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Antimicrobial Activities of Some Euphorbiaceae Plants Used in the Traditional Medicine of Akwa Ibom State of Nigeria
Ethnobotanical Leaflets 14: 654-64. 2010. Antimicrobial Activities of Some Euphorbiaceae Plants Used in the Traditional Medicine of Akwa Ibom State of Nigeria Uduak, A. Essiett1, Kola’, K. Ajibesin* 2 1 Department of Botany and Ecological studies, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria 2 Department of Pharmacognosy, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria *E-mail: [email protected] Issued: June 1, 2010 Abstract Nine plant species belonging to the Euphorbiaceae family and used in traditional medicine in Akwa Ibom State of Nigeria were evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial activity using agar diffusion method. The stem bark of Maesobotrya dusenii gave the most significant effect followed by its root bark. The inhibitory effect of M. dusenii stem bark extract (37 mm) on Pseudomonas aeruginosa was higher than that of Chloramphenicol (35 mm). However, Alchornea laxiflora leaf extract showed the weakest activity. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the extracts ranged between 12.5 and 250 µg/mL. The results of the antimicrobial effects validated the use of the plants to treat infections caused by these microorganisms. Key words: Euphorbiaceae; antimicrobial activities; traditional medicine; Akwa Ibom State; Nigeria. Introduction The Euphorbiaceae is the 4th largest family of the angiosperms comprising over 300 genera and about 7500 species distributed widely in tropical Africa (Gill, 1988). The euphorbiaceae plants are shrubs, trees, herbs or rarely lianas (Pandey, 2006). Many of them are xerophytes and cactoid and most often with milky latex. The family provides food (Pandey, 2006; Etukudo, 2003) and varied medicinal properties used in ethnobotany (Gill, 1988; Vasishta, 1974; Agbovie et al., 2002; Betti, 2004; Kubmarawa, 2007). -
Recursos Naturales - Referencias Bibliográficas
Recursos Naturales - Referencias Bibliográficas Nombre Nombre # Referencia Común Científico Afsar Shaik; Rupesh S Kanhere; Rajaram Cuddapah; Nelson Kumar S; Artemisa, Artemisia Prasanth Reddy Vara; Saisaran Sibyala. Antifertility activity of Artemisia 1 Mugwort vulgaris L. vulgaris leaves on female Wistar rats. Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2014, 12(3): 0180-0185 Diandra Araújo Luz, Alana Miranda Pinheiro; Mallone Lopes Silva; Marta Chagas Monteiro; Rui Daniel Prediger; Cristiane Socorro Ferraz Maia; Petiveria 2 Anamú Enéas Andrade Fontes-Júnior. Ethnobotany, phytochemistry and alliacea L. neuropharmacological effects of Petiveria alliacea L. (Phytolaccaceae): A review. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 185 (2016) 182–201 Plantago B. Vanaclocha; S. Cañigueral. Fitoterapia Vademécum de Prescripción. 4° 3 Llantén major L. Edición. p334-335 Turnera B. Vanaclocha; S. Cañigueral. Fitoterapia Vademécum de Prescripción. 3° 4 Damiana diffusa Wild. Edición. p178-179. var. Aesculus Castaño de B. Vanaclocha; S. Cañigueral. Fitoterapia Vademécum de Prescripción. 3° 5 hippocastanu Indias Edición. p172-175 m 1.- Chung-Hua Hsu & Col. The Mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill Extract Normalizes Liver Function in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. Volume 14, Number 3, 2008, pp. 299–301 2.- Diogo G. Valadares, Mariana C. Duarte, Laura Ramírez, Miguel A. Chávez-Fumagalli, Eduardo A.F. Coelho. Prophylactic or therapeutic administration of Agaricus blazei Murill is effective in treatment of murine visceral leishmaniasis. Experimental Parasitology, Volume 132, Issue 2, October 2012, Pages 228-236 6 Setas Agaricus blazei 3.- Chung-Hua Hsu & Col. The Mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill in Combination with Metformin and Gliclazide Improves Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, and Placebo- Controlled Clinical Trial. -
Title Evolutionary Relationships Between Pollination and Protective Mutualisms in the Genus Macaranga (Euphorbiaceae)( Dissertat
Evolutionary relationships between pollination and protective Title mutualisms in the genus Macaranga (Euphorbiaceae)( Dissertation_全文 ) Author(s) Yamasaki, Eri Citation 京都大学 Issue Date 2014-03-24 URL https://doi.org/10.14989/doctor.k18113 学位規則第9条第2項により要約公開; 許諾条件により本文 Right は2019-06-25に公開 Type Thesis or Dissertation Textversion ETD Kyoto University Evolutionary relationships between pollination and protective mutualisms in the genus Macaranga (Euphorbiaceae) Eri Yamasaki 2014 1 2 Contents 摘要.…………………………………………………………………………………..5 Summary.……………………………………………………………………………..9 Chapter 1 General introduction……………………………………………………………….14 Chapter 2 Diversity of pollination systems in Macaranga Section 2.1 Diversity of bracteole morphology in Macaranga ………………………….20 Section 2.2 Wind and insect pollination (ambophily) in Mallotus , a sister group of Macaranga …………..…………..……...…………..………………………...31 Section 2.3 Disk-shaped nectaries on bracteoles of Macaranga sinensis provide a reward for pollinators……………………………….………………………………...45 Chapter 3 Interactions among plants, pollinators and guard ants in ant-plant Macaranga Section 3.1 Density of ant guards on inflorescences and their effects on herbivores and pollinators…………………………………………………….......................56 Section 3.2 Anal secretions of pollinator thrips of Macaranga winkleri repel guard ants…….71 Chapter 4 General discussion.………………….……………………………………………...85 Appendix…………………………………………………………………….………89 Acknowledgement…………………………………………………………….…...101 Literature cited……………………………….…………………………………….103 -
Flora and Vegetation Characteristics of the Natural Habitat of the Endangered Plant Pterygopleurum Neurophyllum
diversity Article Flora and Vegetation Characteristics of the Natural Habitat of the Endangered Plant Pterygopleurum neurophyllum Hwan Joon Park 1,2,*, Seongjun Kim 1,* , Chang Woo Lee 1, Nam Young Kim 1, Jung Eun Hwang 1, Jiae An 1, Hyeong Bin Park 1, Pyoung Beom Kim 3 and Byoung-Doo Lee 1 1 Division of Restoration Research, Research Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology, Yeongyang 36531, Korea; [email protected] (C.W.L.); [email protected] (N.Y.K.); [email protected] (J.E.H.); [email protected] (J.A.); [email protected] (H.B.P.); [email protected] (B.-D.L.) 2 Department of Ecology Landscape Architecture-Design, Jeonbuk University, Iksan 54596, Korea 3 Wetland Center, National Institute of Ecology, Changnyeong 50303, Korea; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (H.J.P.); [email protected] (S.K.) Abstract: This study analyzed the flora, life form, and vegetation of the Nakdong River wetland. Vegetation analysis was performed on 37 plots using the phytosociological method of the Zürich- Montpellier School. PCA analysis was conducted by using the vegetation data (ground cover of class; 1~9) of 37 plots surveyed by phytosociological method. PCA (Principal Component Analysis) was used to statistically analyze the objectivity of the community classification and the character species. The traditional classification and mathematical statistic methods were used. A total of 82 taxa belonging to 28 families, 65 genera, 72 species, 2 subspecies, and 8 varieties were present in the vegetation of the survey area. The life form was analyzed to be the Th-R5-D4-e type. -
Ecological Report on Magombera Forest
Ecological Report on Magombera Forest Andrew R. Marshall (COMMISSIONED BY WORLD WIDE FUND FOR NATURE TANZANIA PROGRAMME OFFICE) Feb 2008 2 Contents Abbreviations and Acronyms 3 Acknowledgements 4 Executive Summary 5 Background 5 Aim and Objectives 5 Findings 6 Recommendations 7 Introduction 9 Tropical Forests 9 Magombera Location and Habitat 9 Previous Ecological Surveys 10 Management and Conservation History 11 Importance of Monitoring 14 Aim and Objectives 15 Methods 15 Threats 17 Forest Structure 17 Key Species 18 Forest Restoration 20 Results and Discussion 21 Threats 21 Forest Structure 25 Key Species 26 Forest Restoration 36 Recommendations 37 Immediate Priorities 38 Short-Term Priorities 40 Long-Term Priorities 41 References 44 Appendices 49 Appendix 1. Ministry letter of support for the increased conservation of Magombera forest 49 Appendix 2. Datasheets 50 Appendix 3. List of large trees in Magombera Forest plots 55 Appendix 4. Slides used to present ecological findings to villages 58 Appendix 5. Photographs from village workshops 64 3 Abbreviations and Acronyms CEPF Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund CITES Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species IUCN International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources TAZARA Tanzania-Zambia Railroad UFP Udzungwa Forest Project UMNP Udzungwa Mountains National Park WWF-TPO Worldwide Fund for Nature – Tanzania Programme Office 4 Acknowledgements Thanks to all of the following individuals and institutions: - CEPF for 2007 funds for fieldwork and report -
Chapter 6 ENUMERATION
Chapter 6 ENUMERATION . ENUMERATION The spermatophytic plants with their accepted names as per The Plant List [http://www.theplantlist.org/ ], through proper taxonomic treatments of recorded species and infra-specific taxa, collected from Gorumara National Park has been arranged in compliance with the presently accepted APG-III (Chase & Reveal, 2009) system of classification. Further, for better convenience the presentation of each species in the enumeration the genera and species under the families are arranged in alphabetical order. In case of Gymnosperms, four families with their genera and species also arranged in alphabetical order. The following sequence of enumeration is taken into consideration while enumerating each identified plants. (a) Accepted name, (b) Basionym if any, (c) Synonyms if any, (d) Homonym if any, (e) Vernacular name if any, (f) Description, (g) Flowering and fruiting periods, (h) Specimen cited, (i) Local distribution, and (j) General distribution. Each individual taxon is being treated here with the protologue at first along with the author citation and then referring the available important references for overall and/or adjacent floras and taxonomic treatments. Mentioned below is the list of important books, selected scientific journals, papers, newsletters and periodicals those have been referred during the citation of references. Chronicles of literature of reference: Names of the important books referred: Beng. Pl. : Bengal Plants En. Fl .Pl. Nepal : An Enumeration of the Flowering Plants of Nepal Fasc.Fl.India : Fascicles of Flora of India Fl.Brit.India : The Flora of British India Fl.Bhutan : Flora of Bhutan Fl.E.Him. : Flora of Eastern Himalaya Fl.India : Flora of India Fl Indi. -
Mustafa Din, Wardah (2014) a Phytochemical and Pharmacological Study of Acalypha Wilkesiana Var
Mustafa Din, Wardah (2014) A phytochemical and pharmacological study of acalypha wilkesiana var. macafeana hort. (euphorbiaceae juss.): antioxidant and antibacterial analyses. PhD thesis, University of Nottingham. Access from the University of Nottingham repository: http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/14069/1/THESIS_PhD_WMD.pdf Copyright and reuse: The Nottingham ePrints service makes this work by researchers of the University of Nottingham available open access under the following conditions. · Copyright and all moral rights to the version of the paper presented here belong to the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. · To the extent reasonable and practicable the material made available in Nottingham ePrints has been checked for eligibility before being made available. · Copies of full items can be used for personal research or study, educational, or not- for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way. · Quotations or similar reproductions must be sufficiently acknowledged. Please see our full end user licence at: http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/end_user_agreement.pdf A note on versions: The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher’s version. Please see the repository url above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription. For more information, please contact [email protected] A PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY OF Acalypha wilkesiana var. -
Carolina Martins Ioc Mest 2016.Pdf
INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ Mestrado em Biologia Celular e Molecular IDENTIFICAÇÃO MOLECULAR DE TRIPANOSSOMATÍDEOS DA COLEÇÃO DE PROTOZOÁRIOS DA FIOCRUZ (FIOCRUZ- COLPROT) Carolina Boucinha Martins Orientadora: Dra. Claudia Masini d’Avila Levy RIO DE JANEIRO 2016 INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Carolina Boucinha Martins IDENTIFICAÇÃO MOLECULAR DE TRIPANOSSOMATÍDEOS DA COLEÇÃO DE PROTOZOÁRIOS DA FIOCRUZ (FIOCRUZ- COLPROT) Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto Oswaldo Cruz como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de Mestre em Biologia Celular e Molecular Orientadora: Dra. Claudia Masini d’Avila Levy RIO DE JANEIRO 2016 i Ficha catalográfica elaborada pela Biblioteca de Ciências Biomédicas/ ICICT / FIOCRUZ - RJ M386 Martins, Carolina Boucinha Identificação molecular de Tripanossomatídeos da coleção de protozoários da Fiocruz (Fiocruz-Colprot) / Carolina Boucinha Martins. – Rio de Janeiro, 2016. xx, 178 f. : il. ; 30 cm. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, 2016. Bibliografia: f. 156-164 1. Identificação molecular. 2. Taxonomia. 3. Tripanossomatídeos. 4. Coleções biológicas. I. Título. CDD 579.84 ii INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Carolina Boucinha Martins IDENTIFICAÇÃO MOLECULAR DE TRIPANOSSOMATÍDEOS DA COLEÇÃO DE PROTOZOÁRIOS DA FIOCRUZ (FIOCRUZ- COLPROT) ORIENTADORA: Dra. Claudia Masini d’Avila Levy EXAMINADORES: Profª. Dra. Elisa Cupolillo - Presidente Profª. Dra. Marta Helena Branquinha de Sá Prof. Dr. André Luiz Rodrigues Roque Prof. Dr. Diogo Antonio Tschoeke- 1º suplente Prof. Dr. Márcio Galvão Pavan- 2º suplente Rio de Janeiro, 10 de outubto de 2016 iii DEDICATÓRIA Dedico este trabalho a minha família, namorado e amigos que, de uma certa forma, contribuíram para a conclusão deste trabalho. -
Revision and Phylogeny of <I>Acalypha</I
Blumea 55, 2010: 21–60 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/blumea RESEARCH ARTICLE doi:10.3767/000651910X499141 Revision and phylogeny of Acalypha (Euphorbiaceae) in Malesia V.G. Sagun1,2, G.A. Levin2, P.C. van Welzen3 Key words Abstract Twenty-eight species of Acalypha are recognized in Malesia. Acalypha paniculata is the sole member of subgenus Linostachys in Malesia and the rest of the species belong to subgenus Acalypha. Four previously Acalypha synonymized species are resurrected as distinct species, namely A. angatensis, A. cardiophylla var. cardiophylla, Euphorbiaceae A. grandis, and A. wilkesiana. Four species names are newly reduced to synonymy. The molecular phylogenetic Malesia analyses indicate that Acalypha is monophyletic, as is the subgenus Acalypha. The early-diverging lineages in the phylogeny genus, and its closest outgroup, consist of African species. The Malesian species do not form a monophyletic group although the molecular data strongly support two small clades within the region that are morphologically homogene- ous. The classification system that Pax and Hoffmann applied to subgenus Acalypha, which is based primarily on inflorescence morphology, appears to be unsatisfactory and incongruent with the phylogenetic analyses. Published on 16 April 2010 INTRODUCTION Molecular systematics confirms the placement of Acalypha in Acalyphoideae s.s. and shows a close relationship between Acalypha L. is the third largest genus in the Euphorbiaceae Acalypha and Mareya Baill. (Wurdack et al. 2005, Tokuoka s.s. after Euphorbia L., and Croton L., having about 450 spe- 2007). Their relationship is supported by similar morphologi- cies worldwide (Webster 1994, Radcliffe-Smith 2001). In the cal characteristics, including laciniate styles, pendulous anther Malesian region, 28 species of Acalypha are recognized herein. -
Of Equatorial Guinea (Annobón, Bioko and Río Muni)
Phytotaxa 140 (1): 1–25 (2013) ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ Article PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2013 Magnolia Press ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.140.1.1 Annotated checklist and identification keys of the Acalyphoideae (Euphorbiaceae) of Equatorial Guinea (Annobón, Bioko and Río Muni) PATRICIA BARBERÁ*, MAURICIO VELAYOS & CARLOS AEDO Department of Biodiversity and Conservation, Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014, Madrid, Spain. *E-mail: [email protected] Abstract This study provides a checklist of the Acalyphoideae (Euphorbiaceae) present in Equatorial Guinea, comprised of 18 genera and 49 taxa. Identification keys have been added for genera and species of the subfamily. The best represented genus is Macaranga with ten species. Bibliographical references for Acalyphoideae (Euphorbiaceae) from Equatorial Guinea have been gathered and checked. Eight taxa are recorded for the first time from the country. One species is included based on literature records, because its distribution ranges suggest it may occur in Equatorial Guinea, and two introduced species could be naturalized. Key words: biodiversity, flora, floristics, tropical Africa Introduction The Euphorbiaceae sensu stricto are one of the largest and most diverse plant families with over 246 genera and 6300 species. Additionally they are one of the most diversified angiosperm families. The circumscription and the systematic position of this family have been controversial (Webster 1994, Wurdack et al. 2005, Xi et al. 2012). Today Euphorbiaceae s.str. are subdivided into four subfamilies: Cheilosioideae, Acalyphoideae, Crotonoideae and Euphorbioideae (Radcliffe-Smith 2001, APG 2009). Acalyphoideae are the largest subfamily of Euphorbiaceae and have a pantropical distribution. -
A Case Study from the Peruvian Andes
plants Article Medicinal Plants for Rich People vs. Medicinal Plants for Poor People: A Case Study from the Peruvian Andes Fernando Corroto 1,2, Jesús Rascón 1 , Elgar Barboza 1,3 and Manuel J. Macía 2,4,* 1 Instituto de Investigación para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Calle Universitaria N◦ 304, Chachapoyas, Amazonas 01001, Peru; [email protected] (F.C.); [email protected] (J.R.); [email protected] (E.B.) 2 Departamento de Biología, Área de Botánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle Darwin 2, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain 3 Dirección de Desarrollo Tecnológico Agrario, Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria, Avenida La Molina N◦ 1981, Lima 15024, Peru 4 Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle Darwin 2, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-91-497-81-07 Abstract: Traditional knowledge (TK) of medicinal plants in cities has been poorly studied across different inhabitants’ socioeconomic sectors. We studied the small city of Chachapoyas (~34,000 in- habitants) in the northern Peruvian Andes. We divided the city into three areas according to the socio-economic characteristics of its inhabitants: city center (high), intermediate area (medium), and city periphery (low). We gathered information with 450 participants through semi-structured inter- views. Participants of the city periphery showed a higher TK of medicinal plants than participants of Citation: Corroto, F.; Rascón, J.; the intermediate area, and the latter showed a higher TK than participants of the city center. -
INTRODUCTION This Check List of the Plants of New Jersey Has Been
INTRODUCTION This Check List of the Plants of New Jersey has been compiled by updating and integrating the catalogs prepared by such authors as Nathaniel Lord Britton (1881 and 1889), Witmer Stone (1911), and Norman Taylor (1915) with such other sources as recently-published local lists, field trip reports of the Torrey Botanical Society and the Philadelphia Botanical Club, the New Jersey Natural Heritage Program’s list of threatened and endangered plants, personal observations in the field and the herbarium, and observations by other competent field botanists. The Check List includes 2,758 species, a botanical diversity that is rather unexpected in a small state like New Jersey. Of these, 1,944 are plants that are (or were) native to the state - still a large number, and one that reflects New Jersey's habitat diversity. The balance are plants that have been introduced from other countries or from other parts of North America. The list could be lengthened by hundreds of species by including non-persistent garden escapes and obscure waifs and ballast plants, many of which have not been seen in New Jersey since the nineteenth century, but it would be misleading to do so. The Check List should include all the plants that are truly native to New Jersey, plus all the introduced species that are naturalized here or for which there are relatively recent records, as well as many introduced plants of very limited occurrence. But no claims are made for the absolute perfection of the list. Plant nomenclature is constantly being revised. Single old species may be split into several new species, or multiple old species may be combined into one.