DOCSLIB.ORG

Indicator South Africa

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Indicator South Africa VOLUME THIRTEEN NUMBER THREE WINTER 1996 INDICATOR SOUTH AFRICA THE BAROMETER OF SOCIAL TRENDS M E M B E R S MAJOR DONORS Anglo American & De Beers Chairman's Fund Education Trust First National Bank of Southern Africa Ltd Human Sciences Research Council South African Breweries Ltd AECI Ltd * Africa Institute of SA * Amalgamated Beverage Industries * Barlow Limited * BP Southern Africa * Chamber of Mines of SA * Colgate-Palmolive (Pty) Ltd * Data Research Africa * Durban Regional Chamber of Business * ESKOM * Gencor SA Limited * Johannesburg Consolidated Investment Co Ltd * Johnson & Johnson * S. C. Johnson Wax * Konrad Adenauer Stiftung * KwaZulu Finance & Investment Corp * Liberty Life * Malbak Ltd * Nampak * Pick 'n Pay Corporate Services * Pretoria Portland Cement Co * Rand Merchant Bank * Richards Bay Minerals * Sanlam * SA Sugar Association * Southern Life * Standard Bank Foundation * Starcke Associates * Suncrush Limited * University of South Africa (UNISA) * Vaal Reef Exploration & Mining Co Ltd * Wooltru Ltd INDICATOR SOUTH AFR ICA Ym might think they are worlds apart WOOLTRU committed to the Future of South Africa. Ingenuity. Craftsmanship. Universal qualities. WQLWOKTHS "FRUWORTHS TOPICS C™*^) Like the talents that bring people together in appreciation of creative excellence. JCI invests time and money enhancing these qualities in people from all walks of life. Johannesburg Consolidated Investment Company Limited. Looking forward to the future. m Lin II "iijiiiiiiiiiiii,, I llfffiiiiiiiiiMiF We at Johnson & Johnson prefer to take a long term view of things with an optimism borne of a sound reputation. A reputation based on superior levels of customer service and backed by personnel whose attention to product is equally uncompromising. By constantly reassessing, developing and setting higher standards, we aim to continue to provide hospitals and their allied professions with an even more comprehensive range of professional products, serviced by our own specialized divisions: Critikon. Ethicon. And Surgikos. Look out for Johnson & Johnson. You'll discover a company setting new f PROFESSIONAL PRODUCTS PROFESSIONELEPRODUKTE P.O. Box273 New Road, Halfway standards. Now. And in the future. Halfway House 1685 House. Tel805-2110 Helping the hands that heal. WINTER 1996 Editorial President Mandela in the United Kingdom, Deputy SOUTH AFRICA President Mbeki in the United States and Olympic gold INDICATOR medals - South Africa is in the world news again - happily as a result of events which make us proud. On the political front, the South African ambassadors Quarterly Report VOLUME 13 NUMBER 3 undoubtedly had much explaining to do. Internally, continuing political violence in KwaZulu-Natal and concomitant political instability raises concerns, as CONTENTS does crime and industrial action. But it is South Africa's role in the region that increasingly Trading Places: 64 attracts the heat of the international spotlight. This wmmiM nomiou Nigeria and South Africa country is under mounting pressure to provide a POLITICAL MONITOR normative model of reconciliation and reconstruction Adekeye Adebajo and Chris Landsberg Africa's future wars will be waged against poverty and which developing countries on the continent and KwaZulu-Natal's Constitution: 31 in favour of political liberalisation. South Africa is better beyond may learn from. Added to this formidable task, Majority Rules, OK? Turning Point Or Footnote? positioned than Nigeria to lead the continent. South Africa is also expected to be Southern Africa's The GNU and Multiparty Democracy Alexander M. Johnston economic powerhouse. David Welsh The bruising experience of the constitution making Responding to Jung and Shapiro's criticisms of the process showed that the term 'ruling party'has limited Under the new global order in which state boundaries Government of National Unity, this article argues that it significance. have become increasingly porous, these challenges helped stabilise the country. are unavoidable. This edition of Indicator SA focuses on cross-border migration and other issues pertinent to the Shifting The Balance? 36 region. Articles consider whether stronger border Local Elections in KwaZulu-Natal controls are the answer, or whether refugees deserve Defending Borders:Strategic Charm Govender preferential treatment over the inappropriately named Responses to Illegal Immigrants Votes were cast in terms of material and economic DEVELOPMENT MONITOR Hussein Solomon interests. The ANC is popular with urban African 'illegal aliens'. communities, while the IFP retains its rural dominance. Evaluating responses to the influx of illegal immigrants The Development Corridor Route: 70 into the country, this article concludes that stronger But a common thread runs through all these debates: border controls are needed. New Highways or Old By-ways? the ultimate solution will require a cooperative effort by Anticlimax: 41 Philip Harrison and Alison Todes all countries in the region to tackle the root causes of Cape Town's Local Elections This article considers the Witbank-Maputo Corridor and mass migrations. In her article, Ryan Sinclair warns that proposed KwaZulu-Natal corridors. The idea is Jeremy Seekings conceptually crude and needs refining. the potential for refugee crises in Africa is great, Unwilling Aliens: Forced Migrants 14 In a supposedly titanic local government contest, the whether from political persecution, civil war, in the New South Africa ANC's challenge petered out and the NP limped into environmental degradation or economic ruin. But what power, maintaining its dominant position. Marion Ryan Sinclair of the short term? How should the inevitable influx of A distinction must be made between forced and people be handled? voluntary migration, as refugees are inevitably and 76 inappropriately branded 'illegals'. [Resettling Old Scores: 46 Learning the Home Way: An analogy borrowed from Ryan Sinclair's article Land Restitution in KwaZulu-Natal Home Schooling and the SA Schools Bill presents an insightful comment on short term Cherryl Walker Kate Durham strategies. Returning to international events, this year's This article describes the major issues confronting the Greater school choice and parental involvement are the trend internationally. Home schooling is a valid option, Commission on Restitution of Land Rights' work in Mount Everest expedition is one many South Africans Old Habits Die Hard: 19 unduly restricted in the draft SA Schools Bill. KwaZulu-Natal. feel ambivalent about. It illustrates a world in which Can SADC Counter Military morality is qualified by location, for these mountain Intervention in Southern Africa? climbers - over a certain elevation. Ryan Sinclair Jakkie Cilliers and Mark Malan asserts that a similar ethic now characterises Civil-military relations are fragile in Africa, which international refugee policy in which politics and presents a major challenge to the Southern African COMPARATIVE MONITOR 80 Development Community's task. Power For the Green People? financial costs determine humanitarian assistance. The Constitution and the Environment Michael Kidd Immigration to the United States: 52 The Constitution is an improvement, but the I would like to dedicate this issue to the memory of Issues and Problems environmental right may be sidestepped by the Donna Taylor. Many of us at Indicator were touched limitations clause or conflict with other rights in the Manuel Orozco by her brightness every so often in the office. ECONOMIC MONITOR Constitution. Anti-immigration sentiment is increasing in the US. Having brought so much energy and sun to While certain immigration trends are related to foreign Indicator, we wish her mother and Indicator Press policy and racial identification, the global context is editor, Karen Mac Gregor, all possible strength. important. Economic Outlook 25 Richard Simson The 'Brown Agenda': Environment 84 The macroeconomy has recently endured a major Integration Politics: 59 and Development in Cato Manor Antoinette Louw, Editor change. Foreign exchange markets have been volatile European Union Lessons For Southern Africa and the rand has suffered considerably. Zarina Patel MeshackM. Khosa Urbanisation in Third World cities causes environmental problems that undermine quality of life, This article argues that South Africa should encourage INDICATOR SOUTH AFRICA produces Quarterly Reports and INDICATOR particularly among the poor. These issues are central less polarised economic development and a more PRESS publishes investigative books. Both are based in the Centre for Social to urban management. and Development Studies at the University of Natal, Durban Opinions Cover painting by Louisa Wassenaar democratic political environment in the region. expressed are not necessarily those of the Editorial Committee and should not be taken to represent the policies ot companies or organisations which are donor members of Indicator Soulh Africa. Indicator Press Editor Karen Mac Gregor Production Rob and Marion Evans © Copyright for all material herein is held by INDICATOR SOUTH AFRICA. Indicator SA & Crime and Conflict Editor Antoinette Louw Editorial Committee Simon Bekker, Murk Bennett, Rob Evans, Mervyn Frost Permission to republish or reproduce any part of this publication must be Editorial Assistant Sarah Frost Administration/Marketing Pat Fismer Richard Humphries. Myrna Kaplan. Meshack Khosa, Antoinette Louw. Karen Mac Gregor, obtained from the publisher. Printing Creda (Natal) Julian May. Mike McGrath, Valerie Miller,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Super Family
    Super Family (Chaim Freedman, Petah Tikvah, Israel, September 2008) Yehoash (Heibish/Gevush) Super, born c.1760, died before 1831 in Latvia. He married unknown. I. Shmuel Super, born 1781,1 died by 1855 in Lutzin (now Ludza), Latvia,2 occupation alcohol trader. Appears in a list from 1837 of tax litigants who were alcohol traders in Lutzin. (1) He married Brokha ?, born 1781 in Lutzin (now Ludza), Latvia,3 died before 1831 in Lutzin (now Ludza), Latvia.3 (2) He married Elka ?, born 1794.4 A. Payka Super, (daughter of Shmuel Super and Brokha ?) born 1796/1798 in Lutzin (now Ludza), Latvia,3 died 1859 in Lutzin (now Ludza), Latvia.5 She married Yaakov-Keifman (Kivka) Super, born 1798,6,3 (son of Sholom "Super" ?) died 1874 in Lutzin (now Ludza), Latvia.7 Yaakov-Keifman: Oral tradition related by his descendants claims that Koppel's surname was actually Weinstock and that he married into the Super family. The name change was claimed to have taken place to evade military service. But this story seems to be invalid as all census records for him and his sons use the name Super. 1. Moshe Super, born 1828 in Lutzin (now Ludza), Latvia.8 He married Sara Goda ?, born 1828.8 a. Bentsion Super, born 1851 in Lutzin (now Ludza), Latvia.9 He married Khana ?, born 1851.9 b. Payka Super, born 1854 in Lutzin (now Ludza), Latvia.10 c. Rassa Super, born 1857 in Lutzin (now Ludza), Latvia.11 d. Riva Super, born 1860 in Lutzin (now Ludza), Latvia.12 e. Mushke Super, born 1865 in Lutzin (now Ludza), Latvia.13 f.
    [Show full text]
  • Final M Tech Mike Agenbag Publication 26July2008 3
    THE MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL OF MILK HYGIENE IN THE INFORMAL SECTOR BY ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SERVICES IN SOUTH AFRICA By MICHAEL HERMANUS ALBERTUS AGENBAG Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree MAGISTER TECHNOLOGIAE: ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH in the School of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences at the Central University of Technology, Free State Supervisor: Prof. J.F.R. Lues (PhD Food Science) BLOEMFONTEIN, SOUTH AFRICA July 2008 i DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENT WORK I, MICHAEL HERMANUS ALBERTUS AGENBAG, do hereby declare that this research project submitted to the Central University of Technology, Free State for the degree MAGISTER TECHNOLOGIAE: ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH is my own original work and has not been submitted before to any institution by myself or any other person in fulfilment of the requirements for the attainment of any qualification. .………………………….…... ……………………….. SIGNATURE OF STUDENT DATE ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS “Daring ideas are like chessmen moved forward; they may be beaten, but they may start a winning game.” - Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. I wish to acknowledge the following persons who have all contributed towards my success: • My Heavenly Farther for the strength He has given me and for allowing me the immense privilege to study; • Lida, Mariena, Maretha and Franciska for their understanding, motivation, patience and support; • Prof. Ryk Lues for his encouragement, enthusiasm, leadership, assistance and support; • Dr Liezel Lues for her advice and assistance in writing up the first article; • In remembrance
    [Show full text]
  • Justifying the Decision to Terminate Pregnancies: Comparisons of Women’S Narratives from South Africa and Zimbabwe
    Justifying the decision to terminate pregnancies: Comparisons of women’s narratives from South Africa and Zimbabwe. Malvern Chiweshe, Jabulile Mavuso, Catriona Macleod Critical Studies in Sexualities and Reproduction, Psychology Department, Rhodes University, South Africa Introduction The decision-making process regarding how to resolve a pregnancy refers to the time spanning from the moment the woman realises she is pregnant until a decision has been made as to whether to carry the pregnancy to term or terminate the pregnancy (Kjelsvik & Gjengedal, 2011). Relatively little research has been done on the decision-making process itself (Lie, Robson & May, 2008). Recently, Coast, Norris, Moore and Freeman (2014) have tried to document the abortion decision-making process by using data from different countries and coming up with a framework that tries to cover the different aspects of abortion decision-making. While research by Coast et al (2014), and similar research, will help towards greater understanding of what abortion decision-making entails, the approach used within this kind of work is not without limitations. Research on abortion decision-making (including Coast et al.’s 2014 study) has tended to employ a health determinants approach where factors or influences that are seen to affect abortion decision-making are explored (Harvey-Knowles, 2012; Mdleleni-Bookholane, 2007, Schuster, 2005). For example, among a sample of women who attended Umtata General Hospital in the Eastern Cape, South Africa, to terminate a pregnancy, Mdleleni-Bookholane (2007) identified the following as factors that led to the abortion decision: the extent to which the pregnancy was intended, willingness or ability on the part of the woman to make the adjustments necessary to include a child in her future life, and awareness of the availability of abortion.
    [Show full text]
  • Exploring Diplomatic Crisis of Nigeria and South Africa Between 1994 and 2013
    E-ISSN 2281-4612 Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies Vol 4 No 1 ISSN 2281-3993 MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy March 2015 Exploring Diplomatic Crisis of Nigeria and South Africa between 1994 and 2013 Samuel Augustine Umezurike Department of Politics and International Studies (POLIS), University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa [email protected] or [email protected] Dr Asuelime E Lucky Department of Politics and International Studies (POLIS), University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa Email: [email protected] Doi:10.5901/ajis.2015.v4n1p65 Abstract Nigeria’s relations with South Africa were of double standard during the apartheid era. The post-independence Nigeria and the apartheid regime in Pretoria relations were sour and confrontational, while it was friendly between Nigeria and the liberation movements in South Africa, especially with the African National Congress (ANC). It was more so because Nigeria adopted Africa as the centerpiece of its foreign policy, and committed itself to the total liberation of the African continent from colonialism and racism. Nigeria staged untiring opposition to colonialism on the African continent, and the racism that existed in South Africa before 1994. The beginning of a new era started in the final days of apartheid in South Africa when President de Klerk visited Nigeria in April 1992 to discuss bilateral issues, mostly trade relations. The paper examines, however, Nigeria and South Africa’s diplomatic fluidity since re-establishing formal relations in 1994 in order to understand the causes of the misunderstanding and the effect on both countries’ relations and suggest better ways to foster their relations.
    [Show full text]
  • HIV/AIDS, Stigma and Children a Literature Review
    HIV/AIDS, stigma and children www.hsrcpress.ac.za Harriet Deacon and Inez Stephney from A literature review download Free Published by HSRC Press Private Bag X9182, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa www.hsrcpress.ac.za First published 2007 ISBN 978-0-7969-2188-8 © 2007 Human Sciences Research Council Copyedited by Vaun Cornell Typeset by Janco Yspeert Cover design by Oryx Media Cover photo: ©Branko de Lang/iAfrika Photos www.hsrcpress.ac.za Print management by Compress from Distributed in Africa by Blue Weaver Tel: +27 (0) 21 701 4477; Fax: +27 (0) 21 701 7302 download www.oneworldbooks.com Free Distributed in Europe and the United Kingdom by Eurospan Distribution Services (EDS) Tel: +44 (0) 20 7240 0856; Fax: +44 (0) 20 7379 0609 www.eurospangroup.com/bookstore Distributed in North America by Independent Publishers Group (IPG) Call toll-free: (800) 888 4741; Fax: +1 (312) 337 5985 www.ipgbook.com contents Acknowledgements iv Acronyms and abbreviations v CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Children and the HIV/AIDS pandemic 1 1.2 Children and HIV/AIDS-related stigma 1 1.3 Methodology 3 CHAPTER 2: DEFINITIONS 5 2.1 Defining stigma 5 2.2 Layered stigma 7 2.3 Defining ‘children’ 8 2.4 Should researchers focus on children orphaned by AIDS? 11 2.5 Why we need to stop focusing on orphans 14 2.6 Conclusion 15 CHAPTER 3: THE HIV/AIDS PANDEMIC, STIGMA AND CHILDREN 17 3.1 Understanding the key research areas 17 3.2 Hypothesis 1: HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination exacerbates the negative effects of the pandemic on children 20 3.3 Hypothesis 2: HIV/AIDS-related
    [Show full text]
  • Education in Rural Areas of China and South Africa: Comparative Perspectives on Policy and Educational Management
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 469 133 RC 022 962 AUTHOR Gordon, Adele; Wang, Qiang . TITLE Education in Rural Areas of China and South Africa: Comparative Perspectives on Policy and Educational Management. Comparative Perspectives: Education in China & South Africa. PUB DATE 2000-06-20 NOTE 66p.; Produced by the UNESCO International Research and Training Centre for Rural Education (INRULED), Nanjing, China. PUB TYPE Reports Descriptive (141) EDRS PRICE EDRS Price MF01/PC03 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Access to Education; Adult Basic Education; Comparative Education; *Compulsory Education; *Educational Change; *Educational Objectives; *Educational Policy; Elementary Secondary Education; Equal Education; Foreign Countries; Minority Groups; Politics of Education; Poverty; Rural Development; *Rural Education; Rural Urban Differences IDENTIFIERS *China; *South Africa ABSTRACT This report on the educational systems in China and South Africa compares the policies and processes of the two countries as they attempt to expand and improve rural education. Both countries experienced a major political upheaval, and even though there is a 50-year time lag between these events, political changes ushered in radical educational transformation. Today China provides basic education to almost all of its citizens, both youths and adults. However, there are lags in rural areas, particularly among women in minority groups. Changes were made in a stepwise fashion, with different contexts dictating the pace of reform. In contrast, South African educators have attempted to implement extensive changes at a rapid rate to meet constitutional challenges related to equity, redress, non- racism, and non-sexism. The new policies are in line with the most innovative changes made by developed countries, placing enormous stress on government officials, who often do not have the resources or the capacity to implement the policies.
    [Show full text]
  • Achieving a Better Life for All Progress Between Census ‘96 and Census 2001 Statistics South Africa Private Bag X44 Pretoria 0001 South Africa
    Statistics South Africa CENSUS 2001 Achieving a better life for all Progress between Census ‘96 and Census 2001 Statistics South Africa Private Bag X44 Pretoria 0001 South Africa 170 Andries Street Pretoria 0002 User information services: (012) 310 8600 Fax: (012) 310 8500 Main switchboard: (012) 310 8911 Website: www.statssa.gov.za Email: [email protected] Report no. 03-02-16 (2001) Statistics South Africa 2005 Pali Lehohla Statistician-General Published by Statistics South Africa, Private Bag X44, Pretoria 0001 © Statistics South Africa, 2005 Users may apply or process this data, provided Statistics South Africa (Stats SA) is acknowledged as the original source of the data; that it is specified that the application and/or analysis is the result of the user's independent processing of the data; and that neither the basic data nor any reprocessed version or application thereof may be sold or offered for sale in any form whatsoever without prior permission from Stats SA. Stats SA Library Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP) Data Census 2001: Achieving a better life for all: Progress between Census ’96 and Census 2001 / Statistics South Africa. Pretoria: Statistics South Africa, 2005 215 p. (Report No. 03-02-16 (2001)) ISBN 0-621-34332-3 1. Population – South Africa 2. Statistics – South Africa 3. Census – South Africa 4. Households 5. Migration 6. Education 7. Disability I. Statistics South Africa (LCSH 16) A complete set of Stats SA publications is available at Stats SA Library and the following libraries: National Library of South Africa,
    [Show full text]
  • Barriers to Safe and Legal Abortion in South Africa
    BRIEFINGBRIEFING Barriers to Safe and Legal Abortion in South Africa © Amnesty International Amnesty International is a global movement of We are independent of any government, political more than 7 million people who campaign for a ideology, economic interest or religion and are funded world where human rights are enjoyed by all. mainly by our membership and public donations. Our vision is for every person to enjoy all the rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights standards. 2 AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL BRIEFING: BARRIERS TO SAFE AND LEGAL ABORTION IN SOUTH AFRICA 3 CONTENTS The South African government’s human rights obligation The South African Government’s to ensure access to safe and legal abortion services in South Africa …..........................................................…. 3 Human Rights Obligation Human Rights Framework ………………........….....……………. 7 The Failure to regulate Conscientious Objection …….......…..… 8 Inequality of Access to Services …………..…...............………..12 to Ensure Access to Safe and The Right to Access Information ……...……….........…………. 14 Conclusion and Recommendations ………......….........………..17 Legal Abortion Services Annex 1: South Africa's Human Rights Obligations in Relation to Access to Abortion ..................................... 20 Amnesty International Publications First published in 2017 by Amnesty International Publications ACCESS TO SAFE AND LEGAL ABORTION SAVES LIVES International Secretariat Peter Benenson House The World Health Organisation (WHO) is clear that access to safe abortion is a key step for avoiding maternal 1 Easton Street deaths and injuries.1 In contrast, restrictive access to abortion services violates numerous human rights, London WC1X 0DW including the right to life, health, privacy, and to be free from discrimination, torture and ill-treatment. United Kingdom www.amnesty.org Abortion has been legal in South Africa for almost twenty years.
    [Show full text]
  • Barriers to Safe and Legal Abortion in South Africa
    BRIEFINGBRIEFING Barriers to Safe and Legal Abortion in South Africa © Amnesty International Amnesty International is a global movement of We are independent of any government, political more than 7 million people who campaign for a ideology, economic interest or religion and are funded world where human rights are enjoyed by all. mainly by our membership and public donations. Our vision is for every person to enjoy all the rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights standards. 2 AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL BRIEFING: BARRIERS TO SAFE AND LEGAL ABORTION IN SOUTH AFRICA 3 CONTENTS The South African Government’s The South African government’s human rights obligation to ensure access to safe and legal abortion services in South Africa …..........................................................…. 3 Human Rights Obligation Human Rights Framework ………………........….....……………. 7 The Failure to regulate Conscientious Objection …….......…..… 8 to Ensure Access to Safe and Inequality of Access to Services …………..…...............………..12 The Right to Access Information ……...……….........…………. 14 Conclusion and Recommendations ………......….........………..17 Legal Abortion Services Annex 1: South Africa's Human Rights Obligations in Relation to Access to Abortion ..................................... 20 Amnesty International Publications First published in 2017 by ACCESS TO SAFE AND LEGAL ABORTION SAVES LIVES Amnesty International Publications International Secretariat Peter Benenson House The World Health Organisation (WHO) is clear that access to safe abortion is a key step for avoiding maternal 1 Easton Street deaths and injuries.1 In contrast, restrictive access to abortion services violates numerous human rights, London WC1X 0DW including the right to life, health, privacy, and to be free from discrimination, torture and ill-treatment. United Kingdom www.amnesty.org Abortion has been legal in South Africa for almost twenty years.
    [Show full text]
  • Moral Development and the Ethic of Care in Post
    MORAL DEVELOPMENT AND THE ETHIC OF CARE IN POST-APARTHEID SOUTH AFRICA BENEDICT CHRISTIAAN TRUTER Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (Psychology) at the University of Stellenbosch Supervisor: Mr. H. M. De Vos December 2002 Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za STATEMENT I, the undersigned, hereby declare that the work contained in this thesis is my own original work, and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it at any university for a degree. Signature Date Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za ABSTRACT The transformation of South African society since 1994 provides a suitable opportunity to investigate moral development amongst undergraduate students in the Western Cape. The Ethic of Care Interview (ECI), a measure based on Carol Gilligan's theory of gender-related moral development and designed by Skoe and Marcia (1991), was administered to 26 undergraduate university students from three universities. The Mann-Whitney distribution-free test was used to analyse the data. From these findings it appears that young South Africans are struggling to make ethical decisions based on care for self and other; however, black females were found to score at significantly higher levels than any other group on the ECI. There were no other significant differences across gender or interview type (conscious and unconscious). Reasons for results obtained are discussed and suggestions for future research made. Finally, the ethic of care is considered in terms of its potential value for the present context. ii Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za OPSOMMING Die transformasie van die Suid-Afrikaanse samelewing sedert 1994 bied 'n ideale geleentheid om morele ontwikkeling onder voorgraadse studente in die Wes-Kaap te ondersoek.
    [Show full text]
  • Theorizing Negotiations Between Communities and Protected Areas
    Mutual Gains and Distributive Ideologies in South Africa: Theorizing Negotiations between Communities and Protected Areas Derick A. Fay1 With the rise of joint management of protected areas, community representatives are increasingly involved in formal negotiations with state officials, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and other actors. Policy recommendations have commonly idealized “win-win” scenarios. Theoretical work on negotiation from psychology and management studies, however, points to identifiable circumstances under which the goal of a mutually-beneficial “win-win” situation may limit the strategies, and ultimately the benefits, available to communities. Instead, an antagonistic, “distributive” approach to negotiations may be more compatible with the pressures on and strategies available to community representatives. The tensions between a “mutual gains” and “distributive” approach to negotiations are evident in two land claims on protected areas in South Africa: the Dwesa-Cwebe Nature Reserves, and the Pafuri Triangle, a portion of Kruger National Park. In each, NGOs that operated with a “mutual gains” strategy, espousing a “win-win” scenario, came to be perceived as collaborating with conservation agencies. Meanwhile, as negotiation theory would suggest, community representatives inclined towards a “distributive” strategy and allied with a second set of explicitly advocatory NGOs. Expecting that communities should embrace a “win-win” scenario from the outset is unrealistic and likely to reduce communities’ power in negotiations. KEY WORDS: negotiation; protected areas; conservation; non-governmental organizations; land claims; joint management; co-management. 1 NEGOTIATIONS IN THE MAKULEKE AND DWESA-CWEBE LAND CLAIMS With the rise of joint management of protected areas, scholars working under the broad rubric of political ecology are increasingly studying situations where representatives of adjoining communities are increasingly involved in formal negotiation processes with state officials, non- governmental organizations (NGOs) and other actors.
    [Show full text]
  • BASIS CRSP Sixth Annual Report
    BASIS CRSP Sixth Annual Report Activities 2001-2002 Workplans 2002-2003 and Outreach 2003 October 2002 BASIS CRSP Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics University of Wisconsin–Madison 424 Taylor Hall, 427 Lorch Street Madison, WI 53706 USA [email protected] tel: +608-262-5538 fax: +608-262-4376 http://www.basis.wisc.edu STAFF Michael Carter, Director Danielle Hartmann, Assistant Director Kurt Brown, Publications and Outreach Manager Beverly Phillips, Web Manager USAID COGNIZANT TECHNICAL OFFICER Lena Heron Phone: (202) 712-0391 Fax: (202) 216-3579 [email protected] BASIS CRSP Sixth Annual Report Activities 2001-2002 Workplans 2002-2003 and Outreach 2003 BASIS CRSP Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics University of Wisconsin-Madison http://www.basis.wisc.edu October 2002 This publication was made possible in part through support provided by the US Agency for International Development (USAID), under the terms of Grant No. LAG-A-00-96-90016-00, and by funding support from the BASIS Collaborative Research Support Program and the Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA. All views, interpretations, recommendations, and conclusions expressed in this document are those of the various authors and not necessarily those of the supporting or cooperating organizations. Copyright © by BASIS. All rights reserved. Readers may make verbatim copies of this document for noncommercial purposes by any means, provided that this copyright notice appears on all such copies. Overview—ii
    [Show full text]