LIBRARY INSTITUTE FOR FISHERIES RESEARCH •1 University - Museums Annex Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104 ••1 MICHIGAN ., FISHERIES • ■ ■• ■ Bll'DIT ■ • 1871-1171 ■• • ■I -- ■•I . .. -- MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES LIBRARY INSTITUTE FOR FISHERIES RESEARCH University · Museums Annex Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104 I I I I ·� I I FISHERIES MANAGEMENT REPORT NO. 6 APRIL, 1974- I ;, I I I I MICHIGAN FISHERIES CENTENNIAL REPORT I 1873 - 1973 I I I COMPILED BY ·- I. OHR STAFF AND OTHERS I I I II' MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES I FISHERIES DIVISION STEVENS T. MASON BUILDING I LANSING, MICHIGAN �8926 I Preface I I I I I I I ",- . ; I ,·''�. .. ' . 1·-.�· •:.� I I Of Michigan's fishery resources, the sport fishery makes, by far, the greater contribution to the State's economy, and this has been I the case for perhaps the last 50 years. In planning the content of this Centennial volume, we tried for broad coverage of fish management and history, without, you might say, giving proportionate space to sport I fishing. In the above preface photos we call attention to the new, salmon, sport fishery and, at the same time, pay tribute to two former fishery I administrators: the late August Scholle, member of the Commission of the Department of Natural Resources--on left, with an 8-lb coho salmon--; and the late Dr. Ralph A. Mac Mullan, department Director. I Off Manistee, Sept. 4, 1970. Wayne H. Tody I -2- I II Ill MICHIGAN FISHERIES CENTENNIAL, 1873 - 1973 Table of Contents I Substantive Reports � Title Author Page On the history of trout planting and fish management in Michigan F. A. Westerman 15 Comments on fish management G. P. Cooper 39 Whitefish, sturgeon, and the early ■: Michigan commercial fishery W. H. Tody 45 Sport fishermen and licenses H. J. Vondett 61 Ii Michigan sport fishing regulations D. P. Borgeson 67 The productivity and regulation of I Michigan's commercial fisheries J. A. Scott 75 The introduction of fishes into Michigan W. C. Latta 83 The sea lamprey and its control R. W. Saalfeld and • J. H. Howell 97 A history of fish culture in Michigan H. Westers and • T. M. Stauffer 107 Lake and stream improvement D. E. Reynolds 126 • Public access on lakes and streams F. G. Fanselow 134 Fisheries research G. P. Cooper 141 • Biographical profiles C. M. Taube 153 Chronology of important events in Ill Michigan's fisheries history A. W. DeClaire 178 • Miscellanea Page Page Resolution by Legislature 4 Michigan record fish 42 ' Governor's declaration 5 Heddon award 43 Employee rosters 6 Commerce award 44 _, Commissioners 9 Historical markers 186 Division chiefs 11 Jerome letters 190 Administrative personnel 12 Centennial picnic 194 q Fish planting units 38 Acknowledgments 199 All Division chiefs 41 Photograph 200 II � Except where indicated otherwise in each report, all authors are currently employed in the Fisheries Division II -3- STATE OF MICHIGAN JOURNAL OF THE SENATE No. 100, pp. 1657-1658, 77th Lesiglature Regular Session of 1973 Senator Bouwsma offered the following concurrent resolution: Senate Concurrent Resolution No. 217. A concurrent resolution commemorating the 100th anniversary of the Department of Natural Resources Fisheries Division. Whereas, A century ago, on April 19, 1873, the State's first fish com­ mission was appointed. The same year the first fish hatchery in the State of I Michigan was built at Pokagon and named Crystal Springs for the clear water supply found there; and Whereas, The Michigan Fish Commission Board was established by I Public Act No. 124 of 1873, and the first members of the Board were Governor John H. Bagley; George Clark, a commercial fisherman from Ecorse; and George H. Jerome of Niles, who later became Michigan's first Chief of I Fisheries; and Whereas, The first Fish Commission was established primarily to promote the cultivation of fish for food rather than for sport, or recreation, I which led to the first attempts nationally to introduce Atlantic Salmon and chinook salmon in Michigan and the successful incubation of 200, 000 whitefish eggs at Pokagon in 1874; and I Whereas, The general concept of our fishery resources was one of inexhaustibility in the late 1800 1 s, the early fish commission recognized the perilous position of the Great Lakes food fishes and the Michigan grayling, I and made many valiant attempts to save these resources from becoming extinct; and I Whereas,. The development of the hatching jar by Oren M. Chase in 1879 and other major fish culture techniques in Michigan led to improvements which todays fish culturists across the world still benefit; and I Whereas, Over the years the fisheries program grew as more and more fish were planted in Michigan streams and in the Great Lakes. By 189 2 brook trout had been planted in all the counties of the Lower Peninsula except six, I and California rainbow trout and European brown trout had been introduced into Michigan streams; and Whereas, By the turn of the century, fish culture as a science was well I established in Michigan and had obtained considerable popularity. Today 1 s Fisheries Division ranks high among the nation I s fish management organiza­ tions. Its modern fish hatchery facilities and scientific management techniques I are a far cry from the early days when the first fish hatchery with hatching house and ponds cost a total of $1,200.00; now therefore be it Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives concurring), That I the members of the Michigan Legislature take this opportunity to congratulate the Fisheries Division of the Department of Natural Resources on the occasion of its 100th anniversary and to commend the Fisheries Division on the progress I and development in fish management it continues to make. Pending the order that, under rule 3 2, the concurrent resolution be referred to the Committee on Senate Business. I Senator Pittenger moved that rule 32 be suspended. The motion prevailed, a majority of the Senators serving having voted therefor. I Adopted by the Senate, October 24, 1973; by the House of Representatives, November 14, 1973. -4- I It I I �illinm (l). �illihen • <iouernor of tqe �tnte of �icqigan I presents t�is � xetutille :!9edaratin n I m @bserbance of August 18, 19-:-5 •: as .,'. :.IJCIIIGA,\ FISIJERIES DAY Michigan is blcsseJ \•dth one of the gre-Jt frcsh-1-.·atcr fisheries in the world. In lier Great Lakes and in her inlanJ lakes and streams 1s a living resource of con.s1<lcr2blc \·aric:t�· anJ untol<l health. It "'as in 1873 that a fish Commi.ssion ...,-:i.s first established by the Michigan Legislature, and this year m.'.lrks the 100th anniversary of • the State's management of th:it fishery . Early years of the century sak· introJuction of the- fish hatchery as a basic principle in the <lcvclop.1";1.ent of the fishery. Regulations for the control of sport and commercial fi5hinb were· introduced and became • keystones in protection of the resource . The century 1,,,as markeJ by Jrama.t ic events. Col lapse of the fishery of the Great Lakes during the 1940's �n<l 1950's was of disastrous propor­ tions. Far more Jramatic J however, \ioas the rehabilitation of that fishery -- an event which turneJ the final decaJes into an outst;:inJini� • victory in resource management. Therefore, I, i•iilliam G. Milliken, Governor of the State of �tic.higan, do hereby urge all citizens to join me in the observance of Mithig;:in Fisheries Day. and t 1J become more keenly aware of our State's unique ' fishery resource. Gi�en un d�r mv han<l on this thirteenth day of Au.gust in the �·car of Our lorJ one thousand ninC' hunJrcJ 5evcntY-thre(· Ill anJ of the Coremoni-.·ca 1th one hunircd ' th1 rt: -sc·vL�11th. ' II ' -· -� . ' - . --··•· ----- .... � I -5- fl THE FIRST FISH COMMISSION EMPLOYEES 1873-187 5 The first biennium G. H. Jerome A. J. Kellogg::."' • J. P. Clark Charles Michael N. W. Clark E. R. Miller >:, I ::.'<Commissioners reimbursed for some expenses FISHERIES DIVISION EMPLOYEES 1921, about Mid-Centennial (First year of the new Department of Conservation) Central Office Mill Creek Sta. Drayton Plains Sta. Detroit Station Seymour Bower A. E. Host J. L. Brass E. D. Scheu Dwight Lydell T. W. Bonser Walter Hughes A. T. Stewart A. Brown Harrietta Station Genevieve Forbes Richard Host Grayling Station J. H. Westerman I Ethel Fraser Henry Kremers P. G. Zalsman John Collins John McEwan Charles Craig B. F. Craig Paris Station Frank Tubbs A. W. Harrington C. W. Craig I Oliver Palmer Leslie Harrington J. H. Larcom Manistee R. Sta. Ed Coligan Frank Lydell Chas. Davenport Jess Parker Earl Whipple Sault Ste. Marie Sta. ·1 John Donley M. J. Bailey Frank Whipple M. J. DeBoer Harry Gettings Jesse Clements Elsie Zalsman Rose Barry G. C. Mapletoft E. Hamilton I William W oodhall M. M. Marks Walter Hamilton Oden Station Sadie Thompson Jess Parker Henry Johnson Charles Plumb John Romine I S. P. See Benton Harbor Sta. Chas. Switzer Harrisville Station F. J. Host Webb Terry Frank Horr G. W. Colwell A. J. Wolcott I Sherman Wilson Bay Port Station 11 1 Fish Car Wolverine ' Calvin Cherritree Hastings Station Richard Host F. A. Westerman John Hang I Claude Lydell Byron Aldrich Joseph Duchene Kenneth Morford I I I -6- MICHIGAN'S FISHERIES CENTENNIAL • ROSTER OF EMPLOYEES DURING 1973 11 Governor William G. Milliken Lt. Governor James H. Brickley STATE SENATE II STANDING COMMITTEE STA TE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ON CONSERVATION, ENV I­ STANDING COMMITTEE ON CONSERVATION I RONMENT AND TOURISM AND RECREATION Gordon Rockwell(R)Chm.