheme junction, connection or main. 4) Buildings should be designed to reduce their visual bulk and provide visual interest through design elements such as: a) articulation b) colour and detailing c) small vertical and horizontal components d) design and placing of windows e) variations to facades. 5) Where a building is sited on or close to a side boundary, the side boundary wall should be sited and limited in length and height to minimise: a) the visual impact of the building as viewed from adjoining properties

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b) overshadowing of adjoining properties and allow adequate sun light to neighbouring buildings. 7) The external walls and roofs of buildings visible from public roads or adjoining properties should: a) not incorporate highly reflective materials which will result in glare b) if using sheet metal, be pre-colour treated c) be of a finish which matches new condition, either through re-cladding or painting. 8) Structures located on the roofs of buildings to house plant and equipment should form an integral part of the building design in relation to external finishes, shaping and colours. 9) Building design should emphasise pedestrian entry points to provide perceptible and direct access from public street frontages and vehicle parking areas. 10) Development should provide clearly recognisable links to adjoining areas and facilities. 11) Buildings, landscaping, paving and signage should have a coordinated appearance that maintains and enhances the visual attractiveness of the locality. 12) Buildings (other than ancillary buildings or group dwellings) should be designed so that their main façade faces the primary street frontage of the land on which they are situated. 14) Development should be designed and sited so that outdoor storage, loading and service areas are screened from public view by an appropriate combination of built form, solid fencing and/or landscaping. 15) Outdoor lighting should not result in light spillage on adjacent land. 17) The setback of buildings from public roads should: a) be similar to, or compatible with, setbacks of buildings on adjoining land and other buildings in the locality b) contribute positively to the streetscape character of the locality c) not result in or contribute to a detrimental impact upon the function, appearance or character of the locality.

Siting and Visibility

OBJECTIVES 1) Protection of scenically attractive areas, particularly natural, rural and coastal landscapes.

PRINCIPLES OF DEVELOPMENT CONTROL 1) Development should be sited and designed to minimise its visual impact on: a) the natural, rural or heritage character of the area b) areas of high visual or scenic value, particularly rural and coastal areas c) views from the coast, near-shore waters, public reserves, tourist routes and walking trails. 2) Buildings should be sited in unobtrusive locations and, in particular, should: a) be grouped together b) where possible be located in such a way as to be screened by existing vegetation when viewed from public roads. 3) Buildings outside of urban areas and in undulating landscapes should be sited in unobtrusive locations and in particular should be: a) sited below the ridgeline b) sited within valleys or behind spurs c) sited in such a way as to not be visible against the skyline when viewed from public roads

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d) set well back from public roads, particularly when the allotment is on the high side of the road. 4) Buildings and structures should be designed to minimise their visual impact in the landscape, in particular: a) the profile of buildings should be low and the rooflines should complement the natural form of the land b) the mass of buildings should be minimised by variations in wall and roof lines and by floor plans which complement the contours of the land c) large eaves, verandas and pergolas should be incorporated into designs so as to create shadowed areas that reduce the bulky appearance of buildings. 5) The nature of external surface materials of buildings should not detract from the visual character and amenity of the landscape. 6) The number of buildings and structures on land outside of urban areas should be limited to that necessary for the efficient management of the land. 7) Development should be screened through the establishment of landscaping using locally indigenous plant species: a) around buildings and earthworks to provide a visual screen as well as shade in summer, and protection from prevailing winds b) along allotment boundaries to provide permanent screening of buildings and structures when viewed from adjoining properties and public roads c) along the verges of new roads and access tracks to provide screening and minimise erosion.

Transportation and Access

OBJECTIVES 1) A comprehensive, integrated, affordable and efficient air, rail, sea, road, cycle and pedestrian transport system that will: a) provide equitable access to a range of public and private transport services for all people b) ensure a high level of safety c) effectively support the economic development of the State d) have minimal negative environmental and social impacts e) maintain options for the introduction of suitable new transport technologies. 2) Development that: a) provides safe and efficient movement for all motorised and non-motorised transport modes b) ensures access for vehicles including emergency services, public infrastructure maintenance and commercial vehicles c) provides off street parking d) is appropriately located so that it supports and makes best use of existing transport facilities and networks. 3) A road hierarchy that promotes safe and efficient transportation in an integrated manner throughout the State. 4) Provision of safe, pleasant, accessible, integrated and permeable pedestrian and cycling networks. 5) Safe and convenient freight movement throughout the State.

PRINCIPLES OF DEVELOPMENT CONTROL 1) Land uses arranged to support the efficient provision of sustainable transport networks and encourage their use.

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2) Development should be integrated with existing transport networks, particularly major rail and road corridors as shown on Location Maps and Overlay Maps - Transport, and designed to minimise its potential impact on the functional performance of the transport networks. 3) Transport corridors should be sited and designed so as to not unreasonably interfere with the health and amenity of adjacent sensitive land uses. 4) Roads should be sited and designed to blend with the landscape and be in sympathy with the terrain. 8) Development should provide safe and convenient access for all anticipated modes of transport including cycling, walking, public and community transport, and motor vehicles. 11) Development should discourage commercial and industrial vehicle movements through residential streets and adjacent other sensitive land uses such as schools. 12) Industrial/commercial vehicle movements should be separated from passenger vehicle car-parking areas. 13) Development should make sufficient provision on site for the loading, unloading and turning of all traffic likely to be generated. 17) New developments should give priority to and not compromise existing designated bicycle routes. 22) Development should have direct access from an all weather public road. 23) Development should be provided with safe and convenient access which: a) avoids unreasonable interference with the flow of traffic on adjoining roads b) accommodates the type and volume of traffic likely to be generated by the development or land use and minimises induced traffic through over-provision c) is sited and designed to minimise any adverse impacts on the occupants of and visitors to neighbouring properties. 24) Development should not restrict access to publicly owned land. 25) The number of vehicle access points onto arterial roads shown on Overlay Maps - Transport should be minimised, and where possible access points should be: a) limited to local roads b) shared between developments. 28) Driveways, access tracks and parking areas should be designed and constructed to: a) follow the natural contours of the land b) minimise excavation and/or fill c) minimise the potential for erosion from runoff d) avoid the removal of existing vegetation e) be consistent with Australian Standard AS 2890 Parking facilities. 31) Development should provide off-street vehicle parking and specifically marked disabled car parking places to meet anticipated demand in accordance with Table CooD/1 - Off Street Vehicle Parking Requirements. 32) Development should be consistent with Australian Standard AS 2890 Parking facilities. 33) Vehicle parking areas should be sited and designed in a manner that will: a) facilitate safe and convenient pedestrian linkages to the development and areas of significant activity or interest in the vicinity of the development b) include safe pedestrian and bicycle linkages that complement the overall pedestrian and cycling network c) not inhibit safe and convenient traffic circulation d) result in minimal conflict between customer and service vehicles

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e) avoid the necessity to use public roads when moving from one part of a parking area to another f) minimise the number of vehicle access points to public roads g) avoid the necessity for backing onto public roads h) where reasonably possible, provide the opportunity for shared use of car parking and integration of car parking areas with adjoining development to reduce the total extent of vehicle parking areas and the requirement for access points i) not dominate the character and appearance of a centre when viewed from public roads and spaces j) provide landscaping that will shade and enhance the appearance of the vehicle parking areas. 36) Parking areas that are likely to be used during non daylight hours should provide floodlit entrance and exit points and site lighting directed and shaded in a manner that will not cause nuisance to adjacent properties or users of the car park. 37) Parking areas should be sealed or paved in order to minimise dust and mud nuisance. 38) To assist with stormwater detention and reduce heat loads in summer, vehicle parking areas should include soft (living) landscaping. Parking areas should be line-marked to indicate parking bays, movement aisles and direction of traffic flow

Energy Efficiency

OBJECTIVES

1) Development designed and sited to conserve energy, and minimise waste.

2) Development that provides for on-site power generation including photovoltaic cells and wind power.

PRINCIPLES OF DEVELOPMENT CONTROL

1) Development should provide for efficient solar access to buildings and open space all year around

2) Buildings should be site and designed:

a) To ensure adequate natural light and winter sunlight is available to main activity areas of adjacent buildings

b) So that open spaces associated with the main activity areas face north for exposure to winter sun

ON-SITE ENERGY GENERATION

3) Development should facilities the efficient use of photovoltaic cells and solar hot water systems by:

a) Taking into account overshadowing from neighbouring buildings

b) Designing roof orientation and pitches to maximise exposure to direct sunlight

4) Public infrastructure, including lighting and telephones, should be designed to generate and use renewable energy

Hazards

OBJECTIVES 1) Maintenance of the natural environment and systems by limiting development in areas susceptible to natural hazard risk.

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2) Development located away from areas that are vulnerable to, and cannot be adequately and effectively protected from the risk of natural hazards. 4) Development located and designed to minimise the risks to safety and property from flooding. 5) Development located to minimise the threat and impact of bushfires on life and property. 6) Expansion of existing non-rural uses directed away from areas of high bushfire risk. 7) The environmental values and ecological health of receiving waterways and marine environments protected from the release of acid water resulting from the disturbance of acid sulphate soils. 8) Protection of human health and the environment wherever site contamination has been identified or suspected to have occurred. 9) Appropriate assessment and remediation of site contamination to ensure land is suitable for the proposed use and provides a safe and healthy living and working environment. 10) Minimisation of harm to life, property and the environment through appropriate location of development and appropriate storage, containment and handling of hazardous materials.

PRINCIPLES OF DEVELOPMENT CONTROL 1) Development should be excluded from areas that are vulnerable to, and cannot be adequately and effectively protected from, the risk of hazards. 3) There should not be any significant interference with natural processes in order to reduce the exposure of development to the risk of natural hazards. 4) Development should not occur on land where the risk of flooding is likely to be harmful to safety or damage property. 5) Development should not be undertaken in areas liable to inundation by tidal, drainage or flood waters unless the development can achieve all of the following: a) it is developed with a public stormwater system capable of catering for a 1-in-100 year average return interval flood event b) buildings are designed and constructed to prevent the entry of floodwaters in a 1-in-100 year average return interval flood event. 6) Development, including earthworks associated with development, should not do any of the following: a) impede the flow of floodwaters through the land or other surrounding land b) increase the potential hazard risk to public safety of persons during a flood event c) aggravate the potential for erosion or siltation or lead to the destruction of vegetation during a flood d) cause any adverse effect on the floodway function e) increase the risk of flooding of other land f) obstruct a watercourse. 7) Buildings and structures should be located away from areas that pose an unacceptable bushfire risk as a result of one or more of the following: a) vegetation cover comprising trees and/or shrubs b) poor access c) rugged terrain d) inability to provide an adequate building protection zone e) inability to provide an adequate supply of water for fire fighting purposes. 8) Buildings and structures should be designed and configured to reduce the impact of bushfire through designs that reduce the potential for trapping burning debris against the building or structure, or between the ground and building floor level in the case of transportable buildings.

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11) Buildings and structures should be designed and configured to reduce the impact of bushfire through using designs that reduce the potential for trapping burning debris against the building or structure, or between the ground and building floor level in the case of transportable buildings. 18) Development and activities, including excavation and filling of land, that may lead to the disturbance of potential or actual acid sulfate soils should be avoided unless such disturbances are managed in a way that effectively avoids the potential for harm or damage to any of the following: a) the marine and estuarine environment b) natural water bodies and wetlands c) agricultural or aquaculture activities d) buildings, structures and infrastructure e) public health. 19) Development, including primary production, aquaculture activities and infrastructure, should not proceed unless it can be demonstrated that the risk of releasing acid water resulting from the disturbance of acid sulfate soils is minimal. 20) Development, including land division, should not occur where site contamination has occurred unless the site has been assessed and remediated as necessary to ensure that it is suitable and safe for the proposed use. 21) Hazardous materials should be stored and contained in a manner that minimises the risk to public health and safety and the potential for water, land or air contamination. 22) Development that involves the storage and handling of hazardous materials should ensure that these are contained in designated areas that are secure, readily accessible to emergency vehicles, impervious, protected from rain and stormwater intrusion and other measures necessary to prevent: a) discharge of polluted water from the site b) contamination of land c) airborne migration of pollutants d) potential interface impacts with sensitive land uses. 23) Development, including associated cut and fill activities, should not lead to an increased danger from land surface instability or to the potential of landslip occurring on the site or on surrounding land. 24) Development on steep slopes should promote the retention and replanting of vegetation as a means of stabilising and reducing the possibility of surface movement or disturbance. 25) Development in areas susceptible to landslip should: a) incorporate split level designs to minimise cutting into the slope b) ensure that cut and fill and heights of faces are minimised c) ensure cut and fill is supported with engineered retaining walls or are battered to appropriate grades d) control any erosion that will increase the gradient of the slope and decrease stability e) ensure the siting and operation of an effluent drainage field does not contribute to landslip f) provide drainage measures to ensure surface stability is not compromised g) ensure natural drainage lines are not obstructed.

Heritage Places

OBJECTIVES 1) The conservation of State and local heritage places.

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2) The continued use, or adaptive re-use of State and local heritage places that supports the conservation of their cultural significance. 3) Conservation of the setting of State and local heritage places.

PRINCIPLES OF DEVELOPMENT CONTROL 1) A heritage place spatially located on Overlay Maps - Heritage and more specifically identified in Table Cood/4 - State Heritage Places should not be demolished, destroyed or removed, in total or in part, unless either of the following apply: h) that portion of the place to be demolished, destroyed or removed is excluded from the extent of the places identified in the table i) the structural condition of the place represents an unacceptable risk to public or private safety. 5) New buildings should not be placed or erected between the front street boundary and the façade of existing State or local heritage places. 6) Development that materially affects the context within which the heritage place is situated should be compatible with the heritage place. It is not necessary to replicate historic detailing, however design elements that should be compatible include, but are not limited to: a) scale and bulk b) width of frontage c) boundary setback patterns d) proportion and composition of design elements such as rooflines, openings, fencing and landscaping e) colour and texture of external materials.

Infrastructure

OBJECTIVES 1) Infrastructure provided in an economical and environmentally sensitive manner. 2) Infrastructure, including social infrastructure, provided in advance of need. 3) Suitable land for infrastructure identified and set aside in advance of need. 4) The visual impact of infrastructure facilities minimised. 5) The efficient and cost-effective use of existing infrastructure.

PRINCIPLES OF DEVELOPMENT CONTROL 1) Development should not occur without the provision of adequate utilities and services, including: a) electricity supply b) water supply c) drainage and stormwater systems d) waste disposal e) effluent disposal systems f) formed all-weather public roads g) telecommunications services h) social infrastructure, community services and facilities i) gas services.

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2) Development should only occur only where it provides, or has access to, relevant easements for the supply of infrastructure. 4) Development should not take place until adequate and coordinated drainage of the land is assured. 8) Electricity infrastructure should be designed and located to minimise its visual and environmental impacts. 10) Utilities and services, including access roads and tracks, should be sited on areas already cleared of native vegetation. If this is not possible, their siting should cause minimal interference or disturbance to existing native vegetation and biodiversity. 11) Utility buildings and structures should be grouped with non-residential development where possible. 12) Development in proximity to infrastructure facilities should be sited and be of a scale to ensure adequate separation to protect people and property.

Interface Between Land Uses

OBJECTIVES 1) Development located and designed to minimise adverse impact and conflict between land uses. 2) Protect community health and amenity from adverse impacts of development. 3) Protect desired land uses from the encroachment of incompatible development.

PRINCIPLES OF DEVELOPMENT CONTROL 1) Development should not detrimentally affect the amenity of the locality or cause unreasonable interference through any of the following: a) the emission of effluent, odour, smoke, fumes, dust or other airborne pollutants b) noise c) vibration d) electrical interference e) light spill f) glare g) hours of operation h) traffic impacts. 2) Development should be sited and designed to minimise negative impacts on existing and potential future land uses desired in the locality. 5) Sensitive uses likely to conflict with the continuation of lawfully existing developments and land uses desired for the zone should be designed to minimise negative impacts. 7) Development that emits noise (other than music noise) should include noise attenuation measures that achieve the relevant Environment Protection (Noise) Policy criteria when assessed at the nearest existing noise sensitive premises. 8) Development with the potential to emit significant noise (e.g. industry) should incorporate noise attenuation measures that prevent noise from causing unreasonable interference with the amenity of noise sensitive premises. 11) Development with the potential to emit harmful or nuisance-generating air pollution should incorporate air pollution control measures to prevent harm to human health or unreasonable interference with the amenity of sensitive uses within the locality. 16) Development that is adjacent to land used for primary production (within either the zone or adjacent zones) should include appropriate setbacks and vegetative plantings designed to minimise the potential impacts of chemical spray drift and other impacts associated with primary production.

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Landscaping, Fences and Walls

OBJECTIVES 1) The amenity of land and development enhanced with appropriate planting and other landscaping works, using locally indigenous plant species where possible. 2) Functional fences and walls that enhance the attractiveness of development.

PRINCIPLES OF DEVELOPMENT CONTROL 1) Development should incorporate open space and landscaping and minimise hard paved surfaces in order to: a) complement built form and reduce the visual impact of larger buildings (eg taller and broader plantings against taller and bulkier building components) b) enhance the appearance of road frontages c) screen service yards, loading areas and outdoor storage areas d) minimise maintenance and watering requirements e) enhance and define outdoor spaces, including car parking areas f) maximise shade and shelter g) assist in climate control within and around buildings h) minimise heat absorption and reflection i) maintain privacy j) maximise stormwater re-use k) complement existing vegetation, including native vegetation l) contribute to the viability of ecosystems and species m) promote water and biodiversity conservation. 2) Landscaping should: a) include the planting of locally indigenous species where appropriate b) be oriented towards the street frontage c) result in the appropriate clearance from powerlines and other infrastructure being maintained. 3) Landscaping should not: a) unreasonably restrict solar access to adjoining development b) cause damage to buildings, paths and other landscaping from root invasion, soil disturbance or plant overcrowding c) introduce pest plants d) increase the risk of bushfire e) remove opportunities for passive surveillance f) increase leaf fall in watercourses g) increase the risk of weed invasion. 4) Fences and walls, including retaining walls, should: a) not result in damage to neighbouring trees b) be compatible with the associated development and with existing predominant, attractive fences and walls in the locality

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c) enable some visibility of buildings from and to the street to enhance safety and allow casual surveillance d) incorporate articulation or other detailing where there is a large expanse of wall facing the street e) assist in highlighting building entrances f) be sited and limited in height, to ensure adequate sight lines for motorists and pedestrians especially on corner sites g) in the case of side and rear boundaries, be of sufficient height to maintain privacy and/or security without adversely affecting the visual amenity or access to sunlight of adjoining land h) be constructed of non-flammable materials. 5) Fencing should be open in form to allow cross ventilation and access to sunlight.

Natural Resources

OBJECTIVES 1) Retention, protection and restoration of the natural resources and environment. 2) Protection of the quality and quantity of South Australia’s surface waters, including inland, marine and estuarine and underground waters. 3) The ecologically sustainable use of natural resources including water resources, including marine waters, ground water, surface water and watercourses. 4) Natural hydrological systems and environmental flows reinstated, and maintained and enhanced. 5) Development consistent with the principles of water sensitive design. 6) Development sited and designed to: a) protect natural ecological systems b) achieve the sustainable use of water c) protect water quality, including receiving waters d) reduce runoff and peak flows and prevent the risk of downstream flooding e) minimise demand on reticulated water supplies f) maximise the harvest and use of stormwater g) protect stormwater from pollution sources. 7) Storage and use of stormwater which avoids adverse impact on public health and safety. 8) Native flora, fauna and ecosystems protected, retained, conserved and restored. 9) Restoration, expansion and linking of existing native vegetation to facilitate habitat corridors for ease of movement of fauna. 10) Minimal disturbance and modification of the natural landform. 11) Protection of: a) wetland habitats in designated Ramsar Wetland Areas b) the migratory wading and shore bird species’ habitats of The Coorong and Lower Lakes area c) the physical, chemical and biological quality of soil resources d) areas prone to erosion or other land degradation processes from inappropriate development e) the scenic qualities of natural and rural landscapes.

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PRINCIPLES OF DEVELOPMENT CONTROL 1) Development should be undertaken with minimum impact on the natural environment, including air and water quality, land, soil, biodiversity, and scenically attractive areas. 2) Development should ensure that South Australia’s natural assets, such as biodiversity, water and soil, are protected and enhanced. 3) Development should not significantly obstruct or adversely affect sensitive ecological areas such as creeks, wetlands, estuaries and significant seagrass and mangrove communities. 4) Development should be appropriate to land capability and the protection and conservation of water resources and biodiversity. 5) Development should not be undertaken on land where a detrimental impact on water quality and biodiversity values of The Coorong, River Murray and Lower Lakes will occur. 6) Development should be designed to maximise conservation, minimise consumption and encourage re-use of water resources. 7) Development should not take place if it results in unsustainable use of surface or underground water resources. 8) Development should be sited and designed to: a) capture and re-use stormwater, where practical b) minimise surface water runoff c) prevent soil erosion and water pollution d) protect and enhance natural water flows e) protect water quality by providing adequate separation distances from watercourses and other water bodies f) not contribute to an increase in salinity levels g) avoid the water logging of soil or the release of toxic elements h) maintain natural hydrological systems and not adversely affect: i) the quantity and quality of groundwater ii) the depth and directional flow of groundwater iii) the quality and function of natural springs. 9) Water discharged from a development site should: a) be of a physical, chemical and biological condition equivalent to or better than its pre-developed state b) not exceed the rate of discharge from the site as it existed in pre-development conditions. 10) Development should include stormwater management systems to protect it from damage during a minimum of a 1-in-100 year average return interval flood. 11) Development should have adequate provision to control any stormwater over-flow runoff from the site and should be sited and designed to improve the quality of stormwater and minimise pollutant transfer to receiving waters. 12) Development should include stormwater management systems to mitigate peak flows and manage the rate and duration of stormwater discharges from the site to ensure the carrying capacities of downstream systems are not overloaded. 13) Development should include stormwater management systems to minimise the discharge of sediment, suspended solids, organic matter, nutrients, bacteria, litter and other contaminants to the stormwater system. 14) Stormwater management systems should preserve natural drainage systems, including the associated environmental flows.

IW133300 Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

15) Stormwater management systems should: a) maximise the potential for stormwater harvesting and re-use, either on-site or as close as practicable to the source b) utilise, but not be limited to, one or more of the following harvesting methods: i) the collection of roof water in tanks ii) the discharge to open space, landscaping or garden areas, including strips adjacent to car parks iii) the incorporation of detention and retention facilities iv) aquifer recharge. 16) Where it is not practicable to detain or dispose of stormwater on site, only clean stormwater runoff should enter the public stormwater drainage system. 18) Development should ensure watercourses and their beds, banks, wetlands and floodplains are not damaged or modified and are retained in their natural state, except where modification is required for essential access or maintenance purposes. 19) No development should occur where its proximity to a swamp or wetland will damage or interfere with the hydrology or water regime of the swamp or wetland. 26) Development should comply with the current Environment Protection (Water Quality) Policy. 27) Development should retain existing areas of native vegetation and where possible contribute to revegetation using locally indigenous plant species. 28) Development should be designed and sited to minimise the loss and disturbance of native flora and fauna, including marine animals and plants, and their breeding grounds and habitats. 29) The provision of services, including power, water, effluent and waste disposal, access roads and tracks should be sited on areas already cleared of native vegetation. 30) Native vegetation should be conserved and its conservation value and function not compromised by development if the native vegetation does any of the following: a) provides an important habitat for wildlife or shade and shelter for livestock b) has a high plant species diversity or includes rare, vulnerable or endangered plant species or plant associations and communities c) provides an important seed bank for locally indigenous vegetation d) has high amenity value and/or significantly contributes to the landscape quality of an area, including the screening of buildings and unsightly views e) has high value as a remnant of vegetation associations characteristic of a district or region prior to extensive clearance for agriculture f) is growing in, or is characteristically associated with a wetland environment. 31) Native vegetation should not be cleared if such clearing is likely to lead to, cause or exacerbate any of the following: a) erosion or sediment within water catchments b) decreased soil stability c) soil or land slip d) deterioration in the quality of water in a watercourse or surface water runoff e) a local or regional salinity problem f) the occurrence or intensity of local or regional flooding. 32) Development that proposes the clearance of native vegetation should address or consider the implications that removing the native vegetation will have on the following:

IW133300 Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

a) provision for linkages and wildlife corridors between significant areas of native vegetation b) erosion along watercourses and the filtering of suspended solids and nutrients from runoff c) the amenity of the locality d) bushfire safety e) the net loss of native vegetation and other biodiversity. 33) Where native vegetation is to be removed, it should be replaced in a suitable location on the site with locally indigenous vegetation to ensure that there is not a net loss of native vegetation and biodiversity. 34) Development should be located and occur in a manner which: a) does not increase the potential for, or result in, the spread of pest plants, or the spread of any non- indigenous plants into areas of native vegetation or a conservation zone b) avoids the degradation of remnant native vegetation by any other means including as a result of spray drift, compaction of soil, modification of surface water flows, pollution to groundwater or surface water or change to groundwater levels c) incorporates a separation distance and/or buffer area to protect wildlife habitats and other features of nature conservation significance. 35) Development should promote the long-term conservation of vegetation by: a) avoiding substantial structures, excavations, and filling of land in close proximity to the trunk of trees and beneath their canopies b) minimising impervious surfaces beneath the canopies of trees c) taking other effective and reasonable precautions to protect both vegetation and the integrity of structures and essential services. 38) Developments or activities should not lead to significant impacts on Ramsar wetlands and core habitat zones shown on Concept Plan Map CooD/10 - Ramsar Wetlands and Core Habitat Zones. 39) Development or activities should aim to establish landform and vegetation corridors that link the Ramsar core habitat zones. 41) Development should not have an adverse impact on the natural, physical, chemical or biological quality and characteristics of soil resources. 42) Development should be designed and sited to prevent erosion. 43) Development should take place in a manner that will minimise alteration to the existing landform. 44) Development should minimise the loss of soil from a site through soil erosion or siltation during the construction phase of any development and following the commencement of an activity.

Orderly and Sustainable Development

OBJECTIVES 1) Orderly and economical development that creates a safe, convenient and pleasant environment in which to live. 2) Development occurring in an orderly sequence and in a compact form to enable the efficient provision of public services and facilities. 3) Development that does not jeopardise the continuance of adjoining authorised land uses. 4) Development that does not prejudice the achievement of the provisions of the Development Plan.

PRINCIPLES OF DEVELOPMENT CONTROL 1) Development should not prejudice the development of a zone for its intended purpose.

IW133300 Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

2) Land outside of townships and settlements should primarily be used for primary production and conservation purposes. 3) The economic base of the region should be expanded in a sustainable manner.

Primary Production Zone

OBJECTIVES 1) Economically productive, efficient and environmentally sustainable primary production. 2) Allotments of a size and configuration that promote the efficient use of land for primary production. 3) Protection of primary production from encroachment by incompatible land uses and protection of scenic qualities of rural landscapes. 4) Development that contributes to the desired character of the zone.

DESIRED CHARACTER

This zone will continue to be developed as the primary source of agricultural production in the Council area.

The sustainable development of more intensive forms of primary production, including irrigated pasture, horticulture and intensive animal keeping is envisaged to complement the increasingly efficient broadacre farming operations which are predominant throughout the zone.

It is anticipated that the development of industries for the processing of agricultural products will be established in suitable locations to provide value-adding opportunities.

Other forms of industrial or commercial development (including warehousing) not associated directly or indirectly with primary production will be limited to those activities that have specific site, location or resource needs that cannot be met in a defined Industry Zone, Policy Area or Precinct. These forms of development will be located on land with low productive potential for primary production and will have low potential for adverse impact on other uses in the locality. The creation of an allotment to accommodate such uses is not envisaged unless the use has Development Approval or is operational. Where an allotment arising from such a land division contains a dwelling, it must be demonstrated a required separation distance applicable to a dwelling on an allotment not associated with the use of the balance allotment is achieved to ensure potential land use conflict is not created.

The land capability varies greatly throughout the zone, reflecting the rainfall distribution and the complex nature of the soil types evident. The farming land is interspersed with stands of remnant vegetation which contribute not only to the unique landscape, but also contributes to the preservation of flora and fauna between the larger stands contained in the Conservation Parks and Reserves. The highly variable nature of each property is to be considered in determining development opportunities.

Wind farms and ancillary development such as substations, maintenance sheds, access roads and connecting power-lines (including to the National Electricity Grid) are envisaged within the zone and constitute a component of the zone's desired character. These facilities will need to be located in areas where they can take advantage of the natural resource upon which they rely and, as a consequence, components (particularly turbines) may need to be: x located in visually prominent locations such as ridgelines; x visible from scenic routes and valuable scenic and environmental areas; and x located closer to roads than envisaged by generic setback policy.

This, coupled with the large scale of these facilities (in terms of both height and spread of components), renders it difficult to mitigate the visual impacts of wind farms to the degree expected of other types of development. Subject to implementation of management techniques set out by general / council wide policy regarding

IW133300 Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

renewable energy facilities, these visual impacts are to be accepted in pursuit of benefits derived from increased generation of renewable energy.

Other forms of renewable energy facilities (e.g. solar facilities, bioenergy facilities) may also be located within the zone. These forms of development will be located on land with low productive potential for primary production and will have low potential for adverse impact on other uses in the locality.

It is envisaged that built form, unless required to facilitate the development of wind farms, other renewable energy facilities or industrial and commercial development that is in keeping with the provisions of the zone and or its desired character, will only be developed in conjunction with maintaining the land for primary production purposes. Buildings will be grouped together as much as possible to minimise the extent of visual impact on the open character of the zone and be setback from allotment boundaries so as not to dominate the landscape as viewed from public roads or adjacent land.

PRINCIPLES OF DEVELOPMENT CONTROL 1) The following forms of development are envisaged in the zone: x bulk handling and storage facility x commercial forestry x dairy farming x dwelling in association with primary production x farming x horticulture x intensive animal keeping x land-based aquaculture x renewable energy facility x tourist accommodation (including through the diversification of existing farming activities and conversion of farm buildings) x waste facility which supports an existing township x wind farm and ancillary development x wind monitoring mast and ancillary development. 2) Development listed as non-complying is generally inappropriate. 4) Other forms of renewable energy facilities (e.g. solar facilities, bioenergy facilities) should: a) be located on land with low productive potential for primary production b) have low potential for adverse impacts on other uses in the locality. 5) Industry and warehousing, unless otherwise consistent with the desired character of the zone, should only be developed if it supports primary production, processing, storage and distribution of local primary produce or products produced on the same site, and should be developed where: a) it has a direct relationship with primary production b) it is unlikely to limit or inhibit the use of adjoining land for primary production c) the particular use requires a site in proximity to a particular natural resource or other product or materials sourced from the locality d) it will not result in the alienation of land or water resources identified as significant for primary production or ecological reasons e) the use would be inappropriate within a township.

IW133300 Tailem Bend Solar Project Section 49 Development Application

7) Buildings should primarily be limited to farm buildings, a detached dwelling associated with primary production on the allotment and residential outbuildings that are: a) grouped together on the allotment and setback from allotment boundaries to minimise the visual impact of buildings on the landscape as viewed from public roads b) screened from public roads and adjacent land by existing vegetation or landscaped buffers c) located such that no clearance of native vegetation is necessary. 10) Development should not be undertaken unless it is consistent with the desired character for the zone 11) Development should not occur within 500 metres of a National Park, Conservation Park, Wilderness Protection Area or significant stands of native vegetation if it will increase the potential for, or result in, the spread of pest plants. 13) Buildings should be setback: a) no less than 50 metres to any public road b) no less than 100 metres where the site of the development is adjacent to an arterial road unless required to facilitate the development of wind farms and ancillary development.

IW133300

Level 6, 30 Flinders Street Adelaide SA 5000 Australia T +61 8 8113 5400 F +61 8 8113 5440 www.jacobs.com

31 January 2017

Attention: Laura Kerber Department of Planning, Transport and Infrastructure GPO Box 1815 Adelaide SA 5001

Project Name: Tailem Bend Solar Project Application Number: 571/V001/17

Subject: 571/V001/17 Response to Information Request dated 24 January 2017

Dear Laura

As requested please find additional information on the following matters in relation to the Tailem Bend Solar Project (TBSP):

1. Detail of the proposed ground treatment under the solar arrays and ongoing weed control methods.

2. Discussion regarding the lack of landscaping in the proposal.

3. Detail regarding the proposed excavation and use of quarry material on the subject site (including location and proposed volumes of material to be excavated).

4. An indicative layout of the administration / car parking / laydown area (north of substation, adjacent Substation Road), to demonstrate how these facilities might present to Substation Road.

Ground treatment under the solar arrays and ongoing weed control methods

During the construction period of the TBSP, clearing and grubbing will be limited to areas where it is essential for the construction process for example as part of construction of access roads and buildings. The level of ground disturbance associated with the construction of the solar modules will depend on the type of footings required (e.g. screw pile, concrete footing or concrete filling pile) but existing ground cover will be maintained to the extent possible. Installation of underground cabling will involve direct burying in a narrow trench therefore requiring minimal ground disturbance.

The requirement to minimise ground disturbance, maintain existing ground cover and manage weeds will be outlined as part of the Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) which will be developed prior to the commencement of construction.

The existing grasses / ground cover will be maintained or re-established at the completion of the construction period. Ongoing weed control will occur as part of the long term operations of the project. This requirement will be outlined in the Operational Environmental Management Plan (OEMP) which will be developed prior to the commencement of operations.

Jacobs Group (Australia) Pty Limited ABN 37 001 024 095

31 January 2017 Subject: 571/V001/17 Response to Information Request dated 24 January 2017

Landscaping

As noted in the Development Application no landscaping is proposed on the subject site following the construction of the TBSP. Given the scale and extent of the proposed development and the low level of visual impact, providing landscaping which is adequate to screen the entire subject site is not considered practical. In addition, establishment of trees and or strands of vegetation would create additional shading of the solar arrays. The direct consequence of increased shading for the project will be a reduction in its efficiency. This will result in a reduction of generation and consequently have a negative impact on project returns.

Targeted landscaping may be established to support erosion control and improved amenity adjacent to car parking areas and control room/site office, but this is anticipated to be minimal.

Proposed excavation and use of quarry material

Following initial consideration of the option of undertaking excavation of stone from adjacent to the existing quarry for construction of internal access tracks, it has now been decided that this option will be pursued as part of a separate process, at a later time, if required.

Indicative layout of the administration / car parking / laydown area

An indicative layout of the administration / car parking / laydown area (north of substation, adjacent Substation Road), which is referred to as the Administration and Controls Area in the Development Application, is attached.

It should be noted that this layout is indicative only and flexibility is sought in the approval to allow for an alternate layout (within the constraints of the 50 metre setback from Substation Road) if required. This indicative layout is intended to illustrate that the buildings and facilities required within the Administration and Controls Area can be located within the constraint of the 50 metre setback. The layout will be updated during detailed design.

Please let me know if you require further information or clarification.

Yours sincerely

Lara Daddow Project Manager 8424 3854 [email protected]

Attachment: Indicative layout of the Administration/Controls Area

2 Indicative Administration/Controls Area Layout Proposed Site Access Overview Substation Road Design Infrastructure

SHL Diesel Power Station Construction Zone

Property Boundary

Cadastre (approved - not yet deposited)

Administration/Controls Area, Including Car Parking O & M (Operation and Substation Road Maintainence) Laydown Area Buildings Car Parks

Laydown/Compound Area and Possible Battery Area (post diesel power station 0 100 200 construction) Facility Substation (seperate Metres DA)

m Diesel Plant (seperate DA) 0 5 Internal Roads

Jacobs does not warrant that this document is definitive nor free of error and does not accept liability for any loss caused or arising from reliance upon information provided herein.

GDA 1994 | Transverse Mercator A4 1:1,000

0 15 30

Metres

Adelaide

Equis Solar, Tailem Bend - IW133300

31/01/2017 5:09:52 PM hmcinerney F:\Projects\IW133300 Tailem Bend\Spatial_Data\ArcGIS\EquisSolar_LaydownBuildings_20170131.mxd Prepared by : HM Checked by : LD