MAY 4, 1973 25 CENTS VOLUME 37/NUMBER 17

A SOCIALIST NEWSWEEKLY/PUBLISHED IN THE INTERESTS OF THE WORKING PEOPLE Calif. unions show the way_

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-pages 9-12

The April 28 rally in San Francisco, spon­ sored by the United Labor Action Committee, has been called to protest the "highest prices in history; wage controls; five million unem­ ployed; unequal taxes that favor the rich; Socialist answer to rising prices $8 billion cutback in health and social ser­ vice programs." To solve these problems, The Militant be­ lieves that the following program should be implemented:

Protect workers against high prices Workers are not responsible for inflation. The capitalist rulers of this country lie when they try to shift the blame for inflation onto the backs of the working class. Inflation is a permanent feature of modern capitalist econ­ omy. It is exacerbated by deficit government spending for war. Working people need protection against inflation. But we can't count on the govern­ ment for this. Price controls administered by the capitalist government are a fraud. This was the lesson of Phase 1 and Phase 2, when prices continued to go up but wages were held down. e To protect workers against inflation, the unions should fight for cost-of-living esca­ lator clauses in every contract, so that wages go up to keep pace with rising prices. e Such escalator clauses should also be included in Social Security and other retire­ ment benefits, so that retired workers can have an income secure from the effects of inflation. e Instead of relying on the government's Consumer Price Index, which lags far behind the actual increase in prices, unions and con­ sumer groups should organize their own price-watch committees to document and ex­ pose the real rate of inflation. e End all wage controls. Workers des­ .Ill perately need wage boosts to catch up with White House,April18. SuPQorters of Nat'l Consumers Congress protest high Continued on page J0 cost of meat. COnsumers Congress set May 5 as Nat'l Day of Protest. ' -page- 10 In Brief OK NOT TO SAY PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE: Last LAND OR DEATH: 'EXTREMELY IMPORTANT': Hugo fall, Theodore Goetz, an honor student and president of Blanco's Land or Death: The Peasant Struggle in Peru his class at Shaker High School in Latham, N.Y., re­ (Pathfinder Press, 1972, $6.95, paper $2.45) has been THIS fused to stand for the pledge of allegiance because "there selected as an outstanding academic book for 1973 by isn't liberty and justice for all in the United States." He Choice magazine, a major U. S. publishing journal and WEEK'S was threatened with suspension unless he stood for the organ of the Association of College and Research libraries. pledge. He claimed he had a First Amendment right to A review of Land or Death in the February 1973 issue MILITANT remain seated. Last week, the U. S. Second Circuit Court of Choice, on which the selection was partly based, states: of Appeals ruled that a student may not be forced to stand "Blanco, Trotskyist leader of an early. 1960s peasant 3 Watergate: Nixon's or leave the classroom during the pledge. movement near Cuzco, Peru, has written an extremely im­ the one A few days earlier, the Supreme Court had declined to portant primary· document. . . . Blanco's descriptions of 4 Nixon threatens review a decision reinstating Susan Russo, a high school the movement itself, formation of a party apparatus (an Hanoi in effort to res­ art teacher, who was fired for refusing to say the pledge admitted failu.re), schisms in the Peruvian left, and the of allegiance in her classroom, "as a matter of decision to use armed force are excellent. One important cue Lon Nol conscience.'' aspect of the work is Blanco's account of divisions be­ 5 NCLC attacks Columbia tween Trotskyites and the Peruvian Communist party ( re­ meeting RAZA UNIDA PARTY RUNS FOR SCHOOL BOARD: ferred to as Stalinists), including Communist attempts to 11 Unions and anti-inflation Three candidates of the Colorado Raza Unida Party an­ sabotage the peasant movement. ... A must for all under­ fight nounced April 12 that they will run in the May 15 elec­ graduate and graduate libraries." 12 Food monopolies reap tion for the Denver board of education. They are Antonio Reviews of Land or Death have also appeared in other Archuleta, Nita Aleman, and Madeline Navarro. All three U.S. journals, including Publishers Weekly, Library Jour­ record profits are Denver Chicano activists. Archuleta is a teacher at nal, the Union of Radical Latin Americanists Newsletter, 13 U.S. plots vs. Allende the Escuela Tlatelolco and Colegio Tlatelolco. Aleman and Perspective. traced to '64 teaches classes at the Escuela Tlatelolco. 14 Black workers in CORONA TO SPEAK AT IMMIGRATION CON­ Atlanta continue strike BROOKLYN COLLEGE HOLDS MIDEAST TEACH-IN: FERENCE: Bert Corona, leader of the struggle against A precedent was set at the predominantly pro-Israel Brook­ 15 UFW fights treachery deportation of undocumented workers in Los Angeles, will lyn College campus with a broadly sponsored teach-in be the featured speaker at a conference on that subject by Teamster chiefs on the Middle East held there April 11. Between 200 to to be held in San Antonio, Texas, May 11-13. The con­ 16 The frame-up of Gary 250 people attended the event. ference, sponsored by the National Coalition for Defense Lawton Pro-Palestinian speakers included Peter Buch, author of Immigrant Workers and Their Families, will take place 17 Dixon launches SWP of Burning Issues of the Mideast Crisis and a member at the Centro Cultural Ruben Salazar, 400 Garner St. Detroit mayor race of the Socialist Workers Party; Fawzi Al-Asmar, an Israeli­ For more information contact Mario Cantu at 325 S. Arab poet and leader of the Committee for Human Rights 18 Why Zionists opposed Pecos, San Antonio, Texas 78207. in Israel; and Emmanuel• Farjoun, an Israeli mathema­ 'open door' to victims tician associated with Matzpen (Marxist), newspaper of the DR. HOWARD LEVY FINALLY VICTORIOUS: Three of fascism revolutionary anti-Zionists in Israel. Barry Liben, execu­ weeks ago we reported that Article 134 of the Uniform 19 Is the CP moving tive director of Betar; Tzvi Briks, executive director of the Code of Military Justice, often used against antiwar Gls, left? United Zionist Revisionists USA; and Gilead Freund of was ruled unconstitutional. On April 18, Article 134 and a 21 20,000 Young Socialists the Committee for the Rescue of Jews in Arab Lands, companion articie, 133, were again declared unconsti­ spoke for the pro-Zionist side. tutional, as the U.S. Third Circuit Court of Ap­ sold The teach-in was originally scheduled for December of peals in Philadelphia overturned the conviction of Howard 24 Abolish STRESS unit last year, but the Zionists suddenly withdrew. Dennis Levy, who had been court-martialed in 1967. now! Brasky reports that in discussions regarding the teach-in Levy was one of the first antiwar soldiers to be court­ then, some Zionist leaders, including the president of the martialed. He refused to provide medical training to 2 In Brief Jewish Defense League, actually admitted to him that "we Special Forces troops bound for Vietnam. He also spoke 6 In Our Opinion have nothing to gain and everything to lose by a debate. out openly against the war. He was charged with dis­ We want to keep this issue on an emotional level!" obeying an order, with making public statements pro­ Letters moting "disloyalty and disaffection among the troops," FARAH BOYCOTT SUPPORTERS PICKET DEPART­ 7 National Picket Line and making "disloyal" statements to enlisted men. MENT STORE: Militant correspondent Arturo Ramirez La Raza en Accion The court ruled that by linking the charge of disobey­ reports from Detroit that more than 500 trade unionists ing an order with the unconstitutional articles 133 8 Great Society picketed the. H. L. Hudson department store there last and 134, the Army had prejudiced the case. The Army Women in Revolt week in support of the Farah pants boycott. Hudson's has 90 days to grant Levy a new trial on the disobedience By Any Means Neces­ has refused to stop selling Farah pants despite the na­ charge alone. tional boycott. sary Levy had already served· two years of a three year Dolores Reyes and Maria Luisa Hernandez, who are 17 Campaigning for Social­ sentence when he was released on bail in 1969. In a state­ currently on a national tour to get support for the strike, ism ment, Levy said, "Very few people agreed with my posi­ described conditions in the plants and blasted the com­ tion at the time, but it's become clear that the United 20 /n Review pany for refusing to recognize the union as the official States was u~ing medicine for political purposes in South 21 American Way of Life bargaining agent of the workers. The Farah workers, Vietnam, and that was immoral." 85 percent of whom are Chicanas, have been on strike His case was handled by the American Civil Liberties since May 1972. Among the pickets was United Auto WORLD OUTLOOK Union. 1 Biggest actions since Workers Secretary-Treasurer Emil Mazey. -MIRTA VIDAL May 1968 in France GAY BILL TO BE VOTED ON SOON: A bill that would 2 'Le Monde' evaluates bar discrimination against homosexuals in employment, French student move­ housing, and public accommodations is scheduled to be . ment voted on by the General Welfare Committee of the New YOUR fiRST 3 World News Notes York city council on April 27. The bill, Intro 4 7 5, must be 4 Chilean workers orga­ passed by the committee before the full council can act ISSUI? on it. It has been defeated twice in the past. Gay Activist nize distribution Alliance members, who have been pressing for passage of the bill, say they now have a written pledge of support SUBSCRIBI THE MILITANT from a majority of the committee and a majority of coun­ cil members. They are optimistic that it will pass. VOLUME 37/NUMBER 17 TDTHI MAY 4, 1973 SCHOOL BOARD CANDIDATE NOT OLD ENOUGH?: CLOSING NEWS DATE-APRIL 25, 1973 Scott Cooper, 15, a sophomore at Ossining (N.Y.) High School, has announced he will challenge a New York MILITANT Editor: MARY-ALICE WATERS •For nationwide reports on price protests by consumers Business Manager: SHARON CABANISS state law requiring school board candidates to be 18. and trade unionists; Southwest Bureau: HARRY RING Cooper, an antiwar activist and coordinator of the Move­ ment for United Student Action, filed petitions as a can­ •For an analysis of who is responsible for the high cost Published weekly by The Militant Publishing Ass'n., didate for the May 2 school board elections but was told of eating; 14 Charles Lane, New York, N.Y. 10014. Phone: Ed­ he would not get on the ballot unless he could prove he •And for a socialist program to fjght inflation. itorial Office (211) 243-6392; Business Office (212) 929-3486. Southwest Bureau: 11071/2 N. Western was 18. Ave., Los Angeles, Calif. 90029. Phone: (213) 463- The Committee for Democratic Election Laws (CoDEL) ( ) $1 for three months of The Militant. 1917. is supporting Cooper's right to run. "The issue here," ( ) $2 for three months of The Militant and three months Correspondence concerning subscriptions or changes said CoDEL National Secretary Judy Baumann, "is who of the International Socialist Review. of address should be addressed to The Militant Busi­ should decide if Cooper has the requisite qualifications for ( ) $5 for one year of The Militant ness Office, 14 Charles Lane, New York, N.Y. 10014. ( ) New ( ) Renewal Second-doss postage paid at New York, N.Y. Sub­ the school board. We believe that the voters of Ossining scription: Domestic, S5 a year; foreign, $8. By first­ can best determine who can represent them." Baumann class mail: domestic and Canada, S25; all other coun­ and David Schwab, Cooper's lawyer, spoke on his be­ NAME------tries, S41. Air printed matter: domestic and Canada, half at an April 18 public meeting of the board of educa­ ADDRESS~.------­ $32; Latin America and Europe, $40; Africa, Australia, CITY STATE ZIP------Asia (including USSR), $50. Write for sealed air pos­ tion. Schwab said he would move to have the courts 14 Charles Lane, New York, N.Y. 10014. tage rates. overturn the age requirement and seek an order placing Signed articles by contributors do not nece5sorily Cooper's name on the ballot. represent The Militanfs ·views. These ore expressed in editorials.

2 IATIRGATI= 101 lORI THAIIVIR, NIXON'S THI ONI

By PETER SEIDMAN special White House investigation into Watergate. to the Teapot Dome scandal under President Hard­ On April 17, President Nixon appeared at a Further, he has agreed to permit his aides to testify ing in the 1920s. hurriedly summoned press conference to an­ under oath before a special Senate committee In an interview with the Christian Science Moni­ nounce that "major developments" had come to headed by Sam Ervin (D-N. C.). This represents tor published April 11, Goldwater explained that light in a new investigation of the Watergate a reversal of his position that he could invoke "if the President doesn't clear up Watergate soon, scandal that he personally had ordered. "executive privilege" to prevent any one of the 2.5 the incident will seriously disadvantage GOP candi­ These new developments meant, Nixon said, that million employees of the executive branch from dates all over the country next year and prevent he was no longer ready to deny that White House testifying before Congress. a Republican from succeeding Mr. Nixon in the staff members were involved in a campaign of Former White House staff member William Safire, White House." political espionage and sabotage conducted by writing in the April 19 New York Times, says, "This Even Spiro Agnew, his eye on the 1976 Republi­ agents of the Committee to Re-Elect the President is not a tragic moment for Mr. Nixon, nor a sad can presidential nomination, has taken his distance (CREEP) against the Democrats during the 1972 day for democracy; on the contrary, for people from his boss. Agnew says he's "appalled" by elections. who want all Presidents to succeed, this is a mo­ what's happening, but can't speak out because Nixon's announcement signaled that Watergate ment to take heart. For all players in the game of of his place in "the team." had come a long way from being merely a "caper" politics, as well as for Richard Nixon, this is come­ And the latest Gallup Poll, taken April 6-9, re­ to a full-fledged scandal for the U. S. government. back time-and when it comes to comebacks, the veals that Nixon's popularity has fallen 14 per­ The highest 'officials of the Nixon administration world's leading expert has just made his centage points since the late January Vietnam are implicated in an ·affair that, as Peregrine appearance on the right side of the Watergate in­ "peace'' announcement -five points in the first week Worsthorne, a pro-Nixon conservative British vestigation." of April alone. columnist says, "suggests a standard of values in Safire expects a level of stupidity on the part of the White House formerly associated only with the his readers consistent with the contempt in which However, far more is at stake for the Democratic presidential palaces of Latin-American banana the capitalist rulers of this country hold the masses and Republican party politicians than the republics, by comparison with which the conduct of people. individual prestige of one or another candidate of the Mafia is made to seem positively In fact, Nixon's turnabout was not a "comeback" or officeholder. What fs at stake is the confidence dignified. . . ." for the "democratic system." Rather, it resulted from of the masses of people in the capitalist government Nixon's announcement was intended, of course, fear that the increasing national revulsion with the as a whole. It was when the polls began to show to focus attention on his subordinates -who, he scandal will seriously damage public confidence that the Watergate revelations were leading to a implies, have been covering up the sordid Water­ in that system and the Republican and Democratic "broader feeling of distrust for the government" gate mess. parties that administer it. that the politicians suddenly and dramatically pre­ This has produced, according to officials quoted , Nixon got this message from top GOP politicians tended to oppose what had happened. in the April 23 New York Times, an "every man who were scurrying away from him as fast as his Tactics such as espionage and sabotage of politi­ for himself' spirit in the White House. Presidential administrative assistants were scurrying to cover cal opponents are commonly accepted practice for aides have begun to scurry to cover up their up their own tracks at each other's expense. the U. S. government. These methods are regularly tracks, hurling accusations at each other to divert In a survey conducted for the Wall Street Journal used against radical opponents of the war in Indo­ attention from themselves. "'The Haldeman­ and reported on April 6, before Nixon's turn­ china; against Black, Chicano, and Puerto Rican Ehrlichman side of the White House is in open around, it was reported that 54 percent of those activists; and against militants in the trade-union warfare with the Mitchell-Dean side,' said a senior polled believed the White House was trying to movement. adviser to President Nixon.... 'It is a brutal cover up the Watergate trail. "Something's rotten The capitalist government in Washington regular­ battle.'" in Denmark, and it seems to me the President is ly uses spies and violence against nations all over The press is full of reports that indictments may trying to keep it quiet," said one voter. the world. And spying and sabotage are a routine be handed down against top administration of­ feature of the conduct of all multinational U.S. ficials, including former attorney general and And the April 16 Washington Post quoted one corporations. Take, for example, the activities of Nixon campaign manager John Mitchell; presiden­ woman, previously a solid Nixon supporter, who ITT in Chile. tial counsel John Dean; White House chief of staff explained her reaction to Watergate this way: "I've .The truth is, Democratic and Republican officials H. R. Haldeman; former White House aide J eb become disillusioned and extremely cynical these are upset about Watergate not because espionage, Stuart Magruder; CREEP finance director Maurice past months. I guess I understand better how the sabotage, and corruption in high places disturb Stans; and others. young people have felt about the government. them, but because people found out about it! One fact, which the New York Times calls "the When they're even using the sacrosanct FBI for For when masses of people lose their illusions imponderable question," becomes unavoidable. their purposes, wow! It's getting pretty bad when in the honesty of the government, it becomes harder Either President Nixon was personally involved in you can't trust the President." and harder for the capitalist minority to pretend the Watergate planning and cover-up, or he has The Post found that "invariably, the Watergate its rule is in the interests of the majority. surroupded himself with the kind of people who case is associated in people's minds with a broader The use of slogans like "law and order'' to win take it for granted that he will approve of such feeling of distrust for the government." support for racist and antilabor capitalist police activities. And this pressure began to alarm the vote­ forces and courts is severely undermined when top The avalanche of revelations about the Water­ conscious officials of the Republican Party. The government officials are caught conspiring with gate case has forced a number of top officials Wall Street Journal poll, for example, found that veterans of the Bay of Pigs invasion and other to admit that past statements of their's were lies. "nearly one out of five of the key independent unsavory types for purposes of breaking and Nixon no longer says "categorically," as he did or 'swing' voters, whose ballots determine many entering, bugging, and political sabotage. Aug. 29, 1972, that "no one in the White House elections, say they might turn against Republican The Watergate scandal has dramatically widened staff, no one in this Administration, presently em­ candidates; and two out of 11 Republican voters the "credibility gap" originally created by Washing­ ployed, was involved.... " say the same." It is this, and not the campaign ton's lies about the Vietnam war. Mitchell has completely reversed his March 29, of sabotage and espionage that has Republican Nixon's "honorable peace" is rapidly crumbling 1973, statement that "I deeply resent the slanderous Party officials upset. in Indochina and opposition to the adminis­ and false statements about me concerning the Democrat John Connally, a key Nixon sup­ tration's wage controls is mounting as prices con­ Watergate matter. I have previously denied any porter, has delayed his announced switch to the tinue to soar. Nixon, n0w -more than ever -will prior knowledge of our involvement in the Water­ Republican Party in the light of the Watergate want to discourage the people of the U.S. from gate affair and again reaffirm such denials." scandal. Barry Goldwater, conservative Re­ taking independent action against his policies. But ~ixon now says he has appointed Henry Peter­ publican leader, has called on Nixon to "getrid it gets harder and harder for him to do this by son, an assistant attorney general, to head a of the smell" of the episode, which he compared saying, "Trust me, instead."

THE MILITANT/MAY 4, 1973 3 Nixon threatens Hanoi in effort Ellsberg to rescue Lon Nol dictatorship tells why From Intercontinental Press U.S. could By ALLEN MYERS In the brief space of four days, the Nixon administration has taken three notwinwar major steps in the reescalation of the By HAYDEN PERRY Indochina war. Between April 16 and APRIL 20- The defense in the Pen­ 19, Nixon: e renewed the bombing of Laos tagon papers trial completed its tes­ with strikes by B-52s and fighter­ timony and rested its case yesterday. bombers; The prosecution is now calling a num­ e halted the clearing of mines from ber of rebuttal witnesses. This is ex­ North Vietnamese harbors; pected to take another week, after e resumed aerial reconnaissance which the case will go to the jury. flights over North Vietnam. Daniel Ellsberg resumed his testi­ Both the logic of these moves and mony April 16. He wanted to give public statements by the Nixon ad­ further reasons for his copying the ministration indicated that the actions Pentagon papers, but Judge Matthew were a deliberate threat to Hanoi. Byrne wouldn't permit it. Byrne said Their message was: Acquiesce in U.S. the motive for an alleged criminal attempts to roll back the Indochinese act was immaterial. revolution or face the possibility of Later, however, Ellsberg was per­ renewed bombing raids or other acts mitted to testify as to why he believed of war against North Vietnam. the U. S. was not hurt by publication On April 16 and 17, U. S. planes of the papers. He told the court the bombed villages and other populated U. S. could not have been injured be­ areas of Laos around Tha Vieng, cause the Pentagon papers simply de­ southeast of the Plaine des J arres. The scribed the realities of the situation New York Times quoted the Pathet in Vietnam. Lao radio as saying that "As the pop­ Among the "realities" he cited was ulation of Xieng Khouang was joy­ the fact that the war originated in ously celebrating the traditional Lao­ "a French effort at the military re­ tian New Year, the aggressive author- conquest of a former colony," an ef­ . ities of Washington sent their B-52 that was "opposed by the vast ma­ strategic bombers, which made three jority of the people of Vietnam." sorties over villages 15 kilometers Only a trickle of supplies reaches Phnom Penh via Mekong River because of encircle­ Second, Ellsberg noted, the papers south of the city of Xieng Khouang, ment by rebels. show that the U. S.-supported Saigon causing numerous losses in human regimes were "narrow-based, corrupt, lives and property." Several hours 'understanding' with Hanoi obligating U.S. officials say a substantial unrepresentative regimes which had later, according to the radio, addi­ them to do so. amount of money is drawn for that essentially no support in Vietnam tional planes attacked the same area. "e Failure to use their influence on division's ghost soldiers. Both broth­ other than the soldiers and officials On April 17, U.S. naval forces the Pathet Lao to move· promptly to­ ers are known to have large bank that we hired with our money to sup­ abruptly ·halted the clearing of mines ward formation of a coalition govern­ accounts in France, Switzerland and port it. ..." from Haiphong harbor.. Removal of ment in Laos. The Laotian cease-fire Hong Kong." Third, he said the papers showed the mines is required by the January of Feb. 22 envisages a coalition, but Kramer quoted a U. S. embassy of­ the U.S. could not "win" the Vietnam 27 Vietnam cease-fire agreement, but the North Vietnamese regulars in Laos ficial as saying, "The corruption in war "because the portion of people the work has been carried out at a do not have to leave until 60 days Phnom Penh infects everything within who were actively resisting our pres­ snail's pace and is still far from com­ after the coalition is in place." 50 kilometers." The statement may ence was so dedicated to removing pletion. have been an exaggeration: The in­ foreign influence- our own-from Then on April 20, Pentagon offi­ It would be difficult to imagine a fluence of the puppet regime appears that country, so well led, so confident cials told reporters that U. S. planes blunter description of what Nixon not to reach that far from the capital. and had so much sympathy in the had resumed reconnaissance flights means by "peace with honor." The Kramer, in fact, estimates that the rest of the population, that there was over North Vietnam-again in direct North Vietnamese are being told that "government" controls only 20 percent no way for us to destroy them with­ violation of the cease-fire agreement. they must abandon the South Viet­ of Cambodia's territory. out destroying all of the population Nixon spokesmen publicly threat­ namese liberation forces to the mer­ In a long dispatch from Pnompenh of South Vietnam and occupying with ened even more aggressive actions. cies of Nguyen Van Thieu, force the to the April 22 New York Times, our troops every piece of that terri­ For example, Bernard Gwertzman Pathet Lao into a junior partnership Mark Gayn wrote that the atmosphere tory, which the American people, the wrote in the April 21 New York with the U.S. puppet regime, and force there was "like Shanghai on the eve papers indicated, were not going to Times: the Cambodian insurgents to settle of Chiang Kai-shek's defeat." allow." "Secretary of Defense Elliot L. Rich­ with Lon Nol, the "mayor of Pnom­ Among other forms of corruption, Ellsberg concluded by saying that ardson said in an interview that the penh," who appears in increasing dan­ Gayn reported, there is a lively traffic his hope in disclosing the Pentagon Administration was seeking by its lat­ ger of losing even that precarious in U. S.-supplied armaments: papers was that the information est actions 'to send a message' to post. "According to knowledgeable West­ "might give Congress [the) self-confi­ Hanoi through means other than dip­ Nixon, it should be noted, is ask­ ern sources, some generals at the front dence to act to end the war." lomatic protests. ing the North Vietnamese to do for are selling their U. S.-supplied ammu­ The last witness called by the de­ "He said that Hanoi should inter­ U.S. imperialism what it has not been nition to the Communists, who fense was Richard Falk, professor of pret the moves as 'signals of possible able to do for itself. His most imme­ promptly fire it back at the Govern­ international law at Princeton Univer­ retaliatory action.' He also said that diate concern is undoubtedly Cambo­ ment troops. The Communists also sity. Defense attorney Leonard Boudin Administration officials had in the dia, where the thoroughly corrupt Lon purchase from the generals the essen­ asked him whether he believed any past not foreclosed the possibility tha:t Nol regime appears as likely to col­ tials their armed forces need, includ­ violations of international law were the United States might 'invoke more lapse from the weight of its own ve­ ing rice and fuel." revealed in the Pentagon papers. How- extreme measures.'" nality as from the attacks of the lib­ It is this gang of thieves that Nix­ Continued on page 22 For the sake of domestic public con­ eration forces. on wants the North Vietnamese to sumption, Nixon of course attempted After considerable arm-twisting by prop up by using their "influence" over to justify his violations of the agree­ U.S. diplomats, Lon Nol on April 18 the Cambodian liberation forces. Evert ment by means of alleged North Viet­ announced preliminary moves toward if they were so inclined, however, it namese violations. This has been a setting up a "government" to include is unlikely that Hanoi's "influence" continual propaganda theme since members of the "loyal opposition," reaches that far. Despite the Nixon January 27. It is instructive, however, most notably Sirik Matak, the Nixon administration's propaganda, which to look at_the specifics of these charges. administration's favorite. It was an­ portrays the war as the result of Gwertzman wrote in the April 22 New nounced that Lon Non, Lon Nol's "North Vietnamese aggression," even York Times: brother and the reputed strong man some U. S. bourgeois papers have be­ "What the Administration accuses the of the shrinking dictatorship, would gun to point out that the rebel forces North Vietnamese of is: be sent on a diplomatic mission to are made up almost entirely of Cam­ "e Large-scale infiltration of men Washington. bodians. Malcolm W. Browne wrote and supplies into South Vietnam. The If Nixon does finally force a re­ in the . April 21 New York Times of Paris accord bars entry of additional shuffling of the Pnompenh "govern­ a surprising confession by U. S. of­ troops into the South and permits only ment," it seems unlikely to accomplish ficials in Pnompenh: one-for-one replenishment of worn-out much more than a redistribution of "Official American sources here said weapons. the available graft. "The corruption," today [April 20) that since the Viet­ "e Failure to use their influence on Barry Kramer wrote in the April 16 nam cease-fire three months ago, there the Cambodian insurgents to help Wall Street Journal, "reaches to the has been no documented evidence that bring about a cease-fll'e in Cambodia. highest levels. Lon Non ... is com­ Vietnamese Communist troops are Henry Kissinger claims he had an mander of the Third Division, and serving in combat roles in Cambodia."

Defense attorney leonard Boudin

4 Protests mount against 'Labor Committee' violence NCLC hooligans attack Columbia meeting By DOUG JENNESS Attempts to convince the organizers NEW YORK, April 24 -About 60 of the meeting, the Columbia Univer­ hooligans from the National Caucus sity student Board of Managers, that of Labor Committees ( NCLC) unsuc­ this was a serious threat and that cessfully tded to storm the platform NCLC disrupters should be excluded at a meeting of mayoral candidates from the meeting, were unsuccessful. at Columbia University last night. About 20 minutes before the meet­ This was the most serious in the re­ ing began, the NCLC hooligans came cent series of physical attacks the into the meeting together. One of the NCLC has launched against the Com­ thugs carried some long clubs con­ munist Party and the Socialist Work­ cealed in a blanket. One of the de­ ers Party. fense leaders and the organizers of The NCLC hoodlums were prevent­ the meeting persuaded him to leave ed from physically harming State As­ before the meeting began. Other NCLC semblyman Albert Blumenthal, con­ thugs wore rings over leather gloves. tender for the Democratic nomination; When Storey arrived, the NCLC Rasheed Storey, Communist Party hooligans started screaming, "Scab! candidate; and Joanna Misnik, So­ Scab!" In their frenzy, some of them cialist Workers Party candidate for yelled out right-wing epithets like city council president who was speak­ "Commie scab! Commie scab!" ing for Norman Oliver, SWP candi­ Others screamed that Storey was a date for mayor. fascist and in cahoots with Philadel­ Members of the Socialist Workers phia Mayor Frank Rizzo. Some of Party, Young Socialist Alliance, and them continued their yelling even while the Communist Party, as well as some Chaitkin presented an incoherent and Columbia University students, defend­ frenzied tirade against the Communist ed the platform. Party and Rasheed Storey. The NCLC goons, however, were This reporter talked to several peo­ successful in breaking up the meet­ ple at the meeting who have attended ing. Armed with clubs, num-chucks NCLC public functions recently. They (jointed sticks), and brass knuckles, indicated that they had never before · they started to rush the stage imme- seen many of the NCLC members at Columbia Spectator_ last night's meeting. These particular · Armed attack by 'labor Committee' disrupted a 'meet the mayoral candidates' meet­ A leaflet headlined "You will not members looked the most like thugs. ing at Columbia University in New York. goon for the CP!" and signed by They were the ones who led the shout­ the National Caucus of Labor ing and the charge on the stage. It Committees was passed out April is clear that the NCLC' s public pol­ icy of physically trying to eliminate meeting. ~his was a defeat for the at the D\1 Bois School of Marxist 24. It concludes with an explicit radical organizations like the CP and right of political candidates to express Studies, which is part of the Free "warning"to the Socialist Workers the SWP has opened the door for po­ their views and for students at Co­ School at Georgetown University in Party, saying, "When you did all lice agents and right-wing scum. lumbia to hear those views. Washington, D.C. The incident was the fighting for the Communist Protests against the NCLC's gang­ "The only effective way to prevent described to The Militant by Abe ster-like campaign are beginning to this undemocratic disruption is to ex­ Bloom, a coordinator of the National Party at the Monday mayoral clude the NCLC thugs from meetings. Peace Action Coalition, who was at­ forum, we held back-we gave be registered. Before last night'.s at­ tack, a statement strongly condemn­ They have only one purpose, which tending the class. you a mild warning . ... But ing this hooliganism had been signed they have publicly admitted and dem­ Bloom said in the middle of the should you repeat as goons for by Annette Rubenstein, Marxist liter­ onstrated by their actions, and that class "about 20 thuggy-lookingcharac­ the CP, we will put all of you in ary critic; Nat Hentoff, Village Voice is to break up the meetings." ters came in, circled the room, and their spokesman stated that the class the hospital; we will deal with columnist; Norman Oliver, SWP may­ She went on to say that no amount of pressure from the audience can de­ · would not be allowed to continue." you as we are dealing with the oral candidate; Jim Ostroff, editor of the Queens College Phoenix; Jack New­ ter armed hooligans who have this After members of the class succeeded Communist Party." in engaging the thugs in a discussion, garten, New York University Social aim. In order to keep the meetings This threat underlines the im­ Democrats; Marshall Whitman, NYU open to those who want to hear the however, the leader gave a signal and portance of a broad defense of Radical Zionist Alliance; Jim Fitzer, speakers, it is necessary to organize they all left. the right of radical organizations president of Hunter School of Gen­ defense teams to prevent disrupters "It was an attempt to intimidate the eral Studies student government; and from entering the meeting hall. class," said Bloom "but it just didn't to function in the face of NCLC "Another lesson," she explained, "is work." gangsterism. others. In an editorial in its April 25 issue that no section of the radical move­ On April 18, according to the April the Guardian also stated that it ment is immune from these attacks. 19 Daily World, 18 members of the diately following a speech by Tony "strongly condemns the physical at­ This makes it imperative that all in­ NCLC invaded the People's Bookstore Chaitkin, the NCLC mayoral candi­ tacks and verbal threats against the dividuals and organizations who sup­ in Newark, N.J., and plastered leaflets date. Chaitkin was the first speaker. Communist Party and its affiliated port democratic rights join together on the windows. The NCLC thugs pulled clubs out groups by a handful of people call­ in mobilizing the . broadest possible of their jackets, picked up chairs, and ing themselves the National Caucus protest against the NCLC' s hooligan­ The appearance and type of slo­ started clubbing their way to the plat­ of Labor Committees." ism. gans used by some of the NCLC "Despite political differences, the en­ form. They were confronted, however, Since last night's attack a campaign thugs {such as "commies!") would by 75 to 80 marshals who were pre­ tire radical movement should be alert­ has been launched at Columbia Uni­ indicate that right-wingers or pared to defend the stage. After a versity to get as many organizations ed to the danger of this violence and pitched battle lasting about seven or as possible to protest this outrage. cooperate in isolating the NCLC. Only police agents may well be in­ eight minutes, the NCLC thugs retreat­ A joint statement is being circulated when the NCLC recognizes that the volved. On April 13 a person ed, taking their injured with them. calling on "groups and individuals entire radical movement opposes its identified as one of the attackers Six victims of the NCLC assault re­ who support basic democratic rights actions and that it cannot break up of the YWLL at Temple University meetings will it be deterred from its quired medical treatment. They are to join in a campaign to repudiate was arrested in Philadelphia and Wayne Glover, Craig Gannon, Jack vicious campaign." the NCLC attack on Monday night's found to be carrying a loaded .38 Lieberman, Tom Tilitz, Nat London, meeting and their use of violence in and Jesse Smith. Tilitz was hospital­ the movement." revolver. He is Daniel Valdes, a ized. overnight before being released. So far it has been signed by Mark APRIL 25 -Over the past week the parole investigator for the state No one was seriously injured. Kirschner, Columbia Democratic Cau­ National Caucus of Labor Commit­ of Pennsylvania. During the few days prior to the cus; Rebecca Waters, editor of Bar­ tees has continued its campaign of The methods employed by the meeting the NCLC distributed a leaf­ nard Bulletin; John Buddenholtz, threats and gangster attacks against NCLC create a perfect atmos­ let entitled. "Whither Rasheed?" warn­ United Farniworkers Support Com­ organizations in the radical movement ing that they would attempt to break mittee; George Roblnson, Student Lib­ in several cities. phere for police agents to further up last night's meeting and physically ertarian Action Movement; Rob Mc­ The NCLC's hooliganism was their aim of destroying all move­ attack Storey. The leaflet reads in Cauly, member of Community Ser­ launched in an April 11 assault on ments for social change. part: •"With the CP hacks unable to vice Council; Rudolfo Orapez, Colum­ members of the Young Workers Lib­ hold public meetings or to organize, bia OWL; Arlene Abadlain, Student eration League at Temple University The April 24 Daily World reports in terror of the YWLL [Young Work­ Assembly; Arlene Rubenstein, Young in Philadelphia. In that incident two an attack by some 20 armed NCLC ers Liberatio11 League] membership Socialist Alliance; Gail Robinson; Au­ YWLL members received broken noses thugs on a meeting of the Martin enraged at yet another sellout, in ter­ ra Riviera; Beverly Copeland; and and one a broken rib. The group Luther King Coalition inBuffalo,N.Y. ror of Operation Mop-Up, there re­ Kathleen Graves. of attackers, armed with pipes and Three participants in the meeting were mains only 1 question: Joanna Misnik, speaking for the other weapons, were directed by sent to the hospital, and the NAACP "If Storey shows up Monday night, SWP, told The Militant that "there are NCLC leader Jose Torres. Torres headquarters, where the meeting was can his fast-sinking mayoral cam­ important lessons to be drawn from turned himself in to the police April 17 held, was wrecked. paign be buoyed up by anything less this attack at Columbia University. and faces charges of assault and bat­ Another NCLC attempt at disruption than several dozen 'husky workers'· One is that even though the NCLC tery as well as conspiracy. occurred April 20 at a meeting ad­ employed by the N.Y. P. D. [New York did not achieve its main goal of beat­ On A~ril 18 a: group of NCLC mem­ dressed by Andrew Pulley, national Police Department]?" ing up the speakers, it broke up the bers attempted to break up a class Continued on page 14

THE MILITANT/MAY 4, 1973 5 Letters

Malcolm X Colombian socialists In Our Opinion A few lines to let you know that A few days ago, thanks to a I read my first Militant news­ friend, we were able to get into paper today. It was given to me our hands and discuss extensively by a comrade. I was very pleased the socialist newspaper The Mili­ by the article "Who assassinated tant. We sincerely confess we had Daily World Malcolm X?" (Militant, March 9). no idea that so radically Marxist We need more of this. a proletarian movement existed in A prisoner the den of capitalism. We greet New York you in the name of Colombian falsification socialists, of which we are a In the current campaign of attacks by the National Caucus collective. of Labor Committees against the Communist Party, Young Outside of the news articles that Workers Liberation League, and other radical groups, the On the spot related the current stage of the mass Socialist Workers Party and Young Socialist Alliance have I don't agree with everything in struggle in the USA, another been in the forefront of the fight to stop these hoodlum tactics your paper, but you do seem to get article in the Jan. 19 issue that caught our attention was the one (see page 5). Despite political differences with the CP, the SWP the facts a lot quicker than the on the Left Opposition in the USSR, has helped defend democratic rights in the movement, as in other news media, like the killings at Southern University in Louisiana. which analyzed the 1925 split the case of the recent NCLC attack at Columbia University. First, according to most accounts, between Zinoviev and Stalin. Thus it was especially abominable to see the column by it was the students who had (We would like to expand further Morris Davis in the April 21 issue of the Daily World, Com­ started shooting; then, well, our information on this concrete munist Party newspaper. Davis attempts to link the NCLC maybe it wasn't. No one was sure. aspect of Trotsky's life and the goon tactics with the Trotskyist movement, saying that "in And then, perhaps the police started Bolshevik revolution by analyzing the 40s the main disrupters were the Trotskyites, followers it. By this time one was hard put a work you announce in your of Leon Trotsky." (Davis rehashes a number of other lies to find this information in the news­ newspaper, The Stalin School of long since discredited: that the Trotskyists have supposedly papers, and it was not on TV. And Falsification.) been union wreckers in the service of the bosses and racketeers, then there was no doubt the Your article "Why socialists op­ pose the state of Israel" greatly and that the Trotskyists- the first victims of the Smith Act police had fired first. Only in your paper did I read clarified for us the Mideast for their revolutionary socialist opposition to World War that the police from the beginning conflict, as well as anti-Semitism II-were "fifth columnists of the fascist Axis powers" dur­ were responsible for the whole and the struggle of the Palestinians. ing the war.) affair. You were the first to We cannot leave out your mag­ The attempt to link Trotskyist organizations-the SWP and say all the rest as well. nificent supplement on the current the YSA-with the NCLC attacks is outrageous, as is obvious c.s. situation in Argentina. to any honest person who has witnessed the role of the SWP Lexington, Ky. In the warmest way we call and YSA in answering the NCLC's recent attacks. The NCLC for your revolutionary solidarity goon methods have nothing whatsoever to do with Trotskyism with our collective of socialist or the traditions of the Bolshevik Party led by Lenin and students. It would be extremely Trotsky. 'Christian homeland' useful for us to regularly receive The consistent record of the SWP in defending democratic I would like to answer a letter your press, pamphlets, and books, rights within the radical and labor movements is well known. published in the March 30 Militant which lay a sound basis for our socialist and Marxist formation. Morris Davis' column is an attempt to cover up for those under the heading "Jewish home-. land." I think it is important for L.A. who did introduce violence into the radical movement: the the writer of that letter to know Universidad del Valle Stalinists and the Stalinized Communist parties throughout there is no such thing as a can Colombia the world. The hoodlum methods used by these parties were "Jewish homeland." Palestine learned from the Stalinist bureaucracy in the Soviet Union, belongs to the Arabs, not to any a bureaucracy that could only maintain its parasitic existence pne group of people of a certain through the use of torture, frame-up trials, executions, assas­ religion. Informative sinations, and secret police terror. If Palestine is a "Jewish home­ I find The Militant to be very in­ Just one example of the extent of these terror methods was land" because Judaism was started formative, especially regarding Khrushchev's admission iri 1956 that in the late 1930s Stalin there, then it can also be stated stories the money-controlled dailies executed 70 percent of the Soviet CP's central committee elected that Christianity was started there, won't print. The depth of the cover­ in 1934. To this day the heirs of Stalin in the Kremlin main­ making it the homeland of the age and the variety of subjects makes each page a new reading tain a police state in which all political dissent is outlawed. Christians as well. experience. Trained in this tradition of using police-type terror to deal J.N. El Paso, Texas A prisoner with political opposition, Stalinized parties throughout the California world have used the same tactics against political opponents to the degree that their strepgth allowed them to get away with it. Prison frame-up When those who opposed the degeneration of the Russian Good work I am now held in solitary con­ revolution under Stalin were expelled from the U.S. Com­ I am enjoying The Militant and finement. I have been thus held munist Party in 1928, CP goons repeatedly and viciously wish I had run across it sooner. more than 18 months under attacked meetings of the newly organized revolutionary so­ Keep up the good work in cialist movement. CP thugs also attacked people selling The adverse, inhuman conditions in comparison with which animals reporting the truth. Militant on the streets. E.L. are treated better. During the 1940s Trotskyists and other militants in Europe Denver, Colo. I came from Auburn prison to were executed and assassinated both by the fascists and by Clinton June 1, 1971, (Auburn the Stalinists. Trotsky himself was assassinated by an agent rebellion) and was placed in of Stalin in 1940. segregation illegally, as I had The systematic use of violence against the American Trotsky­ violated no prison rules. Shortly ists by the followers of Stalin abated only after the Trotskyists after I was let out of my cell (to Biased? showed they could mobilize broad support for the right to empty the waste bucket), I was This excerpt from a recent Washing­ carry on political activity and physically defend their meet­ viciously assaulted by approxi­ ton Post article on the twentieth an­ ings. But even in the recent past members of the CP and mately 15 to 20 correctional of­ niversary of Stalin's death speaks YWLL have resorted to threats of violence, and in some ficers. volumes about the lack of workers cases physical attacks, against Trotskyists. An example was Naturally I had to fight them democracy in the Soviet Union: the attack last winter on Will Stanley, a student at the Bor­ to prevent them from killing me "At Moscow's Museum of the His­ ough of Manhattan Community College in New York. right then and there. In so doing, tory of the Revolution ... one room The Daily World's _linking of the Trotskyist movement with I've been indicted for assault in is devoted to the uprising of 1905. goon tactics against workers organizations will be repudiated the second degree (seven counts) Leon Trotsky played perhaps the by all who are familiar with the record of the SWP. At the for defending myself. crucial role in that uprising as lead­ same time, The Militant urges all groups and individuals My case is on the calendar er of the Petersburg Soviet, but Trot­ for trial now and will commence who support democratic rights to unite in a common effort sky is not pictured or mentioned in at any time. Only by your the 1905 room. Where is he? to repudiate the hooligan attacks of the NCLC, to organize sense of justice and protests will '"He was an enemy of the people,' to stop the breaking up of movement meetings, and to defend this outrageous frame-up be the attendant, an elderly lady, re­ organizations under attack. stopped. plies. Dim Mak "But didn't he make an important Dim Mak Legal Defense Com- contribution in 1905? mittee "'He was an enemy of the people,' c/o Jesse Berman she repeats." 351 Broadway J.B. New York, N.Y. 10013 New York, N.Y.

6 National Picket Line Marvel Scholl

Rail pact The text of the "historic landmark" ~Not reflected in the statistics' railroad agreement confirms your On Feb. 6, the Bureau of Labor Statistics released thelioma. In the general population this disease hits analysis ( The Militant, March the first reports of 60,000 employers subject to the only one person in 10,000. 30) of this remarkable develop­ terms of the 1970 Occupational Safety and Health Johns-Manville has known the deadly quality of ment. It provides a 4 percent an­ Act. These figures are for the period of July 1 asbestos dust since it began its own research in 1929. nual wage increase through Dec. through Dec. 31, 1971. During all those years (until 1970) it used its own 31, 1974. During that six-month period, 4,300 workers died employees as guinea pigs, testing, x-raying and ex­ The pension deal will put as the result of industrial accidents. amining, with the same disregard for findings it another $42.75 in our paychecks One sentence in the introduction to this report had would have accorded animals. Medical records were each month beginning Oct. 1, real meaning: "It is believed that some illnesses of oc­ kept secret .from the employees. When symptoms be­ 1973. But this is money we cupational origin may not be recognized and there­ came severe enough (coughing, shortness of breath, already earn in wages and is fore not reflected in the statistics." and general lassitude) the worker had two choices­ now deducted for Railroad On Feb. 27, Ohio Senator Robert Taft Jr. intro­ quit or be fired. Retirement benefits. The carriers duced the Respiratory Disease Benefits Act into the In 1970 the United Papermakers and Paperwork­ have agreed to pick up the tab Senate. TaWs presentation and documentation for ers, in unity with the 26 other unions with whom for these benefits above what his bill is impressive, indeed. He states that approx­ J-M deals, won a 158-day strike, a major issue of other workers are taxed for Social imately 300,900 workers in industries where dan­ which was the opening of medical records to em­ Security. gerous dust impairs lung function will be afflicted ployees. The rail union paper Labor with diseases all the way from silicosis to asbestosis. The fight over this issue was led by the young explained that if Congress does There are 10 such areas where these black lung-type workers, some of them second and third generation not approve this package, the respiratory ailments (some cancerous) exist. J-M employees who listened nightly to their parents' agreement will have to be agonized coughing. renegotiated. In 18 states, workmen's compensation regulations When the 1970 Occupational Safety and Health This is stated explicitly by the put rigid time limitations and the burden of proof Act became effective, J -M (and all other factories general president of the Carmen's on applicants. In two states the workmen's com­ and mills) were forced, for the first time, to submit union, A. L. Krause. He says in pensation law does not cover dust disease at all. to inspection. Dust levels were found to be danger­ a letter urging membership ap­ The same limiting regulations prohibit federal dis­ ously high. After long negotiations, the corporation proval: "As you know, our rail­ ability payments to dust disease victims. agreed to install ventilators and blowers to meet a road pensions and our contribu­ The list of these industrial diseases, and their symp­ level of 5.2 asbestos particles per cubic centimeter. tions thereto are covered by toms and prognosis for victims, is too long for this Now they claim to have reached a low of 2.5 par­ federal laws, and any changes column. So I have chosen to discuss asbestosis and ticles. in benefits or contributions its related cancer, mesothelioma, and the story of the Authoritative researchers do not consider 2.5 par­ require legislation to change the small town of Manville, N.J., to illustrate the prob­ ticles safe. They agree that the only really safe level law. This agreement, therefore, lem. is zero. must be contingent upon tne Manville, N.J., the home of the gigantic Johns­ To this J -M has one answer- automation. During enactment of legislation ac­ Manville Corporation, has a population of less than the past six years this corporation has already cut complishing the purposes specified 15,000. It is a one-industry town -the processing its Manville plant work force from 3,200 to 1,800- in the understanding." of raw asbestos so that this magic mineral can be mostly through attrition but also by elimination of Members of the Carmen's union used in the manufacture of 3,000 products. certain operations and "better housekeeping." are the only ones who have had a In Manville, the dust diseases, asbestosis and meso­ If J-M keeps its threat to completely automate its chance to see the agreement as thelioma, are endemic. According to the New York Manville plant, that town will become a ghost town, yet. There is opposition here, Post, Manville is "in the grip of a chemical strangle­ inhabited only by the dying and sick unemployed. but I think it will go through as hold that will not run its chilling course for many The Taft Respiratory Diseases Benefit bill was re­ outlined. years to come." More than 30 percent of the popu­ ferred to the Senate Committee on Labor and Public The union heads want to lower lation and 75 percent of the 3,000 J-M employees Welfare, where it will -probably die in a cozy pigeon­ the retire~ent age in order to have asbestosis or mesothelioma. hole. promise work for those younger Lung cancer rates are eight times the general U. S. After all, its passage would cost a great deal of men who will be laid off when norm. money and cut into profits. And that is a cardinal the size of work crews is reduced, Since 1963, 62 residents have died from meso- sin. as will happen under this agree­ ment. P.C. Minneapolis, Minn. i La Raza en Acci~n!

Convinced Miguel Pendas Enclosed you will find a check for a Militant and International Socialist Review subscription. Last fall I visit­ ed the Militant Bookstore in Denver Los Tres for changing society several times and talked extensively Los Tres del Barrio, three young Chicano antidrug but rather to corner the market for themselves! I with several members of the Young Socialist Alliance. But since moving activists, have been behind bars since 1971. As I guess he figured that the bigger the lie, the easier to Charlottesville I've lost touch with explained last week, they shot a federal agent posing he can get people to believe it. your publication. as a heroin dealer when he pulled a gun on them. However, apparently feeling the ''big lie" wasn't Through my reading of several Two spokesmen for the Committee to Free Los enough, the authorities used other means as well Pathfinder books and my observa­ Tres, Ray Rolon and the group's attocney Antonio to ensure the desired "guilty" verdict. The court ap­ tion of the political and economic re­ Rodriguez, addressed the March 23 Militant Labor pointed the attorneys for the defendants. The jury alities of American society, I've be­ Forum in Los Angeles and explained why the three of "peers" consisted of 10 whites, one Black, and come more convinced of the neces­ worked to end narcotics traffic in the barrio. one elderly Chicano. sity- actually the correctness- of the They explained the costly social, as well as phys­ The judge refused to permit numerous key wit­ socialist alternative. ical, effect that drugs have on Chicanos. This is nesses for the defense to take the stand, including Although I had worked for Mc­ one reason authorities allow the traffic to exist. Drugs Frank Martinez. Martinez is the notorious federal Govern, I had begun to lose interest promote a selfish mentality. The user tries to ease agent who had infiltrated the Chicano Moratorium in the two-party system. From first­ the pain of the oppression of Chicanos by escaping Committee and Casa Carnalismo, but later claimed hand observation I realized that the from it as an individual. Los Tres wanted to see to have repented his role and blew his cover to the two parties were merely tools to re­ Chicanos fighting to change society as part of the news media. inforce capitalist repression at home world revolutionary struggle, not sticking a needle Police searched people as they entered the court­ and imperialist aggression abroad. in their arm out of despair. room in order to create the impression that the de­ 1: c. Los Tres were part of a community effort, said fendants were dangerous. One defense investigator Charlottesville, Va. Rolon and Rodriguez. They were active at La Casa was threatened with prosecution. FBI agents did de Carnalismo (House of Brotherhood), an orga­ their part outside of court by intimidating members nization that has been conducting a program to of the defense committee. drive pushers out of the barrio. In addition to drug This, briefly, is the story of Los Tres del Barrio The letters column is an open forum counseling, they have provided services to the com-­ as told by their defenders- the story they never got for all viewpoints on subjects of gen­ munity concerning immigration, welfare, and self­ the chance to tell in court. The defense is now seek­ eral interest to our readers. Please defense. ing a reduction of the $50,000 bail on which they keep your letters brief. Where neces­ Involvement in these activities was the real reason are being held and to- win a new trial. sary they will be abridged. Please in­ Los Tres were set up for entrapment. Federal agents The defense urges letters supporting these demands dicate if your name may be used or had infiltrated Casa Carnalismo and wanted to "get" be sent to: Ninth Circuit U. S. Court of Appeals, if you prefer that your initials be used some of the most active members. Seventh and Mission streets, San Francisco, Calif. instead. During the trial, the -prosecutor made the fantastic For more information contact: Committee to Free charge that Los Tres were driving pushers out of Los Tres, 4400 S. Huntington Dr., Los Angeles, the community not to end the harmful drug traffic Calif. 90032. Telephone: (213) 223-3471.

THE MILITANT/MAY 4, 1973 7 The Great Society Harry Ring

A nice little puppet- After the State who's on vacation in the Bahamas, Jesus $aves-At a Billy Graham rally are now offenses punishable by fine. Department dinner for Thieu, Chief right? in South Africa a collection was taken Jail awaits those with long hair, hot Justice Burger · told reporters, "This for victims of an Indian market fire pants, or see-through dresses. Ditto fellow doesn't look as bloodthirsty Golden Guru- The Illinois House of and for an alleged deficit on the rally. for anyone caught secretly teaching and murderous as I've read about Representatives was addressed by the The, crowd gave $14,000. Of this a dancing. The latter may not be a him." Perhaps equally apropos, he Maharishi Mahesh Yogi after it ap­ fast $130 went to the relieffund. problem since there isn't too much to added that Thieu seemed shorter than proved a resolution encoureging dance about. he expected. schools and mental institutions to teach transcendental meditation ( TM}, Our free world ally- Decrees by the Thought for the week-" In a war Clearly noninflationary- Henry Ford the Maharishi's technique of mind re­ South Korean dictatorship will help like this some side effects are expect­ II was paid a record $874,567 last laxation. The resolution was intro­ perpetuate the inalienable rights of free ed. So we consider it a side effect year, up 26.9 percent from 1971. A duced by Representative W. J. (Bingo individuals. Printed invitations to wed­ when bombs hit innocent civilians."­ company representative assured this Bill) Murphy, who feels TM can help dings and serving food or liquor at A Cambodian official on the U. S. complies with federal guidelines. reduce student unrest and drug addic­ weddings or funerals outside the home bombing of villages there. tion. He and his sons are signed up Fun City- No one knows how many in private TM classes at $75 a head. New Yorkers die waiting for emer­ The Maharishi owns a private plane gency ambulance service. Now the ser­ and a $26,500 custom-built Bentley. vice will take a bit longer. Emergency Relaxes his mind. calls will be screened. If the dispatcher has a question, the caller will be trans­ News of the week- The executive vice­ ferred to a registered nurse for a more president of Continental Oil said the detailed discussion. And the nurse nation's energy crisis is the result of checks with the public health director, "a lack of sound overall planning."

Women In Revolt A woman who hates women A recent contribution to antifeminist literature is a sons for only one purpose-to work and put the men ... are incapable of seeing women as they book titled The Manipulated Man by Esther Vilar. fruits of his labor at her disposal. She engenders really are: with nothing else to offer but a vagina, Vilar is a German writer, a physician, and a wom­ in him a series of conditioned reflexes, "not unlike two breasts, and some punch cards programmed an who hates women. The Manipulated Man is the the way Pavlov conditioned his dogs," which cause with idle, stereotyped chatter; that they are nothing kind of book that you would normally dismiss him to produce everything to satisfy her material more than conglomerations of matter, lumps of as the product of an irrational, distorted mind. needs. Consequently, by the time his education is stuffed human skin pretending to be thinking hu­ But one-half million copies have been sold in Ger­ complete, man will judge his own value only by man beings." many, and it has been translated into 21 different woman's estimation of his usefulness. (Some ac­ If Esther Vilar had attempted to offer a solution languages. The major newspapers have paid con­ complishment for "stupid, unimaginative" crea­ to this terrible oppression of men by women, then siderable attention to it, and the author will soon tures!) at least we might have seen a reason for the book. be on a U.S. speaking tour. But she doesn't even do that. In fact, she thinks The book is not serious. The few "facts" Vilar the situation is hopeless. "Only woman can break Vilar's basic thesis is that men, who are "strong, uses to back up her irrationality are topsy-turvy. the vicious circle of man's manipulation and ex­ intelligent, and imaginative," are totally dominated For instance, "a woman is a human being who ploitation-but she will not do it. . . . And man, by women, who are "weak, unimaginative and does not work" ( 40 percent of the U. S. labor that wonderful dreamer, will never awaken from stupid." This exploitation of the strong by the force are women); "the number of working women his dream." weak is understandable, we are told, because only has constantly decre'ased over the last decade" Esther Vilar apparently figured out that she truly intelligent people (i.e., men) "hate" freedom (there was a 36 percent increase in the number of could make a fast buck by launching an attack and take .a "pleasure in non-freedom." Only stupid working women in the U.S. between 1960 and -no matter how crude-on the women's libera­ people (i.e., women) "like" freedom. After establish­ 1970); woman is addicted to pleasure, which is tion struggle. There seems to be no other rational ing this inanity as a premise, Vilar goes on to "baking cakes, ironing the laundry, cleaning win­ basis for the book. explain the mechanisms of the female manipulation dows.... " Regardless of its intent, however, the book plays of man. But the real giveaway is the pure hatred for a devious role by feeding the right-wing myth that Women, Vilar asserts, connivingly arrange to women that exudes from every single page of the the struggle against oppression is just a battle of be the ones to raise children, and then train their book. Listen. to this: "It is quite incredible that the sexes and that women already "have it made."

By Any Means Necessary Baxter Smith The South African Games In last week's Militant in an article on the plans took down the signs for segregated seating in -regardless of race, color, creed or r_eligion." for African Liberation Day, I pointed out a token the sports stadium, Blacks V{ere still herded into Wright, however, shot holes through this facade. gesture of the South African government in con­ "the section for the Bantus or blacks," according He stated that none of the athletes chosen to repre­ nection with the recently held South African Games to Wright. "That's the hypocrisy of it. I'm a black sent South Africa in track and field and many in Pretoria. I reported that the South African gov­ guy, plus I'm a V.I. P. from another nation, so other sports was selected through an "open cham­ ernment, in attempting to show the world that it I get treated differently. But the _black who's a pionship based on merit." He noted that a soccer is "humane," went so far as to take down the signs native of that country exists under the apartheid tournament pitting a white team against Blacks over the seats in the athletic stadium that read rule. He couldn't buy a ticket to sit where he or Indians against coloreds (mulattoes) was billed "whites only" and "nonwhites only." wanted by choice." as "multiracial." "To me, it wasn't," he said. "To But it turns out that even this "token" wouldn't The South African government went on a major me it was a farce because how can you have four buy a ride on the New York subway. public relations campaign for the Games, which teams representing your country? The teams were Stan Wright, the Black chairman of the men's the South African press hailed as an "overwhelm­ not selected on merit. It was based on a choice track and field committee of the Amateur Athletic ing success" because of the presence of Blacks and related to color." Union (AAU}, spoke with the New York Times whites on the same playing field for the first time. Wright stated that the 12 Black South African in response to controversy generated over a full­ An editorial in the April 9 Johannesburg Star track and field athletes all came from the Black page ad in its April 15 issue. showed that some circles were struck breathless track and field federation. There are three others, The ad was placed by a South African group by the "progress." "Getting used to multiracial sport white, Indian, and colored-all are controlled by called the Committee for Fairness in Sport and is a little like breaking the four-minute mile, or the white federation. was entitled "Who is Discriminating Now?" It ac­ taking a told plunge on a winter's day. The first South Africa claims to have spent about $1.3- cused the AA U of "discrimination" because the time is the hardest; then it becomes easier and million on the Games. It's unknown how much AA U refused to permit U. S. track and field athletes even commonplace. So it should be after the suc­ more was spent on public relations. Of course to participate in the Games. cessful breakthrough we have just witnessed." the money to pay for this folly will be squeezed Wright blasted South Africa's lies and distortions The South African ad in the Times p~cked up from the taxes of Black workers. about the event. on this distortion, " . . . the Pretoria event repre­ As usual, the cost of racism is quite high, As it turns out, although the South Africans sented international competition strictly on merit especially for the victims.

8 The government had better,heed our demands' SF labor rally to hit wage controls, prices

By CAROL LIPMAN outlined plans of the program commit- 1 SAN FRANCISCO, April 23- More tee for speakers at the demonstration. than 200 trade unionists here packed Already accepted are: Harry Bridges, into the hall of Department Store Em- president of the ILW U; Jerry Wurf, ployees Local 1100, AF L-C IO, April international president of the Ameri- 21 to participate in a spirited meeting can Federation of State, County and of the United Labor Action Commit- Municipal Employees; Maddie Jack- tee (ULAC). son, business manager, San Francisco ULAC is the official committee build- Joint Board ·of the International ing the April 28 mass rally to protest Ladies' Garment Workers' Union; Joe high prices, wage controls, unemploy- 0' Sullivan, San Francisco Building ment, unequal taxes that favor the and Construction Trades Council; rich, and the billion-dollar cutbacks Stan Jensen, International Association in health and social-service programs. of Machinists (JAM) Local 68; George The rally will begin at the Civic Cen- Hardy, president of the Service Em- Milito nt/Howord Petrick Jim Hermon, president of lnt'l longshoremen's and Warehousemen's Union, local 34, ter at 12 noon April 28. ployees International Union; and Jer- addresses planning meeting for April 28 march in Son Francisco. Betsy Blom, shop Sponsors of the rally include every ry Voorhis, consumer advocate. steward for Deportment Store Employees, local 1100, and Wolter Johnson, local 1100 Bay Area AFL-CIO central labor secretory-treasurer, ore on either side. council and their union affiliates; the building-trades unions; International 'Never such a response' of the White House. We also need Representatives of San Francisco Longshoremen's and Warehousemen's Emerson Street, secretary-treasurer physical support. All our rallies will Consumer Action, the Northern Cali­ Union (ILWU); United Auto Work­ of the Santa Clara Labor Council, be peaceful and well organized. Every­ fornia Peace Action Coalition, and ers; Teamsters; and others. and Sid Roger, former editor of the one is urged to attend." campus support groups attended the Jim Herman, cochairman of ULAC IL WU Dispatcher, reported from the Sev-eral locals of the Transport meeting at the invitation of the ULAC and president of the International publicity committee. Workers took thousands of leaflets for cochairmen. Longshoremen's and Warehousemen's "In all my years of experience in the the demonstration. They plan to give The Consumer Action representative Union Local 34, opened the meeting, labor movement," stated Roger, "I them directly to bus and transit em­ outlined plans to support the April 28 stating the rally's objectives to the have never seen such a response to ployees to distribute and carry on the rally and also presented plans for a job. demonstration against high prices on The Carpenters Joint Council took May 5 at 12 noon in San Francisco's 24,000 leaflets. Union Square. The May 5 demonstra~ Membership meetings on April 19 tion here is part of the national price of ILWU Locals 10 and 34 unani­ protests on that day. mously voted a work stoppage on the Jim Herman stated at the end of the docks the day of the rally. ULAC meeting: "We want and need Jeff Mackler, vice-president of the the support of the entire community. Hayward Federation of Teachers, re­ We thank the leaders of the Northern ported to the meeting the extensive California Peace Action Coalition for plans of AFT locals in the Northern their financial assistance and support California area to build the demon­ by helping to organize the community stration. He challenged all unions support group for the April 28 dem­ present to bring as many members to onstration." the rally as the AFT locals will. The meeting drew many different The San Francisco Teachers Union trade unionists- official leaders of the has sent a copy of the rally leaflet central labor councils of the Bay Area, to all its members, urging them to officials of many of the important lo­ Milito nt/Howord Petrick attend. In addition to the Teachers cal unions, and many rank-and-file Rank-and-file trade unionists, union officials, antiwar, consumer, and student activists union,. three unions representing non­ activists. All present were able to par­ participated in planning meeting for April 28 protest. teaching employees in the school sys­ ticipate in the meeting. ULAC is not tem signed the leaflet. the official body of any union, but is press. He said in part: a political action. Over 200,000 leaf­ Many union militants report that an ad hoc formation initiated by in­ "This organization was formed ·as lets are already out in a matter of discussion of the April 28 action has dividual unionists with the backing of a result of a call of over 100 union three days to the union locals, and been taking place on the floor of their their locals, particularly the Depart­ officials who understand and are re­ tens of thousands more are being dis­ local meetings. ment Store Employees Local 1100 sponding to the deep feelings of their tributed by various community Participants in the ULAC meeting and ILWU Local34. rank and file on these important social groups. Students at the Berkeley cam­ agreed to join an informational pick­ questions. pus have organized a big support et line April 25 at the Hunters Point Many of the initiators of ULAC were "We recognize that present govern­ committee and are already out dis­ shipyards, one of the government in­ among those who played an out­ ment policies feed the insatiable greed tributing some 20,000 leaflets through­ stallations scheduled to be shut down spoken role in the movement against of business interests with the highest out Berkeley today." by a recent Nixon decree. Some the Vietnam war in the Bay Area. prices in history, while taking away The Department Store Employees 6, 700 workers will lose their jobs. In­ Many of the unions in ULAC have wage increases won by labor, deny­ Local 1100 office has become an or­ ternational Association of Machinists supported antiwar protests in the past, ing needed child-care facilities for ganizing center for the distribution of Local 68, whose members are affected particularly the massive April 24, working mothers, jobs, and important leaflets. The subcommittee organizing by the decree, initiated the protest. 1971, demonstration sponsored by the social services. We recognize that we this distribution, composed of Preston Protesters will carry signs demand­ Northern California Peace Action Co­ have to put our feelings into the Sallinger, a Black longshoreman, Bet­ ing that the site be kept open and that alition (NCPAC). streets. sy Blom, a shop steward for Local the workers and machines be turned In· the spirit of Herman's opening "This is not just a demonstration, a 1100, Derrell Myers of Painters Local to domestic needs, such as housing rell}arks, the ULAC gathering decided speakout," he continued. "But [it] is 4, and Bob Sancedo, a Chicano shop and sch9ols. Demonstrators will pass to hold another meeting May 5 to an ongoing demonstration and we are steward for Bookbinders Local 3, re­ out leaflets for the April 28 action evaluate the April 28 demonstration an ongoing organization.. port a very enthusiastic response from to workers entering the shipyard. and to see what the next step will be. the unions. , 'Not a roman candle' Local 9410 of the Communications "We are demonstrating with and for Workers of America sent out a com­ NPAC builds support for the entire community. This committee munication for posting on all bulletin is not just a roman candle to burn boards and at job sites, stating that April 28, May 5 protests "United Labor Action Committee is on one day but will continue until this The following telegram was sent We applaud you in the trade­ comprised of longtime, responsible administration responds to our needs to the United Labor Action Com­ union movement who are taking as workers, as welfare recipients, as leaders. These leaders have come to­ mittee by Abe Bloom, national co­ the lead in protesting the. effects senior citizens, and yes, as youth. gether under one flag, regardless of ordinator of the National Peace of this policy. We demand of "This demonstration is the opening individual differences, because they Action Coalition: Nixon: End Inflationary Military gun of a declaration. The unity es­ recognize the threat to organized labor Spending! End the. Bombing of tablished by trade unions in the Bay from the president's 'game plan.' Brothers and Sisters, Southeast Asia! U. S. Out of South­ Area will hopefully spur others . . . "What is the threat? The threat is east Asia Now! who are sick, tired, and fed up with that if the present administration had On behalf of the National Peace the policies of this administration and its way, it would tear up every collec­ Action Coalition we are pleased The April 21 National Coordina­ what is happening in our country. tive bargaining agreement in existence to express our solidarity and sup­ ting Committee meeting of NPAC "It is a declaration," he ended to today. We cannot let this happen. For port for the April 28 protest approved sending this message the applause of the entire body, "to 50 years men and women have against high prices and wage con­ and also urged local NPA~ the government that they had better worked to make collective bargaining trols. . Nixon's continued affiliates to actively build support stop and heed our demands, or we agreement what it is today. The sad bombing of the people of South­ for the May 5 protests against will make even stronger declarations fact of the matter is that some have east Asia is financed out of the high prices, relating inflation to th.at they won't be pleased with." even died for it. pockets of the American working U.S. war spending in Southeast Dick Groulx, seeretary-treasurer of "The ULAC needs funds to bring people against their wishes. Asia. the. Alameda Central Labor Council, this campaign right up to the steps

THE MILITANT/MAY 4, 1973 9 Unions, consumers, antiwar groups join forces for May 5 protests on high prices By CINDY JAQUITH and Tom Turner, president of the Met­ based actions to fight the erosion of APRIL 23 -"Get your friends, your ropolitan AFL-CIO in Detroit, are co­ workers' standard of living. "Skyrock­ neighbors; your union, whatever or­ coordinators of the demonstration;· eting prices have· made united action ganization you're in, behind this thing. Turner endorsed the action at an April necessary by those who have to foot This has got to be a growing move­ 18 meeting of the Metropolitan AFL­ the bill.... ment!" That's how Linda McGregor, CIO and urged the representatives of "Workers whose wages are for all president of the Women's Auxiliary affiliated unions to do the same. practical purposes still frozen must of the Oil, Chemical and Atomic Work­ The Detroit action will begin with join with other consumers in peaceful ers Union Local 4-367 summed up a noon demonstration at Kennedy protest of the government's failure to the way to build the May 5 demon­ Square, followed by a march to the do anything about high food prices," strations against high prices. federal building. the statement said in part. It was The call for May 5 protests, issued In addition to union support, the signed by the union secretary, Osceola · by the National Consumers Congress, Detroit. demonstration has been en­ E. Saffold, the vice-secretary, Terry is less than two weeks old, but actions dorsed by the Wayne State University Quilico, and the assistant secretary, are already under way in more than student government, which has also John Jordan. a dozen cities. Ad hoc coalitions to voted to turn over its office, phones, The Chicago demonstration on May build the protests are approaching paper and other supplies to May 5 5 will assemble at the federal building trade unions; consumer groups; anti­ organizers. at 12 noon. war coalitions; student governments; Two national officers of the Amal­ Local affiliates of the National Peace organizations in the Black, Chicano, g!lmated Meat Cutters, International Action Coalition ( NPAC) and the Stu­ and Puerto Rican communities; wom­ Vice-president Abe Feinglass,. and Sec- dent Mobilization Committee (SMC) en's groups; and others to win their are joining in the protests. In Washing­ support and active involvement. ton, D.C., for example, the NPAC affil­ Since this demonstration against high Several trade unions have offered iate and the SMC are preparing a May prices in New York, April 7, onion prices their facilities to help build the demo·n­ 5 leaflet that links inflation to war alqne have jumped to 49 cents a pound. strations. In Washington, D. C., the ·spending. Washington Teachers Union office is Consumer groups and activists back­ an organizing center for the May 5 ing the protests include Ruth Yannata, are the Socialist Workers Party; the action, and its president, Bill Simons, west side chairwoman, Los Angeles Young Socialist Alliance; Tyree Scott is a coordinator of the protest. FIT (Fight Inflation Together); the of the United Construction Workers The Amalgamated Meat Cutters and Seattle FIT chapter; SCRIMP in in Seattle, an organization of Black Butcher Workmen, Local 593, has Boston; Florence Rice of the Harlem workers; State R._epresentative Linda also volunteered resources to help Consumer's Council in New York; and Berglund of Minnesota; State Repre­ publicize the action, is helping to get Housewives Against Inflation in sentative Barney Frank of Massachu­ endorsements from other unions and Washougid, Wash. setts; Lionel Castillo, Houston city con­ from members of Congress, and is The National Organization for troller; Art Perlo, Portland Commu­ arranging for the printing of some Women (NOW) chapters in Detroit and nist Party; and Jetie Wilds, chairman of the May 5 leaflets. The Washington, Houston have sent representatives to of the Oregon Black Caucus. D.C., protest will begin with a picket May 5 planning meetings. In Detroit May 5, demonstrations are also line at the White House at 12 noon, the Wayne State University Women's planned in Los Angeles, Denver, San followed by a rally at 1 p.m. at Liberation is building support for the Francisco, Atlanta, Cleveland, Austin, Lafayette Park. action, as is the Coalition for Child St. Paul, San Diego, and Philadelphia. In New York, District 65 of the Care in Portland, Ore. Activists at many planning meetings Distributive Workers of America, and 'The collateral is OK, Mr. Smith- but are Other organizations and individuals , have discussed the need for large, District 37 of the American Federation you sure your family needs a six-pound who have endorsed the May 5 protests visible protests as the most effective of State, County and ·Municipal Em­ roast of beef?' tactic. "I don't know where the Shell ployees (AFSCME) have offered to strike would be without demonstra­ pass out leaflets for the May 5 action. retary-treasurer Pat Gorman have tions," explained Linda McGregor Victor Gotbaum, president of District added their names to the growing list during the Houston planning meeting 37, and Al Evanoff, vice-president of of trade unionists endorsing the ac­ for May 5. "Demonstrations bring the District 65, are scheduled to appear tions. issue to the public. Everyone has been at a news conference this week to pub­ In Houston, a planning meeting for complaining to themselves about food lic::_ize the New York action on May 5. May 5 decided to pass a resolution prices. But before the meat boycott The National Peace Action Coalition in ·support of a strike by the Meat they didn't know they had so many is aJso helping to build the march. Cutters there against Weingarten's, the people on their side." Organizers of the New York protest city's largest grocery chain. Explain­ At the New York planning meeting are working out of the AFSCME ing the issues in the strike to the meet­ for May 5, Sharon Enea from West­ Public Employees Local 1930 office. ing, Joe Reyna, vice-president of Local chester Against Inflation Now said, Demonstrators will assemble at 12 408 of the Meat Cutters, said, "The "We have to hit hard and not relent. noon at Herald Square, march to the companies say we are the cause of This is the way to let the politicians A& P offices at 43 Street and Lexington inflation. We are not." and the congressmen know that we're Avenue, and then hold a rally at Reyna continued, "We cut the meat, here." Bryant Park. we process it, we sell it with a smile. A Jackson Heights Consumer Com­ Local 2000 of the American Feder­ But we wish we could afford to take mittee member added, "May 5 should ation of Teachers at Wayne County some of it home with us." Militant/Terry Ouilica be the beginning so that others who Community College in Detroit has A statement in support of May 5 Meat Cutters union members on April 4 were not active can become active. turned its offices into an organizing by three officers of Airlines Employees Chicago anti-cutback march. In several May 5 puts forward that we will be center for the May 5 protest. The Association, Local 62 B in Chicago cities locals of the union are backing continuing to put presiure on the gov­ union's vice-president, Paula Reimers, expressed the importance of broad- May 5 protests against high prices. ernment." ... socialist program to fight inflation Continued from page I ,------~ runaway prices. • For preferential hiring of Blacks tives from Nixon's "Labor-Manage­ e Halt all war spending. Disman­ and other oppressed nationalities, and ment Advisory Committee." This com­ tle all U. S. military bases around women, to help overcome years of mittee is only window dressing de­ the world. discrimination in hiring. signed to give government decrees the appearance of impartiality. It lends End unemployment End unfair taxes credence to Nixon's claim that the Despite record-high profits and a • Abolish all taxes on incomes government will control prices, when full-fledged capitalist boom, official under $15,000 a year. A 100 percent its sole aim is to hold down wages. tax on all incomes over $30,000 a government figures still show 5 per­ • Defend the right to strike for all year. cent of the work force unemployed. workers, including government em­ The true figures are undoubtedly MASS RALLY ployees. much higher. Stop the cutbacks Noon, Saturday, April28 Civic Center Plaza, Son Francisco e Shorten the workweek with no re­ • Instead of spending billions for • Labor needs its own political Spon,ored by thf trade union movement in six Boy Area counties. We invite all Americans to participate duction in pay to spre.::d the available war, use federal funds for social needs, party to fight for these demands in with U5 in this protest demonstration. r:m f,.,. 'o·Plo·•·tio!l "ith th•· prnmi~o· of wo~·k to all who want jobs. including education, child care, mass the political field against the capitalist Jl,.,.:~ \\ !n! tho•\" had in mind fn1· \Oil :t!n! • Initi:lte a massive federally'funded transit systems, and quality low-cost Democratic and Republican parties. public W• rks program to providt jobs public housing. A labor party, based on the unions, and cons ·uct schools, housing, hOS­ would be a powerful weapon in the pitals, and other urgently needed proj­ Defend union movement fight to defend the standard of living leaflet distributed by United labor Action ects. • Withdraw the labor representa- of all working people. Committee in Northern California.

10 prices are fed up with the politicians But by standing on the sidelines, sumer and anti-inflation movement. who have repeatedly failed to stop the unions set themselves up for Nix­ The current protests against infla­ By LARRY SEIGLE the galloping inflation. That's why on's strategy of pitting consumers tion can become powerful backing for Protests against the squeeze on the the boycott initiators, and the against workers, and claiming that union demands for cost-of-living esca­ standard of living of the American organizers of the April 28 and May the unions don't give a damn about lator clauses. Demonstrations like people are being organized for April 5 protests, have taken things into their inflation, that they just want higher those on April 28 and May 5 can 28 in San Francisco and for May' 5 own .hands. They have turned to wages for themselves. be an expression of militancy and nationally. methods of struggle- the boycott, In the early days of the CIO, in determination that will serve notice A new impetus to these actions came picket lines, mass marches and rallies the latter half of the 1930s, the labor on the bosses that the unions won't from the government announcement -that can mobilize the power of movement viewed itself- and was seen settle for contracts that don't protect worke,rs against inflation. Democrats and Republicans We can't look to the Democrats or Republicans to solve the problem of APRil28, MAY 5 SIT fKAMPlf inflation. These politicians are com­ mitted to defending the interests of the capitalists, not of the labor move­ ment. On April 16, the House of Repre­ UNIONS AND ANTI·IIFU FIGHT sentatives voted to renew the Econ­ omic Stabilization Act, giving Nixon a free hand to continue wage controls. Enough Democrats blocked with the that in March the cost of living took masses of people. These are tactics by others- as a progressive social Republicans to vote down a series of its biggest jump since 1951, with an traditionally used by the working movement concerned with political and amendments to roll back prices. The increase of 0.8 percent. In New York class and its allies; in recent years social issues that affected masses of Senate had already voted, with only City, meat, poultry and fish leaped they have been popularized by the Americans. But the narrow-minded two nay votes, to authorize continued upward by 5.1 per cent in 30 days­ antiwar movement and the Black and conservative mentality of the cur­ controls on wages. an annual rate of 68.4 percent! liberation struggle. rent crop of union misleaders has cre­ The Chamber of Commerce lobby The enthusiasm for the protests (see ated barriers between the unions and and other direct representatives of big pages 9 and 10) demonstrates that April 28 rally the masses of unorganized workers business lined up these votes to renew working people are not going to sit The decision by the United Labor and other potential allies. The labor the Economic Stabilization Act in both by and watch their paychecks be eaten Action Committee (ULAC) in the San bureaucrats conduct union affairs as houses of Congress. As an April 18 up by inflation. New York Times editorial observed, The April meat boycott and the cur­ "spokesmen for cattlemen, farmers and rent protest plans have proved fals~ business easily outpointed those for the forecasts that independent protest organized labor and consumer actions would be halted with the wind­ groups. . . . the legislators demon­ ing down of the war, and Nixon's strated all the firmness of a wet noodle hope that the process of radicaliza­ in facing up to these pressures." tion would be halted and reversed. The workers will get the short erid Skyrocketing prices are exposing the of the stick every time if they rely on · fact that U. S. capitalism, with all its these politicians. What is needed is an wealth and productive capacity, can't independent party of labor, based on guarantee Americans the quality of life the trade unions, to fight in the polit­ they know is possible and feel they are ical arena to protect the standard of entitled to. Inflation is a permanent living of working people and to cham­ feature of capitalism today. pion workers' interests against the cap­ This is taking place not in a re­ italist Democratic and Republican cession, but in a period of capitalist parties. boom. Profits at the end of 1972 set But instead of leading the fight all-time records, and the profits for against the government's wage control the first quarter of 1973 are reportedly policies, George Meany and other top even higher. union officials are making deals with But real wages (taking higher prices AFl-CIO President George Meany admits to agreement with Nixon to hold wage hikes Nixon. According to the March 29 and taxes into account) have declined to Phase 3 .guideline of 5.5 percent. Meanwhile, prices continue to soar. New York Times, "Mr. Meany ac­ for four of the last five months. Even knowledged for the first time that he according to the government's own had agreed privately with the Admin­ figures, which don't tell the whole Francisco Bay Area to organize a if what the unions do is of no concern istration that its 5.5 percent wage story, spendable earnings of workers mass protest points the way forward to anyone but themselves. They act guideline 'would remain temporarily, went down by 0. 3 percent in for all unions. The response that as though the fight of women, Blacks, but that it would be flexible.'" March alone. ULAC has received from union mem­ students, and others is of no interest Nixon's strategy is to try to con­ And in spite of the boom, there are bers- as well as from students, anti­ to the·unions. vince the unions to accept the 5.5 4.4 million unemployed, according to war groups, anti-cutback forces and This conservative policy has led to per cent formula, while granting even the official figures, which grossly consumer organizations- shows the the isolation of the union movement less to unorganized workers, and cut­ underestimate the real total. potential support for decisive action from many forces involved in strug­ ting back on social services. This plan American working people face the by the union movement in the fight gles that the workers organizations hits Blacks and other oppressed na­ specter of permanent inflation con­ against Nixon's Phase 3. should be supporting. tionalities the hardest. By agreeing stantly eroding their buying power, to it, Meany is hurting the struggle The ULAC initiative is a welcome The coming round of contract ne­ plus the constant threat of unemploy­ change from the attitude of the AFL­ gotiations affect more than five mil­ of all workers, including those in the ment. These problems are made worse CIO leaders like George Meany, who lion workers in the rubber, auto, elec­ powerful unions. Five and a ·half per­ by the government's wage controls, by were absent from the meat boycott trical, and trucking industries. These cent is not enough to catch up with high taxes on workers, and by movement. The failure of Meany and union members need big wage gains, current inflation, let alone make any Nixon's budget cutbacks. other union officials to provide posi­ and they need escalator clauses pegged progress toward a better life. to increases in the cost of living. To And the lower wages paid to non­ Lessons of meat boycott tive leadership to the movement against high prices made it inevitable win these gains, they will need the unionized workers will exert a down­ The meat boycott, which sparked that the first expressions of militant sympathy and support of the con- ward pull on everyone's wages. The the current protests, was organized action would spring up outside the constant threat of unemployment also through ad-hoc · committees and uniol)s, as happened with the boycott. works to hold down wages, even for spread throughout the country, But the boycotters were not opposed those in unions. The fight against involving literally tens of millions of to the unions. In fact they have made wage controls and inflation has to people. It was projected first by con­ every effort to link up with them. In be linked to the fight against unem­ sumers, mainly women, who played .many cities, local unions are coop­ ployment. To give everyone a job, the key organizing role. But workers, erating with other groups to orga­ the workweek has to be shortened, both unionists and unorganized, nize the May 5 actions. at no reduction in pay, to spread rallied to the boycott banner, making the available jobs to all who want to it the largest protest activity, in terms The union movement on a nation­ work. of the number of participants in al scale should be in the front ranks Nixon hopes to make it easier to decades. of the defense of the standard of living sell his antilabor program by getting The developing movement against of all workers. The unions have the union officials to join government inflation has been motivated by a biggest stake of all in the anti-inflation agencies. For example, he named Peter healthy disrespect for the Nixon ad­ fight. Brennan of the New York construction ministration's claims about holding By joining this fight, the unions trades as secretary of labor, and he down prices. Tricky Dick's boycott­ could add the muscle necessary to has Meany and other union officials eve announcement of meat "price ceil­ make the anti-inflation battle success­ sitting on his phony "Labor-Manage­ ings" was obviously just a maneuver ful. By taking the lead, the unions ment Advisory Committee." to ti'.ke the steam out of the boycott. would gSJ.in sympathy and allies The function of union bureaucrats But it had the opposite effect as angry among everyone from unorganized in these government posts is not to boycott leaders refused to fall for workers to middle-class consumers. protect the interests of workers but Nixon's lies and instead redoubled This would make it difficult for the to act as window dressing to give their efforts. ruling class to pin the bl21me on union Nixon's programs the facade of im- The protestors against high food wage demands. Continued on page 22

THE MILITANTiMAY 4, 1973 11 food monopolies reaping record profits By DICK ROBERTS retailer by consolidating many opera­ feed lot to raise its own cattle at the on an Oklahoma ranch and ends in The 1972 annual report of Iowa Beef tions under one company roof," ;James lowest possible cost. Faced with the more than 700 Jack in the Box ham­ Processors dispels any doubt about Rowen reported in the June 5, 1972, loss of business, unable to supply burger drive-ins. When Butz resigned who's profiting from spiraling meat issue of The Nation. "The middlemen themselves with feed as cheaply as the his Purina directorship to become Sec­ prices. The giant meat packing firm -small farmers, cattle feeders, inde­ diversified company, the small opera­ retary of Agriculture, the outgoing tells its stockholders: "Your company pendent truckers, auctioneers, public tors, who fed twenty or thirty cattle Secretary, Clifford Hardin, conve­ recorded its best earnings record since market employees and small-scale at a time, and less than 1,000 a year, niently moved to Butz' s Purina seat." 1961, the year the operations began. packing operators-are unable to have disappeared.... One opera­ Butz was also a director of the "IBP earned $3.Q3 per share in 1972 compete with the integrators' corpo­ tion, Monfort of Colorado, last year canned and frozen fruits and vege­ compared with $1.60 in 1971. Total rate advantages of easy financing and fed more than 425,000 head of cattle, tables corporation Stokely Van-Camp, after tax earnings in 1972 were $7,- cash flows from nonfarm subsidiary almost 2 per cent of all commercially as well as of International Minerals 367,000; this compares with 1971 businesses. . . . More and more, this fattened cattle in the country, making and Chemicals and Standard Life In- earnings of $3,773,000, an increase vital industry is being dominated by it the nation's biggest cattle-feeding of 95 percent." the conglomerates." business." Rowen gives examples of conglom­ These monopolies are also respon­ erate take-overs in the meat industry. sible for the deterioration of meat. Greyhound purchased Armour in "Today, cattle arrive at a feed lot when 1970. Its sales increased 301.3 per­ they are a year old, and often cent, "the record for the entire 500" younger. For an average of 150 days, biggest U.S. industries according to the cattle stand and eat-not grass, Fortune magazine. but the area's most available grain, L-T-V owns Wilson & Co., a pack­ plus a number of additives, hormones, ing firm in Oklahoma that stamps tranquilizers and antibiotics, all de­ out 150 million hamburgers a year signed to stimulate appetite. Cattle in for McDonald's Restaurants. feed lots now gain roughly 3 pounds The Oppenheimer Fund is a major a day from 20 pounds of feed, much holder of Kroger, the fifth largest re­ of the increase being watery fat, tail operation in America and the most 'marbeled' through the meat. The heavily integrated supermarket chain search for cheap feeds by feed-lot in the country. "Kroger· owns: 1,500 owners has led to some bizarre exper­ markets, 430 drugstores, forty family imentation. According to nutrition ..,_ ... -r .. -~ ~ centers (food, drugs and general mer­ author/farmer Beatrice T. Hunter, cat­ chandise), 150 delicatessens, fifteen tle have been fed such weight-pro­ meat-packing plants, a dairy farm, ducing additives as peanut hulls, feath­ five milk and ice cream plants, four ers, wood pulp, ground-up news­ bakeries, a sausage plant, a trucking papers, plastic, and even inedible offal fleet, several regional warehouses, and waste from other cattle's carcasses. an Arkansas chicken-breeding farm The goal is to produce the heaviest and feed mill operation capable ofpro­ cattle at the lowest possible cost, and Based in Dakota City, Neb., Iowa ducing 28 million broilers a year." forget the taste." surance Co. When he came to Wash­ Beef is typical of a relatively new All along the line the small farmer The monopolies that are driving to ington in November 1971 Butz prom­ phenomenon in U. S. agriculture: ver­ is being squeezed out and monopoly take over the food industry are well ised to improve profits in the food­ tical monopolization in food proces­ is taking over. "The commercial feed represented in Washington. Earl Butz, ralsmg business. The close ties sing. lot has appeared within the last de­ head of the Agriculture Department, between the Nixon administration and "Vertical integration has wiped out cade, vastly altering the face of small­ is a former director of Ralston Purina, agribusiness are robbing the pocket­ the neat distinctions that used to exist town America. An integrated cattle "owner of a totally integrated poultry books of each and every shopper in between cattle raiser, meat packer and business virtually demands its own line and beef supply system that starts the country.

May Day= International workers holclay By DAVE FRANKEL In Chicago, where tensions had al­ policemen were dead before the day hang. The sentences of Fielden and May first is the international holiday ready been raised by a strike at the was over. Schwabb were commuted to life im­ of the working class, the day to cele­ McCormick Reaper plant that had On May 5 every prominent labor prisonment. Lingg committed suicide brate the struggle of the workers been going on for two months, there leader in Chicago was arrested. Eight rather than allow the state to take his movement everywhere against the op­ was a city-wide lockout the next day. men, all anarchists, were indicted for life. The others were hanged Nov. 11, pression of capitalism. Over the years On May 3 Chicago police opened fire murder. The government was unable 1887. the U. S. government has done its best on workers outside of the McCormick to link any of the eight with the bomb­ Before he was hanged, August Spies to portray May Day as something plant, killing four and wounding ing (one of the defendants, Samuel turned to the executioner and said: alien to the U. S., if not downright sub­ scores. A mass protest meeting was Fielden, was speaking at the time the "The time will come when our silence versive. called for the next day in Haymarket bomb was thrown), but it organized will be more powerful than the voices Square. a witch-hunt trial that led to the con­ you strangle today." Labor Day in September was de­ As the Haymarket meeting was viction of all of them. The celebration of May Day passed clared the workers' holiday to pro­ into the tradition of the world work­ vide a "patriotic" alternative to the ing-class movement when the first con­ militant tradition of May Day. Many gress of the Socialist (Second) Inter­ presidents have even tried to turn May national proclaimed it a day of in­ Day into its opposite. To prevent the ternational solidarity in 1890. Here celebration of international working­ in the U. S., the country of its origin, class solidarity, they have dubbed the celebration of May Day has been May 1 "Law Day," and "Loyalty Day." neglected, along with a lot of other The truth of the matter is that May good things. Day originated in the United States. But as a new' generation finds it The tradition of May Day began necessary once again to struggle in 1886, during the struggle for the against the evils of capitalism, the eight-hour day. Today workers fight­ traditions and history of previous ing against inflation are told by union struggles are being revived. This has officials like George Meany to rely been shown by the fight against the on the government to solve their prob­ war, the. movements of Blacks, Chi­ lems. But the eight-hour day was won canos, and Puerto Ricans against ra­ by a different strategy-one of mo­ cial oppression, and the struggle of bilizing the power of the labor move­ women against their second-class sta­ ment in the streets. tus in this society. May 1, 1886, was set aside by the Workers today, confronted with out­ Knights of Labor and other trade­ A contingent in a 1903 May Day parade in U.S. rageous price hikes and government union organizations as a day on wage controls, can learn a lot from which workers would leave work and the traditions of the working class demonstrate for the eight-hour day. breaking up, it was attacked by po­ Oscar Neebe was sentenced to 15 represented by May Day. It is only Some 200,000 took part in New York, lice. A dynamite bomb was thrown years in prison. Fielden, Michael through militant struggle of the en­ Chicago, St. Louis, Detroit, Washing­ into the police ranks by an agent pro­ Schwabb, August Spies, Albert Par­ tire working · class and its allies ton, D. C., Baltimore, Boston, Cin­ vocateur, and the police opened fire sons, Louis Lingg, Adolph Fisher, against the class of the bosses that cinnati, Pittsburgh, and Milwaukee. on the crowd. Four workers and seven and George Engel were sentenced to real gains can be made.

12 A WEEKLY INTERNATIONAL SUPPLEMENT TO THE MILITANT BASED ON SELECTIONS FROM INTERCONTINENTAL PRESS, A NEWSf'..;\AGAZINE REFLECTING THE VIEWPOINT OF REVOLUTIONARY SOCIALISM.

MAY 4, 1973

BiQgest actions since May 1968 continue in France Chanting "It's been five years, but federation of Labor, the country's tingents of foreign workers, one of provinces as well as in Paris on April here we are again!" about 100,000 largest trade-union federation, led by them consisting of North Africans. 9. The April 14 issue of the Paris persons - students, high-schoolers, the Communist party), the CFDT The unity in action maintained on daily Le Monde (which underestimat­ technical-school students, and workers (Confederation Franr;aise Democra­ the march was especially significant ed the size of the Paris action) gave -stepped off from Paris's Place de tique du Travail- French Democratic in that it represented a response to the following figures: la Nation April 9 for the third "na­ Confederation of Labor, the Socialist­ the belligerent statements made April Toulouse 10,000; Lyon · 4,000- tional day of action" against the re­ party-led union federation), the FEN 7 by Premier Pierre Messmer. He de­ 5,000; Montpellier, Strasbourg 4,000; gime's attempts to "rationalize" its ar­ (Federation de !'Education Nationale manded, less than politely, that the Nantes 3,500; Marseille 3,000; Dijon, my and educational system. -National Education Federation, a students call off their struggle: "They Rouen 2,000; Nice, Aix-en-Provence, The demonstration demanded that major teachers union),- and other trade had better understand that they must Bordeaux, Clermont-Ferrand 1,500. the government reestablish student unions. restore order. If they don't, we'll damn In Brest, Poitiers, Limoges, Tours, draft deferments that were abolished The route and demands of the dem­ well make them." Le Havre, and Angers actions of by the "Debre law" and the extension onstration were decided in a series If Messmer expected the youth to about 1,000 took place. of the right of deferment to all youth. of negotiation meetings between rep­ be intimidated by this, he was mis­ On April 10, the Easter vacation It also called for the repeal of the resentatives of the unions and the stu­ taken. "No, Messmer, we will not re­ period began. The regime appears to decrees establishing the DEUG (Di­ dent coordinating committees. store order!" became a slogan of the be counting on a week's rest calming plomes d' Etudes Universitaires Gene­ This in itself marked a victory for marchers. the youth down. But the April 9 dem­ rales- General University Studies Pi­ the movement. It was the first time While maintaining unity in action onstration indicates that this is not plomas ), new certificates issued after that the Stalinist trade-union leader­ against the government threats, the a likely turn of events. The organizers two years of study and designed to ship was compelled to recognize the April 9 demonstration was far from of the action, both the strike commit­ churn out semitrained labor for the independent student committees (many homogeneous politically. The CGT tees and the trade unions, have called French capitalist class. of them led by members of the Ligue leaders, while forced to cosponsor the for a huge demonstration on May 1 Communiste, French section of the march, did not give up their basic , as the next target date in the mobili­ Student protests against the Debre Fourth International) as authoritative orientation: trying to convince the zation. law and the decrees setting up the bodies representing large numbers of workers and student youth to put their The April 11 Le Monde quoted the DEUG had mobilized hundreds of militant activists. faith in the Union of the Left and Ligue f'ommuniste's statement on the - thousands during the previous three The unity in action achieved at the its Common Program. "The only so­ coming phase of the struggle: "The weeks. But the April 9 demonstration negotiating meetings was reflected in lution is popular union" and "The only Ligue Communiste calls on all the marked the first time large numbers the march itself. Strike committees solution is the Common Program" youth to prepare to continue the fight, of workers turned out. The demon­ from nearly every high school, tech­ were the CGT chants; to which the in alliance with the working class and stration was supported by the strike nical school, and university in the contingents organized by the strike the young inductees. May 1 must be committees that have been leading the Paris area mobilized contingents. The committees responded: "The only so­ the next step in this struggle, provided high-school and student actions, as CGT brought out dozens of factory lution is revolution" and "To hell with it is organized jointly by all the forces well as by the CGT (Confederation contingents from Paris and the sub­ parliament, power is in the streets!" involved, which will be the only guar­ Generale du Travail- General Con- urbs. There were at least two con- Demonstrations were held in the antee against co-optation." 0

French fascists attack student demonstrations The student demonstrations in border, police attacked 1,000 students "They wanted to mop up the Latin innumerable provocations the gang­ France have provoked an increase occupying the liberal arts school April Quarter. On Tuesday, April 3, the sters had committed at the schools in activity by fascist goons. Ordre 3. Rouge reports th!it "forty-five stu­ fascists gave it their all; but they ut­ and campuses during the current mo­ Nouveau (New Order) is the principal dents were wounded, two of them seri­ terly failed to come off as the last bilization. fascist group. In Poitiers, a small city ously. At 3:00 in the afternoon the bastion of Western order against the "The charge was violent and impos­ about 130 miles southeast of Paris, following day Charlie Welchinger, an youth uprising. sible to block. The fascist contingent a member of the Ligue Communiste, 'independent Trotskyist' candidate in "Shouting 'Leftist scum, Ordre Nou­ was broken, through and through, all the French section of the Fourth In­ Strasbourg during the elections who veau will have your ass! ' 300 gang­ along its length. ternational, was seriously wounded by had been struck by a grenade shot sters assembled at Sevres-Babylone "Those among the fascist strong­ the fascists. 1 'at close range,' came out of his coma. and made for Duroc. Waiting for them arms who were not laid out in the In Paris, Bernard Chapuy, another But a second wounded student, whose there were 100 antifascists, high­ gutter were saved only because they Ligue member,_ was beaten by a squad name has not gotten through the wall schoolers and students, fed up with the were experienced sprinters." 0 of 40 fascist gangsters. At last report, of silence erected by the police depart­ he lies near death. The attack took ment, still hovers between life and place April 1 while Chapuy was selling death. A grenade shot from a range Rouge, the newspaper of the Ligue. of twenty meters had pierced his chest. The fascists have had the complicity "An accident?" Rouge asks, and an­ of the police. In Poitiers the police swers: "Cops who aim at demonstra­ showed up April 2 to club students tors with their grenade launchers only after the fascists had ended their know very well that the projectile, fired attack. At the Assas faculty of the at such a close range, can be just Sorbonne, the Groupe Union Defense as fatal as a bullet. The Strasbourg (United Defense Group- the legal cops wanted to kill!" cover of Ordre Nouveau) carried out However, these attacks have not goon squad attacks for months under gone unanswered. In Strasbourg the the eyes of the university administra­ trade unions protested the attack and tion. have joined with the students in plan­ Recently, the Assas students occupied ning a united response to it. Students the administrative offices in the in Caen, Rennes, and Montpellier have Pantheon. There they found documents occupied campus offices in response showing that the Groupe Union De­ to the Strasbourg attack. fense had been storing up gasoline, Elsewhere, the students have orga­ plastic explosives, and other weapons. nized defense guards to protect them­ The officials had kept these documents selves from the fascist goons. The ·secret. April 6 issue of Rouge describes one In Strasbourg, a city on the German example: Fascist goons find discretion the better- part of valor World Outlook W0/2

Sees struggle between 'Communism and Trotskr.ism' ~Le Monde' evaluates French· student movement By Thierry Pfister pirations through these bodies. -semiskilled workers], or the immi­ resistance on the part of other far-left In their struggle against the aboli­ grant workers, has undergone a basic formations of a more "spontaneist" tion of deferments, the high-schoolers change since 1968 and the years im­ persuasion, like Revolution. [The following article, entitled "The have thrown up original organization­ mediately following. There is no long­ An important analytical divergence High-School Movement and Politics, al forms, but it remains no less true er any question· of standing apart has especially appeared within the Pa­ A Struggle for Influence Between Com­ that most of the leaders of the co­ from struggles that may be "perverted" ris high-school collective, which in munists and Trotskyists," appeared on ordinating committees are politicized by the presence of "ultraleftist" ele­ practice plays the role of a national the front page of the April 8-9 issue militants. This phenomenon is quite ments. Not only has the CP support­ collective. This divergence broke out of the influential Paris daily Le naturally explained by the fact that ed such movements, but-in the case during the preparations for the April Monde. the political militants are the only ones of the OS at Renault, for example- 2 demonstrations. The Ligue Commu- [While its author betrays a certain who know how to set up general as­ cynical attitude, the article does pre­ semblies, establish contacts between sent a basically accurate account of different schools, and set up strike some of the issues raised by the new committees. They know how to ex­ upsurge of youth in France. The fact press in organizational terms the de­ that Le Monde views the French Trot­ mands of rank-and-filers who are less skyist movement as strong enough highly politicized than they them­ to wage a battle for hegemony against selves. the Stalinists is in itself a significant The thing that is new, compared indication of the changi_ng balance of with 196 8, is that in essence all these forces in French politics. militants belong to organizations that [One inaccuracy in the article is that are connected, more or less directly, it tends to give the impression that the with the current of Trotskyism. While French Communist Party has under­ the Ligue Communiste [French section gone a basic shift in policy. In reality, of the Fourth International] holds first as the French Trotskyists have pointed place within this current, we must also out, it has merely made a tactical take note of the presence of members change. The text of the article is re­ of the Alliance des Jeunes pour le printed below. The translation is by Socialisme [Alliance of Youth for So­ Intercontinental Press.] cialism, of Lambertist persuasion], the Alliance Marxiste Revolutionnaire [Revolutionary Marxist Alliance, a group headed by Michel Pablo], and The movement that began among the communist organization Revolu­ the high-schoolers and -is now devel­ tion [a split-off from the Ligue Com­ oping among the apprentices of the muniste]. In addition, Lutte Ouvriere, CET [Colleges d'Enseignement Tech­ which until now has hardly intervened nique, technical education institutions] anywhere but in the factories, has de­ and the university students allows us cided to actively participate in the to see to what extent the breadth of movement that has been touched off political ideas that opened among the in the CET. youth in 1968 has narrowed. Since The young socialists (whether mem­ that time, only two political forces bers of the Socialist party or of the have been expressing themselves co­ PS U [Parti Socialiste U nifie- United herently and mobilizing significant Socialist party]) have been reduced numbers of militants: Communism to issuing communiques. As for the and Trotskyism. so-called Maoist movements (of the While the former has the advantage spontaneist variety), after a short­ of cohesiveness, it also has the handi­ lived attempt to bring out a news­ cap of having come on the scene a bit paper, entitled l'Entonnoir [The Fun­ belatedly, so it has had to hitch on nel], they practically disappeared. to a movement whose control still in The present movement has also ex­ ·part evades it. Certainly, the Com­ posed the vacuity of the initials munist party is present among the UNEF, whether wielded by the CP student youth- through the UNEF­ or by the AJS. [The Stalinists and the Renouveau [Union Nationale des Etu- Lambertists each maintain separate organizations, both called UNEF. The Stalinist version adds "Renou­ veau" to the initials.] The organized political forces par­ ticipating in the high-school move­ ment tried to maintain an exemplary discretion by not dominating the gen­ eral assemblies, but the probability of a rapid demobilization led them to more clearly take charge of the gen­ eral assemblies' operations. Up to now, the size of the demon­ Students and young workers on the march in Paris strations has surprised the far-left groups. The approach of the vacation period and the concessions the gov­ it has pressed for effective mobiliza­ niste and the Alliance Marxiste Revo­ ernment suggested it might make on tions and therefore for broadening so­ lutionnaire defended the line that con­ the question of deferments led them cial struggles. tacts should be made with the workers' to fear that the movement would run This total reversal of strategy has trade unions in order to broaden the out of steam. Right now, they are not come off without hitches. Thus, movement. The communist organiza­ also worried about relaunching action in a few provincial cities, CP leaders, tion Revolution, on the other hand, CGT head Seguy: forced to go along with when the schools open after the vaca­ no doubt extending the political com­ judged that this would risk having the youth mobilizations tions. The far-left groups are also con­ mittee's new line a bit too far, have movement co-opted. (It is a little arti­ cerned about not letting the Commu­ gone so far as to sign joint leaflets ficial to reduce such debates only to nist party "co-opt" the movement, with the Ligue Communiste, the Trot­ the political groups, because high­ diants de France- National Union of which process it began by calling for skyist organization led by Alain Kri­ schoolers who do not belong to any Students of France (Resurgent)] and the April 9 and May 1 demonstra­ vine. The leaders of the Ligue, who organization also take part in the ses­ UNCAL [Union Nationale des Co­ tions. for a long time have been trying to sions of the collectives.) mites d'Action Lyceens - National The policy of the Communist par­ get "recognized" in this way by .the The final vote endorsed the Ligue's Union of High-School Action Com­ ty toward social movements that grow whole official left, are doing their ut­ point of view, 68 to 60, although, as mittees]; but it has not always suc­ up outside it, whether it be high­ most to make gains from this situa­ can be seen, not in an extremely sharp ceeded in expressing the youth's as- schoolers, the OS [ ouvriers specialises tion. Nevertheless, they are meeting manner. Because they disagreed with y.I0/3

this perspective, the Revolution mem­ April 9 demonstration proposed by bers walked out of the organizing col­ the unions (pending the agreement of lective, that is, out of the movement's the national coordinating committee, World news notes "executive." which meets Saturday (April 7]), took In its concern about resisting any exception to the fact that the two "co-optation" of the movement, Revo­ UNEFs and UNCAL were among the South African strike wave continues lution illustrates the "leftist" spirit of signatories of the call. The strike com­ The South African strike wave that begin in Durban last January the movement. This group proposes mittees want in this way to reaffirm shows no sign of abating, despite the fact that strikes and union setting up action committees, more the independence of the present move­ organizing by Black workers is outlawed. In March the govern­ narrow than the strike committees, m'ent, in which they intend, moreover, ment called in troops to break a strike at the Alusaf aluminum plant that would constitute the embryo of to take up certain slogans not being in Richards Bay by operating the plant. But the aluminum strike a movement of youth. Nevertheless, raised right now. was followed by another, this one of Black construction workers. the '1eftists" know that the high-school This fear about independence was "Black labor unrest in Johannesburg, South Africa's major indus­ scene is more capable of riding with even more clearly defended by Revo­ trial region, has accelerated to the rate of one strike a day," reports political differences, and that in order lution members who, contrary to the an Associated Press dispatch in the April 11 Christian Science Moni­ to increase its power, it is necessary Ligue, refuse to make the strike com­ tor. AP reported that in the previous month workers had struck to bring to bear the weight of the mittees co-organizers of Monday's bread, milk, and newspaper deliveries, and had begun to close workers. [April 9] demonstration. They propose down supermarkets and engineering factories in Johannesburg's The political battle now unfolding instead that a contingent of high­ suburbs. Bus drivers called off their strike only at the last minute. within the high-school and student schoolers, students, and CET appren­ Frederick Hunter, writing in the April 20 Monitor, reports that committees is only the first passage tices be formed to follow behind the "new wage terms are being negotiated almost daily." Black work­ of arms. In fact, the problem came up trade-union demonstration. This posi­ ers have won annual pay increases totaling more than $100-million. again Thursday night [April 5] when tion was once again a minority one, "But even, so," writes Hunter, "the recipients represent less than 15 the workers' and teachers' trade but the debate that has been started percent of the African work force and, despite the increases, many unions proposed a joint demonstra­ over the movement's independence of these workers will still not earn enough to bring them above tion for Monday, April 9; and it will and the forms it must adopt will come the poverty datum line [officially defined as $100 a month for a come up again around May 1. up again in the general assemblies family of five)." The strike wave has been fueled by runaway inflation. The season­ The CGT (Confederation Generale that have been convoked in many ally adjusted annual rate of inflation for the first three months of du Travail- General Confederation of educational institutions. 1973 was 13 percent. Prices for bread and milk have recently gone Labor, the country's largest trade­ The strike committees have one im­ up, and the government has just announced increases of as much union federation, dominated by the portant trump card in their test of as 15 percent on the price of corn, a staple in the diet of Blacks Stalinists] apparently hopes to rees­ strength with the CP. That is that the in South Africa. tablish the authority of UNEF and CFDT (Confederation Franc,;aise De­ The continuation of this industrial struggle represents a serious UNCAL, which have until now per­ mocratique du Travail- French Dem­ problem for the South African regime. Workers taking part in strikes ceptibly trailed behind the develop­ ocratic Confederation ·of Labor, the Socialist-party-led trade-union confed­ can be banished from the industrial areas to "Bantustan" reserva­ ment of the situation. The Trotsky­ tions at any time by the government or their employers, or jailed. ists' strength lies basically in their eration] indicated during the meetings held to prepare for the April 9 dem­ But the South African regime fears major repression could spark presence in the strike committees. The a more political upsurge of Black workers. Communists, for their part, are seek­ onstration that it would withdraw if ing to present UNEF and UNCAL as the committees were absent. a tendency within the movement in Now, one of the basic strengths of Uncle.Sam's little helper which the strike committees would be the present movement derlves from Israeli "advisers" are expected to move into South Vietnam soon, merely another current. the fact that all the political forces according to a· report in the December 15 issue of Ma'ariv a major of the left and the far left, and even Israeli paper. Gil Kessari, Ma 'ariv's correspondent in Saigon, re­ The CP's hopes can be seen behind a number of moderate elements, have this analysis: If tomorrow, because ports that "a government source in Saigon stressed that South Viet­ attained a fragile and provisional nam's military situation will be requiring aid in the form of mili­ of the vacations, the strike committees unity. Up to ·now, priority has been fall into do;.-mancy, the only remain­ tary advice now, and will do so more urgently in the future, if the given to the popular success of the country is to withstand communist subversion and aggression. Sai­ ing official representatives of the high­ movement. But from now on, its po­ gon will be needing advice on non-conventional defense methods as schoolers will be the members of litical orientation must be concretized. UNCAL. well as on how to construct self-defense posts in the rural areas." All the forces that have entered the That is why the Parisian student game are now playing their cards Immigrant workers strike at Renault coordinating committee, while agree­ one after the other, without the high­ The massive student upsurge taking place in France isn't the only ing in principle to participate in the schoolers really understanding this. 0 problem facing the Pompidou government. As of April 18 some 40,000 workers, out of the 96,000 employed by France's giant Renault auto company, were on strike or locked out. And Renault is considered a barometer for French industry. hood councils, cooperative associa­ The conflict began with the strike of 373 assembly-line workers in tions, etc. This has been facilitated by the Boulogne-Billancourt plant southwest of Paris. Three-quarters of the existence of many lower officials these workers were immigrants. The immigrant workers, who make belonging to the left wing of the SP, up 14 percent of the French working class, come mainly from Al­ the left wing of MAPU [Movimiento geria, Spain, Portugal, and Italy. They are discriminated against ... Chile de Accion Popular Unitaria- Move­ generally and confined to the most menial and unskilled jobs. Continued from page W04 ment for United Popular Action], or • The combativity and organiza­ other currents, who have yielded to The striking Billancourt workers perform the same set of motions 353 times an hour 43 hours a week. Starting pay is about $75 tion that have been traditional in them the pressure of the masses. The most since their inception as a result of notable case was that of the Alma­ a week, and commuting time to the job averages two to three hours. Only 16 of the striking workers had been given the "qualified" status the fact that the land they are built cenes Populares de Agencias Graham that would enable them to move upward to better jobs. on had to be taken by force, which [a chain of stores]. The Communist Party, which is in the leadership of the General required prior organization and fac­ For some time, the left wing- the Confederation of Labor, endorsed the strike, fearing that it would ing many clashes with the police. SP left, the left wing of MAPU, the be left behind by the ranks if it didn't. Nan Robertson, writing Many of them, such as the "Nueva M IR, the Partido Socialista Revolu­ from Paris in the April 4 New York Times, reported that "last week La Habana" [New Havana] encamp­ cionario [Revolutionary Socialist par-, Renault management offered the strikers a cent-an-hour raise but ment, have kept their block organi­ ty, the Chilean section of the Fourth refused to give them the higher rank they sought. 'Victory for the zations to this day. International]- has been demanding Workers!' cried a headline in L'Humanite, the Communist news­ • Many of them are led by mem­ rationing under some kind of pop­ paper. The unions congratulated themselves, the strikers refused the bers of the MIR [Movimiento de Iz­ ular control. This has been called by offer." quierda Revolucionaria- Movement various names: "the family market Most recently the issue of how much workers will be paid as a re­ of the Revolutionary Left] or left So­ basket," "ration cards," "certificate of sult of time lost because of lockouts has been added to the conflict. cialists. residence," etc. e Many of them lack any licensed Until recently the CP tenaciously op­ merchants. posed rationing. At present, see­ Italian fascists burn socialist printshop For this last reason, direct distri­ ing that the popular efforts for di­ On the night of March 28, a fascist gang attacked the Casalotti bution was "legally" authorized in rect distribution are increasing and printshop in Rome, where the books of the Savelli publishing house these settlements. And this practice causing it to lose some of its grass were printed, as well as Bandiera Rossa, the organ of the Gruppi gradually spread to other areas where roots support, it is yielding somewhat Comunisti Rivoluzionari (Revolutionary Communist Groups, the there were merchants. on this question. Italian section of the · Fourth International). The presses were The restrictions placed on the JAP In the field of distribution, and in jammed, the headline type destroyed, and the stocks of books and by the government have been counter­ others, the contradiction between the pamphlets published by the Italian Trotskyists were burned. productive in some areas, especially masses and the system grows more A special issue of Bandiera Rossa appeared only two days after in the shantytowns. Instead of stop­ acute every day. Every day it is more the attack. It called for a united demonstration against the fascist ping the push toward direct distribu­ difficult for the UP government to terror and issued an appeal for financial support. tion, they have led to its being taken maintain an equilibrium. Every day over by other bodies, which may be new scarcities occur, and this does called by various names- neighbor- not augur well for the balancers. 0 World Outlook W0/4

Does not augur well for the 'balancers' Allende calls Chilean workers organize distribution workers' By Hugo Blanco the working class. Previously the de Precios- Supply and Price Control demands workers were subjected to strict ra­ Santiago Boards], which in theory are supposed f • ' Just as in production great and ir­ tioning, since the windows and shelves to be made up of the local people provocations reconcilable conflicts exist between the of the stores were full of goods that and merchants in city neighborhoods. they could not buy because of their The JAP have the task of receiving The watchword under which the private sector and the state secto,r, Central Committee of the Chilean in which there are various degrees of low wages. Now, as a result of their the goods sent out to each sector by struggle, their wages are higher. the national distribution agencies and Communist party held a plenary ses­ workers' participation and control; sion April 1 was: "The people take the strong conflicting pulls have also ap­ As for the effects of the scarcity, distributing them among the mer­ one is long lines, hundreds of persons chants in the area. offensive: to increase production and peared in the field of distribution, develop the national economy." The where the fundamental antagonism is in some cases waiting to buy a liter The power of these bodies fluctuates of cooking oil, a kilo of detergent, depending upon how much pressure battle for production, the gathering growing clearer day by day. decided, requires a more intense ideo­ On the one hand, there are the cap­ a pack of cigarettes, a roll of toilet is brought to bear on the government paper, a tube of toothpaste, or some­ and upon the militancy of the pop­ logical struggle and the defeat of the italists, the various levels of private "ultraleftist" positions of the MIR (Mo­ traders. This sector is fighting for the thing else. Some articles are sold as ulation. vimiento de Izquierda Revolucionaria return of all distribution to private soon as they are made- sheets, ankle Once the JAP were permitted wide - Movement of the Revolutionary hands, for complete "freedom" of com­ Left), according to a United Press merce. International report in the April 2 On the opposite side is the mass of issue of the Dominican daily El Listin consumers who every day are fight­ Diario. The M IR, it said, "is a divi­ ing more consciously for centralizing sive factor within the popular move­ distribution under popular control. ment and must be firmly combatted." In the center, in the slack. between Two days later, in a radio and tele­ these two opposing forces, are the gov­ viSIOn. speech, President Salvador ernment and the reformists, trying to Allende warned that it was his gov­ maintain an equilibrium that is be­ ernment's intention to thwart any at­ coming more and more untenable. tempts to solve the problem of food As for the immediate causes of the shortages through direct action: "To scarcity that exists, we can cite: 1) The imperialist boycott. This be­ claim that the problem can be solved gan even before Allende took power through take-overs of state-owned and and since he took office it has assumed private distribution agencies is not serious dimensions. The case of Ken­ only an error, it is a provocation. It necott Copper (which took legal ac­ is a position that stands in opposition tion to have exports from the nation­ to the government and the popular alized mines seized) and the stopping masses." of shipments of machinery and spare On April 4, some 1,800 bus drivers in the state-owned urban transporta­ parts are notorious examples. Tricontinental News Service 2) Low agricultural production. A cache of hoarded goods found at the home of a businessman by a local food distri­ tion company went on strike. The The principal cause of this is that in bution committee. government responded immediately carrying out the agrarian reform the by appointing General Herman Brady government allowed the landowners as interventor of the company until to remove their machinery, livestock, socks, refrigerators, etc. power. But, following this, their role the strike ends. seed, etc., from the confiscated area. Another effect is the black market, was restricted, with many of their func­ Speaking to the press the day after Added to this is the fact that the big a vast black market. There is also tions being handed over to the po­ the strike began, Undersecretary of ranchers who still hold their land have a lot of hoarding, some of which has lice at the same time that military of­ the Interior Daniel Vergara, a Com­ no interest in pushing production. Fi­ been uncovered and some of which ficers were being brought into the top munist, denounced the workers' eco­ nally, the bureaucracy involved with has not. posts in the distribution system. nomic demands as "going absolutely the agrarian reform is not exactly The right is taking advantage of At their height, besides receiving the too far" and charged that the strike a stimulus to developing the revolu­ this and waging a big campaign to goods and taking them to the mer­ was part of a concerted attempt tionary potential of the peasantry. discredit the government through the chants, the JAP maintained supervi­ throughout the country to provoke 3) Sabotage by the industrialists. press, radio, and television. During sion over the prices and weighing of confrontations. "The government is Many cases of this have been exposed the election campaign, it inundated products sold over the counter. To ready and willing to go right ahead by the workers: The bosses don't want the lines with leaflets. a lesser extent, they saw to it that and repress all these extremist ele­ to modernize equipment. They don't All this has succeeded in shifting sales were not made to two members ments," he warned, according to an want to repair machinery. They don't part of the middle class to the right. of the same family in a row. Once Associated Press dispatch published want to buy raw materials or even The government, which through the things reached this level, the consum­ in the April 6 issue of El Listin Diario. vital machine parts. Distiibuidora Nacional [DINAC -the ers saw that they were "unpaid em­ During the preceding twenty-four 4) Speculation. This has become the National Distribution Agency] and ployees of the storekeepers," realizing hours, Vergara said, police moved to most profitable sector of the Chilean other bodies, controls less than half that the merchants were unnecessary. break up a series of demonstrations economy. Seeing the possibility for of wholesale trade, has made efforts The shantytowns in the slum belt in Santiago and other cities that were doubling their investment overnight, to rationalize distribution without en­ around Santiago and other cities were protesting the scarcity of food and the big capitalists are pouring their croaching on the businessmen. The in the vanguard of this, as in other other goods. "Vergara said that some funds into this field, and this includes Communist party argues that any in­ aspects. There were mflny reasons 300 squatters from the settlements the money the landowners have gotten terference with them would mean "los­ why this happened: Nueva Habana, La Hermida, and thanks to the "democratic" agrarian ing the support of the middle class." e Their proletarian or semiproletar­ San Rafael occupied Vicuna Mac­ reform. The government has created the JAP ian composition. kenna Avenue, which led to clashes 5) The increased buying power of [Juntas de Abastecimiento y Control Continued on page W03 when the Carabineer corps arrived on the scene to disperse them," report­ The Coming Confrontation Intercontinental Press ed the Buenos Aires daily La Opinion P. 0. Box 116, Village Station April6. Where is Allende taking Chile? I Five civilians and five carabineers When the chips are down, where will ::::o_r_k,_N_Y_1_0_0_1_4______were reported wounded and thirty­ the military stand? What are the orga­ I eight persons arrested, twenty-four of nizations of the workers, peasants, and whom were subsequently released. The the left doing? What are their pro­ AP report in El Listin Diario put the grams? What are the perspectives number of persons arrested at sixty, facing the Chilean people? : Address all of whom, it said, were identified For the answers read Intercontinen­ City------­ as members of the MIR. "The dem­ tal Press, the only English-language I onstrations led by the MIR," it said, weeki y magazine that specializes on "constituted an open challenge to the news and analysis of revolutionary ; State------Zip ----- call for tranquillity made by Allende struggles from Canada _to Chile and during his Tuesday speech on radio all around the world. and television, in which he also an­ Intercontinental Press: A socialist antidote to the Iies of the capitalist 1I I Enclosed is $7.50 for six months. nounced that a system will be set up media. I l l Enclosed is $15 for one year. to 'rationalize' the distribution of some food products." 0 ITT loses bid for insurance on Chile holding§ U.S. plots against Allende traced to 1964 From Intercontinental Press tiated the plot against Allende and that By ALLEN MYERS the ITT had merely offered its assis­ International Telephone and Tele­ tance in a spirit of patriotism and \--~ graph Corporation (ITT) has lost, public service. l Q;_. for the moment, its attempts to have In this situation, an approval by U. S. taxpayers reimburse it for the the OPIC of ITT's claim for compen­ loss of a subsidiary nationalized by sation would have amounted to an the. Chilean government. On April 9, admission that the Nixon administra­ the Overseas Private Investment Cor­ tion had conspired to interfere in the poration ( OPIC), a U.S. government Chilean elections. This would have agency that insures U.S. private in­ created a political storm in Washing­ vestments in foreign countries, turned ton, where it is an article of faith that down ITT's claim for $92,600,000. ·the U.S. government never intervenes The OPIC's decision was not unex­ in another country unless asked to do pected, even though the U. S. govern­ so by the duly constituted, u. s."ap­ ment is normally not very reluctant pointed local dictatorship. about . dishing out public funds­ Interestingly enough, however, whether as insurance, tax credits, sub­ OPIC's announcement did not men­ sidies, or whatever -to big corpora­ tions. For one thing, portions of such tion ITT's efforts to overthrow Allende donations have a way of finally end­ as the basis for its decision. Instead, the company was accused of"noncom­ ing up in the coffers of whichever par­ pliance with contractual obligations," - ty is in power, ITT's $400,000 contri­ which presumably means something bution to Nixon's reelection fund Another portion of the $20,000,000 to lawyers if not to the public. OPIC election. Jn the 1964 Chilean elections, being only one example of this ten­ Stern disclosed, the CIA and the State expended went toward the main­ dency. (The strict· canons of capitalist President Bradford Mills was quoted as saying, "ITT failed to comply with Department had spent $20,000,000 tenance of the "free press": morality declare such roundabout backing the winning candidate, Ed­ "Covert financing was arranged for its obligation under the OPIC con­ procedures more ethical-and less uardo Frei of the Christian Demo­ a newspaper friendly to the political tracts to disclose material information likely to catch public attention-than crats. interests of Christian Democrat Frei. to OPIC. In addition, ITT increased direct raids on the treasury.) Stern's story was "pieced together 'The layout was magnificent. The OPIC' s risk of loss by failing to1 pre­ In the present instance, ITT made photographs were superb. It was a serve administrative remedies as re­ from the accounts of officials who par­ the mistake of publicly admitting be­ Madison Avenue product far above quired by the contracts, and by failing ticipated in the actions and policies fore a Senate subcommittee that it had of that period." the standards of Chilean publications,' offered the CIA $1,000,000 to help to protect OPIC's interests as a po­ tential successor to ITT's rights." Originally, Stern wrote, U.S. of­ recalled another State Department vet­ p,revent Salvadore Allende's election ficials were divided over which eran of the campaign." in 1970 or, failing that, to destroy ITT immediately announced that it of Allende's opponents they should "'The State Department maintained the Chilean economy in the hope of would appeal the decision to a panel back- Frei or the conservative Sena­ a facade of neutrality and proclaimed instigating a military coup. of "impartial arbitrators," who have tor Julio Duran. The definitive choice it from time to time,' according to ITT's forthright admission-made the power to overrule the OPIC' s de­ of Frei was made only after Duran one source who played an important after conflicting testimony from com­ cision. While we would not presume lost a by-election to a Communist can­ Washington role in inter-American pany and CIA officials caused sub­ to judge the question of compliance didate. This may have been the last p·olicy at the time of the election. committee members to threaten prose­ or noncompliance with "contractual time Chilean voters exercised any in­ "'Individual officers-an economic cution for perjury- seemingly sub­ obligations," a Washington Post fluence over the results of the election. counselor or a political counselor­ jected its claim for compensation to an reporter has unearthed evidence indi­ Stern wrote: would look for opportunities. And OPIC rule that prohibits payment if cating that ITT would have a better "' U ,. S. government intervention in where it was a question of passing the nationalization was provoked by chance of winning its case if the ar­ Chile in 1964 was blatant and almost money, forming a newspaper or com­ the company's own actions. bitrators were ruling only on whether obscene,' said one strategically placed munity development program, the op­ This rule did not cause the corpora­ anti-Allende plots were official U.S. intelligence officer at the time. 'We were erational people would do the work. tion's executives to despair completely, policy. shipping people off right and left, '"AID found itself suddenly over­ however, since it contains an escape In the April 6 issue of that paper, mainly State Department but also CIA staffed, looking around for peasant clause permitting such provocations if Laurence Stern may also have ryro with all sorts of covers.'" groups or projects for slum dwellers,' it can be shown that they were in vided a motive for tht- CIA's alleged Some of the CIA money was fun­ he recalled. 'Once you established a conformity with the policy of the U. S. refusal of ITT's proffered $1,000,000: neled through an organization called policy of building support among government. The executives' testimony On the basis of its past experience, the the International Development FoJ.In­ peasant groups, government workers therefore attempted to show that the spy agency knew that $1,000,000 was dation ( IDF), which subsidized peas­ and trade unions, the strategies fell CIA or the State Department had ini- not nearly enough to prevent Allende's ant organizations friendly to Frei. into place.' " New appeal for aid to Argentine prisoners NEW YORK, April 21- The U.S. everything. All types of international Children in Villa Devoto Prison, the Committee for Justice to Latin Ameri­ solidarity actions are of enormous article continues, "are permitted only can Political Prisoners ( USLA) an­ utility and we must insist on them." three hours of recreation a week. The nounced today an intensified cam­ USLA is calling on its supporters rest of the time they are confined with paign for the release of the more than in every city of the United States to their mothers in individual cells, nar­ 500 political prisoners in Argentina. send an open letter to the newspapers, row and unhygienic enclosures which The Lanusse military dictatorship signed by local prominent figures, de­ are damp, full of insects. and where is supposed to leave office May 25 tailing the abuse of human and civil water even comes in when it rains. and turn the power over to an elected rights in Argentina and calling for They are not allowed to receive milk government headed by the Peronist the release of all political prisoners. or other nutritious foods .... " Hector Campora. But there is wide­ These letters will then be delivered USLA has been waging a campaign spread fear that before the military to Argentine authorities here and in for the past year and a half in defense steps down it may stage another mas­ Buenos Aires to let them know the of Argentine political prisoners and sacre of political prisoners. Last Au­ breadth of support in the United States has won considerable support. More gust, 16 political prisoners were mur­ for restoring democratic rights in than 250 prominent individuals in the dered at the Trelew prison in southern Argentina. U. S. have endorsed the effort. Some Argentina. The following are some of the case-s of the most recent endorsers are Con­ USLA's new campaign of pressure that USLA has recently learned about: gresswoman Bella Abzug; David Kil­ on the Argentine government comes Dr. N orberto Rey of the Institute lian, director of the Paulist Center in in response to appeals from three Ar­ of Medical Investigations in Buenos Boston; Professor Britta Fischer of gentine organizations working in de­ Aires has been held for a year under Emmanuel College; Gene Guerrero Jr., fense of political prisoners. The three an executive order without ever executive director of the Georgia Civil are the Foro de Buenos Aires por la coming to trial. In an ad in the April Liberties Union; and the Reverend Vigencia de los Derechos Humanos to demand of the Argentine military 7 issue of the Buenos Aires daily Charles Pickett of the General Theo­ (Buenos Aires Forum for the Defense dictatorship the physical-mental integ­ Clarin, his colleagues report that he logical Seminary in New York. of Human Rights), the Partido So­ rity of the political prisoners who are has been systematically mistreated. Significant victories have been won cialista de los Trabajadores (Socialist housed in true 'concentration camps,' The new Ruenos Aires tabloid Li­ in the course of USLA's work. Interna~ Workers Party), and the Juventud with only 60 minutes a day ofexercise, beracion reports that mothers who tional campaigns helped to free Peronista (Peronist Youth). confined in small individual cells with chose to remain with their infants while Norma Morello, a rural Catholic The letter received by USLA from restricted family visits. in prison have to accept a situation school teacher imprisoned and tor­ a representative of the Juventud Peron­ "It is necessary to mobilize without in which "the children are condemned tured in 1971, and CasianaAhumada, ista states in part: "It is imperative waiting for May 25 and the assump­ to .auffer the same inhuman treatment editor of the respected Buenos Aires that USLA be mobilized with urgency tion of power by Campora to solve as their mothers.... " monthly Cristianismo y Revolucion.

THE MILITANT/MAY 4, 1973 13 Kawaida Black workers in Atlanta keep· Towers: up the pressure in Rich's strike Nat'l Black By TONY DUTROW ATLANTA, April 22 -"Don't shop, boycott!" This is the militant chant ·Assembly still echoing through the streets of downtown Atlanta after three weeks of the strike and boycott against Rich's department stores, the largest retail threatens chain in the Southeast. The strikers are demanding an end to racism on the job, racist hiring legal action and promotional practices, and higher wages. Rich's pays its workers as little By BAXTER SMITH as $1.50 an hour, a pittance that has NEW ARK, April 18 -A new stage become even more inadequate with the has been reached in the effort to pur­ current rapid inflation. sue construction on Kawaida Towers Mass picket lines have turned the in Newark, N.J. giant downtown store into a deserted Kawaida Towers is a low-to-middle building. Many whites have refused to income housing project sponsored by cross the picket lines and few, if any, the Temple of Kawaida, headed by Blacks have.. In addition to picket Imamu Amiri Baraka. ,Construction lines, . the strikers have been carrying on the 16-story project has been halted out daily actions of various types. for about three weeks because of con­ On April 18 a mass strike support April 21 strike support demonstration tinued picketing and pressure from march left Atlanta University, a group white racists who oppose it. of five predominantly Black colleges, tions continued. An early evening can­ for hiring Blacks. These racists, headed by State As­ and proceeded to the main entrance dlelight march April 20 went from Long considered a liberal employer, semblyman Anthony Imperiale, claim of Rich's downtown store. About 200 Atlanta University to the downtown Rich's was one of the first "respect­ "this is no racial thing." One picketer marchers arrived in time to meet the store. Some 200 marchers circled the able" firms in the Southeast to hire argued, "These are the same people evening rush hour. A brief rally drew store, and in about 15 minutes Rich's Blacks in any numbers. This was part who take the government's money and at least 300 more people, mostly security guards locked up for the eve­ of a conscious attempt to cool down spit on the flag." Blacks. ning, more than an hour before the racial tensions in Atlanta. But The project is being built in an area The next day Richard Rich, chair­ scheduled closing time. Brown's experience demonstrates the of Newark's North Ward that is 90 man of the board of Rich's depart­ On April 21, the last shopping day token nature of this "nondiscrim­ percent Black and Puerto Rican. Yet ment stores, was asked his opinion before Easter, the striker~ again held inatory" policy. these whites claim Kawaida Towers of the strike. Unaware that a reporter a march and rally at the store. That Since there are no unions at Rich's will "bring down our neighborhood." was present, he proceeded to acuse same day Hosea Williams ledpicketers and in other stores and industries in At a news conference today, mem­ the Reverend Hosea Williams of the into one of Rich's suburban stores. much of the Southeast, workers have bers of the National Black Assembly's Southern Christian Leadership Con­ Within an hour no Black people re­ little defense against the lowering of Kawaida Towers Inquiry announced ference, who has been active in helping mained within it or crossed the picket their standard of living in the face the preliminary findings of a two-day to organize support for the strike, of line. of inflation and other pressures. But study they just completed. being "a drunkard, charlatan, and ex­ This tenacity on the part of the Atlanta employers apparently think The March meeting of the National tortionist." strikers stems from the experiences that any defense is too much. They Black Assembly ( NBA) authorized the The workers who dared to walk the they have had as Rich's employees. fear that economic concessions on Inquiry into the Kawaida Towers situ­ picket lines were accused of being Ernie Brown, a key organizer of the their part will result in workers de­ ation. The news conference and in­ Williams's "paid professionals." The strike/boycott, spoke at a Militant manding higher wages where tran­ quiry were presided over by Irv Joy­ only bona fide Rich's workers on the Bookstore Forum April 20 and ex­ quility now reigns. ner, chairman of the housing commit­ lines, he claimed, were "younger, newer plained the reason he was abruptly tee of the NBA. workers" being inflamed and fooled "terminated" from his job. Richard Rich was at the head of Joyner charged collusion between by Williams. A Black ex-Marine captain, a Viet­ this pack, urging intransigence when the contractor, unions, Newark police Williams publicly threatened to file nam veteran, and a graduate of Yale, Black workers walked out at Sears department, city councilmen, and a $2-million libel suit against Richard Brown was considered for a position Roebuck last summer, and at the other government officials as the Rich if he did not agree to the demands in Rich's personnel department. How­ Mead packaging company last fall. prime reason for the stalling on the of the workers. The same day Rich's ever, when he began to assign Black Now his turn has come. Rich's is project. He announced that the NBA public relations officer was on the air workers to jobs on the sole criterion large enough to hold out for some and the Congressional Black Caucus making a public apology to "Mr. of their qualifications, management sat time, but if the lack of Easter sales would investigate the possibility of Williams." him down and revealed that he had was any indication, it's going to cost taking legal action against those re­ In the meantime, the workers ac- gone beyond Rich's unstated "quota" the chain plenty. sponsible "for depriving the Newark Black community and officials of Ka­ w aida Towers of their civil rights." Joyner also announced that mem­ bers of the Inquiry would attempt to threats the NCLC had made, they York City the Socialist Workers Party meet with Newark Mayor Kenneth would not be permitted to enter the and Young Socialist Alliance have ini­ Gibson to urge him to take every step ... NCLC forum. After about 10 minutes of tiated a statement repudiating the necessary to allow the immediate con­ Continued from page 5 taunts and attempts to provoke a fight, NCL C' s hooliganism and asserting struction of the Towers. secretary of the Young Socialist Al­ they finally left. the right of all movement organiza­ Bob Pickett of the National Con­ liance. Pulley was speaking at Swarth­ In Chicago the ~arne evening, a tions to meet and express their ideas. ference of Black Lawyers announced more College in Swarthmore, Pa., at group of NCLC members attempted They are urging all movement orga­ that Bruno Lucarelli, general contrac­ the invitation of the Labor Forum, to enter the Militant Forum, shouting nizations and individual!? to sign it. tor for Kawaida Towers (who is a grouping of radical students and threats, but were kept out. That night In Philadelphia, the statement has bound to the contract by a $5-million professo.rs. vandal attacks were carried out been ·endorsed by many prominent performance bond) is attempting to According to Jean Savage of the against the joint headquarters of the individuals on the Temple University weasel out on a legalloophole-"frus­ Philadelphia SWP, NCLC members Militant Forum, SWP, and YSA, as campus, including Cathy Balsley, Ken tration of purpose." dominated the discussion period, well as against the Modern Bookstore Campbell, Ivan Cole, A.L. Lazada, Yesterday, Lucarelli filed a request y'elling out and intimidating other and Guild Bookstore, both of which Lamont Steptoe, Ahmed Waluilla, and with the New Jersey Housing Financ­ speakers. Stu Rosenblatt, an NCLC are associated with the Communist Treasa Walker. ing Agency that would allow him to leader, threatened Andrew Pulley by Party. suspend construction on the project saying, "The fate that awaits you is Chicago YSA organizer Tiona Gersh indefinitely. He based his claim on a the same fate that awaited Tony Mon­ told The Militant that when she arrived clause in the building agreement that teiro last week." (Monteiro was one for work the next morning, "the eleva­ concerns the contractor's ability to of the targets of the April 11 attack tor and the door to our hall were perform work at the project. Lucarelli on YWLL members.) plastered with copies of New Solidar­ claims that since the workers won't That evening Pulley spoke again ity, and the main door to the hall cross the picket lines, construction can­ at the Philadelphia Socialist Forum was covered with slogans in spray not proceed. held at the University ofPennsylvania. paint-swastikas, "Punks of the world The white skilled building tradesmen About 18 NCLC members were pre­ unite," "Commies go home," "KKK," have refused to cross the picket lines. vented from entering the meeting by as well as obscene and sexist remarks Howard Pryor, a Newark Black elec­ marshals, and had to content them­ -it looked like something that right­ trician, stated in the April 7 Baltimore selves with heckling from outside the wingers or cops would do." Afro-American that he "volunteered to doors. "We called up the Communist Party," help build Kawaida Towers and the On the same evening a group of said Gersch, "and found out that the union refused to refer him out." He about 12 NCLC members approached Guild Bookstore and Modern Book­ added, "black workers are willing to the entrance to the Upper West Side store had received similar treatment, Mil get out there and work but the truckers Militant Forum in New York City. with copies of New Solidarity plastered Andrew Pulley, national secretary of the will not even bring the building ma­ They were halted there by marshals across their storefronts." Young Socialist Alliance, has been terials to the Kawaida site." who told them that because of the In Chicago, Philadelphia, and New threatened by NClC goons.

14 Farm Workers launch 9fi#.P-.e bov..cott, strike UFW fights treachery by Teamster chiefs By MIGUEL PENDAS believe that these "petitions" are a to­ The one-year UFW contracts. are some of us would prefer them to the LOS ANGELES- In an escalating tal fraud. Many workers have reported comparable to the four-year Teamster wild-eyed political activists Chavez drive to destroy the United Farm to the UFW that foremen accompany pacts in terms of wages, bonuses per has." Workers Union, 15 table-grape grow­ Teamster organizers into the fields box picked, medical and unemploy­ Growers have more "confidence" in ers in the Coachella Valley signed and order workers to sign, threatening ment benefits, pension plan and griev­ the Teamsters because they know that sweetheart contracts April 15 with them with dismissal if they refuse. ance procedure. The significant differ­ their toothless contracts will not be Teamsters union officials. The agree­ An informal poll taken by promi­ ence in terms is that under the UFW enforced, regardless of the terms. ments were concluded in secret nego­ nent religious leaders and members of contract, employers must first go to tiating sessions behind the backs of Congress in 31 Coachella Valley fields the union hirh:ig hall for farm hands, The Teamster raids in the grape the field workers the day after con­ showed that the UFW and not the thereby eliminating the labor con­ fields are an especially grave threat tracts with the UFW expired. Teamsters is the clear choice of the tracting system. The Teamster con­ to the Farm Workers union because UFW President Cesar Chavez an­ workers. tracts, however, recognize the labor the grape workers have been key to nounced April 16 that his union is on Monsignor George Higgins of the contractors and perpetuate one of the union organizing efforts. It took a strike against growers who have not National Conference of Catholic Bish­ greatest abuses of farm workers. bitter five-year struggle to organize renewed their contracts with the UFW. ops and Representative Edward Roy­ One grower explained why the grow­ the vineyards. The decision to strike was made unan­ bal (D-Calif.) said that 795 workers ers sign contracts with the Teamsters The grape strike and boycott initi­ imously by field workers at mass voted to be represented by the UFW, with similar terms to those of the ated in 1965 received worldwide at­ meetings. The union has also called 80 picked the Teamsters, and 7 8 UFW. He said, "The trouble is that tention as a pioneer effort by agri­ a boycott of table grapes produced were for no union. the UFWU is run by $5-a-day reform­ cultural workers in winning basic by growers holding the phony con­ These figures make clear why both ers and they're like a bunch of new rights. It also helped spark the devel­ tracts with the Teamsters. Teamsters and growers have refused cops who want to hand out so many opment of the broader Chicano move­ UFW officials report the walkout to go along with elections proposed traffic tickets a day to prove their ment. has been 90 percent successful. Farm by Chavez in which the field workers worth." "If we lose here, we lose our identi­ workers are picketing about 40 vine­ could select the union of their choice. The Teamsters "don't have these en­ ty," said Chavez at a recent uniori ral­ forcers," he continued, "so naturally ly. "We're fighting for our lives." yards with union flags and placards It is well known that the UFW was reading, "Huelga!" (strike). More than built by the farm workers themselves 100 strikers have been arrested for and it has a record of fighting for the petty violations. workers' interests. Its staff is paid only On April 17, Chavez held a news $5 a week, plus room and board. In conference in Washington, D. C., where contrast to this, the well-heeled raiding he charged the Teamsters with taking operation of the Teamsters puts "or­ outright bribes from lettuce growers in ganizers" on the road at a $300 a 1970 to destroy the UFW. The follow­ week salary plus expenses, equipped ing day, AF L-C IO President George with shiny suits and sleek new cars, Meany pledged the full support of the according to Fred Hirsch writing in · labor federation to the UFW. the Feb. 23 El Malcriado, the UFW Teamster spokesman Al Droubie newspaper. claims his union represents the rna~ At many farms, UFW organizers jority of farm workers in the Coa­ face "No Trespassing" signs, vicious chella Valley and that soon the Valley dogs, and armed guards. But, grow­ will be "100 percent Teamster." To ers allow Teamsters free run of the back up this claim, petitions have fields to do their "organizing." been produced allegedly signed by Despite this, the biggest grower in thousands of field hands who want the valley, Lionel Steinberg, conceded to be represented by the Teamsters. that "a substantial number of our However, there is good reason to workers preferred the UFWU." Struggle sharpens in N.Y. school bd. race By EILEEN WELLS The community-control slate is backed the board members, to withdraw from omitted from the computer list or if Dear Friend, by Puerto Rican, Black, and Chinese the community slate. Snyder allowed they didn't happen to have a driver's We want to warn you about a very activists organized in the Coalition his name to be dropped from the bal­ license or credit cards for iden­ clear and present danger to our com­ for Education. lot in exchange for a promise that tification. munity . . . . power hungry groups The letter sent out by the UFT­ the UFT would drop court challenges Supreme Court Justice Anthony Di­ are trying to take control . . . . they baeked committee argues against sup­ to the ballot status of the other seven Giovanna ruled that the signature have already taken over our public port to the present District 1 board members of the community-control cards must be made available. The schools.. .. members because they hired Luis slate. board of elections immediately appeal­ Fuentes - whom the letter labels a Three members of the present board, ed the decision, but a ruling on the These are excerpts from a letter sent "vicious racist'' and "anti-semite"- as Georgina Hoggard, Pedro Cordero, appeal has not yet come down. to registered voters in New York district superintendent. The letter also and Jane Tam, spoke at the Lower City's School District 1 by the so­ charges that the present board has Marihattan Militant Forum April 20. The offices of the Negro Action called Committee for Effective Edu­ allowed youth gangs to terrorize the The three made an impassioned plea Group- Early Childhood Learning cation. The Committee urges a vote schools and vigilante parent groups for better education and support to Center (NAG) on New York's Lower for the nine school board candidates to terrorize teachers. the community slate. East Side were ransacked by uriknown supported by the United Federation The UFT leadership paid for a full­ In another development, District 1 vandals April 22. Twenty to thirty of Teachers. page ad in the April 19 Daily News board member Henry Ramos and can­ thousand dollars worth of damage Running for reelection against this attacking Superintendent Fuentes and didates and parents from six other was done to the offices, which contain slate are eight supporters of commu­ the board and urging a vote for the districts won a significant court vic­ day care and nursery facilities as well nity control of the schools. Children UFT-supported slate. tory April 19. In response to a suit as a bilingual education program. in District 1 schools are predominant­ In another move, UFT attorneys filed by the Committee for Democratic Copying and duplicating machines, ly Puerto Rican, Black, and Chinese. forced Reverend Eric Snyder, one of Election Laws (CoDEL) and Williams­ typewriters, record players, TV sets, burg Legal Services, the board of and other valuable equipment were elections was ordered to revise its pro­ destroyed by the vandals. But with cedures. for identifying voters on elec­ the aid of neighborhood volunteers tion day, May 1. the offices were cleaned up and func­ The board Qf elections had proposed tioning within two days. to use a computerized list of voters, Many of the workers at the NAG rather than the usual practice of using center are supporters of the commu­ signature registration cards, to verify nity-control slate in the upcoming Dis­ that prospective voters were registered. trict 1 school board elections. Lyle This would mean all voters would Brown, president of NAG, is one of have to furnish identification in order the eight candidates on the community to vote, rather than simply their signa­ slate. tures. NAG has been subjected to other Judy Baumann, CoDEL national instances of harassment in recent secretary, said a signaturecomparison months. A consumer education food was required by the state constitution. co-op run by NAG was burned down Without it, she noted, many parents in December. And recently Congress­ feared the entire election might be man Mario Biaggi has begun a cam­ invalidated, or that fraud would occur paign to withdraw federal funding in hotly contested districts. In addi­ from NAG education programs be- tion, she pointed out that people could , cause of pro-community-control signs Vandalized offices of community-control supporters in District 1 be disenfranchised if their names wen~. hung in the NAG offices.

THE MILITANT/MAY 4, 1973 15 son. In the interview he said that often Lawton finally found a steady job. community. in such cases, the publicity tends to He was hired by the operator of a Largely under Lawton's leadership, By ANN WILCOX focus on one .individual and the co­ janitorial service. "The man I replaced a new organization emerged, the Black and HARRY RING victims don't get the full benefit of the -a white man-was paid $5 an hour. Congress. LOS ANGELES-Two particular defense effort. Lawton is determined I was paid $1.65." "It was limited to Blacks," Lawton dates have a special importance for that this will not happen in this situa­ The job situation was so desperate, explained. "Not that we didn't appreci­ Gary Lawton. April4, 1968 -the day tion, and he is sparking the efforts he accepted that. But then problems ate the support of whites, not that we Martin Luther King was assassinated to raise the $100,000 bail now needed developed. wanted to practice racism. But we felt -and April 2, 1971, the day two to win their release. "He began hiring other Black peo­ it was time that Black people made white cops were killed in the town of Gary Lawton is a highly conscious ple," Lawton said, "and he wanted me their own decisions as to which di­ Riverside and Lawton was charged Black liberationist with deep pride in to oversee them-make me the 'house rection to go in. with their murder. his African heritage. His involvement nigger."' "It was open to any Black who Lawton's involvement in the Black in the movement is fairly recent, and By that time, he had learned enough wanted to be a part of it. The only liberation struggle began the day Mar­ the evolution of his thinking was about the business to go it alone. He qualification was just being Black. All tin Luther King was murdered. And rapid. quit the job and began building his meetings were open. Whites were ad­ mitted by invitation. We felt it was time to get our own thing together." In a city where racism has the vir­ ulence of the South and organization of the Black community is on a mini­ INTIRVIIIIITH BLACK ACTIVIST mal level, the Black Congress was able to function only a year or so. But a number of activists around the Lawtons continued their work, re­ lating to community issues as they THI fRAil-UP Of GARY developed. Lawton emerged as the principal spokesperson in the Black community. The local race-baiting daily, the Riv­ because he provided militant leader­ Now 34, Lawton has lived in River­ own custodial service. It worked out erside Press-Enterprise, he says, did and for six years, "we lived like any ship for Black people, Riverside au­ side since he was six. He was jarred a lot to project his public image with normal family. We bought the house thorities decided to frame him for the into consciousness about the meaning constant scurrilous attacks. we live in now. My business went well." killing of the two cops. of racism when he quit school at 17 As he became more prominent, and After two years in prison, Lawton and joined the Marines. It was, he the racist barrage intensified, his pre­ says, "racism in the raw." King assassinated is now temporarily free. A five-month viously successful business began go­ trial had ended with a hung jury and, Twice he was busted from corporal Then came April 4, 1968. The Law­ ing down the drain. One after another finally, on March 30 he was released to private for refusing to accept racist tons were out for a drive and were his almost exclusively white clientele on $50,000 bail pending a slated new abuse. with the children at an ice cream stand began falling away. trial. The Marines turned him toward when they heard a radio bulletin that The day he was released, he came books. Dr. King had been shot. A 'troublemaking nigger' into Los Angeles with his family and As a high school dropout in a racist "At that very moment my whole life To make things tougher, in 1970 spoke at a previously scheduled meet­ city, he said, he probably had the. changed," Lawton said. "Like most Chukia Lawton was fired from her ing on his case at the Militant Labor equivalent of a fifth grade education other traditional American 'Negroes,' job at a local hospital. "She was in­ Forum. After the forum, he agreed to and a sixth grade reading level. But though we weren't doing anything to volved in organizing a picket line to protest the racist firing of a co-work­ er. She was also known as Gary Law­ ton's wife and labeled a 'trouble­ making nigger.'" The Lawtons remained steadfast in their commitment despite the in­ creasing pressures. Then came the shooting of the cops, the jailing, and two nightmarish years in prison. The first months were spent in Riv­ erside's miserable county jail. Then, for "security," the trial itself was held in Indio, a small town in the Cali­ fornia desert. The heat in the jail there was often unbearable. In Riverside, during the winter, the problem was the opposite. For a long period Lawton was confined in a wing that had no heat. Previous to his im­ prisonment he rarely had a cold. In jail he had a heavy, permanent one. The food was slop. Lawton and others staged three hunger strikes in protest. As a result he spent months The Lawton family from left, Ramona, Chukia, Gary Jr., and Gary with Hassan McWhorter, a friend of the family. Militant/Harry Ring in segregated cells where the condi­ tions were even worse. "Normally healthy men, under these conditions, deteriorate to the point of a Militant interview. It was held. on he began combing the base library, further the things Dr. Kirig was being vulnerable to anything," he said. Monday, April 2, the second anniver­ and that began to shape his thinking. striving for in behalf of Black people, "I weighed 215 pounds at the time sary of the killing of the Riverside He was particularly fascinated by I admired him. Although I'm a much of my arrest. On release, right now, cops. those who had led the struggles in more radical person now than I was I weigh 165." Lawton was indicted six weeks after behalf of the oppressed. The first revo­ then, there is no man I admire above Because of the publicity surrounding the killing. He had previously been lutionary figure to absorb his interest him. his case, Lawton said, he never suf­ told by Riverside police that they did was the heroic Mexican fighter, Emili­ "Almost from the moment of his fered direct physical abuse. But, he not know who the killers were but were ano Zapata. death I became involved in what was added, it's impossible to convey the determined that someone would be He also read about Ghandi and known then as the civil rights thing." meaning of the torture of that kind convicted. One cop told him that if others, and when Martin Luther King In the weeks after the assassination, of a prison experience. anyone in the Black community came emerged as a national figure he fol­ there was a proposal in Riverside to Talking about prison conditions, he to know who the killers were, it would lowed his career with interest and ad­ rename a park recreation building in brought the discussion back to his be Lawton. And if he didn't name miration. the Black community after King. codefendants. someone, the cop clearly inferred, he But when he completed his Marine Lawton saw this as an offensive "Right now," he said, "that's more might face the charge himself. hitch in 1959, Lawton's energies were token gesture. He appeared before the important than anything else. To get The "case' against Lawton rested focused on the individual problems city council and proposed that River­ them out." almost completely on the unsubstan­ confronting a Black person trying to side's main park be renamed after the Those who may be in a position tiated word of an admitted paid police find a decent life in this society. slain rights leader. to help raise bail for Gardner and informer and narcotics addict. He He had married while still in the That modest proposal touched off Jackson should contact the Riverside testified that he had previously sold service. Chukia, whom he married, a furious racist response. The Law­ Political Prisoners Defense Committee, Lawton a gun that police said was had grown up with him in Riverside. ton home was flooded with so many P. 0. Box 5154, San Bernardino, used in the killing. An equally dedicated Black emancipa­ abusive, threatening phone calls that Calif. 92412. Telephone: (714) 686- While Lawton was in prison tion fighter, she has done an incredible they finally had to get an unlisted 6087. awaiting trial, two Black youth, Ne­ job of building the defense committee number just to assure a night's sleep. Contributions are also badly needed hemiah Jackson and Larrie Gardner, that has mobilized support against the The Martin Luther King Memorial to help defray the costs of the contin­ were arrested as "conspirators" with frame-up of the three. Park never came into existence in Riv­ uing defense effort and to prepare for t.awton in the killing. Lawton swore The first years of their marriage erside. But a movement did. People the second trial, which is slated for under oath he had never met the two were harsh. Gary could not find any in the Black community began to turn mid-May. until he was in prison. The prosecu­ kind of a job. Chukia, fortunately, to the Lawtons for leadership. For a Both Gary and Chukia Lawton are tion never even tried to r.efute this. is a specially skilled registered nurse period they had an Afro-American available to speak at meetings and In discussing the frame-up, Lawton and was able to keep working after Political Association that ran Blacks fund-raising affairs. Anyone who frequently refers to Gardner and Jack- they had children. for local offices to represent the Black hears either of them will want to help.

16 Would abolish STRESS Dixon launches SWP Campaigning Detroit mayoral race By LINDA NORDQUIST to $150-million for more repression, lor Socialism DETROIT-The Socialist Workers more brutal attacks on the Black com­ Party has announced its candidates munity. for the 1973 , municipal campaign 'RADICAL TAKEOVER' FAILS TO James Lewis, Socialist Workers Par­ here. Maceo Dixon, 23, a well-known "While Detroiters face spiraling in­ MATERIALIZE IN BERKELEY: A ty candidate for Oakland School activist in the Black liberation move­ flation, federal cutbacks, and a local slate of moderate Democrats, the "Ber­ Board, received 10.101 votes (10 per­ ment and the fight to abolish STRESS, city budget that is totally out of line keley Four," won three of the four cent), and Rick Congress, SWP can­ is the mayoral candidate. Dixon is a with our needs, the real rulers of this vacancies on the city council in the didate for Peralta Board of Trustees, member of the national committee of city (the heads of the automobile in­ April 17 municipal elections, beating won 4,818 ( 4.5 percent) in the elec­ the Young Socialist Alliance and De­ dustries, banks, and utilities, for ex­ the April Coalition, a combination of tions. These were the only candidates troit organizer for the YSA. ample) are facing a different prob­ liberal Democrats and student activ­ waging a campaign urging a break Also on the SWP slate are Rachel lem: how to reinvest their incredible ists. All four of the April Coalition with the two capitalist parties and ad­ Fruit, candidate for common council; profits. nominees also were Democrats. vocating Black and Raza control of Lee Artz, running for school board; "Did you know that Henry Ford One April Coalition candidate, Ying the Black and Raza communities. and Trudi Hawkins, nominee for made $87 4,567 in salary and bonuses Lee Kelley, was elected. The forces Seale's showing at the polls indi­ school board region 5. last year? Or that the National Bank allied against the April Coalition how­ cated significant support within the In an interview with The Militant, of Detroit has total assets of $6.4- ever, now have five of the nine coun­ Black community. Part of his vote Dixon explained what he feels to be billion, that AMC netted $7 .1-million cil votes. came from those who look to the the priority issues in his campaign. in their first quarter, and that Chrys­ The winning. three of the "Berkeley Black Panther Party and Seale for "My campaign will center around sev­ ler's profits for 197 2 represented Four" all received votes in the 23,000- political direction. A significant num­ eral key issues," he said. "First, the a 164 percent increase over '71? range. Kelley received just over 20,- ber of votes, however, were won 000, and the rest of the April Co­ through Seale's assurances .that he alition from 18,000 to 20,000. could be a "good" Democrat. The candidates of the Socialist Work­ Seale won the last-minute endorse­ ers Party for the city council received ment of Cesar Chavez of the United several hundred votes each. SWP can­ Farmworkers Union, an endorsement didates in school board contests each that undoubtedly boosted his stock received more than 4,000. among reform Democrats.

SEALE CAMPAIGN THROWS OAK­ 'AS FAR AS I'M CONCERNED, IF LAND MAYORAL RACE INTO I BECOME MAYOR, MR. RICH RUNOFF: Bobby Seale received 21,- WILL HAVE TO APPLY TO YOU 314 votes in the April17 municipal IF HE WANTS TO WORK AT THE elections in Oakland, 19 percent of STORE': With these words, SWP can­ the vote. Though far less than the didate for mayor of Atlanta Debby "landslide" victory Seale had been Bustin told an April 19 meeting of projecting for his campaign, his vote 150 Rich's Department Store strikers total was enough to force a May 15 of her support. Bustin had been in­ runoff election between him and in­ vited to speak at the meeting by strike cumbent Republican mayor J.ohn leader Ernie Brown. Referring to Bus­ tin's daily participation in the picket­ Maceo Dixon being interviewed by reporters Militant/Joel Aber Reading. Reading received 55,342 votes, only 168 short of the 50 per­ ing, Brown quipped when introducing cent required to win outright in the her, "I don't know where LeRoy John­ immediate abolition of STRESS. "One of the ways that these capi­ first round of voting. son has been. I don't know where STRESS is nothing more than a po­ talists are going to spend their money Elaine Brown, running for city Maynard Jackson has been.· But I lice ter_ror squad that has murdered is by constructing a few office build­ council with Seale, received 34,845 know where this woman has been ev­ at least 17 Black Detroit citizens in ings, a hotel, and a luxury apart­ votes, or 32 percent of the total. While ery morning at 7 a.m." the past two years. ment complex on the river front. That substantially more than Seale received, State Senator LeRoy Johnson and "The Black community is opposed project will cost $450-million. At the these were insufficient to win or force Atlanta's Vice-Mayor Maynard Jack­ to STRESS, yet the city 'leaders' ig­ same time it was recently reported a runoff. son are two Black Democratic Party nore this sentiment and spend their that 70,000 Detroiters are underfed candidates for mayor. time trying to defend its actions. A or ill-nourished and are slowly starv­ In her speech to the strikers, Bustin major portion of my efforts in this ing. explained, "Most people think a pol­ campaign will be in encouraging the "As a candidate of the Socialist itician is someone who may decide Black community to join together in Workers Party, I have a program to support a strike in order to win action to abolish the racist STRESS that will put an end to these inequities. some votes. I support a strike in order unit. For example, by nationalizing these to help win the strike." "Second," Dixon continued, "the city corporations and putting them under Two weeks ago, Vice-Mayor ·May­ of Detroit is in the midst of a financial the control of working people, and by nard Jackson spoke at Atlanta Uni­ crisis that affects every aspect of the instituting a massive public works versity, a Black campus. During the quality of life of Detroiters. Nixon's program, we would have tremendous question period, Bustin challenged budget cutbacks mean that there will financial resources to solve the prob­ him to state his position on the Rich's be only 12,000 jobs available for 210, lems that Detroiters face. We could strike. The chairman of the meeting 000 young people this summer, thou­ begin to construct the hospitals, ruled her question out of order and sands of people now em_ployed by the schools, housing facilities- all of the asked her to leave the room. But a Office of Economic Opportunity will things that all humans need to live Black Atlanta University student re­ be jobless, 3,000 low-cost housing a good life. peated the question, forcing Jackson units wili not be built, Medicare bene­ "You know, this is supposedly a .,. to answer, "I don't take positions in Militant/Rick Congress fits for the poor and aged will be even 'nonpartisan' election. That implies private labor disputes." more limited. that somehow the candidates are 'in­ In last minute effort to win votes, Seale Bustin has used the media time ob­ "Also, construction of a desperately dependent' of the big capitalist parties. pasted "A Democraf' sticker on his cam- tained by her campaign to help break needed new Detroit General Hospital Nothing could be further from the paign posters. through an almost total boycott of will not begin, special educational pro­ truth. the strike by the major news media. grams that involve 16,000 students "These phony 'nonpartisan' elections The election results were a surprise Last week, every major radio sta­ will not exist this summer, and the allow capitalist candidates to hide to most observers. Reading ran tion took a taped two minute state­ scant recreational programs in the in­ their real party affiliations and their stronger than expected, while a split ment by Bustin . supporting the ner city will be closed. real program of support to the capi­ between the two Oakland machine strikers' demand for an $1-an-hour "At the same time, the federal gov­ talist system. I am also going to be Democrats vying for the mayor's seat across-the-board wage increase and ernment on a national level will give fighting this hoax. We are running a - Ortho Green and John Sutter, who an end to racist hiring and promotion a generous $891-million contribution slate of socialists on the SWP program together received 31 percent of the practices at Rich's. WAOK, Atlanta's to local police. and we want everyone in this city vote- enabled Seale to come in sec­ largest Black radio station, played "Mayor Gribbs, a Democrat, is right to know that." ond and make the runoff with his the entire statement once each hour when he blames Nixon for these cut­ Dixon urged people to help build 19 percent return. for 24 hours. -PETER SEIDMAN backs, but what he fails to mention the socialist alternative. Volunteer is that the financial crisis we face is workers and financial contributions a bipartisan responsibility. Gribbs are needed to bring the socialist pro­ and his Democratic administration re­ gram to the citizens of Detroit. Write cently announced their budget for De­ or call: Detroit Socialist Workers '73 troit. The largest single expenditure· Campaign Committee, 3737 Wood­ in that budget is for the police. In ward, Detroit, Mich. 48201. Tele­ other words, he is going to spend close phone: (313) 831-6135.

THE MILITANT/MAY 4, 1973 17 Socialists li the light against anti-Semitism in the '3D's Why Zionists and ral Jewish leaders opposed 'o11n door' for victims of fascism

By PETER SEIDMAN [United Jewish Appeal] moneys to res­ In 1942, Rabbi Stephen Wise, the lead­ cue Jews? I say 'No; and I say again, ing Zionist spokesman in the U. S., No.' In my opinion we have to resist complained to his friend Felix Frank­ that wave which puts Zionist activities furter, "I don't know whether I'm get­ in the second line." ting to be the J of Jude, but I find that A number of major Jewish organiza­ a good part of my work is to explain tions, like the B'nai B'rith and the to my fellow Jews why our govern­ American Jewish Congress, had not ment cannot do all the things asked yet become Zionist by 1938-39. These or expected of it." organizations had their own reasons, In a previous article (see The Mili­ complementary to those of the Zion­ tant, April 27, 1973 ), we demon­ ists, for wishing to support U. S. im­ strated that the Roosevelt administra­ perialism even at the expense of fight­ tion, far from aiding the masses of ing against U.S. immigration policies European refugees from Nazi terror, restricting the admission of the Euro­ had in fact stood quietly by while pean refugees. hundreds of thousands of Jews and others were being murdered. Estimates 'Good Americans' as to the total number of refugees The B'nai B'rith and the American Warsaw under Nazi occupation that were permitted to enter the U. S. Jewish Congress were organizations of between 1933 and 1945 vary from the wealthiest and most assimilated about 150,000 to a high of about U.S. Jews whose families had· emi­ security. After all, if this was so, why David Brody, a scholar who made 250,000. A very small ·number in­ grated to the U.S. hi the early nine­ bother to struggle to help them find a study of how the Jewish press dealt safety anywhere else? with the refugee crisis, reported the fol­ deed compared to the millions of vic­ teenth century, primarily from Ger­ Conversely, from the Zionist point tims of fascism. many. They were the elite of American lowing in the June 1956 Publication of view, any such struggles that might Why at this time did Rabbi Wise Jewish society. They thought of them­ of the American Jewish Historical So­ have proven successful would only consider it his job "to explain to my selves as "good Americans" just as ciety: "Almost nothing is to be found have undermined their arguments that many of the elite Jews of Germany­ in the Jewish literature between 1938 fellow Jews why our government can­ the Jewish state they sought to create not do all the things asked or expect­ on the eve of Hitler's rise to power­ and 1942 expressing significant dis­ in Palestine could provide the only satisfaction with the immigration laws. ed of it?" thought of themselves as "good Ger­ security from anti-Semitic attacks. Zionist and many leading non-Zion­ mans." B'nai B'rith Magazine had run peri­ This coincidence of interests led to odically editorials on 'the Old Amer­ ist Jewish organizations had different These Jewish leaders believed that a criminal policy in which the major ica,' when the door was open to all but complementary reasons for uncrit­ any influx of Jewish. refugees from Zionist and non-Zionist U.S. Jewish who wished to enter; this might be ically supporting the New Deal despite Europe would undermine their assimi­ organizations subordinated the inter­ construed as an implicit criticism of Roosevelt's murderous inaction dur­ lation into U.S. society. They believed ests of the Jewish refugees to their the quota restrictions. After 1938, such ing the refugee crisis. The Zionists that large concentrations of non­ policy of support to Roosevelt. editorials no longer appeared. The had as a primary aim securing the English speaking Jews from the ghet­ And this is why Rabbi Wise, who Annual Reports of the American Jew­ backing of U. S. imperialism for a tos of Europe would in fact provoke wondered whether he was "getting to Jewish state in Palestine. Zionists in an anti-Semitic reaction here in the be the J of Jude" spent so much of ish Committee made no adverse men­ the U. S. followed the· same strategy u.s. his time explaining to his fellow Jews tion from 1938 to 1942 of the immi­ gration laws. The American Jewish as their cothinkers in Europe, seeking They argued that the best defense "why our government cannot do all Congress also maintained silence. . . . to show how the founding of Israel against anti-Semitism was for Jews the things asked or expected of it." The significant exception to this po­ would benefit imperialism's plans in to appear as "American" as possible, The policy followed by Wise and sition was the non-Zionist labor orga­ the Middle East. that is, as the most patriotic support­ other Jewish and Zionist leaders was nizations belonging to the Jewish La­ They felt that any struggle against ers of the New Deal. They wanted to one of total abstention from any bor Committee." New Deal immigration policies might project the image that Stephen Wise meaningful struggle to aid the victims interfere with Zionist attempts to woo did to the American Jewish Congress, of fascist anti-Semitism in Europe to U.S. support for their plans. Further, when he told it that Jews "are Ameri­ obtain refuge here in the U. S. It is true that the major Jewish and Zionists believed that rescue opera­ cans, first, last, and all the time. Noth­ Immigration limits Zionist organizations contributed tions in general tended to .divert re­ ing else that we are, whether by faith In April 1939, ~abbi Wise testified or race or fate, qualifies our Ameri­ money and personnel to rescue opera­ before a congressional hearing on im­ sources from their efforts to establish tions in Europe, and that they also an exclusive Jewish state in Palestine. canism." migration. Wise said: "I want to make organized a number of rallies bring­ it plain, so far as I am concerned, Wise was once asked, for example, These Zionist and non-Zionist Jew­ ing attention to the plight of Jews there is no intention whatsoever to what he thought of the idea of re­ ish leaders sought every chance to suffering under Nazism. depart from the immigration laws settling the refugees in the former Ger­ show how "American" they could be. But with the exception of a few orga­ which at present obtain. I have heard man colony of Tanganyika, one of They even went along with the Roose­ nizations-such as the Jewish Labor no sane person propose any departure a number of racist and impractical velt administration's astonishing ar­ Committee, at that time a non-Zionist or deviation from the existing law schemes talked about by FDR. Wise's organization, and Peter Bergson's gument that one reason for the restric­ now in force. · answer is very revealing: "I would Emergency Committee to Save the tive visa regulations was to prevent ". . . I feel that the country and the rather have my fellow Jews die in Ger­ an influx of revolutionaries and Nazi Jewish People of Europe, a maverick Congress should not be asked to do many than live somehow, anyhow, agents "disguised" as refugees! This group in the Zionist movement -the in the lands which bear the imprint major U.S. Jewish organizations nev­ more than take care of a limited num­ excuse was used to deny refuge to ber of children. The bill provides for of yesterday's occupation by Ger­ thousands of victims of anti-Semitic er demanded that the U.S. govern­ many, in lands which may tomorrow ment "open the doors" to the victims, 10,000 each year for a period of two terror and fighters against fascism. years. After all, we cannot take care be yielded back ... to Germany." Some non-Zionist Jews who for their Jewish and non-Jewish alike, of of all of them. Germany has a popu­ In 1943, during Hitler's genocide own reasons did not wish to struggle fascism in Europe. lation of five or sfx hundred thousand against the Jewish people, Itzhak against the U.S. government for the Jews." Greenbaum, head of the Jewish Agen­ admission of the refugees found a use­ A shameful record cy Rescue Committee, declared to the ful rationale in the Zionist claim that Their shameful failure to do so is When asked to state the position of Zionist Executive Council: "If I am only in a Jewish state in Palestine part of the historical record. the B'nai B'rith and the American asked could you give from UJ A could the Jewish people find any real Following a Nazi boycott of all Jew­ Jewish Committee on proposed legis­ ish merchants in Germany in April lation that would loosen U. S. visa 1933, many organizations, Jewish requirements and permit more Ger­ and non-Jewish, called for an interna­ man refugees to enter the country, tional boycott of German goods, in­ Max J. Kohler testified on behalf of cluding a demand that the U. S. im­ those organizations to the House pose a trade embargo on Germany. Committee on Immigration: "I think The B'nai B'rith and the American that is a salutary thing, but our plea Jewish Committee opposed the call for is in behalf of non-laborers and some a boycott, warning against any "pub­ exceptional persons." lic agitation in the form of boycotts "I oppose special legislation for their and mass demonstrations." [German refugees] benefit." These, they considered, "serve only as ineffectual channels for the release This was the record of those who of emotion. They furnish the perse­ today accuse the Socialist Workers cutors with a pretext to justify the Party and Young Socialist Alliance wrongs they perpetrate and, on the of being "anti-Semitic." In the follow­ other hand, distract those who desire ing articles we will discuss how the to help with more constructive efforts." SWP viewed the fight for the admis­ The protest of the oppressed serves sion of the refugees and what it, along only to furnish a justification for the with other radical organizations, did April 1, 1933, Nazi boycott- of Jewish merchants in Berlin oppressor! to achieve this goal.

18 CP's 'new' election DaiW IS the communist Party moving left? By LARRY SEIGLE especially those in Europe, refused to In his speech entitled "A Lame Duck mobilize against the Vietnam war. In­ in Turbulent Waters- the next 4 stead of seeking to close ranks with years of Nixon," delivered to the Com­ China in defense of Vietnam, the So­ munist Party's central committee last viet bureaucrats allowed Nixon to take December, CP General Secretary Gus advantage of the Moscow-Peking dis­ Hall said his party. had been wrong pute to drive forward with his war "for 30 years" in burying itself in the aims in Indochina. Democratic Party. He promised the When the Vietnamese revolution CP would run its own candidates more needed defense against U. S. bombers, frequently and take concrete steps to Moscow refused to send adequate mil­ itary equipment. And when Nixon un­ organize a new "anti-monopoly party." leashed his wrath on North Vietnam Does this speech signify a turn to in May of 1972, bombing Hanoi and the left by the CP? Will the CP, in mining the harbors-when Hanoi carrying out Hall's speech, move needed solidarity more than ever­ away from support to capitalist poli­ Brezhnev was exchanging enthusias­ tics? Despite the CP's current campaign tic toasts of "friendship and goodwill" to refurbish its image by painting it­ with Nixon in Moscow! self as more radical and more dy­ This repulsive scene aroused anger namic than in the past, the answer to and dismay among defenders of the these questions is clearly "No." Vietnamese revolution throughout the An illustration of how the Commu­ world. But the CPUSA stood loyally nist Party is relating to capitalist poli­ by the Kremlin, despite widespread tics after Hall's speech can be found criticism within the U.S. antiwar in the recent Los Angeles municipal · movement, and even some uneasiness elections. The CP put up a canc,lidate within the CP itself over the brazen­ for city controller, a minor post, but ness of the sellout. declined to nominate a candidate for Far from becoming more "radical," mayor or other major offices. It is the CP is desperately trying to cover relatively easy to get on the ballot up this monstrous stab in the back in L. A municipal races, and a re­ of the heroic Vietnamese freedom fight­ cent lawsuit even invalidated the filing ers. fee requirement for candidates who can't afford to pay. The history of Communist Party BHt instead of running their own electoral strategy is chock-full of campaign, the CP supported Thomas "turns" like the current one, all of Bradley, an ex-cop and Black Dem­ which have been carried out in re­ ocratic city councilman, for mayor. sponse to shifting relationships be­ Pierre Mandel, the CP campaign man­ tween the Stalinist bureaucrats in Mos­ ager in Los Angeles, told the L. A cow and the imperialists. This history Free Press that the CP wouldn't "en­ shines a glaring light on the role of dorse" capitalist candidates but it the American CP as a political agent would "support" some, including ex­ of Soviet foreign policy, completely cop Bradley. The fine line distinguish­ subservient to the Kremlin. ing "support" from "endorsement" may The CP broke sharply in 1936 with be visible to Communist Party politi­ the tradition, strong among all class­ cians, but the distinction is a mystery conscious workers, of refusing to vote to the rest of us. for capitalist candidates. That year, But didn't Gus Hall in his speech although they ran their own candi­ rule out support to capitalist parties dates, the CP supported Franklin and capitalist politicians? Not at all. Roosevelt for reelection (the Republi­ In fact, Hall took great pains to make can Landon had to be "defeated at all it clear that the CP was not breaking costs"), as Moscow sought to estab­ from its policy of eXtending support lish an alliance with the U. S. against to Democratic Party politicians. In his Germany. speech he emphasized that the "policies 1972 Democratic national convention. The Communist Party's support for McGovern In the 1940 election, during the time of the Party must be carried out with put them at odds with the Kremlin, which was supporting Nixon. of the Stalin-Hitler pact, the CP op­ thought and with common sense. ... posed this same Roosevelt. And, in Let me give a couple of examples in 1944, in line with the wartime alliance the electoral field in order to make between the U. S. and the Soviet this point For instance, we must not The CP' s phony "break" with the In fact, far from turning to the left, Union, during which the CP was 100 do what the Trotskyites do in elec­ Democratic Party became necessary the CP is completely in step with the percent "patriotic" and prowar, they tions.... " because the CP, in supporting Mc­ Kremlin's detente with Nixon. The gave complete support once again to What "the Trotskyites"- meaning the Govern for president (while at "new friendship" between Moscow and Roosevelt. This time they didn't even Socialist Workers Party-do is to run the same time fielding its own slate Washington has been built on the So­ run their own token campaign. candidates, wherever and whenever of Gus Hall and Jarvis Tyner), found viet bureaucracy's betrayal of the Viet­ In 1948 the CP became "indepen­ possible, against the candidates of the itself temporarily at odds with the So­ namese revolution. In return for trade dent" from the Democratic Party, capitalist parties, liberals and conser­ viet bureaucrats, who were support­ and diplomatic concessions, the Mos­ which nominated Truman, and joined vatives, Democrats and Republic{lns ing Nixon for reelection. cow Stalinists exerted pressure on Ha­ Henry Wallace's Progressive Party­ alike. Hall falsely presents SWP policy Although the CP and the Kremlin noi to agree to accept a "cease-fire" a third capitalist party- in a vain as "picking election campaigns such have for decades been touting the agreement allowing the U. S.-backed attempt to preserve the Moscow-Wash­ as those of Stokes, Abzug and others, Democrats as the party of "peaceful Thieu i'egime to remain in power and ington alliance in the face of the be­ but especially campaigns where there coexistence," it turned out to be a Re­ to be armed and financed by the U. S. ginning cold war. are Black candidates, and running publican administration that en­ on a continuing basis. In the 1950s, the Stalinists corrected Trotskyite candidates specifically gineered the "new relationship" with When what the Vietnamese revolu­ this "ultraleft" error and returned to the against them- against Black, liberal, Moscow. As Gus Hall puts it, while tion needed was international solidari­ Democratic Party fold, once again working-class candidates." Nixon was "retreating from cold-war ty and a massive mobilization of op­ pushing doorbells for the Democrats What Hall objects to is the fact that positions" McGovern was ''left holding position to Nixon's war, Moscow de­ as the party of "peaceful coexistence." the SWP staunchly and vigorously op­ the cold-war bag." faulted. Pro-Moscow Communist par­ In the 1950s and 1960s they more or poses all capitalist candidates, includ­ It would have been political sui­ ties with mass influence in the unions, Continued on page 22 ing those who sucker people in by cide for the CP to openly support proclaiming themselves as "liberal" or Nixon, as they have supported Dem­ even "radical." ocrats in the past But neither could "There is no question," Hall. says, they continue to support McGovern "that such a policy is irresponsible." against him. Hall wants it perfectly clear that The way out was found by pro­ the CP will continue to support Dem­ claiming themselves "independent" of ocratic politicians of the Abzug and the Democrats. And, to quiet criticism Stokes variety-"working-c.lass candi­ of the Kremlin's partisanship for "the dates," he calls them. By what stretch mad bomber," and its stab in the back of the imagination is Bella Abzug, of the Vietnamese revolution, the CP a New York lawyer and Democratic carried out this maneuver with some Party operator, a "working-class" can­ radical-sounding rhetoric and a few didate? red flags waving. Black Democrats like Stokes or Del­ But this is only for show. In real­ lums or Chisholm don't benefit Black ity, Gus Hall's speech represents a people, or working people. They do continuation of the CP's complete sup­ just the opposite, by building illusions port for the conservative bureaucracy in and strengthening support for the in the Kremlin, and its policy of Democratic Party, one of the parties "peaceful coexistence" with imperial­ hn<:nitnl, demolished by B-52 strikes. CP supports Moscow's re­ of the racists and capitalists. ism. fusal to give adequate support to the Vietnamese revolution.

THE MILITANT/MAY 4, 1973 19 In Review

Childhood in Prison Warsaw A Chi,ldhood in Prison by Pyotr military officers, economic managers, and the families of top party leaders Ghetto uprising Yakir. Coward, McCann and Geo­ and KGB (secret police) officials­ Holocaust and Resistance. A commemorative exhibit on the ghegan, Inc. New York, 1973. 150 all victims of Stalin's purges. thirtieth anniversary of the Warsaw Ghetto uprising. Atran pp. $5.95. Most of his five years in prison was spent among the "Blatny" -young Center for Jewish Culture, 25 E. 78 St., New York, N.Y. delinquents who for the most part re­ Through April 29. Pyotr Yakir, prominent activist in the fused to cooperate with prison au­ Soviet democratic opposition, has been thorities. Y akir became involved in As part of their genocidal plans, the Nazis instituted a system of imprisoned since his arrest in June massive population transfers of Jews into the central cities of oc­ a wide range of activities: a com­ 1972. He is the son of Soviet Army cupied Europe. Within these cities they established special Jewish mune in his prison cell, hunger strikes, Commander Iona Yakir, who was exe­ ghettos. theft- and even arson, as the young cuted by Stalin during the purges of Between 400,000 and 600,000 Jews were, in this manner, crowded convicts set fire to their cell to pro­ the late 1930s. Pyotr Yakir has been into the Jewish ghetto in Warsaw, Poland. The area was so small test their confinement. an ovtspoken opponent of the attempts that it was estimated there were six to seven persons in every room. A Childhood in Prison, part one by Stalin's heirs in the Kremlin to Once the Nazis had forced the Jews into the ghetto, they instituted of Yakir' s memoirs, provides an ex­ crush the opposition movement today. a whole series of measures aimed at the destruction of all who cellent description of day-to-day life in Soviet prison camps in the late lived within. It was forbidden to leave the ghetto to find work or to 1930s and early 1940s. There is little buy food. Rations into the ghetto were continually reduced in quan­ Books discussion of broad political and so­ tity and quality until, by the end, the total month's ration in War­ cial questions; Yakir does not present saw consisted of two pounds of rotten bread, nine ounces of sugar, In May 1969, Yakir was instru­ insights into the thinking 'of Soviet three-and-a-half ounces of jam, and one-and-three-quarters ounces mental in founding the Initiative dissidents in the 1960s or 1970s. of fats. Group in Defense of I:Iuman Rights The appearance of the book is a Heavily armed guards surrounded the ghetto and shot at;~yone in the USSR. He has been a persis­ political act in itself, however. Its con­ at-tempting to escape or to smuggle in food. Within the ghetto Nazi- tent defender of arrested dissidents tents have been circulated under­ since the mid-sixties and an active ground by Soviet dissidents; the Stalin- Photography

supervised Jewish police enforced the anti-Semitic terror regime. ' By 1941, starvation took the lives of thousands every month. So did an outbreak of spotted fever. ·-­' It was estimated that it would take five years to starve off the entire population of the ghetto in this manner. But in the summer of 1942, after techniques of mass murder had been developed, mass transportations of ghetto residents to the extermination camps began. - By July 1942, trains carrying 5,000 people each left every day for Treblinka. An additional two trains left every week bringing 10,000 more to Belzec...... · - By January 1943, the Jews of the Warsaw ghetto had begun to organize their defense. On April 19, SS stormtroopers broke into the ghetto to round up the remaining inhabitants for trans­ port to death camps. The SS troops were met with armed resis­ tance carried out from street to street and house to house by the heroic defenders of the ghetto. The fighting lasted for 28 days and nights. With almost no exceptions, all those who did not fall in the fighting were captured and murdered at Treblinka. "Holocaust and Resistance" is an exhibit devoted to the memory of the Warsaw uprising, the first major civilian revolt against the Nazis in occupied Europe. Its many moving photographs of Jewish life in Warsaw before and during the Nazi occupation reduce the abstract terror of anti­ Semitic genocide to the more understandable level of the face of Yakir (1) visiting another Soviet civil rights advocate, Victor Krasin, in exile in Siberia a woman athlete, or a Jewish socialist pasting up an election cam­ in 1970. paign leaflet on a lamppost. Soon both will be dead. There are also photostats and translations of documents, both of the Jewish victims and the Nazi criminals regarding the Warsaw opponent of such Kremlin policies as ist bureaucracy has not seen fit to resistance. In one, Mordecai Anilewicz, a leader of the fighting the invasion of Czechoslovakia. His allow its open publication in the Soviet against the Nazis, after describing the last battles, says "I am happy arrest culminated a campaign of ha­ Union. In fact, secret police confiscated to have been one of the first Jewish fighters in the ghetto. Where rassment against Yakir and his family the second part of Yakir's memoirs will rescue come from?" that had been gaining momentum over when they searched his apartment in There was no rescue for the Jews of Warsaw. The capitalist "de­ the past six years. January 1972. mocracies" turned their back. One section of this exhibit is devoted At the time of his father's execu­ Yakir has not yet been tried. The to Artur Zygelboim, who escaped from the ghetto to seek aid for tion in 1937, Pyotr and his mother KGB released a rumor in December its victims. Getting no help, Zygelboim committed suicide. In his were exiled and then arrested, like the 1972 that he had recanted and had final statement he said: "By my death I wish to express my strong< relatives of many purge victims, for turned over to authorities the names est possible protest against the inactivity with which the world is being "the family of a traitor." Pyotr of his comrades in struggle. The ru­ looking on and permitting the extermination of the Jewish people." was separated from his mother. Her mors said that arrests were imminent. -PETER SEIDMAN fate is unknown, although she may By this ploy, the Kremlin bureaucrats have been shot in the fall of 1941, hoped to intimidate opposition ac­ as were other wives of· prominent tivists into silence. army commanders. An indication that the "recantation" Pyotr spent the period from 1937 story may be only a KGB fabrica­ to 1942 in various Soviet prison tion comes from Yakir himself, in the camps near the Caspian Sea. He re­ only direct statement attributed to him belled continuously against the au­ since his arrest in 1972. thorities and escaped three times, <;mly An activist in the opposition move­ to be swiftly apprehended. ment had a face-to-face meeting with Yakir at Moscow's Lefortovo prison From the large number of prisoners when she was called in for questioning he met, he heard of the mass arrests by the KGB in December 1972. Ac­ and executions ordered by Stalin. cording to reports in the Western Gradually he sensed the overall social press, Yakir told her: "No one will and political calamity in the Soviet be arrested, but I will never get out Union. He met party functionaries, of here." -MARILYN VOGT

Defenders of Warsaw ghetto being led to execution

20 • Atlanta; N.Y. report high sales Pentagon's By NANCY COLE to protest on May 5. Readers are encouraged APRIL 24 -Members of the Young Socialist Al­ to join in this effort and to participate in the last liance and Socialist Workers Party in Atlanta sold part of the spring sales campaign by ordering 332 Militants last week, and 111 of those were a weekly Militant bundle and accepting a sales $22-million to striking Rich's department store workers and quota. their supporters. At one strike demonstration, 79 were sold in shoeshine about one-and-a-half hours. According to sales Militant scoreboard It costs a lot of money for the Pentagon to main­ director Meg Rose, one of the reasons sales went AREA SOLD WEEKLY SOLD tain its 2,300 military bases around the world. quickly was that 46 of the papers sold at the LAST GOAL PREVIOUS So from time to time they reshuffle their instal­ demonstration were sold by strikers themselves. WEEK % WEEK lations, closing down old . and · inefficient bases In a show of support for The Militant's coverage Upper West Side 460 325 142 (352) and beefing up the modern ones. of the strike and for the support Atlanta YSAers Atlanta 332 250 133 (299) April 17 the Pentagon announced the latest shuf­ and SWPers have been giving to the strike, strikers Mt. Pleasant 25 20 125 ( 15) fle. More than 270 installations in the U. S. will approached Militant sellers, asked to take their San Diego 251 225 112 (281) be closed down or cut back -a savings of $400- bundles, and returned later with money from the Lower ManhaHan 372 350 106 (366) million, they proudly stated. Part of the "savings," sales. Washington, D. C. 254 250 102 (234) however, will come from closing down such fa­ Top salesman in Atlanta last week was Robin Elyria 10 10 100 ( 10) cilities as the Naval Hospital in the St. Albans Singer, who sold 73. Hershey 10 10 100 ( 10) section of Queens. The 11,000 vets who visit the The Upper West Side in· Manhattan tops the Houston 500 500 100 (275) hospital's outpatient clinic each month will just scoreboard this week, jumping 108 from the pre­ Huntington 40 40 100 ( 40) have to find some other place to get .medical treat­ vious week's sales to 460. Top salesman there Nashville 25 25 100 ( 25) ment. No small trick in New York City. was Marty Goodman with 136 sold. Portsmouth 40 40 100 ( * ) Los Angeles sellers experienced their best week Riverside 10 10 100 ( * ) of the sales campaign last week, selling 440. Dur­ Worcester 18 20 90 ( 20) American Way of Life ing Women's Week at the University of California Phoenix 35 40 88 ( * ) at Los Angeles, they sold 72, and at the Western Detroit 286 350 82 (322) States Lesbian Conference held there over the week­ Austin 160 200 80 (100) The Pentagon has also found other ways to end, they sold 131 Militants. Heading the list of Los Angeles 440 550 80 (347) stretch a dollar. Although the food served to the sellers in Los Angeles was Sudie Trippett, with Seattle 190 250 76 (207) armed forces has never been known as a recruit­ 57 sold. 0 akland/Berkel ey 377 500 75 (468) ing asset, they've decided to cut the quality even Areas report continued sales at plant gates and Portland 143 200 72 (207) further. The brass has ordered Navy cooks to work places, with the aim of distributing The Mil­ Boston 351 500 70 (383) substitute hamburger for steaks and chops when­ itant's program for fighting inflation as widely Chicago 330 500 66 (440) ever possible. And Army troops have been ordered as possible. For example, last week Chicago sup­ Philadelphia 176 275 64 (235) to cut down on high-priced joints of beef and porters sold 32 Militants at a U. S. Steel plant, Providence 25 40 63 ( 21) eat more pot roast. 18 at United Parcel Service, and 12 at the post Twin Cities 266 425 63 (300) "Menus will be just as nutritious," a military food­ office. In San Francisco, 14 were sold at a Re­ Brooklyn 157 325 48 (244) supply officer (who probably eats at home) ex­ tail Clerk's meeting, and Detroit sold 12 at a Cleveland 120 250 48 (285) plained to Associated Press recently, "but not as Metropolitan Detroit AFL-CIO meeting. Salespeo­ College Park 23 50 46 ( 28) delicious." ple from the Oakland/ Berkeley area sold 30 at the San Francisco 220 500 44 (267) In August 1972, long before the big jump in weekly Shell strike rally in Martinez. Denver 80 225 36 ( 80) meat prices, the Defense Department had already Two areas report sales at tax protests- Twin TOTAL SOLD LAST WEEK 5,726 ordered the armed forces to cut beef purchases Cities, 22 Militants, and Lower Manhattan, 17. GOAL 7,000 by 10 percent. The Navy went even further. Among Lunch hour sales are also proving successful. (*no report) the items eliminated from their menus are minute In San Francisco 45 papers were sold last week steaks, frozen beef tenderloin, lamb chops, Ca­ by supporters who work downtown and sold dur­ I WANT TO TAKE A SALES QUOTA OF nadian bacon, and pork spareribs. Flounder, had­ ing their lunch breaks. ------dock, lobster, shrimp, and oysters haven't been While sales were down nationally this week ( 444 Please send me a weekly bundle of ( 12.5 cents/ seen lately either, not to mention asparagus and less than the previous week's), three areas decided copy, payable after you sell them): 5 10 25 corn on the cob. to take on higher weekly sales goals. Lower Man­ Other It seems, however, that the top brass have ig­ hattan raised their quota for the second time­ nored an area where cutbacks would be almost from 350 to 400; Upper West Side from 325 to Name painless -except for themselves -the millions of 400; and Atlanta from 250 to 300. Address dollars spent annually on their servants ("aides"). All areas will be making a special effort during City State Zip In today's Action Army, a general gets one "aide" this next week to get out The Militant with its call 14 Charles Lane, New York, N .. Y. 10014 for each star on his shoulder. In a speech prepared for the Senate April 18, Senator William Proxmire ( D-Wis.) charged that "taxpayers are hit for almost $22-million a year to make life soft for generals, admirals, and Navy captains." A special report the General Accounting April YS sales top 20,000 Office prepared at his request revealed that "$21.3- million is spent to pay military servants and an­ By DELPFINE WELCH other $360,000 is spent to train them. The Philadelphia-Washington Young Socialist team Young Socialist teams "These 1, 722 men are supposed to be volun­ set the pace in sales of the Young Socialist and MILITANT YOUNG teers," Proxmire continued, "but 13 percent of the The Militant this week. In just one week the four SOCIALIST enlisted aides interviewed told the GAO they were team members sold 620 papers. TEAM SOLD WEEKLY SOLD WEEKLY assigned to be servants." The 12 teams touring campuses this spring re­ LAST GOAL LAST GOAL What kind of essential defense services do these port that the April Young Socialist, featuring a WEEK WEEK "aides" provide? Well, in a special program at firsthand report on the struggle at Wounded Knee, Philadelphia-D. C. 316 200 304 200 Fort Lee, Va., they're trained to make penguins continues to be a fast seller. The Cleveland-Detroit Denver 250 200 235 200 out of hard-boiled eggs, carve swans out of ice, team sold 185 YSs in one day at the University Boston 220 200 205 200 bake chocolate-covered petit-fours, and empty ash­ of Michigan in Ann Arbor. Berkeley-San Francisco 184 175 181 175 trays. Altogether the 12 teams sold more than 10,000 Twin Cities 180 150 180 150 According to a Feb. 1 Associated Press account, of the April YS. In addition, YS supporters and New York 165 150 180 150 the "duties listed in the course include pet care, Young Socialist Alliance chapters ordered 10,000 Austin-Houston 154 150 150 150 cleaning of a general's headquarters, care of of­ YSs for sales across the country, to make a total Atlanta 166 200 184 200 ficer's uniform and equipment, preparation of cen­ of more than 20,000 students and young people 178 200 187 200 Chicago terpieces and ice carvings, and watering plants. reading the YS this month. Cleveland-Detroit 149 200 267 200 "A section called household duties includes these Twenty-five people, mostly foreign students, at los Angeles-San Diego 119 150 65 150 responsibilities: empty and wash all the ashtrays; Southern Illinois University in Carbondale heard Seattle-Portland 117 150 106 150 sweep off steps and porch; scour tub, lavatory, Diane Rupp of the Chicago team speak on "So­ TOTAL SOLD 2, 198 2, 125 2,244 2,125 and all fixtures; empty laundry hamper; insure cialism and Democracy." A Palestinian studentthere offered to help sell The Militant because. "it is the adequate supply of soap, facial tissue, toilet tis­ first newspaper I have seen in the U. S. that de­ ------sue, and toothpaste." fends my homeland." After all, explained Major Richard Heinz, who heads the Fort Lee program, a general is im­ The New York team helped build a meeting $0 $6,923 $10,000 at Yale University for Norman Oliver, SWP can­ portant, "he's a leader." He "doesn't have time didate for mayor of New York City and member () I can contribute $ __ to the $10,000 YS Teams to shine a pair of shoes, so he's given an enlisted of the YSA's national committee. About 30 Black Fund. man to help him." . students heard Oliver speak on "Socialism: Is It ( ) I can provide food and housing, set up a speaking Shining a general's shoes is bad enough. But Relevant to the Black Experience?" engagement or interview, or otherwise help a team suppose you were in Master Sergeant Lawrence The Young Socialist Teams Fund has received visiting my area. Hettinger's place. "I had to jump out of an air­ plane with a general," he told reporters, "and set $6,923 to date, including a $100 contribution last Name------week from a supporter in Cleveland. Contribu­ Address------­ up his tent." -MICHAEL BAUMANN tions are still urgently needed to complete the drive City State Zip __ for the $10,000 required to finance the teams. YS Teams Fund, Box 471 Cooper Station, New York, Please send in your contribution today. N.Y. 10003.

THE MILITANT/MAY 4, 1973 21 TWIN CITIES ticipation in Nixon's antilabor pro­ Kremlin diplomacy flowed from MAY DAY SPRING SOCIALIST CONFERENCE. Fri., grams. Stalin's theory that it was possible to May 4, 8 p.m.: The Struggle Against Racism by An­ "build socialism in one country"- the drew Pulley; Sat., May 5, 11 a.m.: History of the Instead of relying on the govern­ Antiwar Movement by Stephanie Coontz; 4 p.m.: The ment, the unions should organize a Soviet Union. Calendar Family: A Marxist View by Mary Hillery; 6 p.m.: big campaign to expose the lie of This theory repudiated the Marxist AUSTIN Dinner; 7:30 p.m.: Why Socialism? The Coming Amer­ position that there can be no lasting the ruling class that wages are the IN HONOR OF MAY DAY: A HISTORY OF THE AMER­ ican Revolution by Stephanie Coontz. Entire confer­ stability between a workers state and ICAN LABOR STRUGGLE. Speaker: Tom Kincaid. Fri., cause of inflation. Inflation is built ence: $4.50, or $] per session. Dinner: $1.50. 1 Uni­ the capitalist world. Lenin and May 4, 8 p.m. Harriet Tubman Hall, 1801 Nueces. versity Ave. N. E., Mpls. Sponsored by Young Socialist into this ·capitalist system in its ad­ Trotsky repeatedly explained that the Followed by May Day celebration and party. For Alliance and Minneapolis Socialist Workers 1973 Cam­ vanced stage. Rising prices are the more information call (512) 478-8602. · paign. For more information call (612) 332-7781. only way to defend the gains made by fault of capitalism, not of the workers, the 1917 Russian revolution was to NEW YORK CITY and the workers shouldn't have to extend the overturn of capitalism to A SOCIALIST CONFERENCE ON INTERNATIONAL sacrifice their income for it. Instead other countries. But "peaceful coexis­ REVOLUTIONARY STRUGGLES- May 4 and 5 at New they need to fight to protect them­ tence" is a theory based on preserving York University. Fri., May 4, 8 p.m., Main Bldg., Sev­ ... EIIsberg selves and their families against the the world status quo, instead of en­ enth Floor, 100 Washington Sq. Eas~ National Lib­ eration, Socialism, and Vietnam by Dick Roberts. $]. Continued from page 4 effects of inflation. couraging and aiding the revolution­ Sat., May 5, II a.m., Main Bldg. Rooms 806, 808, ever, Judge Byrne halted this line of War spending greatly exacerbates ary struggle to overthrow capitalism. 809: Dynamics of African Liberation by Tony Thomas; questioning. the inflationary pressure. The fight To carry it out, the Communist par­ The Case lor an Independent Puerto Rico; Zionism In protesting the judge's ruling, the ·against rising prices should be linked ties were transformed under .Stalinist and Anti-Semitism: A Marxist Critique by Dave Fran­ rule from revolutionary parties into keL SOc per session. I p.m.: Conference participants defense argued that in precedents set to the fight against Nixon's recent will be marching in demonstration against high prices. in the Nuremberg trials, an individual threats to renew the bombing of North political instruments designed to fur­ 7:30 p.m., Tishman Auditorium: Socialist Campaign who has knowledge of violations of Vietnam, and •the aggressive U.S. ther the short-term interests of Soviet Rally, featuring Norman Oliver, SWP candidate lor military operations now going on in foreign policy. NYC mayor; Peter Camejo, speaking on Revolution­ international law has a responsibility Cambodia and Laos. This repudiation of an international­ aries and the Argentina Elections. $1. Following rally, to report these violations to authori­ ist perspective was justified on party at 706 Broadway. Sun., May 6, 12 noon: Inter­ Many unions have gone on record ties. In the present case, the defense the grounds that Soviet foreign policy national Revolution and American Youth. Speaker: against U.S. intervention in Southeast argueQ., these violations must have was in the interests of the world work­ Olga Rodriguez. For more information call (212) 982- Asia, and many unions have been 8214. been reported to Congress. ing class, and that it would lead to By exposing violations of interna­ involved in antiwar activities. The ties world peace. SAN FRANCISCO tional law, the defense pointed out, an the antiwar movement has established But the policy of making conces­ GRAND OPENING BANQUET AND MAY DAY CELE­ individual might put himself in viola­ with the trade unionists through build­ sions to imperialism does not lead BRATION. Sat., May 5, 6:30p.m. at new headquarters ing the antiwar protests were impor­ of the Socialist Workers Party and Young Socialist tion of domestic law. In such a case to peace. Instead, it encourages the im­ Alliance, 1519 Mission St. Hear Fred Halstead speak a jury could decide that a defendant tant in winning support from students perialists to grab even more, to push on the revolUtionary movement in Argentina. Dinner violated domestic law but acted rea­ and others for the April 28 and May even harder in their drive to defeat will be served. Entertainment. Cinco de Mayo party: sonably under international law, thus 5 protests. The fight against Nixon's revolutions, and ultimately, to rees­ Reservations: $4 per person. Mail to SWP, 1519 Mis­ excusing the offense under domestic war plans and the $80-billion war tablish capitalism in the· workers sion St., S. ~-·or call (415)864-9174. law. budget should also be taken up by states. It was precisely the failure of SEATTLE Judge Byrne, however, rejected this the union in the struggle against in­ Moscow and Peking to come to the aid SOCIALIST PERSPECnVES '73. Socialist educational line of reasoning, and Falk was ex­ flation. and defense of the Vietnamese that conference-May 11-12 at University al Washington, led Washington to continue to escalate cused from the stand as the defense Sieg Hall, Room 134. Fri., May 11, 7:30 p.m.: De­ the war. rested its case. lending the African Liberation Struggle. Panel: Mark Nor is Moscow's foreign policy in Smith, vice-chairman, YOBU; Tony Thomas, Militant The first rebuttal witness called by the interests of the Soviet workers and staff writer. $1. Sat., May 12,10 a.m.: Nixon's Squeeze the prosecution was retired Rear Ad­ ... CP peasants, who could only benefit from on the Poor: Cutbacks and Inflation. Panel including miral Lloyd Roland Vasey. He as­ Continued from page 19 Shirley Siegel of Seattle meat boycott; Eke Nelson, an extension of the revolution. The Martin Luther King Day-Care Center; Claire Fraenzl, serted that information in the Penta­ less openly endorsed the Democratic line of "peaceful coexistence" is of no SWP candidate for school board of Seattle; others. gon papers could be pieced together presidential campaigns of Stevenson, aid to the revolutionary movement SOc. 1 p.m.: A Strategy lor Revolutionary Youth. Pre­ by an enemy power to form a valu­ Kennedy, Johnson, and Humphrey. in the capitalist world. Anticapitalist sentation by Fred Lovgren, former national coordi­ nator of Student Mobilization Committee and national able picture of U. S. contingency plans Each and every one of these phony struggles are derailed and sabotaged committee member of Young Socialist Alliance. SOc. and capabilities. Cross-examination turns -like the current one-has been by the Stalinists, who subordinate the $].50 lor entire conference. Sponsored by Young So­ revealed that similar material was to carried out under the sign of "peace­ revolutionary movement to their sup­ cialists lor Honts, Associated Students at the Univer­ be found in the semipublic Naval In­ ful coexistence" between Moscow and port for the "progressive" wing of the sity of Washington, YSA, ond political science dept., stitute Review. one or more imperialist power. This ruling class. UoiW. doctrine, invented by Joseph Stalin, It is on the basis of this theory of SOCIALIST WORKERS CAMPAIGN BANQUET AND holds that the interests of the world "peaceful coexistence" that the CP in RALLY. Featured speakers: Norman Oliver, SWP can­ • working class can best be served by this country justifies its policy of sup­ didate for mayor of New York City; Louise Pitell, subordinating the class struggle in porting capitalist politics. This can SWP candidate br Seattle city council; Craig Honts, ... un1ons every country to the aims of pro­ result in CP support- backhanded or SWP candidate for mayor of Seattle; entertainment. Continued from page ll moting "peaceful" relations between the openly- for Democrats or Republi­ Sat., May 12, American Friends Center, 4001 Ninth partiality. The union m·ovement capitalist class of that country and cans, with or without the cover of a Ave. N. E., Seattle. Banquet: 6:30 p.m. Rally: 8 p.m. should see to it that its representatives Donation: $3.50 for entire evening. $].50, rally only, the Soviet Union. The idea that the CP candidate. h. s. students 75c. For more information contact YSA, get off these government boards and international class struggle should Despite the so-called new CP election 5257 University Way N. E. Tel: (209) 523-2555. put an end to the bureaucrat's par- take a back seat to the interests of policy, that line remains unaltered. Socialist Directory ALABAMA: Tuscaloosa: YSA, P. 0. Box 5462, University, Ala. 35486. fayette, La. 70501. University, Bowling Green, Oh;a 43402. ARIZONA: Phoenix: c/o Steve Shliveck, P. 0. Box 890, Temple Ariz. Lake Charles: YSA, c/o Cathy Harrison, P. 0. Box 16, MSU, Lake Cincinnati: YSA, c/o C. R. Mitts, P. 0. Box: 32084, Cincinnati, Ohio 45232. 85281. Charles, La. 70601. Tel: (513) 242-6132. CALIFORNIA: Berkeley-Oakland: SWP and YSA, 3536 Telegraph Ave., MARYLAND: Baltimore: YSA, c/o Dave McKim, 2103 Belair Rd., Balti­ Cleveland: SWP and YSA, 4420 Superior Ave., Cleveland, Ohio 44103. Oakland, Calif. 94609. Tel: (415)654-9728. more, Md. 21213. Tel: (301) 732-8996. Tel: SWP-(216) 391-5553, YSA-(216) 391-3278. Chico: YSA, c/o Kathy Isabell, 266 E. Sacramento Ave., Chico, Calif. College Park: YSA, University P. 0. Box 73, U of Md., College Park, Columbus: YSA, c/o Daryl Drobnick, 1510 Georgesville Rd., Colum­ 95926. Md. 20742. bus, Ohio 43228. Los Angeles: SWP and YSA, 1107 1/2 N. Western Ave., Las Angeles, MASSACHUSETTS: Amherst: YSA, R. S. 0. Box 324, U of Mass., Amherst, Toledo: YSA, c/o Shannon O'Toole, 1606 Freeman St., •2, Toledo, Ohio Calif. 90029. Tel: SWP-(213)463-1917, YSA-(213)463-1966. Mass. 01002. 43606. Tel: (419) 472-2592. Riverside: YSA, c/o Univ. of Cala. at Riverside, 1134 Library South, Boston: SWP and YSA, c/o Militant Labor Forum, 655 Atlantic Ave., Yellow Springs: YSA, Antioch College Union, Yellow Springs, Ohio Riverside, Calif. 92502. Third Floor, Boston, Mass. 02111. Tel: SWP-(617) 482-8050, YSA­ 45387. Sacramento: YSA, c/o Darren Crown, 2321 'E" St., Sacramento, Calif. (617) 482-8051; Issues and Activists Speaker's Bureau (IASB) andRe­ OREGON: Eugene: YSA, c/o Dave Hough, 12161/2 Linc·oln, Eugene, 95816. gional Committee- (617) 482-8052; Pathfinder Books- (617) 33S-8560. Ore. 97401. San Diego: SWP, YSA, and Militant Bookstore, 4635 El Cajon Blvd., MICHIGAN: Detroit: SWP, YSA, Eugene V. Debs Hall, 3737 Woodward Portland: SWP and YSA, 208 S. W. Stark, Filth Floor, Portland, Ore. San Diego, Calif. 92115. Tel: (714)280-1292. Ave., Detroit, Mich. 48201. Tel: (313) TEl-6135. 97204. Tel: (503)226-2715. San Francisco: SWP, YSA, Militant Labor Forum, and Militant Books, East Lansing: YSA, Second Floor Offices, Union Bldg. Michigan Stale PENNSYLVANIA: Edinboro: YSA, Edinboro State College, Edinboro, 1519 Mission St., San Francisco, Calif. 94103. Tel: (415) 864-9174. University, East Lansing, Mich. 48823. Pa.16412. San Jose: YSA, c/o Chico Aldape, 543 S. 9th, *5, San Jose, Calif. Mt. Pleasant: YSA, P. 0. Box 98, Warriner Hall, CMU, MI. Pleasant, Philadelphia: SWP and YSA, 1004 Filbert St. (one block north of Mar­ 95112. Tel: (408) 286-8492. Mich. 48858. ket). Philadelphia, Po. 19107. Tel: (215) WAS-4316. San Mateo: YSA, c/o Chris Stanley, 1712 Yorktown Rd., San Mateo, MINNESOTA: Minneapolis-St. Paul: SWP, YSA, and Labor Bookstore, RHODE ISLAND: Providence: YSA, P.O. Box 117, Annex Sta., Provi­ Calif. 97330. 1 University N.E. (at E. Hennepin) Second Floor, Mpls. 55413. Tel: (612) dence, R.I. 02901. Militant Bookstore: 88 Benevolent St. Tel: )4011 331- Santa Barbara: YSA, c/o Carolyn Marsden, 413 Shasta Ln., Santa 332-7781. 1480. - Barbara, Calif. 93101. MISSOURI: Kansas City: YSA, c/o Student Activities Office, U of Mis­ SOUTH DAKOTA: Sioux Falls: YSA, c/o Deb Rogers, Box 1658, Au­ COLORADO: Boulder: YSA, c/o UMC Hostess Desk, U of Colorado, souri at Kansas City, 5100 Rockhill Road, Kansas City, Mo. 64110. gustana College, Sioux Falls, S. Dak. 57102. Boulder, Colo. 80302. St. Louis: YSA, P.O. Box 8037, St. louis, Mo. 63156. Tel: (314) 371- TENNESSEE: Nashville: YSA, 1214 17th Ave. S., Nashville, Tenn. Denver: SWP, YSA, and Militant Bookstore, 1203 California, Denver, 1503. 37212. Tel: (615) 292-8827. Colo. 80204. Tel: (303) 623-2825. Bookstore open Mon.-Sat., 10:30 a.m. NEW HAMPSHIRE: Portsmouth: YSA, P. 0. Box 479, Durham, N.H. TEXAS: Austin: YSA, SWP, Militant Bookstore, Harriet Tubman Hall, -7 p.m. 03824. 1801 Nueces, Austin, Texas 78701. Tel: (512) 478-8602. CONNECTICUT: Hartford: YSA, P.O. Box 1184, Hartford, Conn. 06101. NEW JERSEY: New Brunswick: YSA, c/o Ruben Monlare, livingston Houston: SWP, YSA, and Pathfinder Books, 3311 Montrose, Houston, Tel: (203)523-7582. College, Room 313, New Brunswick, N.J. 10119. Tel: (201) 463-9766. Texas 77006. Tel. (713) 526-1082. New Haven: YSA, P. 0. Box 185, New Haven, Conn. 06501. NEW MEXICO: Albuquerque: YSA, c/o Kathy Helmer, 9920 Leyen­ San Antonio: YSA, c/o P. 0. Box 774, San Antonio, Texas 78202. Storrs: YSA, U of Conn., P. 0. Box 344, Storrs, Conn. 06268. decker Rd. N. E., Albuquerque, N. M. 87112. Tel: (505) 296-6230. UTAH: Logon: YSA, P. 0. Box 1233, Utah State University, Logan, Utah FLORIDA: Tallahassee: YSA, c/o Sarah Ryan, 1806 Lake Bradford Rd., NEW YORK: Albany: YSA, c/o Laura Grunberg, Box 2179, Mohican 84321. Tallahassee, Fla. 32304. Hall, Indian Quad 1400, Washington Ave. SUNY, Albany, N.Y. 12203 Salt Lake City: YSA, Student Activities CeJ:ller, University of Utah, Salt GEORGIA: Atlanta: Militant Bookstore, 68 Peachtree St. N. E., Third Binghamton: YSA, Box 1073, Harpur College, Binghamton, N.Y. 13901. Lake City, Utah 8411 2. Floor, Atlanta, Ga. 30303. SWP and YSA, P. 0. Box 846, Atlanta, Ga. Tel: (607) 798-4142. VERMONT: Burlington: YSA, c/o John Franco, 241 Malletts Bay Avf!., 30301. Tel: (404) 523-0610. · Brooklyn: SWP and YSA, 136 Lawrence St. (at Willoughby). Brooklyn, Winooski, Vt. 05404. ILliNOIS: Carbondale: YSA, c/o Lawrence Roth/Mark Harris, 505 S. N.Y. 11201. Tel: (212) 596-2849. WASHINGTON, D. C.: SWP 'and YSA, 746 9th St. N. W., Second Floor, Graham, *341, Carbondale, Ill. 62901. Long Island: YSA, P.O. Box 357, Roosevelt, L.l., N.Y. 11575. Tel: (516) Wash., D. C. 20001. Tel: (202)783-2363. Chicago: SWP, YSA, and bookstore, 180 N. Wacker Dr., Room 310, FR9-0289. WASHINGTON: Pullman: YSA, c/o Dean W. Johnson, 1718 A St., Chicago, Ill. 60606. Tel: SWP-(312) 641-0147, YSA-(312) 641-0233. New York City- City-wide SWP and YSA, 706 Broadway (4th St.). Pullman, Wash. 99163. INDIANA: Bloomington: YSA, c/o Student Activities Desk, Indiana Uni­ Eighth Floor, New York, N.Y. 10003. Tel: (212) 982-8214. Seattle: SWP, YSA, and Militant Bookstore, 5257 University Way N. E., versity, Bloomington, Ind. 47401. Lower Manhattan: SWP, YSA, and Merit Bookstore, 706 Broadway Seattle, Wash. 98105. Hrs. 11 a.m.-8 p.m., Mon.-Sat. Tel: (206) 523- IOWA: Cedar Falls: YSA, c/o Mark Jacobsen, 2310 College St. Apt. B, (4th St.), Eighth Floor, New York, N.Y. 10003. Tel: SWP, YSA-(212) 982- 2555. Cedar Falls, Iowa 50613. Tel: (319) 277-2544. 6051; Merit Books- (212) 982-5940. WEST VIRGINIA: Huntington: YSA, Marshall University, Huntington, KENTUCKY: Lexington: YSA, P. 0. Box 952, University Station, Lexinfj Upper West Side: SWP and YSA, ~ 7 44 Broadway (106th St.), New W.Va. 25701. ton, Ky. 40506. York, N.Y. 10025. Tel: (212) 663-3000. WISCONSIN: Madison: YSA, c/o James Levitt, 411 W. Gorham St., LOUISIANA: Lafayette: YSA, c/o Cliff Schlicher, 216 Spring St., La- OHIO: Bowling Green: YSA, Box 27, U. Hall, Bowling Green State Madison, Wis. 53703. Tel: (608) 257-2835.

22 Join the Young SOdalst \Alliance The YSA is a revolutionary socialist organization for young people who want an alternative to this decaying society. A total transformation of society and the construction of socialism is what the YSA is fighting for. If you want to work for a revolutionary change, join the YSA.

-Send me a free copy of the Join the YSA brochure. -Enclosed is $_ for __ copies of the Join the YSA brochure at two cents each ($2/100). _I want to join the YSA. _I would like more information about the YSA. _Enclosed is $1 for 6 months (6 issues) of the YOUNG SOCIALIST. Write for our 1973 catalog of books and pamphlets and order a bundle for distribution in your city: PATHFINDER PRESS, INC., Name------­ 410 West Street, New York, N.Y. 10014. Address------CitY------State ______Zip Phone ______

YSA, Box 471 Cooper Station, New York, N.Y. 10003. (212) 989-7570. Genocide Against the Indians by George Novack Land or $.60 in the May PATHFINDER PRESS, 410 West Death St., New York, N.Y. 10014. International by Hugo Socialist Blanco With an introduction by Peter Camejo. Review S6.95 cloth, $2.45 paper. PATHFINDER PRESS, 410 West St., New York, N.Y. 10014.

MAY 4·5·6 WAYNE STATE U. DETROIT also: $J. for entire conference7- session Ralph Nader's Consumer Populism/The Real Welfare Box 49, UCB, Wayne U. 833-5898 Scandal/A Reply to the Kremlin's Attacks on Trotskyism/ DETROIT African Liberation Day SOCIAUST Subscribe. 3 months$1 I 1year$5 WORKERs 14 Charles Lane, New York, N.Y. 10014 MAUBUAL CAMPAIGN BANQUET 5:30 - CocY.tails 6: 30 - Dinner 8:00 - Prorram A Socialist Conference on All:'IOUTICI!IG - Order from PATHFINDER PRESS, t.lACEO DIXON - 1972 Socialist WorY.ers INC., 410 West Street, New York, candinate for U.S. Hepresentative N.Y. 10014 Tel. (212)741-0690 1973 candidate for :.'avor of Detroit lntert1ational "Quality of Life in D~troit. 11 Revolutionary :t3.50/1Jonation - tl.DO/Pro,ram only 3ATURDAY, '·lAY '5. 3737 WOODWARD AVEil!% Struggles May 4 & 5 SEAITLE------~ New York University Fri. 8:00PM- Main Bldg., 100 \·lash. Sq. East SOCIALIST PIRSPICTIVIS '73 NATIONALISM, SOCIALISM, and VIETNAM Socialist Conference at the University of Washington, Sieg Hall, Room Sat. 11:00 AM- Main Bldg., 100 Wash. Sq'. East 134. FRIDAY, MAY 11, 7:30 p.m.: Defending the African Liberation Strug­ DYNAMICS of AFRICAN LIBERATION gle. SATURDAY, MAY 12, 10 a.m.: Nixon's Squeeze on the Poor: Inflation THE CASE for an INDEPENDENT PUERTO RICO and Cutbacks. 1 p.m.: A Strategy for Revolutionary Youth. $2.50 for the ZIONISM and ANTI-SEMITISM: A MARXIST CRITIQUE entire conference. Sat. 7:30 PM- Tishman Aud. CAMPAIGN RALLY Peter Camejo: EYE-WITNESS REPORT OF ARGENTINA SIP CAMPAIGN ELECTIONS Norman Oliver: SWP CANDIDATE FOR MAYOR~ NYC SATURDAY, MAY 12, 6:30 p.m. at the Friends Center, 4001 Ninth Ave. Sponsors: Young Socialist Alliance N. E. Featured speaker: Norman Oliver, Socialist Workers Party candidate for mayor of New York. Tickets, $3.50; rally only, $1.50. For more infor­ Young Socialists for Oliver mation, call {209) 523-2555. dmissions

THE MILITANT/MAY 4, 1973 23 THE MILITANT stog Detroit's killer cogs Abolish STRESS unit now!

By MIKE KELLY grow. More than 50,000 leaflets have DETROIT, April 20 -A number of been passed out and committees have prominent Black leaders have an­ been organized at a number of area nounced they will speak at the April high schools and campuses. The or­ 28 demonstration against police ter­ ganizing center for the coalition has ror. The demonstrators are demand­ been the office of the Associated Black ing abolition of the police terror squad Students at Wayne State University. known as STRESS ("Stop The Rob­ The coalition has now been officially beries, Enjoy Safe Streets"). recognized as a student organization STRESS has killed 18 people, 17 and received its first budget. of them Black, since its inception in For the Coalition to Abolish January 1971. STRESS and its predecessor, the Inde­ Scheduled to speak at this point are pendent Black Committee of Inquiry 1'.; Elliot Hall, president of the NAACP; into Police Terror, the April 28 dem­ 'UH! lUJ Stu House, aide to Congressman John onstration will climax a four-month Conyers (D-Mich.); Larry Simmons, campaign to expose how STRESS ter­ African Liberation Support Commit­ rorizes the Black community and to tee; Loretta Akers, president, Associat­ mobilize the anti-STRESS sentiment ed Black. Students, Wayne State Uni­ in effective action to abolish it. versity. A series of widely publicized hear­ · Also, Cornelius Hudson, president ings were held in the Black communi­ of Local 26 of the Sanitation Workers ty earlier this year. Many citizens testi­ u_nion; Samuel Simpson, president, fied to having witnessed or experi­ Wolverine Bar Association; Ron enced police brutality. A series of ral­ Lockett, coordinator of the Coalition lies, picket lines, and memorial meet­ to Abolish STRESS; Maceo Dixon, ings involved several thousand Black Socialist Workers Party candidate for people. mayor; Trudi Hawkins, coordinator Those wanting to contribute funds of Mumford High School Students or work with the coalition should call Against STRESS; and others. (313) 577-3489 or come to the Wayne New endorsers of the demonstration State Associated Black Students Office, include Imari Obadele, president of University Center Building. the Republic of New Africa, and "But­ terball Jr." of the radio station WCHB. DETROIT, April 20- Recorder's They join such figures as state repre­ Court Judge Samuel Gardner has sentatives. Daisy Elliot and Jackie dropped charges of arson against 18- Vaughn fn in endorsing the action. year-old Hayward Brown. A news conference is scheduled for Brown had faced the arson charge April 24 in Representative John Con­ as a result of a firebombing of the yers's office to announce final plans Planned Parenthood League officehere for the action. The city's Park Com­ Jan. 12. mission has approved Kennedy This was the second charge dropped Square as the site for the 1:30 p.m. against Brown. On April 6 Gardner rally. dropped first-degree murder charges The police department, however, is against Brown in the death of patrol­ refusing to okay the march route. man Robert Bradford, a member of Detroit's STRESS ("Stop The Robber­ ies, Enjoy Safe Streets") squad. Maceo Dixon launches socialist Brown and two companions, 23- campaign for mayor of Detroit. year-old John Percy Boyd and 22- See page 17. year-old Mark Clyde Bethune, were charged with the Dec. 27 death of Bradford and the wounding of his Demonstrators are to assemble at STRESS cop armed with an M-1 carbine and snub-nosed .38 checks Detroit street map partner, Robert Dooley, also of the Wayne State University and match STRESS squad. before going out on night patrol. Since its inception in 1971, STRESS cops have killed from there to Kennedy Square. The Gardner said he couldn't find "one 18 people. Seventeen of the victims have been Black. route includes going through the scintilla of evidence that defendant Brewster Street projects. The police Hayward Brown in any way whatso­ are apparently afraid the marchers ever was involved in the deliberate down by Atlanta ~olice in separate $8,000. Prosecutor William Cahalan will pick up considerable support from and premeditated killing of officer incidents in February. Brown was cap­ denounced the lowering of bail and this heavily populated Black area. Bradford." tured Jan. 12 and severely beaten by appealed the decision to the Michigan Coalition activists said they intend Brown, Boyd, and Bethune were al­ police at the time. Many credit his not Court of Appeals. The three-judge to fight for the original march route so being sought by Detroit police for being murdered to the massive pro­ panel of the Appeals Court has tempo­ when the question comes up before De­ the Dec. 4 wounding of four STRESS test at Detroit's common council, where rarily set aside Gardner's ruling, thus troit's common council. officers. some 2,000 Blacks protested the bru­ raising the bail back to $72,000. Support for the protest continues to Boyd and Bethune were gunned tal police methods being used hi the search for the three Blacks. Cahalan's request for an emergency Brown still faces charges of attempt­ hearing on the matter is expected to­ ed murder in the Dec. 4 shootings, as­ day. sault with intent to kill in the Dec. 27 A news conference of prominent ones, and an earlier concealed weap­ Black leaders attacked the ruling. ons charge. April 30 has been set They included Cockrel; Elliot Hall, as Brown's trial date for the Dec. 4 president of the NAACP; Edward Bell, attempted murder charges. former Wayne County· judge and can­ Brown's attorneys, including the didate for mayor; and .State Senator well-known Black attorney Kenneth Coleman Young, also a candidate for Cockrel, have announced they will ar­ mayor. gue self-defense in that trial. Cahalan made no similar protest An attempt to have Gardner, who when bail for STRESS cop Raymond is Black, removed as the presiding Peterson was set at $10,000. Peterson judge was refused by Recorder's Judge is now free on bail, charged with the George Crockett Jr., who received the March 9 murder of 24-year-old Robert petition to do so from the county Hoyt. Peterson has been involved in prosecutor. more than half of the STRESS unit's Part of crowd of 2,000 at Detroit common council meeting in January protesting Brown is now eligible for bail. Bail 18 killings in the last two years. was originally set for $72,000 but Seventeen of the victims have been STRESS activities. subsequently reduced by Gardner to Blacks.

24